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CN115798294A - Emergency plan generation system and method for dealing with emergency events aiming at material storage - Google Patents

Emergency plan generation system and method for dealing with emergency events aiming at material storage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115798294A
CN115798294A CN202211634186.7A CN202211634186A CN115798294A CN 115798294 A CN115798294 A CN 115798294A CN 202211634186 A CN202211634186 A CN 202211634186A CN 115798294 A CN115798294 A CN 115798294A
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plan
emergency
drilling
management
simulation
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李世瑜
邵宇
于昕
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Aisino Corp
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Aisino Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency plan generating system and method for dealing with emergencies for material storage. The method comprises the following steps: generating an emergency plan according to basic information of material storage; the simulation drilling management is used for designating a drilling scheme according to the emergency plan, performing three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training drilling and determining a simulation drilling result; and the drilling effect analysis is used for analyzing the simulation drilling result, optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result and determining the optimized emergency plan.

Description

针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统及方法System and method for generating emergency plan for material reserves in response to emergencies

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及突发事件应急预案技术领域,并且更具体地,涉及一种针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统及方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of contingency plans for emergencies, and more particularly, to a system and method for generating contingency plans for material reserves to deal with emergencies.

背景技术Background technique

随着信息技术的发展,大数据时代的到来,各物资储备单位应对突发事件的情形越来越多样,越来越频繁,途径也越来越丰富。所以如何快速的应对突发事件中物资合理调配的预案相关的工作要求越来越高。With the development of information technology and the advent of the era of big data, the situations of various material reserve units to deal with emergencies are becoming more and more diverse, more frequent and more abundant. Therefore, how to quickly respond to emergencies, and the requirements for the work related to the plan for the rational allocation of materials in emergencies are getting higher and higher.

应急预案管理是日常应对突发事件、风险,建立指挥管理应急机制和提升战时指挥能力的重要功能。根据国家一案三制要求,预案系统可对已有预案进行数字化管理,将已有预案在系统中分类存储并提供查询功能。Emergency plan management is an important function for daily response to emergencies and risks, establishment of command management emergency mechanism and improvement of wartime command capabilities. According to the national requirements of one case and three systems, the contingency plan system can digitally manage the existing contingency plans, store the existing contingency plans in the system and provide query functions.

发明内容Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统及方法。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a system and method for generating an emergency plan for material reserves to deal with emergencies.

根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统,包括:According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a kind of contingency plan generation system for material reserves to deal with emergencies, including:

应急预案管理、模拟演练管理以及演练效果分析,其中Emergency plan management, simulation drill management and drill effect analysis, of which

应急预案管理用于根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案;Emergency plan management is used to generate emergency plans based on the basic information of material reserves;

模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果;The simulation drill management is used to designate the drill plan according to the emergency plan, conduct 3D electronic sand table deduction and practical training drills, and determine the simulation drill results;

演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Drill effect analysis is used to analyze the simulation drill results, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

可选地,应急预案管理包括Optionally, emergency plan management includes

基础信息管理模块由应急预案管理、应急人员库、应急物资调用、应急物资供应商调用、GIS地图管理、GIS上图及应急预案行动管理、权限管理组成,用于实现基础信息的管理;The basic information management module is composed of emergency plan management, emergency personnel database, emergency material call, emergency material supplier call, GIS map management, GIS map and emergency plan action management, authority management, and is used to realize the management of basic information;

基础预案编制模块由预案编制组成,用于生成基础预案;The basic plan preparation module is composed of plan preparation, which is used to generate the basic plan;

物资调配预案模块用于根据编制完的基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对基础预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案;The material allocation plan module is used to arrange the allocation of materials in the basic plan according to the prepared basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, and form a material loading plan;

应急预案发布模块由预案生成、预案发布和预案调用组成,用于实现应急预案的发布。The emergency plan release module is composed of plan generation, plan release and plan call, and is used to realize the release of emergency plans.

可选地,模拟演练管理包括:Optionally, simulation exercise management includes:

制定演练方案模块用于根据应急预案设置的突发事件,确定演练方案;The module of formulating drill plan is used to determine the drill plan according to the emergencies set in the emergency plan;

发布演练实例模块用于根据演练方案进行演练实例发布;The module of publishing drill instances is used to release drill instances according to the drill plan;

三维电子沙盘推演模块用于按照不同的演练实例进行三维电子沙盘推演;The 3D electronic sand table deduction module is used to conduct 3D electronic sand table deduction according to different drill examples;

实训演练模块用于按照突发事件情景以及发展情景进行实训演练,并确定模拟演练结果。The training drill module is used to conduct training drills according to emergency scenarios and development scenarios, and determine the simulation drill results.

可选地,演练效果分析模块包括:Optionally, the exercise effect analysis module includes:

指标分析模块用于通过多维度的分析方法对模拟演练结果进行检验,确定实际效果;The indicator analysis module is used to test the results of the simulation exercise through multi-dimensional analysis methods to determine the actual effect;

演练总结模块用于对模拟演练进行演练总结;The drill summary module is used to summarize the simulation drill;

预案完善模块用于对多种演练的实际效果以及演练总结进行分析,根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。The plan improvement module is used to analyze the actual effect of various drills and the summary of the drill, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

根据本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成方法,包括:According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for generating an emergency plan for material reserves to deal with emergencies, including:

根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案;Generate emergency plans based on the basic information of material reserves;

模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果;The simulation drill management is used to designate the drill plan according to the emergency plan, conduct 3D electronic sand table deduction and practical training drills, and determine the simulation drill results;

演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Drill effect analysis is used to analyze the simulation drill results, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

可选地,根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案的操作,包括:Optionally, the operation of generating an emergency plan based on the basic information of material reserves includes:

对物资储备的基础信息进行预案编制,生成基础预案;Make a plan for the basic information of material reserves, and generate a basic plan;

根据基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对基础预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案;According to the basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, the materials in the basic plan are allocated and arranged to form a material loading plan;

根据物资装载预案,进行应急预案的发布。Release the emergency plan according to the material loading plan.

可选地,模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果的操作,包括:Optionally, the simulation exercise management is used to designate the exercise plan according to the emergency plan, conduct three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training exercises, and determine the operation of the results of the simulation exercise, including:

根据发布的应急预案设置的突发事件,确定演练方案;Determine the drill plan according to the emergencies set in the published emergency plan;

根据演练方案进行演练实例发布;Release the drill instance according to the drill plan;

按照不同的演练实例进行三维电子沙盘推演;Carry out three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction according to different drill examples;

按照突发事件情景以及发展情景进行实训演练,并确定模拟演练结果。Carry out practical training drills according to emergency scenarios and development scenarios, and determine the results of simulation drills.

可选地,演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案的操作,包括:Optionally, the drill effect analysis is used to analyze the results of the simulation drill, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the operation of optimizing the emergency plan, including:

通过多维度的分析方法对模拟演练结果进行检验,确定实际效果;Test the results of the simulation exercise through multi-dimensional analysis methods to determine the actual effect;

对模拟演练进行演练总结;Conduct a summary of the simulation exercise;

对多种演练的实际效果以及演练总结进行分析,根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Analyze the actual effects of various drills and the drill summary, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序用于执行本发明上述任一方面所述的方法。According to still another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is used to execute the method described in any one of the above aspects of the present invention.

根据本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种电子设备,所述电子设备包括:处理器;用于存储所述处理器可执行指令的存储器;所述处理器,用于从所述存储器中读取所述可执行指令,并执行所述指令以实现本发明上述任一方面所述的方法。According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, and the electronic device includes: a processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; the processor is used for reading from the memory fetching the executable instructions, and executing the instructions to implement the method described in any one of the above aspects of the present invention.

从而,本发明针对物资储备应急预案的主要流程抽象形成通用的一套线上的一种可动态配置的原系统,能够更加灵活、高效的调用应急预案,快速完成突发事件的物资调配。。Therefore, the present invention abstracts the main process of the material reserve emergency plan to form a general set of online and dynamically configurable original system, which can call the emergency plan more flexibly and efficiently, and quickly complete the material allocation of emergencies. .

附图说明Description of drawings

通过参考下面的附图,可以更为完整地理解本发明的示例性实施方式:A more complete understanding of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention can be had by referring to the following drawings:

图1是本发明一示例性实施例提供的针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成方法的流程示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an emergency plan generation method for material reserves to deal with emergencies provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图2是本发明一示例性实施例提供的针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统的示意图;2 is a schematic diagram of an emergency plan generation system for material reserves to deal with emergencies provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图3是本发明一示例性实施例提供的应急预案系统功能框架图;Fig. 3 is a functional framework diagram of the emergency plan system provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图4是本发明一示例性实施例提供的应急预案管理子系统模块交互图;Fig. 4 is an interactive diagram of the emergency plan management subsystem module provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图5是本发明一示例性实施例提供的应急预案优化示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of emergency plan optimization provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图6是本发明一示例性实施例提供的应急预案模型示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an emergency plan model provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图7是本发明一示例性实施例提供的突发事件演练图;Fig. 7 is an emergency rehearsal diagram provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

图8是本发明一示例性实施例提供的电子设备的结构。Fig. 8 is a structure of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面,将参考附图详细地描述根据本发明的示例实施例。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是本发明的全部实施例,应理解,本发明不受这里描述的示例实施例的限制。Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited by the exemplary embodiments described here.

应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。It should be noted that the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.

本领域技术人员可以理解,本发明实施例中的“第一”、“第二”等术语仅用于区别不同步骤、设备或模块等,既不代表任何特定技术含义,也不表示它们之间的必然逻辑顺序。Those skilled in the art can understand that terms such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish different steps, devices or modules, etc. necessary logical sequence.

还应理解,在本发明实施例中,“多个”可以指两个或两个以上,“至少一个”可以指一个、两个或两个以上。It should also be understood that in the embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" may refer to two or more than two, and "at least one" may refer to one, two or more than two.

还应理解,对于本发明实施例中提及的任一部件、数据或结构,在没有明确限定或者在前后文给出相反启示的情况下,一般可以理解为一个或多个。It should also be understood that for any component, data or structure mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention, it can generally be understood as one or more unless there is a clear limitation or a contrary suggestion is given in the context.

另外,本发明中术语“和/或”,仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B这三种情况。另外,本发明中字符“/”,一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。In addition, the term "and/or" in the present invention is only an association relationship describing associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and/or B may indicate: A exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time , there are three cases of B alone. In addition, the character "/" in the present invention generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship.

还应理解,本发明对各个实施例的描述着重强调各个实施例之间的不同之处,其相同或相似之处可以相互参考,为了简洁,不再一一赘述。It should also be understood that the description of the various embodiments of the present invention emphasizes the differences between the various embodiments, and the same or similar points can be referred to each other, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated one by one.

同时,应当明白,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。At the same time, it should be understood that, for the convenience of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship.

以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and in no way taken as limiting the invention, its application or uses.

对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。Techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, techniques, methods and devices should be considered part of the description.

应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further discussion in subsequent figures.

本发明实施例可以应用于终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备,其可与众多其它通用或专用计算系统环境或配置一起操作。适于与终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备一起使用的众所周知的终端设备、计算系统、环境和/或配置的例子包括但不限于:个人计算机系统、服务器计算机系统、瘦客户机、厚客户机、手持或膝上设备、基于微处理器的系统、机顶盒、可编程消费电子产品、网络个人电脑、小型计算机系统﹑大型计算机系统和包括上述任何系统的分布式云计算技术环境,等等。Embodiments of the present invention can be applied to electronic equipment such as terminal equipment, computer systems, servers, etc., which can operate with many other general-purpose or special-purpose computing system environments or configurations. Examples of well known terminal devices, computing systems, environments and/or configurations suitable for use with electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, servers include, but are not limited to: personal computer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick client Computers, handheld or laptop devices, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, networked personal computers, minicomputer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloud computing technology environments including any of the foregoing, etc.

终端设备、计算机系统、服务器等电子设备可以在由计算机系统执行的计算机系统可执行指令(诸如程序模块)的一般语境下描述。通常,程序模块可以包括例程、程序、目标程序、组件、逻辑、数据结构等等,它们执行特定的任务或者实现特定的抽象数据类型。计算机系统/服务器可以在分布式云计算环境中实施,分布式云计算环境中,任务是由通过通信网络链接的远程处理设备执行的。在分布式云计算环境中,程序模块可以位于包括存储设备的本地或远程计算系统存储介质上。Electronic devices such as terminal devices, computer systems, servers, etc. may be described in the general context of computer system-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by the computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The computer system/server can be practiced in distributed cloud computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computing system storage media including storage devices.

示例性方法exemplary method

图1是本发明一示例性实施例提供的针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成方法的流程示意图。本实施例可应用在电子设备上,如图1所示,针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成方法100包括以下步骤:Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating an emergency plan for material reserves to deal with emergencies provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment can be applied to electronic devices. As shown in FIG. 1 , the emergency plan generation method 100 for material reserves to deal with emergencies includes the following steps:

步骤101,根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案;Step 101, generating an emergency plan according to the basic information of material reserves;

步骤102,模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果;Step 102, the simulation exercise management is used to specify the exercise plan according to the emergency plan, and conduct three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training exercises, and determine the results of the simulation exercise;

步骤103,演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Step 103, the drill effect analysis is used to analyze the simulation drill results, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

可选地,根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案的操作,包括:Optionally, the operation of generating an emergency plan based on the basic information of material reserves includes:

对物资储备的基础信息进行预案编制,生成基础预案;Make a plan for the basic information of material reserves, and generate a basic plan;

根据基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对基础预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案;According to the basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, the materials in the basic plan are allocated and arranged to form a material loading plan;

根据物资装载预案,进行应急预案的发布。Release the emergency plan according to the material loading plan.

可选地,模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果的操作,包括:Optionally, the simulation exercise management is used to designate the exercise plan according to the emergency plan, conduct three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training exercises, and determine the operation of the results of the simulation exercise, including:

根据发布的应急预案设置的突发事件,确定演练方案;Determine the drill plan according to the emergencies set in the published emergency plan;

根据演练方案进行演练实例发布;Release the drill instance according to the drill plan;

按照不同的演练实例进行三维电子沙盘推演;Carry out three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction according to different drill examples;

按照突发事件情景以及发展情景进行实训演练,并确定模拟演练结果。Carry out practical training drills according to emergency scenarios and development scenarios, and determine the results of simulation drills.

可选地,演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案的操作,包括:Optionally, the drill effect analysis is used to analyze the results of the simulation drill, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the operation of optimizing the emergency plan, including:

通过多维度的分析方法对模拟演练结果进行检验,确定实际效果;Test the results of the simulation exercise through multi-dimensional analysis methods to determine the actual effect;

对模拟演练进行演练总结;Conduct a summary of the simulation exercise;

对多种演练的实际效果以及演练总结进行分析,根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Analyze the actual effects of various drills and the drill summary, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

具体地,应急预案管理是应对风险、建立应急机制和应急能力的重要管理手段,当事件发生时,能够实现以预案为驱动,快速建立协同有序的联动处置能力。应急预案系统包括三个模块:应急预案管理、模拟演练管理以及演练效果分析。Specifically, emergency plan management is an important management method to deal with risks and establish emergency mechanism and emergency response capabilities. When an event occurs, it can be driven by the plan and quickly establish a coordinated and orderly linkage response capability. The emergency plan system includes three modules: emergency plan management, simulation drill management, and drill effect analysis.

应急预案管理是以预案为核心,对预案进行编制、发布和调用全过程的管理。系统对预案信息分为基础信息、预案执行的任务清单、调派方案、疏散方案、响应流程几类进行管理,将预案相关信息进行结构化解析。并且可将预案中的任务进行结构化处理后关联处置负责人,在指挥调度时可根据关联人员将预案中的任务一键下发。此外预案还可在事前对调派方案、疏散方案、响应流程进行先期编制,当事件发生时可快速按照预案进行调派、疏散、响应。Emergency plan management takes the plan as the core, and manages the whole process of preparation, release and deployment of the plan. The system manages contingency plan information by dividing it into basic information, task list for contingency plan execution, dispatch plan, evacuation plan, and response process, and conducts structured analysis of contingency plan related information. In addition, the tasks in the plan can be structured and then associated with the person in charge of the disposal. When commanding and dispatching, the tasks in the plan can be issued with one click according to the associated personnel. In addition, the contingency plan can also be prepared in advance for the dispatch plan, evacuation plan, and response process. When an event occurs, the dispatch, evacuation, and response can be quickly carried out according to the plan.

系统支持应急预案的分级管理,可对预案进行级别设置,在指挥时可根据不同的响应级别启动不同级别的预案。The system supports the hierarchical management of emergency plans, and can set the level of the plan, and can start different levels of plans according to different response levels during command.

模拟演练管理是通过制定演练方案,收集演练结果反馈和评价,提升应急处置能力、应急响应的效率。通过历次演练总结沉淀的数据,通过大数据挖掘,为真实应急场景推荐科学合理的应急调拨方案,供领导决策。Simulation drill management is to improve emergency response capabilities and emergency response efficiency by formulating drill plans, collecting feedback and evaluation of drill results. Summarize the accumulated data through previous drills, and recommend scientific and reasonable emergency allocation plans for real emergency scenarios through big data mining for leaders to make decisions.

演练效果分析是针对具体任务或事件的研判过程和处置结果进行分析。对于某一特定事件,相关处置人员可查看上一级部门相关决策意见,及关联人员对事件的处置信息等,并对该事件做出快速处置。通过效果分析,给出事件处置效果分析结论。Drill effect analysis is to analyze the judgment process and disposal results of specific tasks or events. For a specific event, the relevant disposal personnel can check the relevant decision-making opinions of the upper-level department and the disposal information of the related personnel on the event, and make a quick disposal of the event. Through the effect analysis, the event disposal effect analysis conclusion is given.

系统操作流程分为以下步骤,参考图2-图7所示:The system operation process is divided into the following steps, as shown in Figure 2-Figure 7:

1.基础信息管理:创建应急预案模型并配置应急人员库、协调应急物资调用、协调应急物资供应商调用、可在GIS地图上进行定位管理、为应急人员配置权限等。1. Basic information management: create an emergency plan model and configure emergency personnel database, coordinate emergency material call, coordinate emergency material supplier call, can perform location management on GIS map, configure permissions for emergency personnel, etc.

2.基础预案编制:对预案模型进行编辑、任务配置、协同部门配置、资源配置等操作,按照各类突发公共事件的性质、严重程度、可控性和影响范围等因素进行分级。2. Basic contingency plan preparation: edit the contingency plan model, configure tasks, configure coordination departments, and allocate resources, etc., and classify various public emergencies according to the nature, severity, controllability, and scope of influence of various public emergencies.

3.调配预案:根据编制完的基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对预案里物资进行调配运输安排,形成物资装载预案。3. Deployment plan: According to the compiled basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, the materials in the plan are allocated and transported to form a material loading plan.

4.应急预案发布:对配置好的预案模型进行发布,发布后的预案在发生紧急情况时,通过智能研判优选出有效的预案供决策者选择。4. Release of emergency plan: release the configured plan model, and when an emergency occurs, an effective plan will be selected through intelligent research and judgment for decision makers to choose.

5.制定演练方案:编写突发事件(总体策划),在地图上模拟应急地点需要应急调度物资,以需要的地点、时间、应急事件类型级别、物资品种和数量为总体需求,从预案库中生成演练方案。5. Formulate a drill plan: write an emergency (overall plan), simulate the emergency location on the map that needs emergency dispatch materials, take the required location, time, emergency event type level, material variety and quantity as the overall demand, and select from the plan library Generate exercise scenarios.

6.发布演练实例:对演练方案进行发布。6. Publish the drill instance: publish the drill plan.

7.三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练:按照不同应急场景、通过灵活设置多种因素,模拟事件影响展开三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练。7. Three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training drills: According to different emergency scenarios, through flexible setting of various factors, simulating the impact of events to carry out three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training drills.

8.演练总结:观察和记录演练活动,比较演练人员表现与演练目标要求,提出演练发现的问题形成演练评估报告。8. Drill summary: observe and record the drill activities, compare the performance of the drillers with the drill target requirements, raise the problems found in the drill and form a drill evaluation report.

9.预案完善:针对多种演练的结果,找出最佳最优方案,对原来的预案进行调整、修改和完善,使之更加符合实战的需要。9. Improvement of the plan: According to the results of various drills, find out the best optimal plan, adjust, modify and improve the original plan to make it more in line with the needs of actual combat.

参考图2-图7所示,系统功能涵盖以下内容:Referring to Figure 2-Figure 7, the system functions cover the following contents:

一、应急预案管理1. Emergency plan management

实现预案处置流程快速配置和应急资源快速配置,推动预案数字化。当事件发生时,能够切实实现以预案为驱动,快速建立协同有序的联动处置能力。预案管理功能设计分成四个模块:基础信息管理、基础预案编制、物资调配预案和应急预案发布。Realize the rapid configuration of the contingency plan disposal process and the rapid allocation of emergency resources, and promote the digitization of the contingency plan. When an incident occurs, it can effectively realize the plan-driven and quickly establish a coordinated and orderly linkage disposal capability. The plan management function design is divided into four modules: basic information management, basic plan preparation, material allocation plan and emergency plan release.

基础信息管理由应急预案管理、应急人员库、应急物资调用、应急物资供应商调用、GIS地图管理、GIS上图及应急预案行动管理、权限管理组成。Basic information management consists of emergency plan management, emergency personnel database, emergency material call, emergency material supplier call, GIS map management, GIS map and emergency plan action management, authority management.

基础预案编制由预案编制组成。Basic plan preparation is composed of plan preparation.

调配预案根据编制完的基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案。Allocation plan According to the prepared basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, the materials in the plan are allocated and arranged to form a material loading plan.

应急预案发布由预案生成、预案发布和预案调用组成。Release of emergency plan consists of plan generation, plan release and plan call.

1、基础信息管理,如图2所示1. Basic information management, as shown in Figure 2

1).应急档案管理1). Emergency file management

针对不同的自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生等应急事件类别和等级,提供应急预案编制模板和自主录入向导。操作人员可以在模板快速录入已有的应急、医疗卫生等部门信息,形成应急预案以供调用,并支持修改维护及迭代更新。系统预案通过对各类预案进行编制和修订,完善各类预案详细信息,如预案分属类别、预案编码、版本号、编制单位、发布单位、发布时间、启用状态、适用区域、修订时间、修订周期等。系统支持纸质预案的数字化及管理。For different types and levels of emergency events such as natural disasters, accident disasters, and public health, provide emergency plan preparation templates and self-entry wizards. Operators can quickly enter the existing emergency, medical and health department information in the template, form an emergency plan for calling, and support modification, maintenance and iterative updates. The system plan prepares and revises various plans, and improves the detailed information of various plans, such as the category of the plan, the code of the plan, the version number, the compilation unit, the release unit, the release time, the activation status, the applicable area, the revision time, the revision cycle etc. The system supports digitization and management of paper-based plans.

系统预案由预案生成器完成,包括预案版本管理、预案参数设置、预案组织架构管理、预案预警等级管理、预案预警流程管理、预案突发事件响应等级管理、预案突发事件响应流程管理、预案目录管理、预案文档生成与导出等功能。The system plan is completed by the plan generator, including plan version management, plan parameter setting, plan organizational structure management, plan warning level management, plan warning process management, plan emergency response level management, plan emergency response process management, and plan catalog Management, planning document generation and export functions.

通过录入相关部门基础文本预案,针对不同应急场景类型及等级生成对应的物资调配及运送预案流程,同时配合角色管理和责任到人的通讯录管理,通过评审、备案、演练、优化,不断更新迭代,逐步形成种类齐全的应急预案库。By entering the basic text plan of relevant departments, the corresponding material allocation and transportation plan process will be generated for different types and levels of emergency scenarios. At the same time, it will cooperate with role management and responsibility-to-person address book management. Through review, filing, drills, and optimization, it will be continuously updated and iterated , and gradually form a full range of emergency plans library.

应急档案管理分类为以下三类:Emergency file management is classified into the following three categories:

第一类,政策文件库,国家及我省市区县发布的政策类文件及相关的会议纪要,文档规格式为PDF及WORD格式;The first category, the policy document library, policy documents and related meeting minutes issued by the country and our province, city and county, the document format is PDF and WORD format;

第二类,预案库:不同部门编制的数字化应急预案,文档规格式为PDF及WORD格式;第三类,实例库:根据场景或者已经发生过的紧急事件编制的实例型预案,文档规格式为PDF、WORD、视频格式、互动软件形式(可自动播放)等。The second category, plan library: digital emergency plans prepared by different departments, the document format is PDF and WORD format; the third category, case library: example-based plans prepared according to scenarios or emergencies that have occurred, and the document format is PDF, WORD, video format, interactive software format (can be played automatically), etc.

2).应急人员库2).Emergency personnel database

对应急队伍中负责指挥调度的指挥机构领导人员、物资库管理人员、物流运送人员和其他应急相关部门人员的基本情况进行统一管理,在出现人员变动时需及时更新,确保人员信息真实有效。应急人员库可创建人员信息包括:岗位、层级、职责、科室、分工、单位名称、电话号码、通讯地址等。In the emergency team, the basic situation of the leaders of the command organization responsible for command and dispatch, material warehouse management personnel, logistics personnel, and other emergency-related department personnel should be managed in a unified manner. When there is a personnel change, it needs to be updated in time to ensure that the personnel information is true and effective. The emergency personnel database can create personnel information including: position, level, responsibility, department, division of labor, unit name, telephone number, mailing address, etc.

3).应急物资调用3). Call of emergency supplies

对各类应急物资储备库建设情况、位置分布情况以及社会化物资代储情况的可视化数据支持,可以直接调取指定储备物资点的详细信息,如物资的类别、名称、规格/型号、数量(计量单位)、主管单位、现状态、维修保养状态、调用方式、储存位置、联系人、联系电话等。同时具备直接指挥调度全区域储备物资装备的功能,以满足全省范围内统筹调度的需要。Visual data support for the construction of various emergency material reserves, location distribution, and socialized material storage, can directly retrieve detailed information of designated reserve material points, such as material category, name, specification/model, quantity ( unit of measurement), competent unit, current status, maintenance status, calling method, storage location, contact person, contact number, etc. At the same time, it has the function of directly commanding and dispatching the reserve materials and equipment in the whole region, so as to meet the needs of overall planning and dispatching in the whole province.

系统将应急物资进行数据化、系统化采集,保证前端能处理更复杂的物资信息输入,后端能对接不同物流数据,让信息流更完善可视。The system collects emergency supplies in a data-based and systematic manner, ensuring that the front-end can handle more complex material information input, and the back-end can connect with different logistics data, making the information flow more complete and visible.

系统将应急物资的前端采购、库存管理、货物流向进行大数据管理,实现入库、出库、签收、验收、复核、审核等环节和流程一体化,便于物资的调配和管理,提升物资处理效率。在战时作战图中实现物资数据展示和调用。The system manages the front-end procurement, inventory management, and goods flow of emergency materials with big data, and realizes the integration of warehousing, outbound, signing, acceptance, review, review and other links and processes, which facilitates the deployment and management of materials and improves the efficiency of material processing . Realize the display and call of material data in the wartime combat map.

4).应急物资供应商调用4). Emergency material supplier call

针对应急物资储备库资源有限的情况,对应急物资供应商要进行评估及调用。通过合理的考察手段,建立应急供应商台账,实现动态库存信息采集。在有重大风险事故时,可以迅速调用应急供应商的物资资源实现应急物资保障。In view of the limited resources of the emergency material reserve, it is necessary to evaluate and call the emergency material suppliers. Through reasonable inspection methods, an emergency supplier ledger is established to realize dynamic inventory information collection. In the event of a major risk accident, the material resources of the emergency supplier can be quickly called to achieve emergency material support.

5).GIS地图管理5). GIS map management

通过在GIS地图上直观展示,实现应急物资、应急物资库信息的动态管理。系统可实现在线编辑、多条件快速检索及导出、导入功能,应急物资联系人可一键转入电话调度。突发事件发生时,根据预案及事发点实际情况进行合理配置,并实现在地图上的快速调度。地图接入服务提供基于GIS的地图应用接口,为基于地理信息的可视化应用提供支撑。Through visual display on the GIS map, the dynamic management of emergency materials and emergency material library information is realized. The system can realize online editing, multi-condition quick retrieval, export and import functions, and emergency material contacts can be transferred to telephone dispatching with one click. When an emergency occurs, it is reasonably configured according to the plan and the actual situation of the incident point, and the rapid dispatch on the map is realized. The map access service provides a GIS-based map application interface to provide support for visualization applications based on geographic information.

6).GIS上图及应急预案行动管理6). GIS map and emergency plan action management

对应急预案行动管理可设置不同的方案内容;可根据预案信息设置不同的处置流程;每个流程可设置不同的行动任务,根据编制的任务信息可下发给相关的负责人;利用移动端程序,可查看每个人执行任务的情况反馈,包括图、文、位置描述等。Different plan contents can be set for emergency plan action management; different disposal processes can be set according to the plan information; different action tasks can be set for each process, and can be issued to relevant responsible persons according to the prepared task information; use mobile terminal programs , you can view the feedback of each person's task performance, including pictures, texts, location descriptions, etc.

行动管理方案可在实时GIS地图上进行要点标绘、线路标绘、多边形区域标绘、行动方向标绘,可进行标绘数据定制和标绘任务关联,标绘分组管理;可进行任务制定,包括车辆调派任务、人员调派任务、物资调拨任务、人员疏散任务、现场标绘任务、队伍集结任务和情况上报任务;可进行任务分发、任务反馈和任务监督。The action management plan can plot key points, lines, polygon areas, and action directions on the real-time GIS map. It can customize plotting data, associate plotting tasks, and manage plotting groups. Tasks can be formulated, Including vehicle dispatching tasks, personnel dispatching tasks, material allocation tasks, personnel evacuation tasks, on-site plotting tasks, team assembly tasks and situation reporting tasks; task distribution, task feedback and task supervision can be performed.

7).权限管理7). Rights management

权限管理服务根据用户角色分配用户可以访问的系统功能,实现统一的多应用功能权限控制。每个用户属于一个或多个角色,每个角色有权限使用若干功能。其示意图如下所述:The authority management service assigns the system functions that users can access according to user roles, and realizes unified multi-application function authority control. Each user belongs to one or more roles, and each role has permissions to use several functions. Its schematic diagram is as follows:

权限管理服务根据应用登陆用户,查询其所属角色,返回该用户相应的应用权限列表,实现对不同用户应用功能的权限控制。The authority management service logs in the user according to the application, queries the role it belongs to, and returns the corresponding application authority list of the user, so as to realize the authority control of different user application functions.

2、基础预案编制2. Preparation of basic plan

1).预案模型管理1). Pre-plan model management

智能化的预案模型是应急物资系统的核心部分,主要功能是预案模型建立、任务及资源配置。通过模型-实例的方式提高预案响应速度,通过实例形成动态的执行方案,在指挥调度中执行结构化任务数据,落实预案中的资源配置,实现应急预案的智能化。The intelligent contingency model is the core part of the emergency material system, and its main functions are the establishment of the contingency model, task and resource allocation. Improve the response speed of the emergency plan through the model-instance method, form a dynamic execution plan through the example, execute the structured task data in the command and dispatch, implement the resource allocation in the emergency plan, and realize the intelligence of the emergency plan.

在应急预案模型建立过程中,将模型划分为两个层次,具体为数据层和表示层。数据层由各类存储数据构成,能够为预案数据的生成提供支持。表示层需要完成预案框架的建立,实现预案数据的提取,并对预案进行分类和集合,从而完成预案库的构建。智能化预案是将应急预案通过结构化方式转化为预案任务集,同时为预案任务配置相应的预案资源,形成可用于应急物资保障活动的数字化模型。通过应急启动,将预案模型转化为应急物资保障方案,采用多种方式(手机、电子邮件、移动端等)自动与相关机构、部门的工作人员进行沟通,自动落实模型中的资源配置,形成应急物资调运方案,结合事故模拟分析、地图等,将预案更加直观形象地表述出来。In the process of establishing the emergency plan model, the model is divided into two levels, specifically the data layer and the presentation layer. The data layer is composed of various storage data, which can provide support for the generation of plan data. The presentation layer needs to complete the establishment of the plan framework, realize the extraction of plan data, and classify and collect the plans, so as to complete the construction of the plan library. Intelligent contingency plan is to transform emergency contingency plan into contingency plan task set in a structured way, and at the same time allocate corresponding contingency plan resources for contingency plan tasks to form a digital model that can be used for emergency material support activities. Through emergency start-up, the contingency plan model is transformed into an emergency material support plan, and various methods (mobile phone, email, mobile terminal, etc.) are used to automatically communicate with the staff of relevant agencies and departments, and the resource allocation in the model is automatically implemented to form an emergency response The material allocation and transportation plan, combined with accident simulation analysis, maps, etc., expresses the plan more intuitively and vividly.

2).预案等级管理2). Plan level management

预案等级管理是建立在具体设备、设施、场所和环境安全评价的基础上,为降低事故造成的人身、财产与环境损失,就事故发生后的应急物资保障机构和人员,应急物资保障的设备、设施、条件和环境,行动的步骤和措施,控制事故发展的方法和程序等,预先做出的科学而有效地计划和安排。The level management of the contingency plan is based on the safety evaluation of specific equipment, facilities, places and the environment. Facilities, conditions and environment, action steps and measures, methods and procedures for controlling the development of accidents, etc., scientifically and effectively planned and arranged in advance.

按照各类突发公共事件的性质、严重程度、可控性和影响范围等因素,总体预案将突发公共事件分为四级,即Ⅰ级(特别重大)、Ⅱ级(重大)、Ⅲ级(较大)和Ⅳ级(一般),依次用红色、橙色、黄色和蓝色表示。在系统中根据等级的不同,用信息化手段智能研判风险等级,提供给领导做决策。According to the nature, severity, controllability and scope of influence of various public emergencies, the overall plan divides public emergencies into four levels, namely, level I (extremely serious), level II (major), and level III. (larger) and Ⅳ level (general), represented by red, orange, yellow and blue in turn. In the system, according to the different levels, the risk level is intelligently judged by means of information technology, and provided to the leader for decision-making.

3、物资调配预案3. Material allocation plan

根据编制完的基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案。当发生紧急情况时,将按照制定的物资装载预案,以“即时报告、维护现场、请求支援、替换代替、调整计划”原则进行相关处置。According to the compiled basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, the materials in the plan are allocated and arranged to form a material loading plan. When an emergency occurs, relevant disposal will be carried out in accordance with the formulated material loading plan and the principle of "immediate report, maintenance on site, request for support, replacement, and adjustment plan".

4、应急预案发布4. Release of emergency plan

1.预案生成1. Plan generation

系统根据不同应急场景、类型和等级形成触发条件,通过匹配相应事件类型和响应级别的预案模型,结合给定条件,从运输距离、储备数量等方面自动生成该应急事件的物资调拨执行方案,实现应急物资合理调配。生成的预案具有预案模型中已配置的预案任务和预案资源,同时可以手动调整预案任务、协同部门和预案资源。The system forms trigger conditions according to different emergency scenarios, types, and levels. By matching the contingency model of the corresponding event type and response level, combined with the given conditions, it automatically generates a material allocation execution plan for the emergency event from the aspects of transportation distance, reserve quantity, etc., to achieve Reasonable deployment of emergency supplies. The generated contingency plan has the contingency tasks and contingency resources configured in the contingency plan model, and at the same time, the contingency tasks, coordination departments and contingency resources can be manually adjusted.

2.预案发布2. Announcement of the plan

(1)应急物资保障预案评审(1) Review of emergency material support plan

针对不同应急事件类别和等级,相应物资、人员储备及可调度情况,编制应急预案,由管理部门进行预案评审,经论证与修订完善后,录入应急预案、相关评审论证情况和修订情况。According to different types and levels of emergency events, corresponding materials, personnel reserves and schedulable conditions, emergency plans are prepared, and the management department reviews the plans.

(2)应急物资保障预案备案应急预案评审通过后,可报送至各相关部门备案,如应急、医疗等部门,以便在预案启动时,各联动部门能及时响应。(2) Emergency material support plan filing After the emergency plan review is passed, it can be submitted to relevant departments for filing, such as emergency response and medical departments, so that when the plan is activated, all linkage departments can respond in time.

(3)应急物资保障预案发布(3) Release of emergency material support plan

利用预案库生成能够应对不同突发事件应急处理的应急方案,建立应急方案库。在运用应急指挥调度系统进行事件处置时,则需要对经过修正的应急方案进行启动,保证事件得到及时、有效处理。系统应急方案的启动,可以采取两种方式,一种为人工启动,比如针对复杂突发事件需要由专家和用户凭借经验确定启动哪个级别的应急方案;另一种为自动启动,如在小级别突发事件处理时,可以由系统结合启动规则对相应的应急方案进行触发。经过启动使用后,应急方案还应得到进一步完善,以便为后续工作的开展提供强有力的支撑。在应急方案启动后,系统还应对方案实施效果同步展开评价。在突发事件相对复杂的情况下,可能出现预案与实际情境不符的问题,需要立即实现方案的新建或修改,保证系统能够充分发挥应急指挥调度作用。The contingency plan library is used to generate emergency plans that can deal with different emergencies, and the emergency plan library is established. When using the emergency command and dispatch system to deal with incidents, it is necessary to start the revised emergency plan to ensure that the incidents are dealt with in a timely and effective manner. There are two ways to start the emergency plan of the system. One is manual start, for example, experts and users need to determine which level of emergency plan to start based on experience in complex emergencies; the other is automatic start, such as in small-level When dealing with emergencies, the system can trigger the corresponding emergency plan in combination with the start rules. After being put into use, the emergency plan should be further improved to provide strong support for the follow-up work. After the emergency plan is launched, the system should also simultaneously evaluate the implementation effect of the plan. In the case of relatively complex emergencies, there may be a problem that the plan does not match the actual situation, and it is necessary to create or modify the plan immediately to ensure that the system can fully play the role of emergency command and dispatch.

3.预案调用3. Plan call

预案可设置不同等级对应不同的应急响应参数组合,并设置不同应急响应处置流程;每个应急响应流程可设置不同的处置任务;设置不同的预警响应等级对应不同的处置流程,处置流程包括流程名称、流程内容;可根据不同的流程设置相关的任务和任务执行的人员。The plan can set different levels corresponding to different emergency response parameter combinations, and set up different emergency response procedures; each emergency response procedure can be set with different disposal tasks; different early warning response levels can be set to correspond to different disposal procedures, and the disposal procedure includes the procedure name , Process content; related tasks and task execution personnel can be set according to different processes.

二、模拟演练管理2. Simulation exercise management

1、制定演练方案1. Develop a drill plan

在系统中可以编写突发事件(总体策划),在地图上模拟应急地点需要应急调度物资,以需要的地点、时间、应急事件类型级别、物资品种和数量为总体需求,从预案库中生成演练方案。每个演练方案可以演练多次,每次选择不同的地点,根据该地点的周边储备分布、交通条件等情况进行实例演练。In the system, emergencies (overall planning) can be written, and emergency dispatching materials are required for simulating emergency locations on the map, and drills are generated from the plan library based on the required location, time, type and level of emergency events, types and quantities of materials as the overall requirements plan. Each drill plan can be drilled multiple times, and a different location is selected each time, and an example drill is carried out according to the distribution of reserves around the location, traffic conditions, etc.

2、发布演练实例2. Publish a drill example

发布演练实例的时候,需发布本次演练的领导小组名单、应急联络人名单、后勤保障组名单,以及整个演练实施方案等。When releasing the drill example, it is necessary to release the list of the leading group, the list of emergency contacts, the list of the logistics support team, and the implementation plan of the drill.

3、三维电子沙盘推演3. Three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction

按照不同应急场景展开三维电子沙盘推演,比如:防汛防台、突发公共卫生事件、地震等场景,推演多种不可预知的情况。Carry out three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction according to different emergency scenarios, such as: flood prevention and typhoon prevention, public health emergencies, earthquakes and other scenarios, deduce a variety of unpredictable situations.

沙盘推演是通过灵活设置多种因素,模拟事件影响,如调拨大量救灾物资和生活必需品过程中,受到天气、环境和交通影响,应急物资保障方案执行受阻时,参与者根据情况进行应急处置。The sand table deduction is to simulate the impact of events by flexibly setting various factors. For example, in the process of allocating a large amount of disaster relief materials and daily necessities, affected by weather, environment and traffic, when the implementation of the emergency material support plan is blocked, the participants carry out emergency response according to the situation.

在演练过程中,检验应急物资保障预案的科学性和可操作性,锻炼提高参与者的应急响应处理能力,完善应急物资调度事先预案科学、事中高效执行、事后恢复迅速的工作机制,增强多部门之间的协同能力。During the exercise, the scientificity and operability of the emergency material support plan are tested, the emergency response and handling capabilities of the participants are improved, and the working mechanism of scientific advance plan for emergency material dispatching, efficient execution during the event, and rapid recovery after the event is improved. Collaboration between departments.

4、实训演练4. Practical training exercises

实训演练是按照预先设置突发事件情景及其后续发展情景,参演人员调集可利用的应急资源,针对应急预案中的部分或所有应急功能,通过实际决策、行动和操作,完成真实应急响应的过程,从而检验和提高相关人员的临场组织指挥、队伍调动、应急处置和后勤保障等应急能力的演练活动。The practical training drill is based on the pre-set emergency scenarios and their subsequent development scenarios. The participants mobilize the available emergency resources, aiming at some or all of the emergency functions in the emergency plan, and complete the real emergency response through actual decision-making, action and operation. In order to test and improve relevant personnel's on-the-spot organization and command, team mobilization, emergency response and logistics support and other emergency response capabilities.

在实训演练结束后,将实训演练行动过程整理制作成实训文档和视频,推演最佳实训效果,建立实训库作为日后参考资料和教程,提高紧急事件的处理能力。After the training exercise is over, organize the action process of the training exercise into training documents and videos, deduce the best training effect, and establish a training library as future reference materials and tutorials to improve emergency handling capabilities.

三、演练效果分析3. Analysis of exercise effect

1、指标分析1. Index analysis

指标分析是通过多维度的分析方法,结合各种应急物资保障预案、各类应急物资保障演练、实际应急事件处置方案,及事后总结的全时空、全维度、全人员、全物资等要素进行分析,检验实际效果。Index analysis is based on multi-dimensional analysis methods, combined with various emergency material support plans, various emergency material support drills, actual emergency event disposal plans, and post-summary analysis of all time and space, all dimensions, all personnel, all materials and other elements. , to test the actual effect.

应急演练效果分析以指标为基础进行分析,指标包括两类指标:一类是演练完成后即可以形成的指标,即指标表A,另外一类是演练一周后可以形成的指标,即指标表B。根据演练的侧重点不同,可以进行相应维度的分析,比如对组织结构比较看重,则进行组织机构分析。The analysis of the emergency drill effect is based on indicators. The indicators include two types of indicators: one is the indicators that can be formed after the drill is completed, that is, the indicator table A, and the other is the indicators that can be formed after one week of the drill, that is, the indicator table B. . According to the different emphases of the drill, analysis of the corresponding dimensions can be carried out. For example, if the organizational structure is more important, then the organizational structure analysis is carried out.

2、演练总结2. Exercise summary

演练总结是指观察和记录演练活动,比较演练人员表现与演练目标要求,提出演练发现的问题,形成演练评估报告的过程。目的是确定演练是否已经达到演练目标的要求,检验各应急组织指挥人员及应急响应人员完成任务的能力。Drill summary refers to the process of observing and recording the drill activities, comparing the performance of the drillers with the drill target requirements, raising the problems found in the drill, and forming a drill evaluation report. The purpose is to determine whether the exercise has met the requirements of the exercise objectives, and to test the ability of the command personnel of each emergency organization and emergency response personnel to complete the task.

在演练总结中,绩效分析是检验演练效果的最有效评估手段,对照计划编制,同时依据演练的规模、人数等具体标准进行资金测算。演练项目本着厉行节约、实事求是的支出原则,通过合理有效的演练为应急态下的资金投入做出来相对精确的测算。In the exercise summary, performance analysis is the most effective evaluation method to test the effect of the exercise. It is compared with the plan preparation, and at the same time, the fund calculation is carried out according to the specific standards such as the scale and number of the exercise. Based on the principle of saving money and seeking truth from facts, the drill project makes relatively accurate calculations for capital investment in emergency situations through reasonable and effective drills.

3、预案完善3. Perfect plan

针对多种演练的结果,找出最优方案,对原来的预案进行调整、修改和完善,使之更加符合实战的需要。修改完善后的预案,经整理成为行动预案,导入行动预案库。According to the results of various drills, the optimal plan is found, and the original plan is adjusted, modified and improved to make it more in line with the needs of actual combat. The revised and perfected plans are sorted into action plans and imported into the action plan library.

根据演练效果分析和总结报告,形成预案优化版本,并将原来版本升级,做好版本控制。According to the drill effect analysis and summary report, an optimized version of the plan is formed, the original version is upgraded, and version control is done.

本发明中1.操作流程线上进行,应急案件报送形式多样,提高工作效率;2.应急模型、演练方案可维护;3.预案调配方案模板内容可定制;4.预案生成可定制;5.物资装载预案根据物资品类、数量和应急响应时间,自动形成有针对性的装载人员需求。In the present invention, 1. The operation process is carried out online, and emergency cases are submitted in various forms, which improves work efficiency; 2. The emergency model and drill plan can be maintained; 3. The content of the plan deployment plan template can be customized; 4. The plan generation can be customized; 5. .Material loading plan automatically forms targeted loading personnel requirements based on material category, quantity and emergency response time.

从而,利用本发明提供的一种针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案方法,具有如下优点:在线上进行应急预案管理,与传统的纸质预案相比,能够更加直观、灵活的设置处理环节,在响应国家无纸化办公要求的同时,避免一些人为环节产生的错误,发现错误还可以及时修改,能够提升工作效率,能够更加快速、高效的辅助应急预案工作的完成。可设置不同等级对应不同的应急响应参数组合,并设置不同应急响应处置流程;每个应急响应流程可设置不同的处置任务;设置不同的预警响应等级对应不同的处置流程,处置流程包括流程名称、流程内容;可根据不同的流程设置相关的任务和任务执行的人员。在发生紧急情况时候,通过智能研判会优选出有效的预案进行调用供决策者选择。预案库生成后能够应对不同突发事件应急处理的应急方案,建立应急方案库。在运用应急指挥调度系统进行事件处置时,启动经过修正的应急方案,保证事件得到及时、有效处理。演练效果分析针对演练方案的制定和执行情况、合理性和可操作性、指挥能力、处置能力、装备的先进性和适用性、交通安全等保障的是否充分,以及对成本效益做出分析,并根据实际条件分析出最佳方案。Therefore, using an emergency plan method for material reserves to deal with emergencies provided by the present invention has the following advantages: online emergency plan management, compared with traditional paper-based plans, can set up processing links more intuitively and flexibly , while responding to the requirements of the national paperless office, avoid some human errors, and make corrections in time if errors are found, which can improve work efficiency and assist in the completion of emergency plans more quickly and efficiently. Different levels can be set to correspond to different emergency response parameter combinations, and different emergency response procedures can be set; each emergency response process can be set with different disposal tasks; different early warning response levels can be set to correspond to different disposal procedures, and the disposal procedures include process name, Process content; related tasks and task execution personnel can be set according to different processes. In the event of an emergency, through intelligent research and judgment, an effective plan will be optimized and called for decision makers to choose. After the contingency plan library is generated, it can deal with emergency plans for different emergencies, and establish an emergency plan library. When using the emergency command and dispatch system to deal with incidents, start the revised emergency plan to ensure that incidents are handled in a timely and effective manner. Drill effect analysis focuses on the formulation and implementation of the drill plan, rationality and operability, command ability, disposal ability, equipment advancement and applicability, traffic safety and other guarantees, as well as cost-benefit analysis, and Analyze the best solution based on actual conditions.

示例性装置Exemplary device

图2是本发明一示例性实施例提供的针对物资储备应对突发事件的应急预案生成系统的结构示意图。如图2所示,装置200包括:Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an emergency plan generation system for material reserves to deal with emergencies provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 2, the device 200 includes:

应急预案管理、模拟演练管理以及演练效果分析,其中Emergency plan management, simulation drill management and drill effect analysis, of which

应急预案管理用于根据物资储备的基础信息生成应急预案;Emergency plan management is used to generate emergency plans based on the basic information of material reserves;

模拟演练管理用于根据应急预案指定演练方案,并进行三维电子沙盘推演和实训演练,确定模拟演练结果;The simulation drill management is used to designate the drill plan according to the emergency plan, conduct 3D electronic sand table deduction and practical training drills, and determine the simulation drill results;

演练效果分析用于对模拟演练结果进行分析,并根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。Drill effect analysis is used to analyze the simulation drill results, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

可选地,应急预案管理包括Optionally, emergency plan management includes

基础信息管理模块由应急预案管理、应急人员库、应急物资调用、应急物资供应商调用、GIS地图管理、GIS上图及应急预案行动管理、权限管理组成,用于实现基础信息的管理;The basic information management module is composed of emergency plan management, emergency personnel database, emergency material call, emergency material supplier call, GIS map management, GIS map and emergency plan action management, authority management, and is used to realize the management of basic information;

基础预案编制模块由预案编制组成,用于生成基础预案;The basic plan preparation module is composed of plan preparation, which is used to generate the basic plan;

物资调配预案模块用于根据编制完的基础预案,结合应急响应等级对应的应急响应时间,对基础预案里物资进行调配安排,形成物资装载预案;The material allocation plan module is used to arrange the allocation of materials in the basic plan according to the prepared basic plan, combined with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response level, and form a material loading plan;

应急预案发布模块由预案生成、预案发布和预案调用组成,用于实现应急预案的发布。The emergency plan release module is composed of plan generation, plan release and plan call, and is used to realize the release of emergency plans.

可选地,模拟演练管理包括:Optionally, simulation exercise management includes:

制定演练方案模块用于根据应急预案设置的突发事件,确定演练方案;The module of formulating drill plan is used to determine the drill plan according to the emergencies set in the emergency plan;

发布演练实例模块用于根据演练方案进行演练实例发布;The module of publishing drill instances is used to release drill instances according to the drill plan;

三维电子沙盘推演模块用于按照不同的演练实例进行三维电子沙盘推演;The 3D electronic sand table deduction module is used to conduct 3D electronic sand table deduction according to different drill examples;

实训演练模块用于按照突发事件情景以及发展情景进行实训演练,并确定模拟演练结果。The training drill module is used to conduct training drills according to emergency scenarios and development scenarios, and determine the simulation drill results.

可选地,演练效果分析模块包括:Optionally, the exercise effect analysis module includes:

指标分析模块用于通过多维度的分析方法对模拟演练结果进行检验,确定实际效果;The indicator analysis module is used to test the results of the simulation exercise through multi-dimensional analysis methods to determine the actual effect;

演练总结模块用于对模拟演练进行演练总结;The drill summary module is used to summarize the simulation drill;

预案完善模块用于对多种演练的实际效果以及演练总结进行分析,根据分析结果对应急预案进行优化,确定优化应急预案。The plan improvement module is used to analyze the actual effect of various drills and the summary of the drill, optimize the emergency plan according to the analysis results, and determine the optimized emergency plan.

示例性电子设备Exemplary electronic device

图8是本发明一示例性实施例提供的电子设备的结构。如图8所示,电子设备80包括一个或多个处理器81和存储器82。Fig. 8 is a structure of an electronic device provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8 , an electronic device 80 includes one or more processors 81 and a memory 82 .

处理器81可以是中央处理单元(CPU)或者具有数据处理能力和/或指令执行能力的其他形式的处理单元,并且可以控制电子设备中的其他组件以执行期望的功能。Processor 81 may be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.

存储器82可以包括一个或多个计算机程序产品,所述计算机程序产品可以包括各种形式的计算机可读存储介质,例如易失性存储器和/或非易失性存储器。所述易失性存储器例如可以包括随机存取存储器(RAM)和/或高速缓冲存储器(cache)等。所述非易失性存储器例如可以包括只读存储器(ROM)、硬盘、闪存等。在所述计算机可读存储介质上可以存储一个或多个计算机程序指令,处理器81可以运行所述程序指令,以实现上文所述的本发明的各个实施例的软件程序的方法以及/或者其他期望的功能。在一个示例中,电子设备还可以包括:输入装置83和输出装置84,这些组件通过总线系统和/或其他形式的连接机构(未示出)互连。Memory 82 may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and/or cache memory (cache). The non-volatile memory may include, for example, a read-only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, and the like. One or more computer program instructions can be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor 81 can execute the program instructions to implement the methods of the software programs of the various embodiments of the present invention described above and/or other desired features. In one example, the electronic device may further include: an input device 83 and an output device 84, and these components are interconnected through a bus system and/or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).

此外,该输入装置83还可以包括例如键盘、鼠标等等。In addition, the input device 83 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.

该输出装置84可以向外部输出各种信息。该输出装置84可以包括例如显示器、扬声器、打印机、以及通信网络及其所连接的远程输出设备等等。The output device 84 can output various information to the outside. The output device 84 may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, a communication network and its connected remote output devices, and the like.

当然,为了简化,图8中仅示出了该电子设备中与本发明有关的组件中的一些,省略了诸如总线、输入/输出接口等等的组件。除此之外,根据具体应用情况,电子设备还可以包括任何其他适当的组件。Of course, for simplicity, only some components related to the present invention in the electronic device are shown in FIG. 8 , and components such as bus, input/output interface, etc. are omitted. In addition, the electronic device may also include any other suitable components according to specific applications.

示例性计算机程序产品和计算机可读存储介质Exemplary computer program product and computer readable storage medium

除了上述方法和设备以外,本发明的实施例还可以是计算机程序产品,其包括计算机程序指令,所述计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时使得所述处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本发明各种实施例的方法中的步骤。In addition to the above-mentioned methods and devices, embodiments of the present invention may also be computer program products, which include computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the above-mentioned "exemplary method" of this specification. Steps in methods according to various embodiments of the invention described in section.

所述计算机程序产品可以以一种或多种程序设计语言的任意组合来编写用于执行本发明实施例操作的程序代码,所述程序设计语言包括面向对象的程序设计语言,诸如Java、C++等,还包括常规的过程式程序设计语言,诸如“C”语言或类似的程序设计语言。程序代码可以完全地在用户计算设备上执行、部分地在用户设备上执行、作为一个独立的软件包执行、部分在用户计算设备上部分在远程计算设备上执行、或者完全在远程计算设备或服务器上执行。The computer program product can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages for executing the program codes for the operations of the embodiments of the present invention, and the programming languages include object-oriented programming languages, such as Java, C++, etc. , also includes conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device and partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server to execute.

此外,本发明的实施例还可以是计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序指令,所述计算机程序指令在被处理器运行时使得所述处理器执行本说明书上述“示例性方法”部分中描述的根据本发明各种实施例的对历史变更记录进行信息挖掘的方法中的步骤。In addition, the embodiments of the present invention may also be a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored, and the computer program instructions, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the above-mentioned "Exemplary Method" section of this specification. Steps in the method for information mining of historical change records according to various embodiments of the present invention described in .

所述计算机可读存储介质可以采用一个或多个可读介质的任意组合。可读介质可以是可读信号介质或者可读存储介质。可读存储介质例如可以包括但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外线、或半导体的系统、系统或器件,或者任意以上的组合。可读存储介质的更具体的例子(非穷举的列表)包括:具有一个或多个导线的电连接、便携式盘、硬盘、随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、可擦式可编程只读存储器(EPROM或闪存)、光纤、便携式紧凑盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、光存储器件、磁存储器件、或者上述的任意合适的组合。The computer readable storage medium may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, system, or device, or any combination thereof, for example. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of readable storage media include: electrical connection with one or more conductors, portable disk, hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的基本原理,但是,需要指出的是,在本发明中提及的优点、优势、效果等仅是示例而非限制,不能认为这些优点、优势、效果等是本发明的各个实施例必须具备的。另外,上述公开的具体细节仅是为了示例的作用和便于理解的作用,而非限制,上述细节并不限制本发明为必须采用上述具体的细节来实现。The basic principles of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments, but it should be pointed out that the advantages, advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present invention are only examples rather than limitations, and these advantages, advantages, effects, etc. Every embodiment of the invention must have. In addition, the specific details disclosed above are only for the purpose of illustration and understanding, rather than limitation, and the above details do not limit the present invention to be implemented by using the above specific details.

本说明书中各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其它实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分相互参见即可。对于系统实施例而言,由于其与方法实施例基本对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the system embodiment, since it basically corresponds to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related parts, please refer to the part of the description of the method embodiment.

本发明中涉及的器件、系统、设备、系统的方框图仅作为例示性的例子并且不意图要求或暗示必须按照方框图示出的方式进行连接、布置、配置。如本领域技术人员将认识到的,可以按任意方式连接、布置、配置这些器件、系统、设备、系统。诸如“包括”、“包含”、“具有”等等的词语是开放性词汇,指“包括但不限于”,且可与其互换使用。这里所使用的词汇“或”和“和”指词汇“和/或”,且可与其互换使用,除非上下文明确指示不是如此。这里所使用的词汇“诸如”指词组“诸如但不限于”,且可与其互换使用。The block diagrams of devices, systems, devices, and systems involved in the present invention are only illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, and configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. These devices, systems, devices, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Words such as "including", "comprising", "having" and the like are open-ended words meaning "including but not limited to" and may be used interchangeably therewith. As used herein, the words "or" and "and" refer to the word "and/or" and are used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. As used herein, the word "such as" refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to" and can be used interchangeably therewith.

可能以许多方式来实现本发明的方法和系统。例如,可通过软件、硬件、固件或者软件、硬件、固件的任何组合来实现本发明的方法和系统。用于所述方法的步骤的上述顺序仅是为了进行说明,本发明的方法的步骤不限于以上具体描述的顺序,除非以其它方式特别说明。此外,在一些实施例中,还可将本发明实施为记录在记录介质中的程序,这些程序包括用于实现根据本发明的方法的机器可读指令。因而,本发明还覆盖存储用于执行根据本发明的方法的程序的记录介质。It is possible to implement the methods and systems of the present invention in many ways. For example, the method and system of the present invention may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination of software, hardware, and firmware. The above sequence of steps used in the method is for illustration only, and the steps of the method of the present invention are not limited to the sequence specifically described above unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present invention can also be implemented as programs recorded in recording media including machine-readable instructions for realizing the method according to the present invention. Thus, the present invention also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present invention.

还需要指出的是,在本发明的系统、设备和方法中,各部件或各步骤是可以分解和/或重新组合的。这些分解和/或重新组合应视为本发明的等效方案。提供所公开的方面的以上描述以使本领域的任何技术人员能够做出或者使用本发明。对这些方面的各种修改对于本领域技术人员而言是非常显而易见的,并且在此定义的一般原理可以应用于其他方面而不脱离本发明的范围。因此,本发明不意图被限制到在此示出的方面,而是按照与在此公开的原理和新颖的特征一致的最宽范围。It should also be pointed out that in the system, device and method of the present invention, each component or each step can be decomposed and/or reassembled. These decompositions and/or recombinations should be considered equivalents of the present invention. The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

为了例示和描述的目的已经给出了以上描述。此外,此描述不意图将本发明的实施例限制到在此公开的形式。尽管以上已经讨论了多个示例方面和实施例,但是本领域技术人员将认识到其某些变型、修改、改变、添加和子组合。The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the invention to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, changes, additions and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims (10)

1. An emergency plan generating system for dealing with an emergency for a material reserve, comprising: management of emergency plans, simulation exercise management and exercise effect analysis, wherein
The emergency plan management is used for generating an emergency plan according to basic information of material storage;
the simulation drilling management is used for specifying a drilling scheme according to the emergency plan, performing three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical drilling and determining a simulation drilling result;
and the drilling effect analysis is used for analyzing the simulation drilling result, optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result and determining an optimized emergency plan.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the emergency protocol management comprises
The basic information management module consists of emergency plan management, an emergency personnel library, emergency material calling, emergency material supplier calling, GIS map management, GIS top map and emergency plan action management and authority management and is used for realizing the management of basic information;
the basic plan compiling module is composed of plan compiling and used for generating a basic plan;
the material allocation plan module is used for allocating and arranging the materials in the basic plan according to the compiled basic plan and the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response grade to form a material loading plan;
the emergency plan issuing module is composed of plan generation, plan issuing and plan calling and is used for issuing the emergency plan.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the simulation drill management comprises:
the drilling scheme making module is used for determining a drilling scheme according to the emergency set by the emergency plan;
the release drilling instance module is used for releasing the drilling instance according to the drilling scheme;
the three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction module is used for carrying out three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction according to different drilling examples;
the practical training drilling module is used for carrying out practical training drilling according to the emergency situation and the development situation and determining the simulation drilling result.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the drill effect analysis module comprises:
the index analysis module is used for inspecting the simulation drilling result by a multi-dimensional analysis method to determine the actual effect;
the drilling summary module is used for performing drilling summary on the simulation drilling;
and the plan perfecting module is used for analyzing the actual effects and the drilling summary of the various drills, optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result and determining the optimized emergency plan.
5. An emergency plan generating method for dealing with an emergency for a material reserve is characterized by comprising the following steps:
generating an emergency plan according to basic information of material storage;
the simulation drilling management is used for designating a drilling scheme according to the emergency plan, performing three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction and practical training drilling and determining a simulation drilling result;
and the drilling effect analysis is used for analyzing the simulation drilling result, optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result and determining an optimized emergency plan.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the operation of generating an emergency response plan based on the basic information of the supply of materials comprises:
planning basic information of the material storage to generate a basic plan;
according to the basic plan, in combination with the emergency response time corresponding to the emergency response grade, allocating and arranging the materials in the basic plan to form a material loading plan;
and issuing an emergency plan according to the material loading plan.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the simulation drilling management is configured to specify a drilling plan according to the emergency plan, perform three-dimensional electronic sand table pushing and training drilling, and determine the operation of simulation drilling result, and includes:
determining a drilling scheme according to the emergency set by the issued emergency plan;
carrying out drill instance release according to the drill scheme;
performing three-dimensional electronic sand table deduction according to different drilling examples;
and performing practical training drilling according to the emergency situation and the development situation, and determining the simulated drilling result.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the drilling effect analysis is used for analyzing the simulation drilling result and optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result, and the operation of determining the optimized emergency plan comprises:
the simulation drilling result is checked through a multi-dimensional analysis method, and the actual effect is determined;
performing drilling summary on the simulation drilling;
and analyzing the actual effects and the drill summary of the drills, optimizing the emergency plan according to the analysis result, and determining an optimized emergency plan.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores a computer program for performing the method of any of the preceding claims 5-8.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the instructions to implement the method of any one of claims 5 to 8.
CN202211634186.7A 2022-12-19 2022-12-19 Emergency plan generation system and method for dealing with emergency events aiming at material storage Pending CN115798294A (en)

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