CN115838306A - Glucose compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Glucose compound fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115838306A CN115838306A CN202210185642.8A CN202210185642A CN115838306A CN 115838306 A CN115838306 A CN 115838306A CN 202210185642 A CN202210185642 A CN 202210185642A CN 115838306 A CN115838306 A CN 115838306A
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- compound fertilizer
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- glutamine
- fertilizer
- glucosamine
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- -1 Glucose compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to C05G, in particular to a glucosamine compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 0.2-3% of glutamine sugar, wherein the glutamine sugar comprises polyglutamic acid and glucosamine. The invention provides a compound fertilizer, which can promote the utilization rate and the fertilizer effect period of the fertilizer in a high-concentration compound fertilizer by adding glucosamine into a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is 47-75%, the fertilizer effect period is prolonged to 35-45%, the prevention and treatment of root system diseases and the water retention are promoted, a root system which is thicker and has rich lateral roots and capillary roots is formed, the delivery of water and nutrients is promoted, the synthesis and the transportation of photosynthetic transformation, carbohydrates, proteins and the like are promoted, the synergism and the quality improvement of various fruits, vegetables and crops, such as apples, corns, tomatoes, wheat, chinese cabbages, celery and other leafy vegetables are promoted, and the plant aging is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to C05G, in particular to a glucosamine compound fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The compound fertilizer comprises at least two nutrient components, wherein the fertilizer mainly comprises nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents (N + P) are determined according to the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents 2 O 5 +K 2 O) can be divided into high-concentration, medium-concentration and low-concentration compound fertilizers, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the high-concentration compound fertilizer can be 40% or more, high nutrients are provided, and the fertilizer is used for increasing the yield of crops and the like.
However, when the compound fertilizer with high nutrient content is used in different soils, metal antagonism exists along with the difference of metal components in the soils, the compound fertilizer is difficult to be used for planting at different altitudes, the utilization rate of nutrients is low, in addition, because the raw materials in the compound fertilizer are fixed, the compound fertilizer is difficult to adapt to the nutrient components required by different crops, fruits and vegetables, and the effective yield increase and the efficiency increase are difficult to realize.
Therefore, other components such as polyglutamic acid, DMPP nitrification inhibitor, GMCC active factors and the like can be added into the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at present, for example, the gamma-polyglutamic acid added biochar-based rice special fertilizer provided by CN 10669881A and the preparation method thereof are provided, but the current compound fertilizer can only meet the functions of specific crops and the like, but is difficult to realize quality enhancement and synergy on various fruits and vegetables and different soils during planting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a compound corn-ammonia sugar fertilizer in a first aspect, and the compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
25 to 40 percent of nitrogen source, such as 25 percent, 28 percent, 30 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent, 38 percent and 40 percent;
30-45% of phosphorus source, such as 30%, 32%, 35%, 37%, 40%, 42% and 45%;
20-35% of potassium source, such as 20%, 22%, 25%, 27%, 29%, 30%, 32%, 35%;
0.2-3% of glutamic sugar, such as 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.7%, 3%, wherein the glutamic sugar comprises polyglutamic acid and glucosamine.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the polyglutamic acid to the glucosamine is 2-4: 1, as 2:1. 2.2: 1. 2.5: 1. 2.7: 1. 3: 1. 3.2: 1. 3.5: 1. 3.7: 1. 4:1.
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polyglutamic acid PGA has a relative molecular mass of 10kDa or more, such as 10 to 4000kDa. The polyglutamic acid of the present invention is prepared or purchased by self, and when purchased, can be purchased from Shandong Shigaku phytotrophy Co., ltd. (relative molecular mass is 100 to 2000 kDa).
The inventor finds that the polyglutamic acid is added into the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, particularly the high-concentration nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, can be chelated with a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source, a potassium source and the like by utilizing a carboxylate radical and an imine skeleton with high content, and combines metal elements in soil, such as calcium, magnesium and the like to achieve a certain slow release effect and promote the utilization rate of the fertilizer, but the inventor also finds that the polyglutamic acid generally has high molecular weight of 10kDa or more, so that other raw materials are excessively wrapped in the processing process of the polyglutamic acid, and the stability of the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is influenced.
The inventor finds that the glucosamine containing amino groups and the polyglutamic acid are mixed to be used as the glucosamine, the higher amino groups of the glucosamine can effectively adjust the coating of the polyglutamic sugar on other raw materials, the components of the glucosamine are kept stable, and particularly, the content of one or more of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is prevented from being lower than the standard value. The inventor finds that the combined action of the glucosamine and the polyglutamic acid is adopted, and the high hydrophilic performance of the glucosamine and the polyglutamic acid is utilized, so that the water retention of a root system and the delivery of water and nutrients are facilitated, the frost resistance and disease resistance are improved, the photosynthetic efficiency of fruits and vegetables and various crops is promoted, the plants are promoted to mature, bloom and grow, and more products accumulated by dry matters are formed.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, N and P in the nitrogen source 2 O 5 、K 2 The total content of O is more than 40 percent, such as 44 to 48 percent.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, N and P in the phosphorus source 2 O 5 、K 2 The total O content is greater than 55%, such as 58-62%.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, N and P in the potassium source 2 O 5 、K 2 The total O content is greater than 58%, such as 60-64%.
N, P of the invention 2 O 5 、K 2 Measurement of OThe method is executed according to the specification of GB/T15063-2020.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrogen source is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the phosphorus source is selected from one or more of monoammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and calcium superphosphate.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the potassium source is one or more selected from potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, and potassium sulfate.
As a preferable technical scheme, the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer also comprise fulvic acid and/or fulvic acid salt, and the weight ratio of the fulvic acid and/or fulvic acid salt to the glucosamine is (0.5-2): 1, such as 0.5: 1. 0.8: 1. 1: 1. 1.2: 1. 1.5: 1. 1.8: 1.2: 1.
the invention does not specifically limit the fulvic acid salt, and can be potassium fulvate and the like, wherein the inventor finds that the utilization rate of the compound fertilizer can be further promoted by adding the fulvic acid salt and the glutamine, the effective period of the fertilizer is promoted, and simultaneously when NH is contained in the compound fertilizer 4 + When the raw materials are used, the conversion rate of the raw materials to nitrate can be effectively reduced, the absorption balance of different crops to ammonium salt and nitrate nitrogen is realized, the plant growth speed and the accumulation and conversion of nutrient substances are improved, the plant damage is repaired, and the aging is reduced.
The inventor also finds that through the combination of the used fulvic acid salt and the glucosamine, the release of nutrients chelated by the macromolecular polyglutamic acid can be promoted, and the fulvic acid salt can be used as a bridge to promote the absorption of cell membranes to the nutrients and moisture, so that the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other inorganic acid radicals such as sulfate radicals, oxalate radicals and phosphate radicals is promoted while the antagonism is effectively avoided, and the fixation is avoided.
In order to further promote the synergistic upgrading, a small amount of trace components can be added. As a preferable technical scheme, the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer also comprise inorganic components or metal components; the inorganic component is selected from at least one of a boron source, such as a boric acid lamp, and a silicon source, and the metal component is selected from at least one of a magnesium source, an aluminum source, a manganese source, a zinc source, and a molybdenum source, such as phosphate, sulfate, oxalate, and the like of magnesium, aluminum, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, and the like.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the inorganic component accounts for 0.01-1% of the weight of the compound fertilizer.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the metal component accounts for 0.01-1% of the weight of the compound fertilizer.
The inventor also finds that the interaction with the glutamine can be promoted, the balance of reproductive growth and vegetative growth can be promoted, the problems of root system decay, withering and withering, lodging and the like can be reduced, and the adaptability to different fruits and vegetables, effects and different soils can be promoted by controlling the component content and the nutrient content of a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source and a potassium source, so that the formation of thick leaves can be promoted, the cell division can be promoted, and the conversion of chlorophyll, carotene and the like can be promoted in the plant growth process.
In addition, the compound fertilizer provided by the invention adopts a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source and a potassium source with proper nutrient content, controls the release of the nitrogen source, the phosphorus source and the potassium source through the glucose, is favorable for coordinating the transportation of carbohydrate and the formation of protein, realizes the synthesis of anthocyanin and the rapid expansion growth and the de-greening of fruits, maintains the sugar content and energy in the rapid growth, and promotes the rapid coloring and the accumulation of the sugar content of the fruits.
The second aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of the compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: and mixing and granulating the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer to obtain the compound fertilizer. The prior common mixed granulation method comprises ammoniation granulation, slurry spraying granulation and high tower granulation, wherein compared with the ammoniation granulation, the high tower granulation and the like, the slurry spraying granulation can be selected, especially the granulation under strong pressure is adopted, and the low-temperature granulation process can reduce the structural damage to various raw materials, so that the problems of biuret standard exceeding and the like can be avoided, and compared with the ammoniation granulation, the 100 percent granulation of the raw materials can be realized without adding any filler or cohesive soil. The slurry-spraying granulation process of the present invention is a process well known in the art, and is not particularly limited. Wherein after granulation, operations such as shaping, polishing, drying, cooling, secondary screening, coating, dusting and the like can be carried out.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of the compound fertilizer for the glutamine, which is used for fruits, vegetables and crops.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a compound fertilizer, which can promote the utilization rate and the fertilizer effect period of the fertilizer in a high-concentration compound fertilizer by adding glucosamine into a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of the fertilizer is 47-75%, the fertilizer effect period is prolonged to 35-45%, the prevention and treatment of root system diseases and the water retention are promoted, a root system which is thicker and has rich lateral roots and capillary roots is formed, the delivery of water and nutrients is promoted, the synthesis and the transportation of photosynthetic transformation, carbohydrates, proteins and the like are promoted, the synergism and the quality improvement of various fruits, vegetables and crops, such as apples, corns, tomatoes, wheat, chinese cabbages, celery and other leafy vegetables are promoted, and the plant aging is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a picture comparing the growth of corn root system (right in FIG. 1), tomato root system (in FIG. 1) and wheat root system (left in FIG. 1) in experimental group containing compound fertilizer and blank control group without compound fertilizer.
Fig. 2 is a picture of tomatoes from the experimental group (fig. 2 left) and the control group (fig. 2 right) in an inner Mongolia tomato test.
Fig. 3 is a picture of tomatoes from the experimental group (fig. 3 left) and the control group (fig. 3 right) after continued growth in the inner mongolia tomato test.
Fig. 4 is a tomato picture (fig. 4 left) obtained from the experimental group in the hannan qinyang tomato test, a tomato comparison picture (fig. 4 left is the experimental group, right is the control group) of the experimental group and the control group, and a brix meter picture (fig. 4 right).
Fig. 5 is a wheat image of an experimental group (fig. 5 right) and a control group (fig. 5 left) in the shanxi wheat test.
Fig. 6 is a wheat root system picture of an experimental group and a control group in the Shanxi wheat test.
Fig. 7 is a picture of wheat ears of an experimental group and a control group in the shanxi wheat test.
Fig. 8 is a picture of cabbage of the experimental group and the control group.
Fig. 9 is a picture of cabbage of the experimental group and the control group.
Fig. 10 is a celery picture of the experimental group and the control group.
Fig. 11 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 12 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 13 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 14 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 15 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 16 is an apple experimental report.
Fig. 17 is apple experimental report.
Detailed Description
Examples
Example 1
The embodiment provides a compound glucosamine fertilizer, and the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer comprise the following components by mass:
N、P 2 O 5 、K 2 310kg of powder urea with the total O content of 46 percent;
N、P 2 O 5 、K 2 370kg of monoammonium phosphate with the total O content being 60%;
N、P 2 O 5 、K 2 290kg of potassium chloride with the total O content of 62 percent;
5kg of boric acid;
5kg of zinc sulfate;
10kg of glutamine;
10kg of mineral source potassium fulvate;
the glucosamine is prepared by compounding 70wt% of polyglutamic acid and 30wt% of glucosamine, wherein the polyglutamic acid is purchased from Shandong Shigaoderd plant nutrition science and technology Co.
N, P and K in the compound fertilizer are N and P 2 O 5 、K 2 The standard value of O is 18%, 18% and 18%, 20 compound fertilizer particles are randomly selected for detection, and the detection shows that the compound fertilizer particles, N and P are combined 2 O 5 、K 2 The differences of the standard values of O are all within 1.5 percent.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the glucosamine compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: and mixing and granulating the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a compound glucosamine fertilizer, and the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer comprise the following components by mass: n, P 2 O 5 、K 2 310kg of powder urea with the total O content of 46 percent;
N、P 2 O 5 、K 2 370kg of monoammonium phosphate with the total O content being 60%;
N、P 2 O 5 、K 2 290kg of potassium chloride with the total O content of 62 percent;
5kg of boric acid;
5kg of zinc sulfate;
15kg of glutamine;
5kg of mineral source potassium fulvate;
the glucosamine is prepared by compounding 70wt% of polyglutamic acid and 30wt% of glucosamine, wherein the polyglutamic acid is purchased from Shandong Shigaoderd plant nutrition science and technology Co.
N, P and K in the compound fertilizer are N and P 2 O 5 、K 2 The standard values of O are respectively 18%, 18% and 18%, 20 compound fertilizer particles are randomly detected, and the detected compound fertilizer particles, N and P are found 2 O 5 、K 2 The differences of the standard values of O are all within 1.5 percent.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the glucosamine compound fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: and mixing and granulating the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer to obtain the compound fertilizer.
Evaluation of Performance
1. Influence of corn root system, tomato root system, wheat root system growth: the compound fertilizer provided in example 1 was used as an experimental group, the compound fertilizer was not applied as a blank control group, and after 9 to 10 months in 2021, the influence of the growth of the corn root system, the tomato root system, and the wheat root system was tested, as shown in fig. 1, it was found that the wheat root system and the tomato root system added with the compound fertilizer of the present invention were large and have many lateral roots and capillary roots, and the growth of the corn, tomato, and wheat leaves was promoted, compared to the blank control.
2. Inner Mongolia tomato test: the tomato planting is carried out in an inner Mongolia Bayan Daner, wherein 1 bag (40 kg)/mu of the glutamine compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment 1 is used in the base fertilizer application (soil preparation), the microbial fertilizer and the medium micro fertilizer are matched to be used as an experimental group, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer (N, P) without glutamine is used 2 O 5 、K 2 And the O is respectively 18%, 18% and 18%) as a control group, and a comparison test is carried out, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the compound fertilizer can promote the fruits to expand and de-green, promote the crops to synthesize anthocyanin and quickly color the fruits.
3. Henan tomato test: tomato planting was carried out in Hainan river, wherein 1 bag (40 kg)/mu of the compound fertilizer for glutamine (provided in example 1) was used in the base fertilizer application (soil preparation), the effects of microbial fertilizer and medium-micro fertilizer were used as experimental groups, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (N, P) without glutamine was used 2 O 5 、K 2 And O is respectively 18%, 18% and 18%) as a control group, and a comparison test is carried out, as shown in figure 4, the sugar degree of the tomatoes is improved by 2% when the compound fertilizer is used, the sugar-acid ratio is improved by 25%, the mouthfeel is obviously improved, and the yield is increased by 12% -23%.
4. Shanxi wheat test: wheat planting was carried out on the plain land of the Shanxi Yuancheng, in which the compound fertilizer for glutamine provided in example 1 was applied at the time of planting as an experimental group, and nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizers (N, P) without glutamine were used 2 O 5 、K 2 O is 18%, 18%) respectively as a control group, and a comparative test is performed, as shown in fig. 5, and the wheat stem thickness, the plant height, the second internode length, the thousand kernel weight, and the yield of the control group and the experimental group are calculated, as shown in table 1, it can be found that the compound fertilizer provided by the present invention is more beneficial to the growth of wheat, promotes the transport of nutrients and energy, and improves the kernel weight and the yield, compared with the control group.
TABLE 1
And comparing the root systems and the wheat ears of the experimental group and the control group, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the root systems of the experimental group are thicker, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, the wheat ears are denser, and the dry weight is larger.
5. Leaf vegetable test: cabbage and celery planting were respectively carried out, wherein the compound fertilizer of glutamine provided in example 1 was applied at the time of planting as an experimental area (experimental group) and nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizers (N, P) without glutamine were used 2 O 5 、K 2 And O is respectively 18%, 18% and 18%) as common areas (control groups), comparison tests are carried out, as shown in figures 8 and 9, and the soluble solid matters, VC and nitrate of the Chinese cabbages and the celery of the control groups and the experimental groups are calculated, as shown in tables 2 and 3, it can be found that compared with the control groups, the compound fertilizer provided by the invention is more beneficial to growth of leaf vegetables, and the obtained leaf vegetables are thicker and the nitrate content is reduced.
TABLE 2 index comparison of different treatment groups of Chinese cabbage
TABLE 3 celery comparison of the indices
6. Testing the apples: the compound fertilizer provided by the embodiment 2 of the invention is respectively used for experiments on apples in the west jiacun (water land in plain district) of the town of ten-Rong county Ji county of Shanxi province and the big village (dry land in hilly district) of the town temple county of Jishan county of Bingshan county of Shanxi province, and the results are shown in fig. 11-17, and the compound fertilizer provided by the invention can be found to promote fruit hardening, increase soluble solid matters, increase single fruit weight and increase yield.
Claims (10)
1. The compound fertilizer for glucosamine is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials in percentage by weight:
25 to 40 percent of nitrogen source;
30-45% of a phosphorus source;
20 to 35 percent of potassium source;
0.2-3% of glutamic sugar, wherein the glutamic sugar comprises polyglutamic acid and glucosamine.
2. The glutamine compound fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of polyglutamic acid to glucosamine is 2-4: 1.
3. the method of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source comprises N, P 2 O 5 、K 2 The total content of O is more than 40 percent, and N and P in the phosphorus source 2 O 5 、K 2 The total content of O is more than 55 percent, and N and P in the potassium source 2 O 5 、K 2 The total content of O is more than 58 percent.
4. The glutamine composite fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that the nitrogen source is selected from one or more of urea, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride.
5. The glutamine composite fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the phosphorus source is selected from one or more of monoammonium phosphate, ammonium phosphate and superphosphate.
6. The glutamine composite fertilizer according to claim 3, wherein the potassium source is one or more selected from potassium chloride, potassium nitrate and potassium sulfate.
7. The glutamine compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the raw material for preparing the compound fertilizer further comprises fulvic acid and/or fulvic acid salt, the weight ratio of fulvic acid and/or fulvic acid salt to glucosamine is 0.5 to 2:1.
8. the glutamine compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that said raw material for producing compound fertilizer further comprises inorganic component or metallic component; the inorganic component is at least one selected from a boron source and a silicon source, and the metal component is at least one selected from a magnesium source, an aluminum source, a manganese source, a zinc source and a molybdenum source.
9. A method for preparing a compound fertilizer of glutamine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising: and mixing and granulating the preparation raw materials of the compound fertilizer to obtain the compound fertilizer.
10. The application of the compound fertilizer for the glutamine according to any one of the claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that the compound fertilizer is used for fruits, vegetables and crops.
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