CN115993539B - Method and device for predicting SOP of battery based on real-time temperature - Google Patents
Method and device for predicting SOP of battery based on real-time temperature Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application relates to a prediction method and a device for a battery SOP based on real-time temperature, and the prediction scheme for the battery SOP is implemented according to the temperature interval of the battery, so that the maximum current or maximum power corresponding to the current situation is predicted. In addition, in the process of predicting the SOP of the battery, the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage and the overheat is mainly considered for the maximum current or the maximum power under continuous discharge, and the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage is mainly considered for the instantaneous maximum current or the maximum power. According to the prediction scheme of the battery SOP, very important parameters can be provided for the operation of the terminal product where the battery is located.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of battery management technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for predicting a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature.
Background
When the lithium battery is in a low-temperature interval, the internal resistance is increased, if the current or the power is too large, the cut-off voltage can be easily triggered, and sudden shutdown is caused; at high temperature, if the current or power is too high, the over-temperature protection point can be easily reached, so that shutdown protection is caused. Therefore, when the lithium battery works at high temperature and low temperature, the maximum working current or power needs to be set, and when the system EC reads the maximum current or power, the power consumption of the system (in a mode of limiting load by the CPU and the GPU) is mainly limited, so that the normal working and the data safety of the battery are ensured.
The State of maximum Power (SOP) prediction is one of the basic functions of a battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS). Battery SOP predictions provide very important parameters for the operation of the end product (e.g., notebook, electric vehicle) where the battery is located.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to provide a prediction scheme of battery SOP based on real-time temperature, the SOP prediction is mainly divided into continuous SOP prediction and instantaneous SOP prediction, wherein continuous SOP represents maximum current or maximum power under continuous discharge (generally more than 1 minute), the influence of discharge cut-off voltage and overheat is mainly considered, and instantaneous SOP represents maximum current or maximum power in a short time (generally less than 10 seconds), and the influence of discharge cut-off voltage is mainly considered.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for predicting a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, comprising:
calculating a low-temperature maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the current internal resistance and the cut-off voltage in response to the temperature of the battery core of the battery being in a low-temperature interval;
obtaining temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the first predicted internal resistance after the first set duration;
Obtaining an expected temperature after the first set duration by the temperature rise;
determining a second predicted internal resistance based on the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
and determining the maximum continuous power of the low-temperature interval of the battery according to the open-circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cut-off voltage of the battery and the second predicted internal resistance.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a prediction apparatus of a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, comprising:
the calculating module is used for responding to the fact that the temperature of the battery core of the battery is in a low-temperature interval and calculating the maximum low-temperature instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the current internal resistance and the cut-off voltage;
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a first predicted internal resistance after a first set duration;
the second obtaining module is used for obtaining the expected temperature after the first set duration through the temperature rise;
a first determination module for determining a second predicted internal resistance based on the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
and the second determining module is used for determining the maximum continuous power of the low-temperature interval of the battery according to the open-circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cut-off voltage of the battery and the second predicted internal resistance.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided a chip, characterized in that the chip comprises a processor for performing the prediction method according to the first aspect; or,
the chip comprises the prediction means according to the second aspect.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a battery management system for performing the prediction method as described in the first aspect.
According to a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising:
a processor; and
a memory storing computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of the first aspect. According to a sixth aspect of the present application there is provided a non-transitory computer storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a plurality of processors, causes the processors to perform the method of the first aspect.
According to the prediction method and the prediction device for the battery SOP based on the real-time temperature, the prediction scheme of the corresponding battery SOP is implemented according to the temperature interval of the battery, so that the maximum current or the maximum power corresponding to the current situation is predicted. In addition, in the process of predicting the SOP of the battery, the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage and the overheat is mainly considered for the maximum current or the maximum power under continuous discharge, and the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage is mainly considered for the instantaneous maximum current or the maximum power. According to the prediction scheme of the battery SOP, very important parameters can be provided for the operation of the terminal product where the battery is located.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art from these drawings without departing from the scope of protection of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a maximum sustained power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the maximum sustained power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum sustained power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for the maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum sustained power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device provided in the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments herein without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application.
Under the condition of low temperature, the internal resistance of the battery (especially a lithium battery) is increased, if the current or the power is too large, the cut-off voltage can be easily triggered, and sudden shutdown is caused; under the condition of high temperature, if the current or power is too large, an over-temperature protection point can be easily reached, and shutdown is caused. Thus, distinguishing between the battery being in a high and low temperature environment is important to predict the proper operation of the battery. In the scheme of this application, divide the temperature of battery electric core surface at first, divide into low temperature interval, high temperature interval and ideal temperature interval, secondly, carry out real-time supervision to the temperature of battery electric core surface, judge the temperature interval that the electric core is in at present, for different temperature intervals, adopt different SOP prediction strategies. The division of the high temperature range and the low temperature range may be performed according to experience or actual needs, and according to some embodiments, the high temperature range is defined as a range of greater than 40 ℃, the low temperature range is defined as a range of 15 ℃ or less, and the ideal temperature range is between the two. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the division of the temperature interval is not limited to the above embodiment, and that the high temperature interval and the low temperature interval may be defined as other ranges, which are all within the scope of the present application.
According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of predicting a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, as shown in fig. 1 to 4. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a maximum sustained power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
The method for predicting the maximum continuous power of the battery in the low temperature interval specifically comprises the steps of firstly calculating a maximum instantaneous current in low temperature, then calculating continuous temperature rise caused by the maximum instantaneous current, and setting the time duration again, for example, how much temperature rise can be caused by 1min or 2 min. The open circuit voltage and the internal resistance after the set duration can be predicted according to the initial temperature and the temperature rise, so that the maximum continuous current and the maximum continuous power in the low temperature interval are determined. Thus, as shown in FIG. 1, the method includes the following steps.
Step S101, in response to the temperature of the battery core of the battery being in a low-temperature interval, calculating a low-temperature maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the current internal resistance and the cut-off voltage.
In one embodiment, the cryogenic maximum instantaneous current I can be calculated according to the following formula Low temperature instant max ：I Low temperature instant max <=(OCV-EDV)/R
Wherein OCV represents the current open circuit voltage, EDV represents the cut-off voltage, R represents the current internal resistance, and OCV and R are obtained according to the current DOD (Depth of Discharge ) of the battery and the table look-up of the surface temperature of the battery cell.
And step S102, obtaining temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the first predicted internal resistance after the first set duration.
The first set duration is set according to actual needs, for example, one minute, two minutes, or the like. According to some embodiments, the temperature rise Delta T may be calculated according to the temperature rise model as follows:
Delta T =K*exp(-t/τ)+I^2*R（DOD,T0）*Ftr （1）
where T0 represents the starting or ambient temperature, K, τ and Ftr are constants, T represents time, in this embodiment a first set duration, i=i Low temperature instant max R represents internal resistance as a function of DOD and temperature. In some embodiments, the first set duration may be set as desired, such as 1 minute, 2 minutes, etc., as the application does not limit this. In this embodiment, DOD is the predicted DOD after the first set duration It is expected that The process is as follows:
DOD it is expected that =DOD 0 + Delta DOD
Delta DOD=It/Qmax
DOD 0 Indicates the corresponding DOD at the beginning of the first set duration, in this embodiment i=i Low temperature instant max T represents a first set duration, qmax (Max Chemical Capacity) represents the maximum chemical capacity of the battery. By the estimated DOD after a first set duration It is expected that The predicted internal resistance after the first set duration, i.e., the first predicted internal resistance, may be obtained by, for example, looking up a table according to the relationship between the internal resistance R and DOD, and the temperature.
This allows the temperature rise after the first set duration to be calculated. However, since the internal resistance R used in the calculation of the temperature rise Delta T is R at the initial temperature T0 and under the real-time DOD, the internal resistance R needs to be corrected once to obtain R '(DOD, delta t+t0), and R' is substituted into the temperature rise formula to obtain a new temperature rise Delta T ', and the Delta T' is taken as the temperature rise after the first set duration.
From the above description, the step S102 may be embodied as four sub-steps:
sub-step S1021, obtaining a first temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a corresponding third predicted internal resistance at the initial temperature;
substep S1022, obtaining a first predicted temperature after the first set duration from the first temperature rise and the starting temperature;
sub-step S1023, obtaining a fourth predicted internal resistance corresponding to the first predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
substep S1024, obtaining the temperature rise according to the low temperature maximum instantaneous current and the fourth predicted internal resistance.
After the final temperature rise after the first set duration is obtained, the predicted temperature after the first set duration may be obtained from the temperature rise. Thus, the method shown in FIG. 1 further comprises:
Step S103, obtaining the expected temperature after the first set duration through the temperature rise.
In one particular embodiment, the predicted temperature may be represented by the following equation:
T it is expected that =T0+ Delta T’
Step S104, determining a second predicted internal resistance according to the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration.
In a specific embodiment, the predicted temperature T is obtained It is expected that And DOD after a first set durationThe predicted internal resistance, which is the predicted internal resistance of the battery after the first set duration, may be obtained by table lookup.
And step S105, determining the maximum continuous power of the low-temperature interval of the battery according to the open-circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cut-off voltage of the battery and the second predicted internal resistance.
According to one embodiment, the influence of the cut-off voltage is exploited by OCV (DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ）-I*R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )>=edv, where EDV represents the cut-off voltage, I<=(OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ) The maximum continuous current I in the low temperature range thus obtained Low temperature interval duration max . While the low temperature interval is at maximum sustained power:
P low temperature interval duration max =I Low temperature interval duration max *U=(OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ) OCV-I R, U denotes real-time voltage, OCV-I R, where i=i Low temperature interval duration max In the case of OCV-I r=edv, then P Low temperature interval duration max =((OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)*EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ). In this way, the maximum continuous current and power in the low temperature range are obtained.
The above embodiment describes the prediction process of the maximum sustained power of the battery in the low temperature region. In the low temperature range, it is necessary to predict the maximum instantaneous power in addition to the maximum continuous power. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for predicting a maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application. Predicting the maximum instantaneous power of the battery in the low temperature interval mainly considers the influence of the cut-off voltage. As shown in fig. 2, the method includes the following steps.
Step S201, in response to the cell temperature being in the low temperature range, obtaining a first internal resistance at the temperature according to the current measured cell surface temperature.
According to some embodiments, the surface temperature of the battery cell is tested in real time, the current low-temperature interval of the battery cell is determined, and the internal resistance at the current measured surface temperature of the battery cell, namely the first internal resistance, is calculated based on the relation between the temperature and the internal resistance. In some embodiments, the relationship between temperature and internal resistance may be represented by the following equation:
R=R0*exp（B*Delta T） （2）
Wherein B is a constant, delta t=t-T0, T represents the current measured cell temperature, T0 represents the starting temperature, and R0 represents the internal resistance corresponding to the starting temperature, so that the internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature is obtained.
The internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature is obtained through the relationship between the temperature and the internal resistance described in the above formula (2), and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature can also be obtained through other described relationship equations or formulas between the temperature and the internal resistance, which are all within the scope of the present application.
Step S202, determining a first maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the first internal resistance and the cut-off voltage, so as to determine a maximum instantaneous power in a low-temperature interval.
According to some embodiments, the first maximum instantaneous current is obtained according to the equation OCV-IR > =edv, taking into account the effect of the cut-off voltage. And then, obtaining the maximum instantaneous power in the low temperature range according to the actual measurement voltage.
According to some embodiments, since the internal resistance also has a relationship with the current, and there is a case where the calculation is inaccurate according to the internal resistance calculated in step S201, the internal resistance needs to be corrected. Thus, the method shown in FIG. 2 further comprises the steps of:
Step S203, determining a second internal resistance according to the present open-circuit voltage, the real-time voltage and the first maximum instantaneous current.
According to some embodiments, based on the real-time DOD and the temperature, the corrected internal resistance R ', i.e. the second internal resistance, is obtained by using OCV-u=ir', wherein OCV is an open circuit voltage and U is a real-time voltage, and taking the current I as the first maximum instantaneous current.
And step S204, determining a second maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the second internal resistance and the cut-off voltage.
According to some embodiments, R 'is substituted again into OCV-IR' > = EDV, where EDV is the cut-off voltage, resulting in the second maximum instantaneous current.
Step S205, determining the minimum of the first maximum instantaneous current and the second maximum instantaneous current as the maximum instantaneous current in the low temperature interval;
and step S206, determining the maximum instantaneous power of the low temperature interval according to the maximum instantaneous current of the low temperature interval and the real-time voltage.
According to some embodiments, the first maximum instantaneous current and the second maximum instantaneous current are compared, and the minimum of the two is determined as the maximum instantaneous current in the low temperature interval. After the maximum instantaneous current of the minimum low temperature interval is determined, the maximum instantaneous power of the low temperature interval can be determined according to the real-time voltage, so that the prediction of the maximum instantaneous power of the battery in the low temperature interval is realized.
The above embodiments describe the prediction process of the maximum continuous power and the maximum instantaneous power of the battery cell in the low temperature region, and the prediction of the maximum continuous power and the maximum instantaneous power in the high temperature region is also required when the battery cell is in the high temperature region. Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the maximum sustained power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes the following steps.
Step S301, obtaining a temperature difference between the current temperature of the battery cell and a preset protection temperature in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in a high temperature range.
In the high temperature range, the influence of overheat is mainly considered, so that the temperature of the battery cell cannot exceed the preset protection temperature. After the current temperature of the battery cell is obtained through measurement, the temperature difference between the current temperature and the preset protection temperature is calculated. The preset protection temperature can be set according to actual needs, for example, 65 ℃ or 70 ℃.
Step S302, obtaining the maximum continuous current in the high temperature interval according to the temperature difference, the third internal resistance and the second set duration.
According to some implementationsIn an embodiment, according to the temperature rise model shown in the formula (1), the maximum continuous current in the high temperature interval is calculated, in this embodiment, t in the formula (1) represents the second set duration, i=i High temperature interval duration max R represents internal resistance, which can be measured internal resistance or can be a function of DOD and temperature. In some embodiments, the second set duration may be set as desired, such as 1 minute, 2 minutes, etc., as the application does not limit this.
Step S303, obtaining the predicted voltage after the second set duration according to the predicted open-circuit voltage after the second set duration, the predicted internal resistance after the second set duration, and the maximum continuous current of the high-temperature interval.
And step S304, determining the maximum continuous power of the high-temperature interval according to the maximum continuous current of the high-temperature interval and the expected voltage.
According to some embodiments, u=ocv may be relied upon It is expected that -IR It is expected that To calculate the expected voltage U. Wherein i=i High temperature interval duration max ，OCV It is expected that Indicating the expected open circuit voltage after a second set duration, R It is expected that The predicted internal resistance after the second set duration is expressed as a function of DOD and temperature, where DOD is the predicted DOD after the second set duration. At high temperatures, the temperature has very little effect on OCV and internal resistance, which are almost negligible, and can be approximately considered to be related only to DOD. Obtaining the OCV through table lookup according to the relation among the OCV, the internal resistance and the DOD It is expected that And R is It is expected that In this way, the expected voltage after the second set duration can be calculated.
After the maximum continuous current and the predicted voltage of the high-temperature interval are obtained, the maximum continuous power of the high-temperature interval can be determined, so that the prediction of the maximum continuous power of the battery in the high-temperature interval is realized. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for predicting the maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the high temperature interval, in addition to the predicted maximum sustained power, the maximum instantaneous power needs to be calculated. At high temperatures, the instantaneous maximum current is typically set on a hardware basis, and a short time (e.g., 10 seconds) typically does not generate significant joule heating, which can be set on a hardware basis. The real-time voltage of the battery is then obtained with little change in the real-time voltage over a short period of time (e.g., 10 seconds). Thus, after the real-time voltage of the battery is obtained, the maximum instantaneous power in the high-temperature range can be determined.
Thus, the prediction method shown in fig. 4 includes the steps of:
step S401, responding to the temperature of the battery core in a high temperature range, and obtaining the real-time voltage of the battery; and
step S402, determining the maximum instantaneous power of the high temperature interval according to the preset maximum instantaneous current of the high temperature interval and the real-time voltage.
The above describes the prediction process of the SOP of the battery cell in the low temperature region and the high temperature region, and for the ideal temperature region where the battery cell is between the low temperature and the high temperature, it is generally considered that the battery cell is not affected by the overheat and the cut-off voltage, and the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery are set, so that the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery are set to preset values, respectively. Thus, the prediction method of the present application further includes: and respectively setting the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery to preset values in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in an ideal temperature range.
In this way, in the working process of the battery, the temperature of the surface of the battery core is monitored in real time, and different SOP prediction strategies are adopted according to whether the temperature is in a low-temperature interval, a high-temperature interval or an ideal temperature interval, so that the normal working of the battery is ensured, and important parameters are provided for the operation of a terminal product.
According to the prediction method of the battery SOP based on the real-time temperature, which is provided by the application, a corresponding prediction scheme of the battery SOP is implemented according to the temperature interval of the battery, so that the maximum current or the maximum power corresponding to the current situation is predicted. In addition, in the process of predicting the SOP of the battery, the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage and the overheat is mainly considered for the maximum current or the maximum power under continuous discharge, and the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage is mainly considered for the instantaneous maximum current or the maximum power. According to the prediction scheme of the battery SOP, very important parameters can be provided for the operation of the terminal product where the battery is located.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a prediction apparatus of a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, as shown in fig. 5 to 8. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum sustained power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus includes the following modules.
The calculating module 501 is configured to calculate a low-temperature maximum instantaneous current according to a current open-circuit voltage, a current internal resistance and a cut-off voltage in response to a cell temperature of the battery being in a low-temperature range.
In one embodiment, the cryogenic maximum instantaneous current I can be calculated according to the following formula Low temperature instant max ：
I Low temperature instant max <=(OCV-EDV)/R
Wherein OCV represents the current open circuit voltage, EDV represents the cut-off voltage, R represents the current internal resistance, and OCV and R are obtained according to the current DOD (Depth of Discharge ) of the battery and the table look-up of the surface temperature of the battery cell.
A first obtaining module 502, configured to obtain a temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a first predicted internal resistance after a first set duration.
The first set duration is set according to actual needs, for example, one minute, two minutes, or the like. According to some embodiments, the temperature rise Delta T may be calculated according to a temperature rise model shown in equation (1). In formula (1), T0 represents the starting or ambient temperature, K, τ and Ftr are constants, T represents time, in this embodiment a first set duration, i=i Low temperature instant max R represents internal resistance as a function of DOD and temperature. In some embodiments, the first set duration may be set as desired, such as 1 minute, 2 minutes, etc., as the application does not limit this. In this embodiment, DOD is the predicted DOD after the first set duration It is expected that The process is as follows:
DOD it is expected that =DOD 0 + Delta DOD
Delta DOD=It/Qmax
DOD 0 Indicates the corresponding DOD at the beginning of the first set duration, in this embodiment i=i Low temperature instant max T represents a first set duration, qmax represents the maximum chemical capacity of the battery. By the estimated DOD after a first set duration It is expected that The predicted internal resistance after the first set duration, i.e., the first predicted internal resistance, may be obtained by, for example, looking up a table according to the relationship between the internal resistance R and DOD, and the temperature.
This allows the temperature rise after the first set duration to be calculated. However, since the internal resistance R used in the calculation of the temperature rise Delta T is R at the initial temperature T0 and under the real-time DOD, the internal resistance R needs to be corrected once to obtain R '(DOD, delta t+t0), and R' is substituted into the temperature rise formula to obtain a new temperature rise Delta T ', and the Delta T' is taken as the temperature rise after the first set duration.
From the above description, the first obtaining module 502 may specifically include four units:
a first obtaining unit 5021, configured to obtain a first temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a corresponding third predicted internal resistance at the initial temperature;
a second obtaining unit 5022 for obtaining a first predicted temperature after the first set duration from the first temperature rise and the start temperature;
a third obtaining unit 5023 for obtaining a fourth predicted internal resistance corresponding to the first predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
a fourth obtaining unit 5024 for obtaining the temperature rise based on the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the fourth predicted internal resistance.
After the final temperature rise after the first set duration is obtained, the predicted temperature after the first set duration may be obtained from the temperature rise. Thus, the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 further comprises:
a second obtaining module 503, configured to obtain the predicted temperature after the first set duration through the temperature rise.
In one particular embodiment, the predicted temperature may be represented by the following equation:
T it is expected that =T0+ Delta T’
A first determination module 504 is configured to determine a second predicted internal resistance based on the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration.
In a specific embodiment, the predicted temperature T is obtained It is expected that And DOD after the first set duration, obtaining the predicted internal resistance through table lookup, wherein the internal resistance is the predicted internal resistance of the battery after the first set duration.
A second determining module 505, configured to determine a maximum continuous power of the low temperature region of the battery according to the open circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cut-off voltage of the battery, and the second predicted internal resistance.
According to one embodiment, the influence of the cut-off voltage is exploited by OCV (DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ）-I*R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )>=edv, where EDV represents the cut-off voltage, I<=(OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ) The maximum continuous current I in the low temperature range thus obtained Low temperature interval duration max . While the low temperature interval is at maximum sustained power:
P low temperature interval duration max =I Low temperature interval duration max *U=(OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ) OCV-I R, U denotes real-time voltage, OCV-I R, where i=i Low temperature interval duration max In the case of OCV-I r=edv, then P Low temperature interval duration max =((OCV(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that )-EDV)*EDV)/R(DOD It is expected that ,T It is expected that ). In this way, the maximum continuous current and power in the low temperature range are obtained.
The above embodiment describes the prediction process of the maximum sustained power of the battery in the low temperature region. In the low temperature range, it is necessary to predict the maximum instantaneous power in addition to the maximum continuous power. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for the maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a low temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application. Predicting the maximum instantaneous power of the battery in the low temperature interval mainly considers the influence of the cut-off voltage. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes the following modules.
And a third obtaining module 601, configured to obtain, according to the current measured surface temperature of the battery cell, a first internal resistance at the temperature in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in the low temperature range.
According to some embodiments, the surface temperature of the battery cell is tested in real time, the current low-temperature interval of the battery cell is determined, and the internal resistance at the current measured surface temperature of the battery cell, namely the first internal resistance, is calculated based on the relation between the temperature and the internal resistance. In some embodiments, the relationship between temperature and internal resistance is expressed according to equation (2). In formula (2), B is a constant, delta t=t-T0, T represents the current measured cell temperature, T0 represents the starting temperature, and R0 represents the internal resistance corresponding to the starting temperature, so that the internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature is obtained.
The internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature is obtained through the relationship between the temperature and the internal resistance described in the above formula (2), and it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the internal resistance at the current measured cell surface temperature can also be obtained through other described relationship equations or formulas between the temperature and the internal resistance, which are all within the scope of the present application.
A third determining module 602 is configured to determine a first maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the first internal resistance, and the cutoff voltage, so as to determine a maximum instantaneous power in a low-temperature range.
According to some embodiments, the first maximum instantaneous current is obtained according to the equation OCV-IR > =edv, taking into account the effect of the cut-off voltage. And then, obtaining the maximum instantaneous power in the low temperature range according to the actual measurement voltage.
According to some embodiments, since the internal resistance also has a relationship with the current, and there is a case where the calculation is inaccurate according to the internal resistance calculated by the third obtaining module 601, the internal resistance needs to be corrected. Thus, the apparatus shown in fig. 6 further comprises the following modules:
a fourth determining module 603 is configured to determine a second internal resistance according to the present open circuit voltage, the real-time voltage and the first maximum instantaneous current.
According to some embodiments, based on the real-time DOD and the temperature, the corrected internal resistance R ', i.e. the second internal resistance, is obtained by using OCV-u=ir', wherein OCV is an open circuit voltage and U is a real-time voltage, and taking the current I as the first maximum instantaneous current.
A fifth determining module 604 is configured to determine a second maximum instantaneous current according to the present open circuit voltage, the second internal resistance, and the cutoff voltage.
According to some embodiments, R 'is substituted again into OCV-IR' > = EDV, where EDV is the cut-off voltage, resulting in the second maximum instantaneous current.
A sixth determining module 605 configured to determine a minimum of the first maximum instantaneous current and the second maximum instantaneous current as a low-temperature interval maximum instantaneous current;
a seventh determining module 606 is configured to determine the low temperature interval maximum instantaneous power according to the low temperature interval maximum instantaneous current and the real-time voltage.
According to some embodiments, the first maximum instantaneous current and the second maximum instantaneous current are compared, and the minimum of the two is determined as the maximum instantaneous current in the low temperature interval. After the maximum instantaneous current of the minimum low temperature interval is determined, the maximum instantaneous power of the low temperature interval can be determined according to the real-time voltage, so that the prediction of the maximum instantaneous power of the battery in the low temperature interval is realized.
The above embodiments describe the prediction process of the maximum continuous power and the maximum instantaneous power of the battery cell in the low temperature region, and the prediction of the maximum continuous power and the maximum instantaneous power in the high temperature region is also required when the battery cell is in the high temperature region. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum sustained power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes the following modules.
A fourth obtaining module 701, configured to obtain a temperature difference between the current temperature of the battery cell and a preset protection temperature in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in a high temperature range.
In the high temperature range, the influence of overheat is mainly considered, so that the temperature of the battery cell cannot exceed the preset protection temperature. After the current temperature of the battery cell is obtained through measurement, the temperature difference between the current temperature and the preset protection temperature is calculated. The preset protection temperature can be set according to actual needs, for example, 65 ℃ or 70 ℃.
A fifth obtaining module 702 is configured to obtain a maximum continuous current in the high temperature range according to the temperature difference, the third internal resistance and the second set duration.
According to some embodiments, the maximum continuous current in the high temperature interval is calculated according to the temperature rise model shown in formula (1), in which t in formula (1) represents the second set duration, i=i High temperature interval duration max R represents internal resistance, which can be measured internal resistance or can be a function of DOD and temperature. In some embodiments, the second set duration may be set as desired, such as 1 minute, 2 minutes, etc., as the application does not limit this.
A sixth obtaining module 703 is configured to obtain the predicted voltage after the second set duration according to the predicted open circuit voltage after the second set duration, the predicted internal resistance after the second set duration, and the maximum continuous current in the high temperature interval.
An eighth determining module 704 is configured to determine a high-temperature interval maximum continuous power according to the high-temperature interval maximum continuous current and the expected voltage.
According to some embodiments, u=ocv may be relied upon It is expected that -IR It is expected that To calculate the expected voltage U. Wherein i=i High temperature interval duration max ，OCV It is expected that Indicating the expected open circuit voltage after a second set duration, R It is expected that The predicted internal resistance after the second set duration is expressed as a function of DOD and temperature, where DOD is the predicted DOD after the second set duration. At high temperatures, the temperature has very little effect on OCV and internal resistance, which are almost negligible, and can be approximately considered to be related only to DOD. Obtaining the OCV through table lookup according to the relation among the OCV, the internal resistance and the DOD It is expected that And R is It is expected that Thus, the first step can be calculatedAnd two predicted voltages after a set duration.
After the maximum continuous current and the predicted voltage of the high-temperature interval are obtained, the maximum continuous power of the high-temperature interval can be determined, so that the prediction of the maximum continuous power of the battery in the high-temperature interval is realized. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a prediction apparatus for maximum instantaneous power of a battery in a high temperature range according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the high temperature interval, in addition to the predicted maximum sustained power, the maximum instantaneous power needs to be calculated. At high temperatures, the instantaneous maximum current is typically set on a hardware basis, and a short time (e.g., 10 seconds) typically does not generate significant joule heating, which can be set on a hardware basis. The real-time voltage of the battery is then obtained with little change in the real-time voltage over a short period of time (e.g., 10 seconds). Thus, after the real-time voltage of the battery is obtained, the maximum instantaneous power in the high-temperature range can be determined.
Thus, the prediction apparatus shown in fig. 8 includes the following modules:
a seventh obtaining module 801, configured to obtain a real-time voltage of the battery in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in a high temperature range; and
a ninth determining module 802, configured to determine a maximum instantaneous power of the high temperature interval according to a preset maximum instantaneous current of the high temperature interval and the real-time voltage.
The above describes the prediction process of the SOP of the battery cell in the low temperature region and the high temperature region, and for the ideal temperature region where the battery cell is between the low temperature and the high temperature, it is generally considered that the battery cell is not affected by the overheat and the cut-off voltage, and the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery are set, so that the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery are set to preset values, respectively. Thus, the prediction apparatus of the present application further includes: and the setting module is used for respectively setting the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery to preset values in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in an ideal temperature range.
In this way, in the working process of the battery, the temperature of the surface of the battery core is monitored in real time, and different SOP prediction strategies are adopted according to whether the temperature is in a low-temperature interval, a high-temperature interval or an ideal temperature interval, so that the normal working of the battery is ensured, and important parameters are provided for the operation of a terminal product.
According to the prediction device of the battery SOP based on the real-time temperature, a corresponding prediction scheme of the battery SOP is implemented according to the temperature interval of the battery, so that the maximum current or the maximum power corresponding to the current situation is predicted. In addition, in the process of predicting the SOP of the battery, the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage and the overheat is mainly considered for the maximum current or the maximum power under continuous discharge, and the influence of the discharge cut-off voltage is mainly considered for the instantaneous maximum current or the maximum power. According to the prediction scheme of the battery SOP, very important parameters can be provided for the operation of the terminal product where the battery is located.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the order of actions described, as some steps may be performed in other order or simultaneously in accordance with the present application. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all alternative embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required in the present application.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, such as the division of the units, merely a logical function division, and there may be additional manners of dividing the actual implementation, such as multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, or may be in electrical or other forms.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 provides an electronic device including a processor and a memory. The memory stores computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to execute the computer instructions to implement the methods and refinements shown in fig. 1-4.
It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are illustrative only and that the disclosed device may be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the units/modules in the above embodiments is merely a logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, multiple units, modules, or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed.
In addition, unless specifically described, each functional unit/module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one unit/module, or each unit/module may exist alone physically, or two or more units/modules may be integrated together. The integrated units/modules described above may be implemented either in hardware or in software program modules.
The integrated units/modules, if implemented in hardware, may be digital circuits, analog circuits, etc. Physical implementations of hardware structures include, but are not limited to, transistors, memristors, and the like. The processor or chip may be any suitable hardware processor, such as CPU, GPU, FPGA, DSP and ASIC, etc., unless otherwise specified. The on-chip cache, off-chip Memory, memory may be any suitable magnetic or magneto-optical storage medium, such as resistive Random Access Memory RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory), dynamic Random Access Memory DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory), static Random Access Memory SRAM (Static Random Access Memory), enhanced dynamic Random Access Memory EDRAM (Enhanced Dynamic Random Access Memory), high-Bandwidth Memory HBM (High-Bandwidth Memory), hybrid Memory cube HMC (Hybrid Memory Cube), and the like, unless otherwise indicated.
The integrated units/modules may be stored in a computer readable memory if implemented in the form of software program modules and sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in essence or a part contributing to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution in the form of a software product stored in a memory, comprising several instructions for causing a computer electronic device (which may be a personal computer, a server or a network electronic device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the various embodiments of the disclosure. And the aforementioned memory includes: a U-disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The embodiment of the application also provides a chip. In some embodiments, the chip includes a processor for performing the methods and refinements as shown in fig. 1-4. In other embodiments, the chip includes a predictive device as shown in fig. 5-8.
The embodiment of the application also provides a battery management system for executing the method and the refinement scheme shown in fig. 1 to 4.
The embodiments also provide a non-transitory computer storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a plurality of processors, causes the processors to perform the methods and refinements shown in fig. 1-4.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the more detailed description of embodiments of the present application, wherein specific examples have been provided herein to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the present application, and wherein the above examples are provided to assist in the understanding of the methods and concepts of the present application. Meanwhile, based on the ideas of the present application, those skilled in the art can make changes or modifications on the specific embodiments and application scope of the present application, which belong to the scope of the protection of the present application. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the application.
Claims (11)
1. A method for predicting a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, comprising:
calculating a low-temperature maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the current internal resistance and the cut-off voltage in response to the temperature of the battery core of the battery being in a low-temperature interval;
Obtaining temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the first predicted internal resistance after the first set duration;
obtaining an expected temperature after the first set duration by the temperature rise;
determining a second predicted internal resistance based on the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
determining a maximum continuous power of the battery in a low-temperature interval according to the open-circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cut-off voltage of the battery and the second predicted internal resistance;
wherein the obtaining the temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the first predicted internal resistance after the first set duration comprises:
obtaining a first temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a corresponding third predicted internal resistance at the initial temperature;
obtaining a first predicted temperature after the first set duration from the first temperature rise and the starting temperature;
obtaining a fourth predicted internal resistance corresponding to the DOD after the first predicted temperature and the first set duration; and
and obtaining the temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the fourth predicted internal resistance.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
Responding to the temperature of the battery cell in the low temperature range, and obtaining a first internal resistance at the temperature according to the current actually measured surface temperature of the battery cell; and
and determining a first maximum instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the first internal resistance and the cut-off voltage so as to determine the maximum instantaneous power in the low-temperature interval.
3. The method as recited in claim 2, further comprising:
determining a second internal resistance according to the current open-circuit voltage, the real-time voltage and the first maximum instantaneous current;
determining a second maximum instantaneous current according to the present open circuit voltage, the second internal resistance and the cut-off voltage;
determining the minimum of the first maximum instantaneous current and the second maximum instantaneous current as a low temperature interval maximum instantaneous current; and
and determining the maximum instantaneous power of the low temperature interval according to the maximum instantaneous current of the low temperature interval and the real-time voltage.
4. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
responding to the temperature of the battery cell in a high temperature range, and obtaining the temperature difference between the current temperature of the battery cell and the preset protection temperature;
obtaining the maximum continuous current in the high-temperature interval according to the temperature difference, the third internal resistance and the second set duration;
Obtaining the predicted voltage after the second set duration according to the predicted open-circuit voltage after the second set duration, the predicted internal resistance after the second set duration and the maximum continuous current of the high-temperature interval; and
and determining the maximum continuous power of the high-temperature interval according to the maximum continuous current of the high-temperature interval and the expected voltage.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
responding to the temperature of the battery core in a high temperature range, and obtaining the real-time voltage of the battery; and
and determining the maximum instantaneous power of the high temperature interval according to the preset maximum instantaneous current of the high temperature interval and the real-time voltage.
6. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:
and respectively setting the maximum instantaneous power and the maximum continuous power of the battery to preset values in response to the temperature of the battery cell being in an ideal temperature range.
7. A prediction apparatus of a battery SOP based on a real-time temperature, comprising:
the calculating module is used for responding to the fact that the temperature of the battery core of the battery is in a low-temperature interval and calculating the maximum low-temperature instantaneous current according to the current open-circuit voltage, the current internal resistance and the cut-off voltage;
the first obtaining module is used for obtaining temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a first predicted internal resistance after a first set duration;
The second obtaining module is used for obtaining the expected temperature after the first set duration through the temperature rise;
a first determination module for determining a second predicted internal resistance based on the predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
a second determining module, configured to determine a maximum continuous power of the battery in a low temperature interval according to the open circuit voltage after the first set duration, the cutoff voltage of the battery, and the second predicted internal resistance;
wherein the first obtaining module includes:
a first obtaining unit, configured to obtain a first temperature rise according to the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and a corresponding third predicted internal resistance at an initial temperature;
a second obtaining unit for obtaining a first predicted temperature after the first set duration from the first temperature rise and the start temperature;
a third obtaining unit configured to obtain a fourth predicted internal resistance corresponding to the first predicted temperature and the DOD after the first set duration; and
a fourth obtaining unit configured to obtain the temperature increase based on the low-temperature maximum instantaneous current and the fourth predicted internal resistance.
8. A chip, characterized in that it comprises a processor for executing the prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6; or,
The chip comprising the prediction device of claim 7.
9. A battery management system for performing the prediction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. An electronic device comprising at least a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, the processor, when executing the computer program on the memory, implementing the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 6.
11. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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