CN115877377A - A radar network vector flow field synthesis method, system, device and storage medium - Google Patents
A radar network vector flow field synthesis method, system, device and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及地波雷达技术领域,尤其是一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法、系统、设备及存储介质。The present invention relates to the field of ground wave radar technology, and in particular to a radar network vector flow field synthesis method, system, equipment and storage medium.
背景技术Background Art
海流是海水中最重要的动力学参数之一,精确的观测海表流场对人类的生产生活具有重要意义。与现有的定点海流计观测、走行观测以及卫星遥感观测相比,高频地波雷达具有全天候、大范围高时空分辨率等优点。随着地波雷达技术的发展,对同一片海域的观测的雷达,逐渐从单站观测径向流,发展到双基站合成矢量流,再到多基站组网观测。相关技术中地波雷达组网技术通常使用回波数据质量对同一点不同雷达的观测进行筛选,进而合成矢量流场。但是该方法依赖于回波数据质量选择合成,没有考虑到海洋流场的物理过程,合成的矢量流场的准确度较低。综合上述,相关技术中存在的技术问题亟需得到解决。Ocean current is one of the most important dynamic parameters in seawater, and accurate observation of sea surface flow field is of great significance to human production and life. Compared with existing fixed-point current meter observations, running observations and satellite remote sensing observations, high-frequency ground wave radar has the advantages of all-weather, large-scale and high temporal and spatial resolution. With the development of ground wave radar technology, radars observing the same sea area have gradually developed from single-station observation of radial flow to dual-base station synthetic vector flow, and then to multi-base station network observation. In related technologies, ground wave radar networking technology usually uses echo data quality to screen observations of different radars at the same point, and then synthesizes vector flow fields. However, this method relies on the quality of echo data to select synthesis, without taking into account the physical process of the ocean flow field, and the accuracy of the synthesized vector flow field is low. In summary, the technical problems existing in related technologies need to be solved urgently.
发明内容Summary of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明实施例提供一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法、系统、设备及存储介质,以实现提高合成流场的准确度。In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radar network vector flow field synthesis method, system, device and storage medium to improve the accuracy of the synthesized flow field.
一方面,本发明提供了一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法,包括:On the one hand, the present invention provides a radar network vector flow field synthesis method, comprising:
获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据;Obtain radar radial data of radar network;
对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据;Performing fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data;
将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型;Inputting the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model;
获取待合成的雷达观测数据,将所述待合成的雷达观测数据输入所述训练完成的雷达组网模型,得到合成矢量流场。The radar observation data to be synthesized is obtained, and the radar observation data to be synthesized is input into the trained radar networking model to obtain a synthesized vector flow field.
可选地,所述对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据,包括:Optionally, performing fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data includes:
所述海洋观测数据包括定点观测数据和走航观测数据;The ocean observation data includes fixed-point observation data and cruise observation data;
对所述雷达组网中探测范围重叠的区域进行定点观测处理,得到定点观测数据;Performing fixed-point observation processing on the areas where the detection ranges overlap in the radar network to obtain fixed-point observation data;
对所述雷达组网中高精区域和边缘区域进行走航观测处理,得到走航观测数据。The high-precision area and the edge area in the radar network are subjected to cruise observation processing to obtain cruise observation data.
可选地,所述将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Optionally, inputting the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model includes:
对所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据进行数据预处理,得到训练数据集;Performing data preprocessing on the ocean observation data and the radar radial data to obtain a training data set;
将所述训练数据集中每两台雷达之间的雷达径向数据进行合成处理,得到雷达合成流场数据集;Synthesize the radar radial data between every two radars in the training data set to obtain a radar synthetic flow field data set;
将所述雷达合成流场数据集输入未训练的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The radar synthetic flow field data set is input into an untrained radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model.
可选地,所述对所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据进行数据预处理,得到训练数据集,包括:Optionally, the performing data preprocessing on the ocean observation data and the radar radial data to obtain a training data set includes:
根据反距离加权算法对所述雷达径向数据进行空间网格化处理,得到网格化数据;Performing spatial gridding processing on the radar radial data according to an inverse distance weighted algorithm to obtain gridded data;
对所述海洋观测数据和所述网格化数据进行逐时平均处理,得到训练数据集。The ocean observation data and the gridded data are averaged hourly to obtain a training data set.
可选地,所述将所述训练数据集中每两台雷达之间的雷达径向数据进行合成处理,得到雷达合成流场数据集,包括:Optionally, synthesizing the radar radial data between every two radars in the training data set to obtain a radar synthetic flow field data set includes:
获取第一径向数据和第二径向数据,所述第一径向数据和所述第二径向数据分别为所述训练数据集中任意两台雷达的雷达径向数据;Acquire first radial data and second radial data, where the first radial data and the second radial data are radar radial data of any two radars in the training data set;
根据所述第一径向数据的径向速度和方向角和所述第二径向数据的径向速度和方向角,计算得到雷达合成流场数据集。A radar synthetic flow field data set is obtained by calculation according to the radial velocity and azimuth of the first radial data and the radial velocity and azimuth of the second radial data.
可选地,所述将所述雷达合成流场数据集输入未训练的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Optionally, inputting the radar synthetic flow field data set into an untrained radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model includes:
对所述雷达合成流场数据集进行标准化处理,得到标准化数据;Performing standardization processing on the radar synthetic flow field data set to obtain standardized data;
根据网格搜索法对所述未训练的雷达组网模型进行参数初始化处理,得到初始化的雷达组网模型;Performing parameter initialization processing on the untrained radar networking model according to a grid search method to obtain an initialized radar networking model;
将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The standardized data is input into the initialized radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model.
可选地,所述将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Optionally, inputting the standardized data into the initialized radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model includes:
获取海洋观测数据;Obtain ocean observation data;
将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到输出结果;Inputting the standardized data into the initialized radar networking model to obtain an output result;
根据所述输出结果和所述海洋观测数据计算得到模型误差;Calculate the model error according to the output result and the ocean observation data;
根据所述模型误差通过链式法则对雷达组网模型进行更新,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The radar networking model is updated according to the model error by using the chain rule to obtain a trained radar networking model.
另一方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种雷达组网矢量流场合成系统,包括:On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radar network vector flow field synthesis system, including:
第一模块,用于获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据;The first module is used to obtain radar radial data of the radar network;
第二模块,用于对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据;The second module is used to perform fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data;
第三模块,用于将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型;The third module is used to input the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model;
第四模块,用于获取待合成的雷达观测数据,将所述待合成的雷达观测数据输入所述训练完成的雷达组网模型,得到合成矢量流场。The fourth module is used to obtain radar observation data to be synthesized, input the radar observation data to be synthesized into the trained radar networking model, and obtain a synthetic vector flow field.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种电子设备,包括处理器以及存储器;On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses an electronic device, including a processor and a memory;
所述存储器用于存储程序;The memory is used to store programs;
所述处理器执行所述程序实现如前面所述的方法。The processor executes the program to implement the method described above.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质存储有程序,所述程序被处理器执行实现如前面所述的方法。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method described above.
另一方面,本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序,该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令,该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令,处理器执行该计算机指令,使得该计算机设备执行前面的方法。On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the above method.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比,具有以下技术效果:本发明实施例通过获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据;对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据;将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型;获取待合成的雷达观测数据,将所述待合成的雷达观测数据输入所述训练完成的雷达组网模型,得到合成矢量流场。该方法可以通过海洋观测数据训练得到的雷达组网模型提高合成矢量流场的准确性,有利于得到更为精确的雷达组网矢量流场。Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects: the embodiment of the present invention obtains the radar radial data of the radar network; performs fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data; inputs the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model; obtains the radar observation data to be synthesized, and inputs the radar observation data to be synthesized into the trained radar networking model to obtain a synthetic vector flow field. This method can improve the accuracy of the synthetic vector flow field through the radar networking model obtained by training with ocean observation data, which is conducive to obtaining a more accurate radar networking vector flow field.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法的流程图;FIG1 is a flow chart of a radar network vector flow field synthesis method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种雷达组网覆盖范围图;FIG2 is a radar network coverage diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种雷达径向数据的合成原理图;FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a synthesis principle of radar radial data provided by an embodiment of the present application;
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种雷达组网模型的框架图。FIG4 is a framework diagram of a radar networking model provided in an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请,并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
首先,对本申请中涉及的若干名词进行解析:First, some nouns involved in this application are analyzed:
BP神经网络:BP神经网络是一种按照误差反向传播训练的多层前馈网络,包括输入层、隐含层和输出层。若前向传播的实际输出与期望输出不符,则进行误差反向传播,调整网络中的权重和偏差来改变损失函数值。BP neural network: BP neural network is a multi-layer feedforward network trained according to error back propagation, including input layer, hidden layer and output layer. If the actual output of forward propagation does not match the expected output, error back propagation is performed to adjust the weights and biases in the network to change the loss function value.
高频地波雷达:地波雷达是一种主要的对海探测手段。其探测原理是利用导电海洋表面绕射传播衰减小的特点,发射高频电波,可以突破地平线探测到300公里外的目标,且探测精度较高。High-frequency ground wave radar: Ground wave radar is a major means of sea detection. Its detection principle is to use the characteristic of small diffraction propagation attenuation of the conductive ocean surface to emit high-frequency radio waves, which can break through the horizon and detect targets 300 kilometers away with high detection accuracy.
相关技术中,对矢量流场合成的方法一般是基于双基雷达进行合成,通过回波信号的信噪比作为选择组网方案的标准,对不同空间点使用的雷达进行选取后合成得到的矢量流场。但是相关的矢量流场合成方法在应用于多基雷达时适用性有所局限,并且没有考虑到海洋流场的物理过程,以及现场观测数据对组网方案的约束,合成得到的矢量流场的准确度不高。In the related art, the method of synthesizing vector flow field is generally based on bistatic radar, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the echo signal is used as the standard for selecting the networking scheme, and the radars used at different spatial points are selected and synthesized to obtain the vector flow field. However, the applicability of the related vector flow field synthesis method is limited when applied to multi-base radar, and it does not take into account the physical process of the ocean flow field and the constraints of the field observation data on the networking scheme. The accuracy of the synthesized vector flow field is not high.
有鉴于此,本申请实施例中提供一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法,本申请实施例中的合成方法,可应用于终端中,也可应用于服务器中,还可以是运行于终端或服务器中的软件等。终端可以是平板电脑、笔记本电脑、台式计算机等,但并不局限于此。服务器可以是独立的物理服务器,也可以是多个物理服务器构成的服务器集群或者分布式系统,还可以是提供云服务、云数据库、云计算、云函数、云存储、网络服务、云通信、中间件服务、域名服务、安全服务、CDN、以及大数据和人工智能平台等基础云计算服务的云服务器。In view of this, a radar networking vector flow field synthesis method is provided in an embodiment of the present application. The synthesis method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a terminal, can be applied to a server, or can be software running in a terminal or a server. The terminal can be a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, etc., but is not limited thereto. The server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.
参照图1,本发明实施例提供一种雷达组网矢量流场合成方法,包括:1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a radar network vector flow field synthesis method, including:
S101、获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据;S101, obtaining radar radial data of the radar network;
S102、对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据;S102, performing fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data;
S103、将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型;S103, inputting the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training, to obtain a trained radar networking model;
S104、获取待合成的雷达观测数据,将所述待合成的雷达观测数据输入所述训练完成的雷达组网模型,得到合成矢量流场。S104, obtaining radar observation data to be synthesized, and inputting the radar observation data to be synthesized into the trained radar networking model to obtain a synthesized vector flow field.
在本发明实施例中,通过获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据和通过海洋观测技术得到的海洋观测数据,将雷达径向数据和海洋观测数据输入雷达组网模型进行训练,通过机器学习训练出雷达数据与海洋信息相结合的最优参数,从而达到使修正后的雷达回波数据与真实海洋信息误差最小化,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,通过训练完成的雷达组网模型合成得到更为准确的矢量流场。本发明实施例中的雷达组网包括两部以上的高频地波雷达,能够兼容多套不同频率和型号的雷达。In an embodiment of the present invention, by acquiring radar radial data of the radar network and ocean observation data obtained by ocean observation technology, the radar radial data and the ocean observation data are input into the radar network model for training, and the optimal parameters combining the radar data and the ocean information are trained by machine learning, so as to minimize the error between the corrected radar echo data and the real ocean information, and obtain the trained radar network model, and synthesize the trained radar network model to obtain a more accurate vector flow field. The radar network in the embodiment of the present invention includes more than two high-frequency ground wave radars, and can be compatible with multiple sets of radars of different frequencies and models.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据,包括:As a further preferred implementation, the performing of fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data includes:
所述海洋观测数据包括定点观测数据和走航观测数据;The ocean observation data includes fixed-point observation data and cruise observation data;
对所述雷达组网中探测范围重叠的区域进行定点观测处理,得到定点观测数据;Performing fixed-point observation processing on the areas where the detection ranges overlap in the radar network to obtain fixed-point observation data;
对所述雷达组网中高精区域和边缘区域进行走航观测处理,得到走航观测数据。The high-precision area and the edge area in the radar network are subjected to cruise observation processing to obtain cruise observation data.
在本发明实施例中,获取得到的海洋观测数据能够使合成后的矢量流场数据更准确,通过结合机器学习方法,以海洋观测数据为目标对雷达组网模型进行训练,以误差最小化为目标函数调整雷达组网模型的权重参数,从而使合成结果更加准确。本发明实施例首先对雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测,定点观测需要在雷达组网中探测范围重叠的区域进行定点,从而获取得到定点观测数据。参照图2,图2是本申请实施例提供的一种雷达组网覆盖范围图,图中DGDA表示担杆岛站雷达覆盖范围、GUIS表示桂山岛站雷达覆盖范围、HEQI表示横琴站雷达覆盖范围、MWDA表示庙湾岛站雷达覆盖范围、HESD表示横山岛站雷达覆盖范围、WSDL表示伍舜德站雷达覆盖范围、Radar_station表示雷达站位置,ADCP表示声学多普勒流速剖面仪,path表示路线。走航观测需要经过雷达组网中的高精区域和边缘区域,其中,高精区域是指与任意两部雷达间连线夹角大于30°小于120°或数据获取率大于80%的区域;边缘区域是指雷达组网的覆盖区域的边缘位置。通过走航观测技术获取得到走航观测数据,将定点观测数据和走航观测数据统一为海洋观测数据。In an embodiment of the present invention, the ocean observation data obtained can make the synthesized vector flow field data more accurate. By combining the machine learning method, the radar networking model is trained with the ocean observation data as the target, and the weight parameters of the radar networking model are adjusted with error minimization as the objective function, so that the synthesis result is more accurate. In an embodiment of the present invention, the coverage area of the radar network is first fixed-point observation and cruise observation. The fixed-point observation needs to be fixed in the area where the detection range overlaps in the radar network, so as to obtain the fixed-point observation data. Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 is a radar network coverage diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which DGDA represents the radar coverage of Danggan Island Station, GUIS represents the radar coverage of Guishan Island Station, HEQI represents the radar coverage of Hengqin Station, MWDA represents the radar coverage of Miaowan Island Station, HESD represents the radar coverage of Hengshan Island Station, WSDL represents the radar coverage of Wu Shunde Station, Radar_station represents the radar station position, ADCP represents the acoustic Doppler current profiler, and path represents the route. Cruise observation needs to pass through the high-precision area and edge area in the radar network. The high-precision area refers to the area where the angle between any two radars is greater than 30° and less than 120° or the data acquisition rate is greater than 80%; the edge area refers to the edge position of the coverage area of the radar network. Cruise observation data is obtained through cruise observation technology, and fixed-point observation data and cruise observation data are unified into ocean observation data.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Further as a preferred implementation manner, the inputting the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model comprises:
对所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据进行数据预处理,得到训练数据集;Performing data preprocessing on the ocean observation data and the radar radial data to obtain a training data set;
将所述训练数据集中每两台雷达之间的雷达径向数据进行合成处理,得到雷达合成流场数据集;Synthesize the radar radial data between every two radars in the training data set to obtain a radar synthetic flow field data set;
将所述雷达合成流场数据集输入未训练的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The radar synthetic flow field data set is input into an untrained radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model.
在本发明实施例中,将海洋观测数据和雷达径向数据进行数据预处理,统一雷达组网中不同雷达检测得到的雷达径向数据和海洋观测数据的时空分辨率,得到训练数据集。将训练数据集中所有分辨率统一的雷达径向数据进行两两合成处理,得到雷达合成流场数据集。将雷达合成流场数据集输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练处理,最终得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。在本发明实施例中,该雷达组网模型采用BP神经网络模型构建得到。In an embodiment of the present invention, the ocean observation data and the radar radial data are preprocessed, and the temporal and spatial resolutions of the radar radial data and the ocean observation data detected by different radars in the radar network are unified to obtain a training data set. All radar radial data with unified resolution in the training data set are synthesized in pairs to obtain a radar synthetic flow field data set. The radar synthetic flow field data set is input into an untrained radar networking model for training processing, and finally a trained radar networking model is obtained. In an embodiment of the present invention, the radar networking model is constructed using a BP neural network model.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述对所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据进行数据预处理,得到训练数据集,包括:As a further preferred implementation, the data preprocessing of the ocean observation data and the radar radial data to obtain a training data set includes:
根据反距离加权算法对所述雷达径向数据进行空间网格化处理,得到网格化数据;Performing spatial gridding processing on the radar radial data according to an inverse distance weighted algorithm to obtain gridded data;
对所述海洋观测数据和所述网格化数据进行逐时平均处理,得到训练数据集。The ocean observation data and the gridded data are averaged hourly to obtain a training data set.
在本发明实施例中,对雷达径向数据和海洋观测数据进行预处理,具体通过在空间上,通过反距离加权算法将雷达径向数据在空间上进行网格化,选取雷达组网覆盖有效区域内的数据,即选取数据获取率大于60%的区域进行网格化,并将雷达径向数据坐标近似设为最近网格点的坐标,网格化的空间分辨率可以根据具体的需求而定,得到网格化数据。在时间上,对网格化数据和海洋观测数据进行逐小时平均,将网格化数据和海洋观测数据统一成分辨率为1小时的数据,得到训练数据集。In an embodiment of the present invention, radar radial data and ocean observation data are preprocessed, specifically, by spatially gridding the radar radial data through an inverse distance weighted algorithm, selecting data within the effective area covered by the radar network, that is, selecting an area with a data acquisition rate greater than 60% for gridding, and approximating the coordinates of the radar radial data to the coordinates of the nearest grid point. The spatial resolution of the gridding can be determined according to specific needs to obtain gridded data. In terms of time, the gridded data and ocean observation data are averaged hourly, and the gridded data and ocean observation data are unified into data with a resolution of 1 hour to obtain a training data set.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述将所述训练数据集中每两台雷达之间的雷达径向数据进行合成处理,得到雷达合成流场数据集,包括:As a further preferred implementation, synthesizing the radar radial data between every two radars in the training data set to obtain a radar synthetic flow field data set includes:
获取第一径向数据和第二径向数据,所述第一径向数据和所述第二径向数据分别为所述训练数据集中任意两台雷达的雷达径向数据;Acquire first radial data and second radial data, where the first radial data and the second radial data are radar radial data of any two radars in the training data set;
根据所述第一径向数据的径向速度和方向角和所述第二径向数据的径向速度和方向角,计算得到雷达合成流场数据集。A radar synthetic flow field data set is obtained by calculation according to the radial velocity and azimuth of the first radial data and the radial velocity and azimuth of the second radial data.
在本发明实施例中,雷达合成流场数据集通过将训练数据集中每两台雷达之间的雷达径向数据进行合成处理得到。本发明实施例基于矢量投影的原理,将每两台雷达之间的径向流场合成为矢量流场,合成方法如图3所示。图3中,rv、rc分别为两个雷达站点观测到的径向速度,θv、θc为径向速度的方向角,Vel为合成后的矢量流,u、v为矢量流在纬向和经向的分量。在本发明实施例中,将训练数据集中任意两台雷达的雷达径向数据称为第一径向数据和第二径向数据,根据第一径向数据的径向速度和方向角和第二径向数据的径向速度和方向角,计算得到雷达合成流场,从而得到对训练数据集中的所有数据进行合成得到雷达合成流场数据集。其中,合成计算公式如下所示:In an embodiment of the present invention, a radar synthetic flow field data set is obtained by synthesizing the radar radial data between every two radars in the training data set. Based on the principle of vector projection, the embodiment of the present invention converts the radial flow field between every two radars into a vector flow field, and the synthesis method is shown in FIG3 . In FIG3 , r v and r c are radial velocities observed by two radar stations, respectively, θ v and θ c are the azimuth angles of radial velocities, Vel is the synthesized vector flow, and u and v are the components of the vector flow in the latitudinal and longitudinal directions. In an embodiment of the present invention, the radar radial data of any two radars in the training data set are referred to as first radial data and second radial data, and the radar synthetic flow field is calculated based on the radial velocity and azimuth angle of the first radial data and the radial velocity and azimuth angle of the second radial data, thereby obtaining a radar synthetic flow field data set by synthesizing all the data in the training data set. The synthesis calculation formula is as follows:
式中,u表示合成矢量流纬向分量,v为合成矢量流经向分量,rv、rc分别为第一径向数据和第二径向数据的径向速度,θv、θc分别为第一径向数据和第二径向数据的径向速度的方向角。Wherein, u represents the latitudinal component of the resultant vector flow, v represents the meridional component of the resultant vector flow, r v and rc represent the radial velocities of the first radial data and the second radial data, respectively, and θ v and θ c represent the direction angles of the radial velocities of the first radial data and the second radial data, respectively.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述将所述雷达合成流场数据集输入未训练的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Further as a preferred implementation manner, the step of inputting the radar synthetic flow field data set into an untrained radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model includes:
对所述雷达合成流场数据集进行标准化处理,得到标准化数据;Performing standardization processing on the radar synthetic flow field data set to obtain standardized data;
根据网格搜索法对所述未训练的雷达组网模型进行参数初始化处理,得到初始化的雷达组网模型;Performing parameter initialization processing on the untrained radar networking model according to a grid search method to obtain an initialized radar networking model;
将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The standardized data is input into the initialized radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model.
在本发明实施例中,将雷达合成流场数据集输入机器学习模型进行训练,本发明实施例以BP神经网络构建得到雷达组网模型,如图4所示,训练得到雷达组网模型。本发明实施例首先对雷达合成流场数据集进行标准化处理,得到标准化数据,标准化方法公式如下:In an embodiment of the present invention, the radar synthetic flow field data set is input into the machine learning model for training. The radar networking model is constructed by the BP neural network in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG4 , the radar networking model is obtained by training. The embodiment of the present invention first performs standardization processing on the radar synthetic flow field data set to obtain standardized data. The formula of the standardization method is as follows:
式中,Xm表示标准化数据,Xoriginal表示雷达合成流场数据集中数据,Xmin表示雷达合成流场数据集中的最小值,Xmax表示雷达合成流场数据集中的最大值。Where Xm represents the standardized data, Xoriginal represents the data in the radar synthetic flow field dataset, Xmin represents the minimum value in the radar synthetic flow field dataset, and Xmax represents the maximum value in the radar synthetic flow field dataset.
本发明实施例通过网格搜索法对未训练的雷达组网模型进行参数初始化处理,使用的经验公式如下所示:The embodiment of the present invention performs parameter initialization processing on the untrained radar networking model by means of a grid search method, and the empirical formula used is as follows:
其中,p,m和n分别为隐藏层、输入层和输出层的神经元个数,q为大小在1到10以内的常数。Among them, p, m and n are the number of neurons in the hidden layer, input layer and output layer respectively, and q is a constant between 1 and 10.
本发明实施例通过网格搜索法初始化得到初始化的雷达组网模型,将通过标准化处理后的标准化数据输入初始化的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。In the embodiment of the present invention, an initialized radar networking model is obtained by initializing through a grid search method, and standardized data after standardization processing is input into the initialized radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,所述将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型,包括:Further as a preferred implementation manner, the inputting the standardized data into the initialized radar networking model to obtain a trained radar networking model includes:
获取海洋观测数据;Obtain ocean observation data;
将所述标准化数据输入所述初始化的雷达组网模型,得到输出结果;Inputting the standardized data into the initialized radar networking model to obtain an output result;
根据所述输出结果和所述海洋观测数据计算得到模型误差;Calculate the model error according to the output result and the ocean observation data;
根据所述模型误差通过链式法则对雷达组网模型进行更新,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型。The radar networking model is updated according to the model error by using the chain rule to obtain a trained radar networking model.
进一步作为优选的实施方式,参照图4,将标准化数据Xm输入初始化的雷达组网模型的输入层,其中,标准化数据为雷达合成流场数据集中的所有合成流场,Xmn表示雷达合成流场数据集中第m个雷达和第n个雷达合成得到的雷达合成流场。通过雷达合成模型中的隐藏层进行计算,隐藏层的输出公式如下所示:As a further preferred embodiment, referring to FIG. 4 , the standardized data Xm is input into the input layer of the initialized radar networking model, wherein the standardized data is all synthetic flow fields in the radar synthetic flow field data set, and Xmn represents the radar synthetic flow field synthesized by the mth radar and the nth radar in the radar synthetic flow field data set. The calculation is performed through the hidden layer in the radar synthesis model, and the output formula of the hidden layer is as follows:
式中,Uj为隐藏层第j个神经元的输出,f()为神经元激活函数的映射,vij为第i个输入变量Xi和第j个隐藏层神经元Uj的权重,为隐藏层Un第j个神经元的阈值。Where Uj is the output of the jth neuron in the hidden layer, f() is the mapping of the neuron activation function, and vij is the weight of the i-th input variable Xi and the j-th hidden layer neuron Uj . is the threshold of the jth neuron in the hidden layer Un .
将隐藏层的输出结果输入雷达组网模型的输出层Y,输出层的输出公式如下所示:The output result of the hidden layer is input into the output layer Y of the radar networking model. The output formula of the output layer is as follows:
式中,wj为第j个神经元与输出层连接的权重,Θy为输出层神经元的阈值,y为输出层的输出结果。Where wj is the weight of the connection between the jth neuron and the output layer, Θy is the threshold of the output layer neuron, and y is the output result of the output layer.
本发明实施例通过选定的目标函数计算雷达组网模型输出结果和海洋观测数据的误差,并根据链式法则对雷达组网模型中各层权重值进行更新后,再次计算输出值,如此反复训练到指定次数或目标函数收敛后停止训练,得到雷达组网模型。其中,目标函数使用损失函数(Loss Function)来衡量,损失函数是定义在单个训练数据上的,用于衡量一个训练数据的预测误差,具体是通过单个训练数据的标签和模型对该训练数据的预测结果确定该训练数据的损失值。而实际训练时,一个训练数据集有很多训练数据,因此一般采用代价函数(Cost Function)来衡量训练数据集的整体误差,代价函数是定义在整个训练数据集上的,用于计算所有训练数据的预测误差的平均值,能够更好地衡量出模型的预测效果。对于一般的机器学习模型来说,基于前述的代价函数,再加上衡量模型复杂度的正则项即可作为训练的目标函数,基于该目标函数便能求出整个训练数据集的损失值。常用的损失函数种类有很多,例如0-1损失函数、平方损失函数、绝对损失函数、对数损失函数、交叉熵损失函数等均可以作为机器学习模型的损失函数,在此不再一一阐述。本发明实施例中,可以从中任选一种损失函数来确定训练的损失值。基于训练的损失值,采用反向传播算法对模型的参数进行更新,迭代几轮即可得到训练好的雷达组网模型。具体地迭代轮数可以预先设定,或者在测试集达到精度要求时认为训练完成。本发明实施例中,可以基于BP神经网络搭建雷达组网模型。通过训练得到的雷达组网模型,将多部雷达观测得到的径向流场合成为完整的矢量流场,能够提高矢量流场合成的准确性。The embodiment of the present invention calculates the error between the output result of the radar networking model and the ocean observation data through the selected objective function, and after updating the weight value of each layer in the radar networking model according to the chain rule, the output value is calculated again, and the training is repeated until the specified number of times or the objective function converges, and the training is stopped to obtain the radar networking model. Among them, the objective function is measured by the loss function, which is defined on a single training data and is used to measure the prediction error of a training data. Specifically, the loss value of the training data is determined by the label of a single training data and the prediction result of the training data by the model. In actual training, a training data set has a lot of training data, so the cost function is generally used to measure the overall error of the training data set. The cost function is defined on the entire training data set and is used to calculate the average value of the prediction error of all training data, which can better measure the prediction effect of the model. For a general machine learning model, based on the aforementioned cost function, plus the regularization term that measures the complexity of the model, it can be used as the objective function of the training, and the loss value of the entire training data set can be calculated based on the objective function. There are many types of commonly used loss functions, such as 0-1 loss function, square loss function, absolute loss function, logarithmic loss function, cross entropy loss function, etc., which can all be used as loss functions of machine learning models, which will not be elaborated one by one here. In an embodiment of the present invention, any loss function can be selected to determine the loss value of training. Based on the loss value of the training, the parameters of the model are updated by the back propagation algorithm, and a trained radar networking model can be obtained after several rounds of iteration. Specifically, the number of iterations can be set in advance, or the training is considered to be completed when the test set meets the accuracy requirements. In an embodiment of the present invention, a radar networking model can be built based on a BP neural network. The radar networking model obtained by training converts the radial flow field observed by multiple radars into a complete vector flow field, which can improve the accuracy of vector flow field synthesis.
另一方面,本发明实施例还提供了一种雷达组网矢量流场合成系统,包括:On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a radar network vector flow field synthesis system, including:
第一模块,用于获取雷达组网的雷达径向数据;The first module is used to obtain radar radial data of the radar network;
第二模块,用于对所述雷达组网的覆盖区域进行定点观测和走航观测处理,得到海洋观测数据;The second module is used to perform fixed-point observation and cruise observation processing on the coverage area of the radar network to obtain ocean observation data;
第三模块,用于将所述海洋观测数据和所述雷达径向数据输入未训练的雷达组网模型进行训练,得到训练完成的雷达组网模型;The third module is used to input the ocean observation data and the radar radial data into an untrained radar networking model for training to obtain a trained radar networking model;
第四模块,用于获取待合成的雷达观测数据,将所述待合成的雷达观测数据输入所述训练完成的雷达组网模型,得到合成矢量流场。The fourth module is used to obtain radar observation data to be synthesized, input the radar observation data to be synthesized into the trained radar networking model, and obtain a synthetic vector flow field.
与图1的方法相对应,本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备,包括处理器以及存储器;所述存储器用于存储程序;所述处理器执行所述程序实现如前面所述的方法。Corresponding to the method of FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a program; the processor executes the program to implement the method described above.
与图1的方法相对应,本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述存储介质存储有程序,所述程序被处理器执行实现如前面所述的方法。Corresponding to the method of FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores a program, and the program is executed by a processor to implement the method described above.
本发明实施例还公开了一种计算机程序产品或计算机程序,该计算机程序产品或计算机程序包括计算机指令,该计算机指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中。计算机设备的处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机指令,处理器执行该计算机指令,使得该计算机设备执行图1所示的方法。The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a computer program product or a computer program, which includes a computer instruction stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device can read the computer instruction from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instruction, so that the computer device executes the method shown in FIG1.
综上所述,本发明实施例具有以下优点:本发明实施例通过使用机器学习的方法,结合海洋观测数据约束矢量海流的合成算法,以海洋观测数据与雷达数据的误差最小化为目标函数,而非仅通过雷达回波数据质量选择合成矢量流场的雷达,充分考虑了真实的海洋环境和物理过程,从而提高了矢量流场合成的准确度。In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages: the embodiments of the present invention use a machine learning method combined with an algorithm for synthesizing vector currents constrained by ocean observation data, and take minimizing the error between ocean observation data and radar data as the objective function, rather than only selecting a radar for synthesizing vector flow fields based on the quality of radar echo data. This fully considers the actual ocean environment and physical processes, thereby improving the accuracy of vector flow field synthesis.
在一些可选择的实施例中,在方框图中提到的功能/操作可以不按照操作示图提到的顺序发生。例如,取决于所涉及的功能/操作,连续示出的两个方框实际上可以被大体上同时地执行或所述方框有时能以相反顺序被执行。此外,在本发明的流程图中所呈现和描述的实施例以示例的方式被提供,目的在于提供对技术更全面的理解。所公开的方法不限于本文所呈现的操作和逻辑流程。可选择的实施例是可预期的,其中各种操作的顺序被改变以及其中被描述为较大操作的一部分的子操作被独立地执行。In some selectable embodiments, the function/operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function/operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the present invention is provided by way of example, for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Selectable embodiments are expected, wherein the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operation of a part for which is described as a larger operation is performed independently.
此外,虽然在功能性模块的背景下描述了本发明,但应当理解的是,除非另有相反说明,所述的功能和/或特征中的一个或多个可以被集成在单个物理装置和/或软件模块中,或者一个或多个功能和/或特征可以在单独的物理装置或软件模块中被实现。还可以理解的是,有关每个模块的实际实现的详细讨论对于理解本发明是不必要的。更确切地说,考虑到在本文中公开的装置中各种功能模块的属性、功能和内部关系的情况下,在工程师的常规技术内将会了解该模块的实际实现。因此,本领域技术人员运用普通技术就能够在无需过度试验的情况下实现在权利要求书中所阐明的本发明。还可以理解的是,所公开的特定概念仅仅是说明性的,并不意在限制本发明的范围,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书及其等同方案的全部范围来决定。In addition, although the present invention is described in the context of functional modules, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, one or more of the functions and/or features described may be integrated into a single physical device and/or software module, or one or more functions and/or features may be implemented in separate physical devices or software modules. It is also understood that a detailed discussion of the actual implementation of each module is unnecessary for understanding the present invention. More specifically, in view of the properties, functions, and internal relationships of the various functional modules in the device disclosed herein, the actual implementation of the module will be understood within the conventional skills of the engineer. Therefore, those skilled in the art can implement the present invention set forth in the claims without excessive experimentation using ordinary techniques. It is also understood that the specific concepts disclosed are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is determined by the full scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来,该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中,包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机,服务器,或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.
在流程图中表示或在此以其他方式描述的逻辑和/或步骤,例如,可以被认为是用于实现逻辑功能的可执行指令的定序列表,可以具体实现在任何计算机可读介质中,以供指令执行系统、装置或设备(如基于计算机的系统、包括处理器的系统或其他可以从指令执行系统、装置或设备取指令并执行指令的系统)使用,或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用。就本说明书而言,“计算机可读介质”可以是任何可以包含、存储、通信、传播或传输程序以供指令执行系统、装置或设备或结合这些指令执行系统、装置或设备而使用的装置。The logic and/or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in conjunction with such instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses.
计算机可读介质的更具体的示例(非穷尽性列表)包括以下:具有一个或多个布线的电连接部(电子装置),便携式计算机盘盒(磁装置),随机存取存储器(RAM),只读存储器(ROM),可擦除可编辑只读存储器(EPROM或闪速存储器),光纤装置,以及便携式光盘只读存储器(CDROM)。另外,计算机可读介质甚至可以是可在其上打印所述程序的纸或其他合适的介质,因为可以例如通过对纸或其他介质进行光学扫描,接着进行编辑、解译或必要时以其他合适方式进行处理来以电子方式获得所述程序,然后将其存储在计算机存储器中。More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk case (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be a paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, deciphering or, if necessary, processing in another suitable manner, and then stored in a computer memory.
应当理解,本发明的各部分可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的组合来实现。在上述实施方式中,多个步骤或方法可以用存储在存储器中且由合适的指令执行系统执行的软件或固件来实现。例如,如果用硬件来实现,和在另一实施方式中一样,可用本领域公知的下列技术中的任一项或他们的组合来实现:具有用于对数据信号实现逻辑功能的逻辑门电路的离散逻辑电路,具有合适的组合逻辑门电路的专用集成电路,可编程门阵列(PGA),现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)等。It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.
在本说明书的描述中,参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
以上是对本发明的较佳实施进行了具体说明,但本发明并不限于所述实施例,熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变形或替换,这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art may make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without violating the spirit of the present invention. These equivalent modifications or substitutions are all included in the scope defined by the claims of this application.
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