CN115621729A - Low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to the field of communication technology, and provides a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna, including: a radiation sheet; the radiation sheet is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, and the two pairs of dipole antenna arms cross at plus or minus 45 degrees It is set that a pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiation arms, wherein a pair of adjacent radiation arms in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms are provided with protrusions opposite to each other, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions is Width smaller than the spacing between adjacent radiating arms. In practical application, by setting opposite protrusions at the ends of adjacent radiation arms on one side, a narrower gap is formed, so that the surface currents of the two polarized radiation arms can better flow and concentrate in the narrower gap On both sides, and the current direction is opposite, the isolation from the antenna itself is improved, the risk of intermodulation caused by the introduction of metal spacers is avoided, and the consistency of antenna performance is guaranteed during assembly.

Description

A Low Profile Broadband High Isolation Base Station Antenna

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna.

Background technique

At present, with the rapid development of 5G communication technology and more and more terminal devices incorporated into the 5G wireless communication network, the 5G wireless communication network is required to have higher communication quality to ensure the instant communication needs of users.

The base station antenna acts as an electrical bridge connecting the user terminal equipment and the base station in the 5G wireless communication network, and its electrical performance directly affects the communication quality of the 5G wireless communication network. In order to adapt to the rapid development of current wireless communication technology, higher requirements are put forward for the electrical performance of base station antennas. For example, base station antennas need to have high gain, ultra-wideband, high isolation, high front-to-back ratio and high cross-polarization ratio, etc. characteristic.

In traditional micro-base station antennas, single-column or multi-column antenna designs are generally used, but this antenna design is affected by the environment in which the antennas are located. In order to improve the isolation of the antennas, it is necessary to introduce metal isolation between the antenna units. strip. In the mass production process, the introduction of metal spacers will inevitably increase production costs, and there may be a risk of intermodulation (PIM) in the contact between the metal spacers and the metal bottom plate, and it is difficult to ensure consistent antenna performance during assembly sex.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the isolation of the antenna, avoid increasing the risk of intermodulation introduced by the metal spacer, and ensure the consistency of the antenna performance during assembly. The present application provides a low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna.

A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna, comprising: a radiation sheet;

The radiation sheet is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, and the two pairs of dipole antenna arms are arranged at plus or minus 45 degrees, and a pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiation arms, wherein, there is a pair of Adjacent radiating arms are provided with opposite protrusions, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions is smaller than the width of the space between adjacent radiating arms.

Optionally, the protrusions on the two radiating arms have the same length and the same width.

Optionally, one side edge of the protrusion is flush with the edge of the radiation arm.

Optionally, it also includes a support plate and a bottom plate; a feeder balun is provided on one side of the support plate, a feeder network is provided on the base plate, and the feeder balun is connected to the feeder network and coupled to the The radiation sheet.

Optionally, a metal strip is provided on the other side of the support plate, and a metal via is further provided on the radiating arm, and the metal strip is connected to the radiating arm through the metal via.

Optionally, the support plate includes a first support plate and a second support plate, and the first support plate and the second support plate are provided with locking slots that engage with each other.

Optionally, the radiating arm is provided with intermediate slots, and all the intermediate slots are circularly symmetrical with respect to the center point of the antenna.

Optionally, the radiating arms are provided with cut corners; the cut corners are located at adjacent corners of the two radiating arms, and the cut corners are not provided at the folded corners where the protrusions are located.

Optionally, the antenna height of the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is 1/8 of the radiation wave wavelength.

Optionally, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna.

A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided by the application includes: a radiation sheet; the radiation sheet is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms, and the two pairs of dipole antenna arms are arranged at plus or minus 45 degrees, and a pair of dipole antenna arms The sub-antenna arms include two radiating arms, wherein a pair of adjacent radiating arms in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms are provided with opposite protrusions, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions is smaller than that of the adjacent radiating arms. The width of the space between.

In practical application, by setting opposite protrusions at the ends of adjacent radiation arms on one side, a narrower gap is formed, so that the surface currents of the two polarized radiation arms can better flow and concentrate in the narrower gap On both sides, and the current direction is opposite, the isolation from the antenna itself is improved, the risk of intermodulation caused by the introduction of metal spacers is avoided, and the consistency of antenna performance is guaranteed during assembly.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present application more clearly, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, there are also Additional figures can be derived from these figures.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation sheet provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first state of the support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second state of the support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of one side of the first support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the other side of the first support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of one side of the second support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side of the second support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of current distribution on a dipole antenna arm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a standing wave ratio of a base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Among them, 1-radiating piece, 11-dipole antenna arm, 111-radiating arm, 112-protrusion, 113-middle slot, 114-metal via, 115-cut corner, 2-support plate, 21-feed Balun, 22-metal belt, 23-first support plate, 24-second support plate, 25-card slot, 3-bottom plate.

detailed description

In order to improve the isolation of the antenna, avoid increasing the risk of intermodulation introduced by the metal spacer, and ensure the consistency of the antenna performance during assembly. An embodiment of the present application provides a low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, it is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation sheet provided by the embodiment of the present application. A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna includes a radiation piece 1; the radiation piece 1 is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11, and the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are arranged at plus or minus 45 degrees, and a pair of dipole antenna arms It includes two radiating arms 111, wherein, among the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11, a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111 are provided with opposite protrusions 112, and the width of the slit formed between the two protrusions 112 is smaller than that of the adjacent The width of the space between the radiation arms 111 .

It should be noted that, in the actual application process, the protrusion 112 and the radiation arm 111 are integrally formed, as shown in FIG. , in the actual structure, there is no entity structure corresponding to the dotted line. The present application does not specifically limit the shape of the radiation arm 111, and the corresponding shape can be set according to the actual design requirements. There is also no special limitation on the width of the gap formed between the two protrusions 112. In the actual application process, the described The width of the slot is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiating arms 111, so as to ensure that the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are distributed asymmetrically with respect to the orthogonal center.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, the end of the radiation arm 111 close to the relative orthogonal center of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 is called the starting end, and the end far away from the orthogonal center of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 is called the starting end. Referred to as the end, the protrusion 112 is disposed close to the end of the radiation arm 111 , and the length of the side of the radiation arm 111 on which the protrusion 112 is disposed is greater than the length of the protrusion 112 .

By setting the protrusions 112 opposite to each other and forming a narrow gap at the end of one side of a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111, the two pairs of dipoles arranged orthogonally at plus or minus 45 degrees respectively have an asymmetric structure, as shown in FIG. 9 , due to the existence of the narrow gap at the end, the current coupled to the dipole antenna arm 11 flows more concentratedly to the end of the radiation arm 111, and the asymmetric structure makes each pair of dipole antenna arms 11 present different current distributions, Two relatively independent resonant modes are formed, and the currents of the two resonant modes flow in opposite directions to improve isolation.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , the protrusions 112 on the two radiation arms 111 have the same length and the same width.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , in some embodiments of the present application, one side edge of the protrusion 112 is flush with the edge of the radiation arm 111 . The plane of the narrow side of the riser 112 is the same plane as the plane of the other side of the radiation arm 111, so as to ensure a better flow direction of the surface current of the radiation arm 111 and concentrate on both sides of the narrower gap. In the actual application process, it can also be According to requirements, the positions of the protrusions 112 are adaptively moved, but it must be ensured that the positions of the two protrusions 112 are corresponding.

Further, as shown in Figure 3, it is a schematic structural diagram of the first state of the support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic structural diagram of the second state of the support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application, and As shown in Figure 1, in some embodiments of the present application, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna also includes a support plate 2 and a bottom plate 3; one side of the support plate 2 is provided with a feed balun 21 A feed network is arranged on the base plate 3 , and the feed balun 21 is connected to the feed network and coupled to the radiation sheet 1 . The other side of the support plate 2 is provided with a metal strip 22. As shown in FIG. 2, a metal via hole 113 is also provided on the radiation arm 111. arm 111. The metal via hole 113 is disposed on a side close to the starting end of the radiation arm 111 .

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of one side of the first support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in FIG. 6, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the other side of the first support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application; As shown in Figure 7, it is a schematic view of the structure of one side of the second support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application; as shown in Figure 8, it is a schematic view of the structure of the other side of the second support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the support plate 2 includes a first support plate 23 and a second support plate 24, and the first support plate 23 and the second support plate 24 are provided with locking grooves 25 that engage with each other. The first support plate 23 and the second support plate 24 are clamped together through the mutually clamped slots 25 to form the support plate 2, avoiding the use of other connecting devices, such as bolts or clips, so as to ensure that the support plate 2 The flatness of the surface avoids the introduction of connecting devices to affect the radiation performance of the antenna.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , the radiating arm 111 is provided with intermediate slots 114, and all intermediate slots 114 are circularly symmetrical about the center point of the antenna. It should be noted that the center point of the antenna refers to two pairs of dipole antennas Orthogonal center of arm 11. In the antenna theory, the antenna with a loop structure exhibits inductive characteristics, which can offset the strong coupling capacitance generated by the radiation piece 1 (dipole antenna arm 11) in the low-profile antenna close to the feed network, and realize the effect of the low-profile antenna.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, there is no specific limitation on the size of the middle groove 114, and an adaptive design needs to be carried out according to the size of the support plate 2. On the premise of ensuring the stability of the structural connection, it can be designed according to the Requirements or the degree of difficulty of the processing technology should be designed accordingly. Correspondingly, there are no specific restrictions on the shape of the feeder balun 21 and the metal strip 22 arranged on the support plate 2. It needs to be based on the design requirements of the actual antenna. For adjustment, for example, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , for the shape of the feed balun 21 , different wiring methods can be used to adapt to support plates 2 of different sizes.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2 , in some embodiments of the present application, the radiating arms 111 are provided with cut corners 115; the cut corners 115 are located at the adjacent corners of the two radiating arms 111, and are The chamfer 115 is not provided at the corner where the protrusion 112 is located. That is, a protrusion 112 is provided at the position close to the end of a pair of adjacent radiation arms 111, and a chamfer 115 is provided at the end corners of other adjacent radiation arms 111 without protrusions 112, that is, in practical applications , cut off the normal chamfer at the end to form a chamfer 115 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the three side ends of the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are respectively introduced with cut angles 115. The cut angles 115 not only affect the coupling length and coupling distance between each pair of dipole antenna arms 11, but also change the distribution The current path on the dipole antenna arm 11, and the antenna resonance mode is mainly determined by the size of the radiation arm 111, and the non-uniform coupling characteristic brought by the cut angle 115 has an effect on the two resonance modes at the same time. When one pair of dipole antenna arms 11 is excited, the other pair of dipole antenna arms 11 has the characteristics of a ring resonator, and the second resonant mode can be controlled by controlling the coupling between the dipole antenna arms 11 and the resonator of the mobile. Therefore, the introduced cut angle 115 not only introduces a period of uneven coupling between the dipole antenna arm 11 and the resonator, but also changes the current distribution on the dipole antenna arm 11, thereby controlling the resonant mode shift. By controlling the size of the cut corner 115 and the protrusion 112, the first resonant mode can be shifted to low frequency, and the second resonant mode can be moved to high frequency, so that the two resonant modes can be pulled apart to both sides, and the antenna can produce a higher frequency. high bandwidth.

It should be noted that the general micro base station antenna can radiate energy due to the reasonable design of the antenna size and shape, which makes the antenna resonate at the designed frequency point. This frequency point is called the resonance point. The first mentioned in the article The first resonance mode actually refers to a resonance point corresponding to the size of the antenna radiation arm itself, and the second resonance mode refers to the coupling between the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 through a reasonable design of the protrusion 112 of the antenna. Finally, the second resonance point is resonated, and at the same time, the two resonance points can be changed by adjusting the position, length, width, and length of the radiation arm 111 of the protrusion 112. In the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting The above parameters make the first resonance point move to low frequency, and the second resonance point to move to high frequency, so that the distance between the two resonance points increases, thereby expanding the radiation bandwidth

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the antenna height of the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is 1/8 of the radiation wavelength.

The dipole antenna arm 11 is connected to the feed network on the base plate 3 through the feed balun 21. Since the antenna height is only one-eighth of the wavelength, the energy is coupled to the dipole antenna arm by using the coupling balun feed method 11, realize the radiation of the antenna. Therefore, it is ensured that the base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application has characteristics such as low profile, high isolation, ultra-wideband, and high gain.

Further, in some embodiments of the present application, the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna, but it is not limited to a micro base station antenna, and the technical solution of this application can also be adaptively applied to other form of the antenna.

In order to verify the performance of a low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 10, the present application simulates the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna, where VSWR(1) and VSWR(2) They are the voltage standing wave ratios of the two output ports corresponding to the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application. The wave ratio is less than 1.45, which better meets the performance requirements of the base station antenna.

A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a radiation sheet 1; the radiation sheet 1 is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11, and the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are at plus or minus 45 degrees Arranged crosswise, a pair of dipole antenna arms includes two radiating arms 111, wherein a pair of adjacent radiating arms 111 in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms 11 are provided with opposite protrusions 112, between the two protrusions 112 The width of the slit formed between the adjacent radiation arms 111 is smaller than the width of the distance between adjacent radiation arms 111 .

In practical application, by setting opposite protrusions 112 at the ends of the adjacent radiation arms 111 on one side, a narrower gap is formed, so that the surface currents of the two polarized radiation arms 111 can better flow and concentrate on the On both sides of the narrower gap, and the current direction is opposite, the isolation from the antenna itself is improved, the risk of intermodulation caused by the introduction of metal spacers is avoided, and the consistency of the antenna performance is guaranteed during assembly.

The present application has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific implementations and illustrative examples, but these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art understand that without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various equivalent replacements, modifications or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and implementations of the present application, all of which fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A low profile, broadband, high isolation base station antenna, comprising: a radiation sheet (1);

the radiating patch (1) is provided with two pairs of dipole antenna arms (11), the two pairs of dipole antenna arms (11) are arranged in a positive-negative 45-degree crossed mode, each pair of dipole antenna arms comprises two radiating arms (111), a pair of adjacent radiating arms (111) in the two pairs of dipole antenna arms (11) are provided with protrusions (112) opposite in position, and the width of a narrow gap formed between the two protrusions (112) is smaller than the width of the space between the adjacent radiating arms (111).

2. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the projections (112) on both radiating arms (111) are of the same length and the same width.

3. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein one side edge of the protrusion (112) is flush with the edge of the radiating arm (111).

4. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a support plate (2) and a base plate (3);

one surface of the supporting plate (2) is provided with a feed balun (21), the bottom plate (3) is provided with a feed network, and the feed balun (21) is connected with the feed network and coupled with the radiation piece (1).

5. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the other side of the support plate (2) is provided with a metal strip (22);

still be provided with metal via hole (113) on radiation arm (111), metal strap (22) pass through metal via hole (113) connect radiation arm (111).

6. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that the support plate (2) comprises a first support plate (23) and a second support plate (24);

and clamping grooves (25) which are mutually clamped are arranged on the first supporting plate (23) and the second supporting plate (24).

7. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating arm (111) is provided with intermediate slots (114), and all intermediate slots (114) are circularly symmetric about the antenna center point.

8. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating arm (111) is provided with a chamfer (115);

the chamfer (115) is positioned at the adjacent corners of the two radiation arms (111), and the chamfer (115) is not arranged at the corner where the bulge (112) is positioned.

9. A low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna height of the low-profile broadband high-isolation base station antenna is 1/8 of the wavelength of radiated waves.

10. A low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein said low profile broadband high isolation base station antenna is a micro base station antenna.

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