CN115906397B - A method for back-calculating dynamic reserves of hydrocarbon-bearing height in finite closed massive oil and gas reservoirs - Google Patents
A method for back-calculating dynamic reserves of hydrocarbon-bearing height in finite closed massive oil and gas reservoirs Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于油气田开发及油藏工程技术领域，具体涉及一种有限封闭块状油气藏含烃高度的动储量反算方法。为了克服现有技术中的问题，本发明提供一种有限封闭块状油气藏含烃高度的动储量反算方法，获取目标井的生产动态数据；利用月度井口压力数据并通过压力梯度计算出井底流压及地层压力；根据目标井的类型选择物质平衡方程，再通过物质平衡方程得到目标井的动态储量；通过地质资料及钻完井资料，根据目标井的布井方式选择不同形态的泄流体模型进行动储量反算含烃高度。本发明通过生产动态数据可以简单、方便地求出含烃高度，计算结果准确可靠，成功克服了静态描述手段的局限性，对断块块状油藏合理高校开发和生产管理具有重要的指导意义。
The present invention belongs to the field of oil and gas field development and reservoir engineering technology, and specifically relates to a dynamic reserve back-calculation method for the hydrocarbon height of a limited closed block oil and gas reservoir. In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic reserve back-calculation method for the hydrocarbon height of a limited closed block oil and gas reservoir, which obtains the production dynamic data of the target well; uses the monthly wellhead pressure data and calculates the bottom hole flow pressure and formation pressure through the pressure gradient; selects the material balance equation according to the type of the target well, and then obtains the dynamic reserves of the target well through the material balance equation; through geological data and drilling and completion data, selects different forms of leakage fluid models according to the well layout of the target well to perform dynamic reserve back-calculation of the hydrocarbon height. The present invention can simply and conveniently calculate the hydrocarbon height through production dynamic data, and the calculation results are accurate and reliable, successfully overcoming the limitations of static description methods, and has important guiding significance for the rational development and production management of fault block oil reservoirs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development and oil reservoir engineering, and particularly relates to an dynamic reserve back calculation method for a limited closed block-shaped hydrocarbon reservoir.
Background
With the development of the petroleum industry, massive reservoirs are one of the most important oil and gas exploration fields worldwide. In recent years, large-scale broken block-shaped oil and gas fields are continuously discovered in the Tarim basin, the Earthwest basin and the like in China, the proportion of the oil and gas reservoirs in the national oil and gas resources is continuously increased, the development potential is gradually increased, the method is an important field of future oil and gas storage, and how to reasonably and effectively develop the oil reservoirs becomes a problem to be solved in the petroleum field.
A large number of sliding blocks are developed in the western block-shaped oil and gas reservoir stratum in China, and a fracture-cavity type reservoir body is formed after being transformed by multi-stage karst action, and a plurality of fracture-cavity type reservoirs are independent limited closed oil and gas reservoir units. The reservoir type of the fracture-cavity reservoir body is mainly large karst cavities, cracks and holes are auxiliary, the fracture-cavity reservoir body is distributed in a block shape along large broken block strips, the fracture-cavity reservoir body has the discontinuous characteristic, and the reservoir plane is in a strip shape along the broken blocks and is in a plate shape along the broken blocks. The heterogeneity in the block-shaped oil reservoir is extremely strong, and drilling can not realize drilling through the bottom of the oil reservoir to obtain the true hydrocarbon-containing height due to engineering factors such as emptying leakage and the like.
The hydrocarbon-containing height refers to the vertical distance from the bottom boundary of the reservoir to the top boundary of the reservoir, and is a critical parameter for determining the size of the reservoir, the research of the reservoir and the production management. At present, the hydrocarbon-containing height is usually determined by using a static seismic engraving description means in the industry, but the static method is often low in precision and inaccurate in result. The method for calculating the hydrocarbon-containing height of the limited closed block oil reservoir is less in research aiming at the dynamic calculation method of the hydrocarbon-containing height of the limited closed block oil reservoir, and therefore the method is innovated, the hydrocarbon-containing height of the limited closed block oil reservoir can be simply and conveniently calculated through production dynamic data, the calculation result is accurate and reliable, the limitation of static description means is successfully overcome, and the method has important guiding significance for reasonable college development and production management of the broken block oil reservoir.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a dynamic reserve back calculation method for the hydrocarbon-containing height of a limited closed block-shaped hydrocarbon reservoir, which solves the technical problem of low accuracy of the conventional static description means.
The technical scheme provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is that an dynamic reserve back calculation method for the hydrocarbon-containing height of a limited closed block-shaped hydrocarbon reservoir comprises the following steps:
S10, acquiring production dynamic data of a target well, and acquiring month wellhead pressure data according to the production dynamic data;
Step S20, calculating the bottom hole flow pressure and the stratum pressure by utilizing the monthly wellhead pressure data and through a pressure gradient;
S30, selecting a material balance equation according to the type of the target well, and obtaining the dynamic reserve of the target well through the material balance equation;
And S40, selecting different forms of drainage fluid models according to the well distribution mode of the target well through geological data and well drilling and completion data to perform the dynamic reserve back calculation of the hydrocarbon-containing height.
The further technical scheme is that the specific process of step S20 is as follows:
step S201, selecting pressure data of each month wellhead, and obtaining the bottom hole flow pressure through a known pressure gradient;
step S202, linearly regressing the bottom hole flow pressure, and fitting to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure straight line;
And step S203, calculating a stratum pressure straight line by utilizing the bottom hole flow pressure straight line, so that stratum pressure values are all larger than the maximum value of the bottom hole flow pressure.
In a further technical scheme, when the target well is an oil well in the step S30, the following closed unsaturated reservoir substance balance equation is selected:
NBoiCtΔp＝NpBo+NwBw
Wherein the formula comprises N-dynamic reserves, m 3;Boi -original condition crude oil volume coefficient, dimensionless, C t -oil reservoir total compression coefficient, 1/MPa, N p -cumulative oil yield, m 3;Nw -cumulative water yield, m 3;Bo -crude oil volume coefficient, dimensionless, B w -water volume coefficient, dimensionless, C o -crude oil compression coefficient, 1/MPa, C w -water compression coefficient, 1/MPa, S wi -irreducible water saturation, dimensionless, C f -rock compression coefficient, 1/MPa, Δp-pressure difference and MPa;
when the target well is a gas well, then the following constant volume reservoir mass balance equation is selected:
GBgi＝(N-Gp)Bg
wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3;Bgi -original condition gas volume coefficient, G p -accumulated gas yield, m 3;Bg -gas volume coefficient under the current pressure.
In a further technical scheme, when the target well is an oil well in the step S30, a specific calculation process of the dynamic reserve of the target well is as follows:
in step S31, let the abscissa x= Δp, and the ordinate y=n pBo+NwBw, draw a reservoir material balance straight line, and then the closed unsaturated material balance equation becomes:
Y=NBoiCtX
Wherein, the N-dynamic reserves, m 3;Boi -original condition crude oil volume coefficient, dimensionless, C t -oil reservoir total compression coefficient, 1/MPa;
Step S32, drawing a material balance analysis curve by using related data, wherein the curve is a straight line passing through an origin, and a linear equation can be obtained by data points on the straight line, so that the slope alpha of the straight line can be obtained:
Y=αX
Wherein the slope of the alpha-straight line is m 3/MPa;
step S33, the dynamic geological reserve N of the oil reservoir can be obtained through the slope of the linear equation;
Wherein, B oi is the volume coefficient of crude oil under original condition, C t is the total compression coefficient of oil reservoir, 1/MPa, and N is the dynamic reserve, m 3.
In a further technical scheme, when the target well is a gas well in the step S30, a specific calculation process of the dynamic reserve of the target well is as follows:
step S301, replacing a material balance equation according to the definition of the gas volume coefficient, and rewriting the material balance equation into:
Wherein, p-current pressure, MPa, p i -original pressure, MPa, deviation coefficient under Z-current pressure, dimensionless, deviation coefficient under Z i -original condition, dimensionless;
Step S302, drawing a material balance analysis straight line by using related data, wherein the ordinate axis is a stratum pressure coefficient, the abscissa axis is a cumulative gas production amount, and extrapolating the straight line to p/Z=0 to obtain a dynamic reserve G;
N=Gp
Wherein G p -cumulative gas production, m 3, N-dynamic reserves, m 3.
In the further technical scheme, in the step S40, if a target well is drilled on a large-scale fault block, a cuboid drainage model distributed along the large-scale fault block is selected for carrying out the inverse calculation of the volume of the drainage fluid, wherein the cuboid drainage model is controlled by the drainage length L, the drainage width B and the hydrocarbon-containing height H, and the hydrocarbon-containing height H is obtained by substituting the explanation data of a well test into related data;
If the target well is beaten on the small-sized broken block, a cylinder drainage model is selected for carrying out the back calculation of the volume of the drainage fluid, the cylinder drainage model is controlled by the drainage radius R and the hydrocarbon-containing height H, and the hydrocarbon-containing height H is obtained by substituting the explanation data of the well test into the related data.
In a further technical scheme, if the target well is drilled on a large fault block in the step S40, the calculation formula of the hydrocarbon-containing height is as follows:
Wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3, phi-reservoir porosity and S wi -irreducible water saturation.
In a further technical scheme, if the target well is hit on a small-sized fault block in the step S40, the calculation formula of the hydrocarbon-containing height is as follows:
Wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3, phi-reservoir porosity and S wi -irreducible water saturation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the calculation method of the hydrocarbon-containing height suitable for the limited closed block-shaped oil and gas reservoir is determined based on the mass balance principle, the hydrocarbon-containing height of the oil and gas reservoir can be conveniently and rapidly calculated through dynamic data production, the scale of the complex oil reservoir of the limited closed block-shaped oil reservoir can be effectively judged, and a reliable basis is provided for the efficient development of the oil reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an unsaturated reservoir material balance;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gas reservoir mass balance;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rectangular parallelepiped drainage model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cylinder bleed model;
FIG. 5 is a line graph of the bottom hole flow pressure of the Y-3 well versus the formation pressure;
FIG. 6 is a line graph of Y-3 well mass balance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings.
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the invention, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
The invention relates to a method for back calculation of dynamic reserve of hydrocarbon-containing height of a limited closed block-shaped hydrocarbon reservoir, which comprises the steps of collecting production dynamic data and well test interpretation data of a certain oil (gas) well of the limited closed block-shaped hydrocarbon reservoir to obtain production dynamic data such as monthly wellhead flow pressure, accumulated water yield, accumulated oil yield, accumulated gas yield, volume coefficient and the like of the oil (gas) well, drawing wellhead flow pressure dynamic curves from the production dynamic data, calculating bottom hole flow pressure and stratum pressure through the wellhead flow pressure curves, selecting a material balance equation according to the type of the oil (gas) well, obtaining the dynamic reserve of the oil (gas) well through a material balance straight line, finally, back calculating a cuboid fracture cavity unit body drainage model according to geology and drilling completion data to obtain the hydrocarbon-containing height, and back calculating the fracture cavity unit body drainage model of the oil (gas) well on a small-sized fracture block, and the method comprises the following steps:
Step S10, collecting production dynamic data, PVT data and well test interpretation data of a certain oil (gas) well of a limited closed block-shaped oil (gas) reservoir, and obtaining relevant basic production data to obtain month production dynamic data of the oil (gas) well, wherein the month production dynamic data are shown in a table 1;
table 1 dynamic data sample table for producing certain oil-gas well of limited closed block oil reservoir
Step S20, calculating the bottom hole flow pressure and the formation pressure through a pressure gradient by utilizing the month wellhead pressure data obtained from the production dynamic data;
step S201, selecting pressure data of each month wellhead, and obtaining the bottom hole flow pressure through a known pressure gradient;
step S202, linearly regressing the bottom hole flow pressure, and fitting to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure straight line;
Step S203, calculating a stratum pressure straight line by utilizing the bottom hole flow pressure straight line, so that stratum pressure values are all larger than the maximum value of the bottom hole flow pressure;
Step S30, using the obtained bottom hole flow pressure and the stratum pressure to make a difference to obtain a pressure difference delta p, and finishing to obtain wellhead pressure, bottom hole flow pressure, stratum pressure and pressure difference data sheets of the oil and gas well, as shown in a table 2;
table 2 pressure calculation data sample table for certain oil-gas well of limited closed block oil reservoir
Step S40, finishing to obtain cumulative oil yield, cumulative gas yield and cumulative water yield of each well through a monthly production data table of the oil (gas) well, and uniformly converting the unit into 10 4m3 as shown in a table 3;
TABLE 3 preparation of data sample table for mass balance calculation of certain Block reservoir well
S50, selecting different material balance equations according to the production dynamic data and the oil gas well type, and obtaining the dynamic reserve of the target well through the material balance equations;
If the well is an oil well, the relevant data (volume coefficient, compression coefficient, accumulated water yield, accumulated oil yield and accumulated gas yield) obtained in the steps are arranged into a table, and are substituted into a closed unsaturated oil reservoir substance balance equation;
NBoiCtΔp＝NpBo+NwBw
Wherein the formula comprises N-dynamic reserves, m 3;Boi -original condition crude oil volume coefficient, dimensionless, C t -reservoir total compression coefficient, 1/MPa, N p -cumulative oil yield, m 3;Nw -cumulative water yield, m 3;Bo -crude oil volume coefficient, dimensionless, B w -water volume coefficient, dimensionless, C o -crude oil compression coefficient, 1/MPa, C w -water compression coefficient, 1/MPa, S wi -irreducible water saturation, dimensionless, C f -rock compression coefficient and 1/MPa;
Let x= Δp on the abscissa and Y = N pBo+NwBw on the ordinate, draw a reservoir mass balance straight line, then the closed unsaturated mass balance equation becomes:
Y=NBoiCtX
drawing a material balance analysis curve by using the related data, wherein the curve is a straight line passing through an origin, as shown in fig. 1, a linear equation can be obtained by data points on the straight line, and the slope alpha of the straight line can be obtained:
Y=αX
Wherein the slope of the alpha-straight line is m 3/MPa;
the dynamic geological reserve N of the oil reservoir can be obtained through the slope of the linear equation;
wherein, B oi is the volume coefficient of crude oil under original condition, the dimensionless is the total compression coefficient of C t -oil reservoir is 1/MPa, the N-dynamic reserve is m 3;
if the well is a gas well, the relevant data (volume coefficient, stratum pressure coefficient and accumulated gas yield) obtained in the steps are arranged in a table, and are substituted into a constant volume gas reservoir substance balance equation;
GBgi＝(G-Gp)Bg
Wherein G is dynamic reserve, m 3;Bgi is the original condition gas volume coefficient, G p is the accumulated gas yield, and m 3;Bg is the gas volume coefficient under the current pressure.
And replacing a material balance equation according to the definition of the gas volume coefficient, and rewriting the material balance equation into:
Wherein, p is the current pressure, MPa, p i is the original pressure, MPa, the deviation coefficient under Z is the current pressure, the deviation coefficient under Z i is the original condition, and the factor is not the factor.
Drawing a material balance analysis straight line by using related data, wherein the ordinate axis is a stratum pressure coefficient, the abscissa axis is a cumulative gas yield, and extrapolating the straight line to p/Z=0 to obtain a gas well dynamic reserve G as shown in fig. 2;
G=Gp
S60, according to geological data and well drilling and completion data, selecting different forms of drainage fluid models according to well distribution modes of oil (gas) wells to perform dynamic reserve back calculation of hydrocarbon-containing height H;
If the oil (gas) well is beaten on the large-scale broken block, then selecting a cuboid drainage model distributed along the large-scale broken block to perform the inverse calculation of the drainage volume, wherein as shown in figure 3, the cuboid drainage model is controlled by a drainage length L, a drainage width B and a hydrocarbon-containing height H, and the hydrocarbon-containing height H is obtained by substituting the test interpretation data into the relevant data (the well without the test interpretation data can adopt half the distance between the well and the adjacent well as the drainage length L, and the drainage width B can be expressed by an earthquake carving spreading width);
Wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3, phi-reservoir porosity, S wi -irreducible water saturation;
If the oil (gas) well is beaten on the small-sized broken block, a cylinder drainage model is selected to carry out the inverse calculation of the volume of the drainage fluid, as shown in fig. 4, the cylinder drainage model is controlled by the drainage radius R and the hydrocarbon-containing height H, and the hydrocarbon-containing height H is obtained by substituting the well test interpretation data into the relevant data (the well without the well test interpretation data can adopt half of the straight line distance between the well and the adjacent well as the drainage radius);
Wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3, phi-reservoir porosity and S wi -irreducible water saturation.
Examples
The invention takes a limited closed block oil reservoir Y-3 oil well as an example, and comprises the following steps:
S10, collecting production dynamic data of a limited closed block oil reservoir Y-3 oil well, and acquiring relevant production data to obtain a monthly production dynamic table of the oil well, wherein the table is shown in Table 4;
TABLE 4Y-3 dynamic data sheet for monthly production of oil well
Step S20, calculating the bottom hole flow pressure and the formation pressure corresponding to each month by using the month wellhead oil pressure data acquired from the production dynamic table through a pressure gradient;
Step S201, selecting pressure data of each month wellhead, obtaining pressure gradient of 0.0057MPa/m according to pressure test data, and obtaining bottom hole flow pressure corresponding to each month according to wellhead oil pressure;
Step S202, linearly regressing the calculated bottom hole flow pressure, and drawing to obtain a bottom hole flow pressure straight line;
step S203, calculating a stratum pressure straight line by utilizing the bottom hole flow pressure straight line, wherein the stratum pressure is all greater than the maximum value of the bottom hole flow pressure, and the point on the straight line is the stratum pressure corresponding to each month of the oil well as shown in fig. 5;
Step S30, using the obtained bottom hole flow pressure and the stratum pressure to obtain a pressure difference, and finishing to obtain a Y-3 wellhead oil pressure, bottom hole flow pressure, stratum pressure and pressure difference data table, as shown in Table 5;
table 5Y-3 well pressure calculation data sheet
S40, finishing to obtain mass balance calculation preparation data such as accumulated oil yield, accumulated water yield and volume coefficient of the Y-3 oil well through a month production data table of the Y-3 oil well and a calculated pressure data table, and uniformly converting units into 10 4m3, as shown in a table 6;
TABLE 6Y-3 well substance balance calculation preparation data sheet
S50, according to the production dynamic data of the Y-3 oil well, the Y-3 oil well is an oil well, so that an oil reservoir substance balance equation is selected, and the related data (volume coefficient, compression coefficient, accumulated water yield, accumulated oil yield and the like) obtained in the steps are substituted into an oil reservoir unsaturated substance balance equation;
NBoiCtΔp＝NpBo+NwBw
Step S60, let the ordinate axis be y=n pBo+NwBw, the abscissa be x=Δp, and draw a reservoir material balance line, then the closed unsaturated material balance equation becomes:
Y=NBoiCtX
step S70, substituting the relevant data to draw a material balance analysis curve, wherein the curve is a straight line passing through an origin, and a linear equation can be obtained from data points on the straight line to obtain the slope alpha of the straight line as shown in FIG. 6;
α=0.68
s80, calculating dynamic geological reserve N of the Y-3 oil well through the slope of the straight line;
Step S90, the Y-3 oil well is beaten on the Y large-scale broken blocks through geological data and well completion data, so a cuboid drainage model distributed along the large-scale broken blocks is selected, the drainage length L=500 m, the drainage width B=300 m and the oil reservoir porosity phi= 0.0754 are obtained through well test interpretation data, and the data are substituted into a hydrocarbon-containing height formula to obtain the hydrocarbon-containing height of the limited closed block oil reservoir Y-3 oil well;
Wherein, the formula is N-dynamic reserves, m 3, phi-reservoir porosity and S wi -irreducible water saturation.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes or modifications to the equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, but any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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| CN105243204A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-13 | 王文广 | Method for multi-geological factor quantitative evaluation of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency |
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