CN115723061B - Multi-angle PCD grinding tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-angle PCD grinding tool and preparation method thereofInfo
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- CN115723061B CN115723061B CN202211440391.XA CN202211440391A CN115723061B CN 115723061 B CN115723061 B CN 115723061B CN 202211440391 A CN202211440391 A CN 202211440391A CN 115723061 B CN115723061 B CN 115723061B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
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Abstract
本发明属于磨具加工技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种多角度的PCD磨具及其制备方法，多角度PCD磨具的PCD片具有正前角刃口和负前角刃口；制备方法包括步骤1：将待加工PCD磨具安装在超短脉冲激光加工装置上；步骤2：加工端面负前角刃口前刀面和端面正前角刃口后刀面；步骤3：加工圆周负前角刃口前刀面和圆周正前角刃口后刀面；步骤4：加工端面负前角刃口后刀面和端面正前角刃口前刀面；步骤5：加工圆周负前角刃口后刀面和圆周正前角刃口前刀面；步骤6：依次重复步骤2至步骤5直至所有刃口加工完毕；通过本发明，实现端面磨削和圆周磨削时正负前角交替加工，改善加工中的磨削力、磨削热、待加工件表面质量和完整性。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of abrasive tool processing, and in particular relates to a multi-angle PCD abrasive tool and a preparation method thereof. The PCD sheet of the multi-angle PCD abrasive tool has a positive rake angle cutting edge and a negative rake angle cutting edge. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1: mounting the PCD abrasive tool to be processed on an ultrashort pulse laser processing device; 2: processing the rake face of the negative rake angle cutting edge of the end face and the flank face of the positive rake angle cutting edge of the end face; 3: processing the rake face of the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge and the flank face of the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge; 4: processing the flank face of the negative rake angle cutting edge of the end face and the rake face of the positive rake angle cutting edge of the end face; 5: processing the flank face of the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge and the rake face of the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge; and 6: repeating steps 2 to 5 in sequence until all cutting edges are processed. The present invention realizes alternating processing of positive and negative rake angles during end face grinding and circumferential grinding, thereby improving the grinding force, grinding heat, and surface quality and integrity of the workpiece to be processed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding tool processing, and particularly relates to a multi-angle PCD grinding tool and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The grinding tool is a tool for grinding, lapping and polishing, most of the grinding tools are artificial grinding tools made of abrasive materials and binding agents, and also natural grinding tools directly processed by natural ore rocks, and the grinding tools are widely used in machinery manufacturing and other metal processing industries, and are also used for processing non-metal materials such as grains, paper industry, ceramics, glass, stone, plastics, rubber, wood and the like.
The existing polycrystalline diamond (PCD) grinding tool has the problem of single cutting edge, namely a simple positive rake angle cutting edge or a negative rake angle cutting edge. When the negative rake angle is ground, the workpiece material is subjected to great compressive stress, so that great normal force is caused, the normal force has a leading effect on the generation of cracks in the machining process, the generation and expansion of the cracks are caused, the quality of the surface and subsurface of the ground workpiece is affected, but the negative rake angle is not easy to break, when the positive rake angle is cut, the grinding force and specific grinding energy can be effectively reduced, the damage to the surface and subsurface of microcracks, residual stress, phase transition, dislocation, corrugation and the like of the machined workpiece can be effectively reduced, the surface integrity of the material is greatly improved, but the strength of the cutting edge is reduced, and the break is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-angle PCD grinding tool and a preparation method thereof, wherein positive and negative rake angle cutting edges are alternately processed on a PCD sheet by utilizing ultra-short pulse laser, and positive and negative rake angle alternate processing during end face grinding and circumference grinding is realized, so that the grinding force and grinding heat in processing, the quality and integrity of the surface to be processed and the processing efficiency are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention provides a multi-angle PCD grinding tool, wherein the multi-angle PCD grinding tool is arranged on a PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device for processing a cutting edge;
the multi-angle PCD grinding tool comprises a PCD sheet, wherein the PCD sheet is of an annular structure, and the end face and the circumferential outer wall of the PCD sheet are provided with a plurality of positive rake angle cutting edges and negative rake angle cutting edges;
the positive rake angle cutting edges comprise a plurality of end face positive rake angle cutting edges and a plurality of circumferential positive rake angle cutting edges, the negative rake angle cutting edges comprise a plurality of end face negative rake angle cutting edges and a plurality of circumferential negative rake angle cutting edges, the end face negative rake angle cutting edges and the end face positive rake angle cutting edges are distributed on the end face of the PCD sheet, the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edges and the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edges are distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the PCD sheet, the end face negative rake angle cutting edges and the end face positive rake angle cutting edges are adjacent cutting edges, the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edges and the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edges are adjacent cutting edges, each negative rake angle cutting edge is formed by a circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge extending from the end face negative rake angle cutting edge to the circumferential outer wall, and each positive rake angle cutting edge is formed by a circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge extending from the end face positive rake angle cutting edge to the circumferential outer wall;
The end face negative rake angle cutting edge comprises an end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and an end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief face, the end face positive rake angle cutting edge comprises an end face positive rake angle cutting edge rake face and an end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face, the circumference negative rake angle cutting edge comprises a circumference negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and a circumference negative rake angle cutting edge relief face, the circumference positive rake angle cutting edge comprises a circumference positive rake angle cutting edge rake face and a circumference positive rake angle cutting edge relief face, and the end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face, the end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief face, the end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face, the circumference negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and the circumference positive rake angle cutting edge relief face are all provided with grinding faces;
The end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge rake face form positive and negative rake angles clockwise grinding faces of the end face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool, the circumference negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and the circumference positive rake angle cutting edge rake face form positive and negative rake angles clockwise grinding faces of the circumferential face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool, the end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief face and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face form positive and negative rake angles anticlockwise grinding faces of the end face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool, and the circumference negative rake angle cutting edge relief face and the circumference positive rake angle cutting edge relief face form positive and negative rake angles anticlockwise grinding faces of the circumferential face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool.
Further, the multi-angle PCD abrasive tool also comprises a clamping structure and a metal matrix;
the bottom of the metal matrix is fixed at the top of the clamping structure in a brazing manner;
the top of the metal matrix is fixed at the bottom of the PCD sheet in a brazing manner;
the clamping structure is fixedly connected with the PCD grinding tool ultra-short pulse laser processing device.
A method of making a multi-angle PCD abrasive article as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, the method of making a multi-angle PCD abrasive article comprising:
step 1, installing a PCD grinding tool to be processed on an ultra-short pulse laser processing device of the PCD grinding tool;
Step 2, setting matched numerical control interpolation paths, laser parameters such as average power, repetition frequency and the like according to the cutting edge design interval of the PCD sheet, and processing adjacent front cutter surfaces of the end face negative rake angle cutting edge and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge;
Step 3, on the basis of the step 2, rotating a rotatable workbench to 90 degrees around an X axis, and machining the circumferential negative rake edge rake face and the circumferential positive rake edge relief face on the circumferential surface of the PCD sheet;
step 4, rotating a rotatable workbench by 180 degrees/n around a Z axis according to the designed number n of cutting edges of the PCD sheet, and processing according to the motion track of a laser beam along the end face of the PCD sheet to respectively process adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge back knife face and end face positive rake angle cutting edge front knife face;
Step 5, on the basis of the step4, rotating the rotatable workbench to 90 degrees around the X axis, returning the precise sliding table to the coordinate origin set in the step 3, and continuously processing adjacent rear tool faces of the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edges and front tool faces of the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edges on the circumferential outer wall of the PCD sheet by taking the coordinate origin as a starting point;
And 6, rotating the rotatable workbench to 0 degrees around the X axis, and sequentially repeating the steps 2 to 5 (n/2-1) until all the end face negative rake angle cutting edges, the end face positive rake angle cutting edges, the circumference negative rake angle cutting edges and the circumference positive rake angle cutting edges on the PCD sheet are processed.
Further, the processing the adjacent negative rake edge rake face and positive rake edge relief face in step 2 specifically includes:
step 2.1, processing a front cutter face of a negative rake angle cutting edge of the end face and a rear cutter face of a positive rake angle cutting edge of the end face according to the laser beam emitted by the optical rotation module;
and 2.2, after the end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge rear face which are adjacent to the end face of the PCD sheet in the step 2.1 are processed, returning the precise sliding table to the coordinate origin set in the step 1.
Further, the machining of the adjacent circumferential negative rake edge rake face and circumferential positive rake edge relief face in step 3 specifically includes:
step 3.1, rotating a rotatable workbench to 90 degrees around an X axis, enabling an annular outer wall of the PCD sheet to be positioned below an optical rotation module, enabling a light beam vertically emitted by a focusing system to be positioned at a coordinate origin, setting a matched numerical control interpolation path, laser parameters such as average power and repetition frequency of laser, and selecting the matched optical rotation module parameters such as rotation speed, prism angle and translational reflector position to start processing;
And 3.2, rotating the rotatable workbench to 0 degrees around an X axis according to the finish of the processing of the peripheral negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and the peripheral positive rake angle cutting edge relief face which are adjacent to each other on the peripheral outer wall of the PCD sheet in the step 3.1, and returning the precise sliding table to the coordinate origin set in the step 1.
Further, the laser beam has three modes of a negative taper laser beam, a zero taper laser beam and a positive taper laser beam.
Further, when the adjacent front cutter face of the negative rake angle cutting edge of the end face and the rear cutter face of the positive rake angle cutting edge of the end face are processed in the step 2, the initial laser beam adopts a negative taper laser beam, when the negative taper laser beam is processed into the rear cutter face of the positive rake angle cutting edge of the end face from a coordinate origin, the negative taper laser beam is switched into a zero taper laser beam, the zero taper laser beam moves to a set position according to a movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD piece, and the zero taper laser beam is switched into a positive taper laser beam to process the front cutter face of the negative rake angle cutting edge of the end face;
the laser beam machining mode adopted for machining the adjacent circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge rake face and circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge relief face in the step 3 is the same as that adopted in the step 2;
in the step 4, when the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge back knife face and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge front knife face are processed, the initial laser beam adopts a positive taper laser beam, and when the positive taper laser beam moves from a coordinate origin to the middle of the designed distance between the two cutting edges, the positive taper laser beam is switched into a negative taper laser beam until the positive taper laser beam is processed in place according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD sheet, and the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge back knife face and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge front knife face are respectively processed;
And (3) processing the adjacent rear tool face of the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge and the front tool face of the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge in the step (5) in the same laser beam processing mode as that in the step (4).
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
Firstly, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device is used for processing a plurality of positive rake angle cutting edges and negative rake angle cutting edges on the end face and the circumferential outer wall of a PCD sheet of the PCD grinding tool to be processed, wherein the positive rake angle cutting edges and the negative rake angle cutting edges form positive and negative rake angle alternate grinding surfaces of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool, and when the multi-angle PCD grinding tool rotates, the positive and negative rake angle cutting edges of the end face of the PCD sheet and the positive and negative rake angle cutting edges of the circumferential outer wall of the PCD sheet can be alternately cut and ground, so that the grinding force and grinding heat in the process of processing can be improved, and the surface quality, the integrity and the processing efficiency of a ground workpiece are improved;
The positive rake angle cutting edge comprises a plurality of end face positive rake angle cutting edges and a plurality of circumference positive rake angle cutting edges, the negative rake angle cutting edges comprise a plurality of end face negative rake angle cutting edges and a plurality of circumference negative rake angle cutting edges, rake faces and rear cutter faces are arranged on the end face positive rake angle cutting edges, the circumference positive rake angle cutting edges, the end face negative rake angle cutting edges and the circumference negative rake angle cutting edges, when the multi-angle PCD grinding tool rotates clockwise, positive rake angle cutting edges, circumference positive rake angle cutting edges, end face negative rake angle cutting edges and front cutter faces on the circumference negative rake angle cutting edges alternately cut and grind a workpiece to be ground, when the multi-angle PCD grinding tool rotates anticlockwise, the end face positive rake angle cutting edges, the circumference positive rake angle cutting edges, the rear cutter faces on the end face negative rake angle cutting edges and the circumference negative rake angle cutting edges alternately cut and grind the workpiece to be ground, the rear cutter faces can be switched to be used when the front cutter faces are severely worn, and the service life of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a PCD abrasive tool ultrashort pulse laser processing apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the rotatable table of the PCD abrasive article ultrashort pulse laser machining apparatus of FIG. 1 rotated 90;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a multi-angle PCD abrasive tool in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of three mode laser beams according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the machining of the negative rake edge rake face and the positive rake edge relief face of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a second schematic diagram of the processing of the negative rake edge rake face and the positive rake edge relief face of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an end face negative rake edge rake face and an end face positive rake edge relief face of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a circumferential negative rake edge rake surface and a circumferential positive rake edge relief surface of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the machining of the negative rake edge relief surface and the positive rake edge relief surface of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a second schematic drawing of the machining of the negative rake edge relief surface and the positive rake edge relief surface of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a PCD wafer after being formed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The laser comprises an A1-ultrashort pulse laser source, an A2-CCD module, an A3-reflection lens, an A4-optical rotation module, an A5-focusing system, an A6-precise coaxial blowing device, an A7-caliper, an A8-rotatable workbench, an A9-turntable, an A10-precise sliding table, a B-PCD grinding tool to be processed, A1-multi-angle PCD grinding tool, a 10-clamping structure, an 11-metal substrate, a 12-PCD sheet, a 120-end face negative angle cutting edge, a 1200-end face negative angle cutting edge front edge, a 1201-end face negative angle cutting edge rear edge, a 121-end face positive angle cutting edge, 1210-end face positive angle cutting edge front edge, 1211-end face positive angle cutting edge rear edge, 122-circumference negative angle cutting edge front edge, 1220-circumference negative angle cutting edge rear edge, 123-circumference positive angle cutting edge front edge, 1230-circumference positive angle cutting edge front edge, 1231-circumference positive angle rear edge.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The PCD grinding tool with multiple angles and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention are characterized in that the PCD grinding tool to be processed is arranged on a PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device, and the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device is used for carrying out cutting edge processing on the PCD grinding tool to be processed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device comprises an ultrashort pulse laser light source A1, a CCD module A2, a reflection lens A3, an optical rotation module A4, a focusing system A5, a precise coaxial blowing device A6, a caliper A7, a rotatable workbench A8, a turntable body A9 and a precise sliding table a10. The PCD grinding tool B to be processed is fixedly arranged on the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device.
The coordinates in fig. 1 represent the current position coordinates of the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device.
The turntable body A9 has a rotation axis perpendicular to the XOY plane and perpendicular to the YOZ plane, and the rotation axis perpendicular to the XOY plane rotates around the coordinate Z axis and the rotation axis perpendicular to the YOZ plane rotates around the coordinate X axis.
The rotary workbench A8 is arranged on a rotary shaft of the rotary table body A9 perpendicular to the XOY plane, the PCD grinding tool B to be processed is fixed on the rotary workbench A8 through the calipers A7, and the rotary workbench A9 is rotated by the rotary shaft perpendicular to the XOY plane and the YOZ plane to drive the PCD grinding tool B to be processed on the rotary workbench A8 to rotate around the Z axis and the X axis respectively.
The optical rotation module A4 and the focusing system A5 are fixed on the precise sliding table A10, the precise sliding table A10 can move up and down along the Z-axis direction, the surface of a part to be processed is ensured to be positioned at the laser focal plane, and meanwhile, the precise sliding table A10 moves along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction through a precise guide rail.
The motion of the precise sliding table A10 along the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis and the rotation of the rotatable workbench A8 around the Z axis and the X axis are controlled by a numerical control system and a servo motor of the PCD grinding tool ultra-short pulse laser processing device, so that multi-axis linkage can be realized, and the high automation of processing is ensured.
The bottom of accurate slip table A10 is fixed with the focusing system A5 of horizontal installation through the support, and accurate coaxial blowing device A6 is located the bottom of focusing system A5, and the processing area of waiting to process PCD grinding apparatus B is located the below of accurate coaxial blowing device A6, and accurate coaxial blowing device A6 is used for blowing inert gas to waiting to process the processing area of PCD grinding apparatus B, can effectually keep off oxygen, avoids material surface high temperature rotten, gets rid of gasification and cracked material rapidly, guarantees material machining efficiency and processingquality.
The upper part of the precise sliding table A10 is provided with an optical rotation module A4, an ultrashort pulse laser light source A1 emits pulse laser, the pulse laser is reflected by a reflecting lens A3 and enters the optical rotation module A4, a CCD module A2 monitors the processing process in real time, laser emitted from the optical rotation module A4 is focused by a focusing system A5, a focused laser spot moves circularly on a processing surface of the PCD grinding tool B to be processed at a high speed to form rotary cutting, the energy distribution in the whole radiation area can be ensured to be uniform by the laser rotating at a high speed, and the influence of the polarization of the light beam and the shape of the spot on the processing area is reduced.
As shown in fig. 3 and 11, according to the multi-angle PCD grinding tool and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention, the PCD grinding tool B to be processed is processed by the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device and is converted into the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1. The multi-angle PCD abrasive article 1 comprises a holding structure 10, a metal substrate 11 and a PCD wafer 12.
The PCD grinding tool 1 is of a cylindrical structure, the bottom of the metal substrate 11 is fixed on the top of the clamping structure 10 in a brazing manner, and the bottom of the PCD wafer 12 is fixed on the top of the metal substrate 11 in a brazing manner.
The PCD sheet 12 is provided with a plurality of multi-angle cutting edges for alternately cutting and grinding positive and negative rake angles during end face grinding and circumferential grinding, and the PCD sheet 12 is fixed in a caliper A7 of the PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device through a clamping part 10 when the multi-angle cutting edges are processed.
The PCD wafer 12 has an annular structure, and the PCD wafer 12 comprises a plurality of negative rake edges 120, a plurality of positive rake edges 121, a plurality of negative rake edges 122 and a plurality of positive rake edges 123, wherein the negative rake edges 120 and the positive rake edges 121 are adjacent edges, and the negative rake edges 122 and the positive rake edges 123 are adjacent edges.
The distribution pattern between each edge on the PCD wafer 12 is set according to the requirement, a plurality of negative rake edges 120 and a plurality of positive rake edges 121 are distributed on the end face of the PCD wafer 12, and a plurality of negative rake edges 122 and a plurality of positive rake edges 123 are distributed on the circumferential outer wall of the annular structure.
Each negative rake edge on the PCD wafer 12 is comprised of a face negative rake edge 120 extending to a circumferential negative rake edge 122 of the outer wall of the annular structure, and each positive rake edge on the PCD wafer 12 is comprised of a face positive rake edge 121 extending to a circumferential positive rake edge 123 of the outer wall of the annular structure.
The negative rake edge 120 includes a negative rake edge rake face 1200 and a negative rake edge relief face 1201, the positive rake edge 121 includes a positive rake edge rake face 1210 and a positive rake edge relief face 1211, the negative rake edge 122 includes a negative rake edge rake face 1220 and a negative rake edge relief face 1221, and the positive rake edge 123 includes a positive rake edge rake face 1230 and a positive rake edge relief face 1231.
The negative rake edge rake face 1200, the negative rake edge relief face 1201, the positive rake edge rake face 1210, the positive rake edge relief face 1211, the negative rake edge rake face 1220, the negative rake edge relief face 1221, the positive rake edge rake face 1230, and the positive rake edge relief face 1231 all have ground surfaces.
When the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1 rotates clockwise by using the end face, the end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1200 and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge rake face 1210 realize the alternate grinding of the positive rake angle cutting face and the negative rake angle cutting face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1, and when the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1 rotates clockwise by using the annular outer wall, the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1220 and the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge rake face 1230 realize the alternate grinding of the positive rake angle cutting face and the negative rake angle cutting face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1.
When the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1 rotates anticlockwise with the end face, the end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1201 and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1211 realize the alternate grinding of the positive rake angle cutting surface and the negative rake angle cutting surface of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1, and when the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1 rotates anticlockwise with the annular outer wall, the circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1221 and the circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1231 realize the alternate grinding of the positive rake angle cutting surface and the negative rake angle cutting surface of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1.
The positive and negative rake angle alternate grinding can improve the grinding force and the grinding heat in the processing, the quality and the integrity of the surface to be processed and the processing efficiency.
The end face of the multi-angle PCD grinding tool 1 and the cutting edge on the annular outer wall can participate in grinding at the same time.
The invention provides a multi-angle PCD grinding tool and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
and 1, mounting the PCD grinding tool B to be processed on a PCD grinding tool ultrashort pulse laser processing device.
The clamping part 10 is fixed on the rotatable workbench A8 through the clamp A7, the position of the precise sliding table A10 is adjusted, the light beam vertically emitted by the focusing system A5 is tangential to the annular outer wall of the PCD sheet 12, and the tangential point is recorded as the origin of coordinates.
Step 2, according to the cutting edge design interval of the PCD sheet 12, setting the matched numerical control interpolation path, laser parameters such as average power, repetition frequency and the like of the laser, and processing the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1200 and end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face 1211.
Step 2.1, processing the front surface 1200 of the negative rake angle cutting edge and the rear surface 1211 of the positive rake angle cutting edge according to the laser beam emitted by the optical rotation module A4.
As shown in fig. 4, the laser beam emitted from the optical rotation module A4 has three modes, and the optical rotation module parameters such as the rotation speed, the prism angle, the position of the translation mirror, and the like, which are matched, are selected, and the cutting edge with the set angle is processed on the end surface of the PCD wafer 12.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the laser beam emitted from the optical rotation module A4 adopts two modes, the initial laser beam adopts a negative taper laser beam, and when the negative taper laser beam moves from the origin of coordinates to the middle of the design distance between the two cutting edges, the negative taper laser beam is switched to a positive taper laser beam until the laser beam is processed in place according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD wafer 12, and the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1200 and end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face 1211 are respectively processed.
In another implementation, as shown in fig. 6, the laser beam emitted from the optical rotation module A4 adopts three modes, the initial laser beam adopts a negative taper laser beam, and after the negative taper laser beam processes the end face positive rake edge relief surface 1211 from the origin of coordinates, the negative taper laser beam is switched to a zero taper laser beam, and the zero taper laser beam moves to a set position according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD wafer 12, and is switched to a positive taper laser beam to process the end face negative rake edge relief surface 1200.
Step 2.2. After the end face negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1200 and the end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief face 1211, which are adjacent to the end face of the PCD wafer 12 in step 2.1, are processed, the precision sliding table a10 returns to the origin of coordinates set in step 1.
Step 3, based on step 2, the rotatable table A8 is rotated about the X-axis to 90 ° and adjacent circumferential negative rake edge rake faces 1220 and circumferential positive rake edge relief faces 1231 are machined on the circumferential surface of the PCD wafer 12.
And 3.1, rotating the rotatable workbench A8 to 90 degrees around the X axis, enabling the annular outer wall of the PCD sheet 12 to be positioned below the optical rotation module A4, enabling the light beam vertically emitted by the focusing system A5 to be positioned at the origin of coordinates, setting a matched numerical control interpolation path, laser parameters such as laser average power, repetition frequency and the like, and selecting optical rotation module parameters such as matched rotation speed, prism angle, translational reflector position and the like.
As shown in fig. 7, the laser beam exiting through the optical rotation module A4 continues to process the circumferential negative rake edge rake face 1220 and the circumferential positive rake edge relief face 1231 on the annular outer wall of the PCD wafer 12 with the origin of coordinates as a starting point. The circumferential negative rake edge rake face 1220 extends from the edge of the end face negative rake edge rake face 1200 to the annular structure outer wall, and the circumferential positive rake edge relief face 1231 extends from the edge of the end face positive rake edge relief face 1211 to the annular structure outer wall.
In step 3, the laser beam machining method used for machining the adjacent circumferential negative rake edge rake face 1220 and circumferential positive rake edge relief face 1231 is the same as that used in step 2.
And 3.2, rotating the rotatable workbench A8 to 0 degrees around the X axis according to the finish of the processing of the adjacent circumferential negative rake angle cutting edge rake face 1220 and circumferential positive rake angle cutting edge relief face 1231 on the annular outer wall of the PCD sheet 12 in the step 3.1, and returning the precise sliding table A10 to the coordinate origin set in the step 1.
And 4, rotating the rotatable workbench A8 by 180 degrees/n around the Z axis according to the designed cutting edge number n of the PCD sheet 12, and processing according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD sheet 12 to respectively process the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge back tool face 1201 and end face positive rake angle cutting edge front tool face 1210.
After the end face negative rake edge relief surface 1201 and the end face positive rake edge relief surface 1210 of the PCD wafer 12, which are adjacent to the end face, are processed, the precision sliding table a10 returns to the origin of coordinates set in step 1.
The operation method of step 4 is the same as that of step 2, and differs from that of step 2 in that the mode of the initial laser beam and the mode of the laser beam at the end are different.
As shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, the laser beam emitted from the optical rotation module A4 adopts two modes, the initial laser beam adopts a positive taper laser beam, and when the positive taper laser beam moves from the origin of coordinates to the middle of the design distance between the two cutting edges, the positive taper laser beam is switched to a negative taper laser beam until the laser beam is processed in place according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD wafer 12, and the adjacent end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1201 and end face positive rake angle cutting edge rake surface 1210 are respectively processed.
In another implementation, as shown in fig. 8, the laser beam emitted from the optical rotation module A4 adopts three modes, the initial laser beam adopts a positive taper laser beam, and after the positive taper laser beam processes the end face negative rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1201 from the origin of coordinates, the positive taper laser beam is switched to a zero taper laser beam, and the zero taper laser beam moves to a set position according to the movement track of the laser beam along the end face of the PCD wafer 12, and is switched to a negative taper laser beam to process the end face positive rake angle cutting edge relief surface 1210.
And 5, rotating the rotatable workbench A8 to 90 degrees around the X axis on the basis of the step 4, and returning the precise sliding table A10 to the origin of coordinates set in the step 3. Adjacent circumferential negative rake edge relief rake surfaces 1221 and circumferential positive rake edge relief rake surfaces 1230 continue to be machined into the annular outer wall of the PCD wafer 12 from the origin of coordinates.
After the machining of the circumferential negative rake edge relief surface 1221 and the circumferential positive rake edge relief surface 1230 of the annular outer wall of the PCD wafer 12 is completed, the precision sliding table a10 returns to the origin of coordinates set in step 1.
And 6, rotating the rotatable workbench A8 to 0 degrees around the X axis, and sequentially repeating the steps 2 to 5 (n/2-1) until all the end face negative rake angle cutting edges 120, the end face positive rake angle cutting edges 121, the circumference negative rake angle cutting edges 122 and the circumference positive rake angle cutting edges 123 on the PCD sheet 12 are processed.
As shown in fig. 9, the positive and negative rake edges after machining are distributed across the end face and annular outer wall of the PCD wafer 12.
In the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and the terms "connected" may be, for example, a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection, and the terms "connected" may be directly or indirectly connected through an intermediary. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The shapes of the various components in the drawings are illustrative, and do not exclude certain differences from the actual shapes thereof, and the drawings are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Although the invention has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the application of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents of the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (7)
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