CN115490536A - Water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115490536A CN115490536A CN202211359704.9A CN202211359704A CN115490536A CN 115490536 A CN115490536 A CN 115490536A CN 202211359704 A CN202211359704 A CN 202211359704A CN 115490536 A CN115490536 A CN 115490536A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical group OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 19
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003487 anti-permeability effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripotassium methoxy(trioxido)silane Chemical group [K+].[K+].[K+].CO[Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] XTIIITNXEHRMQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/60—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only artificial stone
- C04B41/61—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/65—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/68—Silicic acid; Silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5024—Silicates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of waterproof materials. In the present invention, sodium silicate and lithium silicate are active substances and can hydrate Ca (OH) generated when cement is hydrated 2 Water insoluble crystals are generated by reaction to block pores and cracks and improve the compactness and impermeability of concrete, and the reaction activities of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate are different, if the lithium silicate is used only, the gelling time is too long (>300 s) does not meet the standard requirement of JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent, if only sodium silicate is used, the reaction is too fast, the gelling time is short, and the system is easy to be unstable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof materials, in particular to a water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Concrete is used as a non-homogeneous structural material, the interior of the concrete is porous, and when cement is hardened, shrinkage can generate a plurality of micro cracks, and the pores and the cracks provide passages for moisture to permeate, which is a main reason for concrete leakage. Most of traditional waterproof materials are coiled materials or coatings, the traditional waterproof materials are paved on the surface layer of a concrete base surface and serve as a raincoat-type anti-seepage structure, the waterproof layer is thin, cannot penetrate into the concrete, is easy to fall off, is particularly not suitable for waterproofing of a damp base surface of a backing surface, organic substances in the components can bring pungent smell, the requirements on environmental friendliness are not met, and the construction efficiency is lower due to the multi-layer structure. In order to block the internal pores of concrete and improve the compactness of the concrete, a cement-based permeable crystalline waterproof material is produced by taking cement and quartz sand as base materials and doping active substances to prepare a powdery inorganic waterproof material, mortar is required to be prepared and smeared on a concrete base surface during construction, and the improvement on the impermeability of the concrete is limited because the active substances are low in content and difficult to permeate in a solid state.
The water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent is an aqueous solution obtained by taking silicate as a main material and adding an auxiliary agent, has good permeability, and can be used for leading active substance silicate to permeate into concrete and reacting with Ca (OH) generated in hydration engineering 2 And the water-insoluble crystals are generated through reaction, so that pores and cracks are blocked, the compactness and impermeability of the concrete are improved, the active substances cannot lose efficacy along with the lapse of time, the concrete is in a dormant state when dried, and once the concrete meets water, the concrete can be crystallized and blocked again, so that the concrete is efficient and durable. In addition, the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent is non-toxic and environment-friendly, has low viscosity, is easy to spray and is simple and convenient to construct.
At present, the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agents disclosed in the prior art such as Chinese patents CN104844269A and CN101671154A have the problems of insufficient impermeability and the like, and particularly, after JC/T1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproof agent standard is revised and published, some products in the prior art cannot simultaneously meet the standard requirements of viscosity, density, gelation time, surface hydrophilicity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent provided by the invention has good impermeability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 portions of sodium silicate, 5 to 15 portions of lithium silicate, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of retarder, 1 to 5 portions of accelerant and 55 to 70 portions of water.
Preferably, the sodium silicate has a modulus of 3.3 and the lithium silicate has a modulus of 3.3 or 4.8.
Preferably, the surfactant comprises a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and/or a fluorocarbon surfactant.
Preferably, when the surfactant comprises a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and a fluorocarbon surfactant, the mass part of the polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproof agent is 0.1 part, the mass part of the fluorocarbon surfactant is 0-0.2 part, and the mass part of the fluorocarbon surfactant is not 0.
Preferably, the set retarder is a sodium salt comprising one or more of sodium borate, sodium citrate, sodium EDTA, and sodium tartrate.
Preferably, the mass part of the retarder in the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent is 0.2 part.
Preferably, the accelerator is triethanolamine.
Preferably, the mass part of the accelerator in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproof agent is 2 parts.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium silicate, lithium silicate, a surfactant, a retarder, an accelerator and water to obtain the water-based permeable inorganic waterproofing agent.
The invention also provides the application of the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent in the technical scheme in concrete waterproof engineering.
The invention provides a water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 portions of sodium silicate, 5 to 15 portions of lithium silicate, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of retarder, 1 to 5 portions of accelerant and 55 to 70 portions of water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the present invention, sodium silicate and lithium silicate are active substances and can hydrate Ca (OH) generated when cement is hydrated 2 Water insoluble crystals are generated by reaction to block pores and cracks and improve the compactness and impermeability of concrete, and the reaction activities of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate are different, if the lithium silicate is used only, the gelling time is too long (the reaction time is too long)>300 s), does not meet the standard requirement of JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent, if only using sodium silicate, the reaction is too fast, the gelling time is short, and the system is easy to be unstable, the invention contains sodium silicate and lithium silicate at the same time, the proportion of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate is proper, and the aqueous inorganic waterproofing agent with moderate reaction activity and gelling time and stable system can be obtained; the surfactant plays a role in activation; the retarder can slow down active substances and Ca (OH) 2 The inorganic waterproofing agent can not penetrate to a certain depth; the accelerant can promote the cement hydration process and accelerate the crystallization reaction of the active substance and the cement hydration product to a certain extent. The invention does not contain organosilicate, does not form an organic hydrophobic layer on the surface, and can meet the requirement that water drops cannot drop in a bead shape in a concrete surface hydrophilicity test in JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent standard.
The water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent provided by the invention is a colorless transparent aqueous solution, has low viscosity (the viscosity range is 11.0 +/-1.0 s), is easy to spray, has controllable gel time (less than or equal to 300 min), and has high permeability and excellent impermeability and waterproofness.
In addition, the invention has high water content and low cost.
Further, in the present invention, the polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant is an excellent surfactant of silicate, which can help active substances to permeate into the interior of a concrete structure, and the fluorocarbon surfactant can significantly reduce the surface tension of water at an extremely low concentration.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent in the technical scheme, and the preparation method is simple and convenient to operate.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 20 to 30 portions of sodium silicate, 5 to 15 portions of lithium silicate, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of retarder, 1 to 5 portions of accelerator and 55 to 70 portions of water.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all the raw materials used are commercially available in the art.
The weight portion of the sodium silicate in the water-based permeable inorganic waterproofing agent provided by the invention is preferably 25-27.
In the present invention, the modulus of the sodium silicate is preferably 3.3.
The mass part of lithium silicate in the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent provided by the invention is preferably 10 parts.
In the present invention, the modulus of the lithium silicate is preferably 3.3 or 4.8.
The mass part of the surfactant in the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent provided by the invention is preferably 0.2 part.
In the present invention, the surfactant preferably includes a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and/or a fluorocarbon surfactant, and when the surfactant preferably includes a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and a fluorocarbon surfactant, the mass fraction of the polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous permeation type inorganic waterproofing agent is preferably 0.1 part, the mass fraction of the fluorocarbon surfactant is preferably 0 to 0.2 part, and the mass fraction of the fluorocarbon surfactant is not 0.
In the present invention, the polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant preferably includes one or more of NP-10, NP-15, and OP-15.
In the present invention, the fluorocarbon surfactant is preferably GS-823.
In the present invention, the retarder is preferably a sodium salt, which preferably includes one or more of sodium borate, sodium citrate, sodium EDTA, and sodium tartrate.
In the present invention, the mass part of the retarder in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent is preferably 0.2 part.
In the present invention, the accelerator is preferably triethanolamine.
In the present invention, the mass part of the accelerator in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent is preferably 2 parts.
In the present invention, the water is preferably deionized water.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproof agent comprises the following components in parts by mass:
25 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 1 part of triethanolamine and 58 parts of deionized water; or
25 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 57 parts of deionized water; or
25 parts of sodium silicate, 10 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 62 parts of deionized water; or
25 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 67 parts of deionized water; or
25 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-10,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 57 parts of deionized water; or
27 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts of lithium silicate, 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1 part of GS-823,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 58 parts of deionized water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent in the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
mixing sodium silicate, lithium silicate, a surfactant, a retarder, an accelerator and water to obtain the water-based permeable inorganic waterproofing agent.
Preferably, the water, the retarder, the accelerator and the surfactant are sequentially mixed, and then the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate are sequentially added into a system to be mixed to obtain a colorless transparent aqueous solution, namely the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent.
Because the raw materials in the invention have different acid-base properties and different solubility in water, the retarder, the accelerator and the surfactant are firstly added into water for dilution, and then the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate are added after uniform stirring, so that the system can be more uniformly mixed by steps.
The mixing method is not particularly limited in the present invention, and may be a method known to those skilled in the art, and in the present invention, the mixing is preferably stirring, and the rotation speed of the stirring is preferably 600 rpm.
The invention also provides the application of the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent in the technical scheme or the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent prepared by the preparation method in the technical scheme in concrete waterproof engineering.
In the present invention, the application preferably comprises the steps of:
cleaning the surface of a base layer to ensure that the base layer is clean and has no dust and clear water, and large cracks or large damages are repaired by cement mortar in advance;
and spraying the water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent.
In the present invention, the spraying preferably ensures uniform surface saturation.
In the present invention, the amount of the spray coating is preferably 0.3 to 0.5kg/m 2 。
The number of spraying is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 3, and the next spraying is performed after the preferable surface drying is finished each time.
In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are given to describe the water-based permeable inorganic waterproofing agent of the present invention and the preparation method and application thereof in detail, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 15 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 3.3), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 1 part of triethanolamine and 58 parts of deionized water.
Example 2
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 15 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 57 parts of deionized water.
Example 3
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 10 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 62 parts of deionized water.
Example 4
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 5 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 67 parts of deionized water.
Example 5
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 15 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-10,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 57 parts of deionized water.
Example 6
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 27 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 5 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 58 parts of deionized water.
The preparation methods of the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agents of examples 1 to 6: at room temperature, adding the water, the retarder, the accelerator and the surfactant in the measured parts into a beaker in sequence, stirring at a constant speed of 600 revolutions per minute for 0.5 hour, then adding the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate into the system in sequence, and continuously stirring at 600 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes to obtain a colorless transparent aqueous solution.
The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agents prepared in examples 1 to 6 were subjected to a performance test, and the viscosity was measured according to a method specified by the national standard of the people's republic of china GB/T1723 to 1993 (paint viscosity measurement method), the density, pH value and surface tension were measured according to a method specified by the national standard of the people's republic of china GB/T8077 to 2012 (concrete admixture homogeneity test method), the gelation time, the concrete permeation height ratio and the concrete surface hydrophilicity were measured according to the national building material industry standard of the people's republic of china JC/T1018 to 2020 (aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agents), the permeation height was measured according to JC/T1018 to 2006 (aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agents), and the compressive strength was measured according to JC 474-2008 "mortar and concrete waterproofing agents". As shown in Table 1, it is understood that when sodium silicate has a modulus of 3.3, a colorless and transparent aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent can be obtained by incorporating a certain proportion of lithium silicate (modulus of 3.3 or 4.8), and the viscosity is 10 to 11 seconds, so that the coating composition is very suitable for spray coating. The density, the pH value, the gelation time, the water absorption capacity ratio of 48h, the impermeability (the concrete permeation height ratio) and the concrete surface hydrophilicity can meet the standard requirements of JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent, and particularly, the impermeability and compressive strength test results show that the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent prepared by the invention can fully improve the compactness and the waterproof impermeability of concrete. Compared with the examples 2-4, the gelation time of the waterproofing agent is shortened along with the reduction of the content of the lithium silicate, and the waterproofing and anti-permeability performance is also slightly reduced; examples 2 and 5 show that both polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactants NP-15 and NP-10 can give a water repellent satisfying the standards, and NP-15 is slightly effective; example 6 shows that the ratio of sodium silicate and lithium silicate is within a suitable range, a water repellent satisfying the standards can be obtained.
TABLE 1 Performance test results of the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agents of examples 1 to 6
Comparative example 1
CN104844269a discloses example 1 of an inorganic silicate waterproofing agent with depth penetration and filling properties.
Comparative example 2
CN101671154a discloses an aqueous permeable crystallization type waterproof material and its preparation method, example 1.
The performance data of example 2 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 2, the performance test method of comparative examples 1 and 2 is consistent with that of the examples in the present invention, and it can be seen from Table 2 that the product performance index in CN104844269A in the prior art is higher in pH value and gelation time than the standard requirement of JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeation type inorganic waterproofing agent. CN101671154A, example 1 added potassium methyl silicate forms a surface hydrophobic layer, and can not meet the requirement that water drops can not fall in a bead shape in a concrete surface hydrophilicity test in JCT-1018-2020 aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent standard. From the results of the impermeability test, example 2 of the present invention also has an impermeability (penetration height) superior to those of comparative examples 1 and 2.
TABLE 2 Performance test data for example 2 and comparative examples 1-2
| Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | |
| Viscosity, s | 11 | 12 | - |
| Density, g/cm 3 | 1.2 | 1.46 | |
| pH value | 11.7 | 13 | |
| Surface tension, mN/m | 24 | 25 | |
| Gelation time, min | 89 | 360 | - |
| 48h water absorption ratio% | 43 | - | 25 |
| Impermeability (penetration height), mm | 12 | 16 | 20 |
| Hydrophilicity of concrete surface | Surface hydrophilicity | - | Surface hydrophobicity |
Comparative example 3
An aqueous permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.9), 5 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 3.3), 0.2 part of NP-15,0.2 part of sodium borate, 1 part of triethanolamine and 68 parts of deionized water.
Comparative example 4
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 0.2 part of NP-15,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 67 parts of deionized water.
Comparative example 5
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3), 20 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8), 0.1 part of NP-15,0.1, GS-823,0.2, sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 57 parts of deionized water.
Comparative example 6
A water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent for concrete waterproofing engineering is a colorless transparent aqueous solution and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 3.3), 0.2 part of NP-15,0.2 part of sodium borate, 2 parts of triethanolamine and 67 parts of deionized water.
The performance data of the example 2 and the comparative examples 3 to 6 are shown in the table 3, the performance test methods of the comparative examples 3 to 6 are consistent with the test method of the example of the invention, and as can be seen from the table 3, the comparative example 3 adopts sodium silicate with modulus of 3.9, so that the sodium silicate is easily turbid, a transparent liquid cannot be obtained, and the standard requirement cannot be met, and the comparative example 4 adopts 30 parts of sodium silicate (modulus of 3.3) and does not adopt compound lithium silicate, so that the obtained waterproof agent has short gelation time, poor water impermeability and cannot meet the standard requirement; comparative example 5 uses 20 parts of sodium silicate (modulus 3.3) and 20 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 4.8) to compound, so that the gel time is longer, the waterproof and anti-permeability performance is poor, and the standard requirement cannot be met; comparative example 6 uses 30 parts of lithium silicate (modulus 3.3) without compounding sodium silicate, resulting in too long gelation time (> 300 min), exceeding the standard requirements, with equally poor water and permeability resistance, failing to meet the standard requirements.
Table 3 performance test data for example 2 and comparative examples 3 to 6
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water-based permeable inorganic waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 20 to 30 portions of sodium silicate, 5 to 15 portions of lithium silicate, 0.1 to 0.3 portion of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 portion of retarder, 1 to 5 portions of accelerant and 55 to 70 portions of water.
2. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1, wherein the modulus of sodium silicate is 3.3 and the modulus of lithium silicate is 3.3 or 4.8.
3. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant comprises a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and/or a fluorocarbon surfactant.
4. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 3, wherein when the surfactant includes a polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant and a fluorocarbon surfactant, the mass fraction of the polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactant in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent is 0.1 part, the mass fraction of the fluorocarbon surfactant is 0 to 0.2 part, and the mass fraction of the fluorocarbon surfactant is not 0.
5. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1 wherein the retarder is a sodium salt comprising one or more of sodium borate, sodium citrate, sodium EDTA, and sodium tartrate.
6. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the mass part of the retarder in the aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent is 0.2 parts.
7. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1, wherein the accelerator is triethanolamine.
8. The aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the accelerator is present in an amount of 2 parts by mass.
9. A method for producing an aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
mixing sodium silicate, lithium silicate, a surfactant, a retarder, an accelerator and water to obtain the water-based permeable inorganic waterproofing agent.
10. Use of an aqueous permeable inorganic waterproofing agent according to any of claims 1 to 8 in concrete waterproofing.
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