CN116008196B - A rapid and minimally invasive method for detecting the vigor of garlic seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for quickly and minimally invasively detecting the vitality of young garlic fruits, relates to the technical field of plant seedling raising and cultivation, and aims to solve the problem that a convenient and reliable young garlic fruit vitality detection method is lacked in the process of afforestation and seedling selection. On the basis of fully knowing the relation between the starch content change in different parts of the young garlic seedlings and the plant nutrient state and the transplanting survival rate, the invention colors the lateral root starch by utilizing a tissue staining method, judges the starch content level by the coloring degree, further evaluates the physiological state of the young garlic seedlings and realizes the rapid minimally invasive detection of the young garlic seedlings. The method can rapidly detect the activity level of the young garlic fruits before the young garlic fruits show obvious growth decay phenomenon, has limited damage to the young garlic fruits, does not influence the use of cultivation and forestation after the activity detection, and has important application prospects in the aspects of breeding strong young garlic fruits and improving the forestation efficiency.

Description

A rapid and minimally invasive method for detecting the vigor of garlic seedlings

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant seedling raising and cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for rapidly and minimally invasively detecting the vigor of garlic seedlings.

Background technique

Malania oleifera ( Malania oleifera ) is an evergreen tree of the genus Malania in the Olacaceae family. It is a rare oil plant and a rare resource plant rich in nervonic acid in southwest China. In the cultivation and afforestation process of garlic fruit, transplanting seedlings after sowing the garlic seeds is a commonly used afforestation mode. However, due to the semi-parasitic characteristics of the roots of the garlic fruit, in the absence of host plants, the seedlings of the garlic fruit gradually consume the nutrients stored in the seeds in the nursery, but they cannot absorb and synthesize enough nutrients for their own growth. With the prolongation of independent growth time or the aggravation of environmental stress, the nutrients stored in the seeds are seriously consumed, and the seedlings of garlic fruit gradually decline and eventually die. According to the previous planting experience, this kind of severely degraded garlic seedlings cannot recover to normal growth after transplanting even if they are topdressed with fertilizers or planted with good hosts, and the survival rate of transplanting is extremely low, resulting in significant economic and human losses. How to quickly and easily screen strong seedlings before the seedlings show growth decline, and avoid the waste of land resources, manpower, and material resources caused by the use of declining seedlings for afforestation, is a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in the process of afforestation.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings, the present invention provides a method for rapidly and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings. In this method, by analyzing the relationship between the starch content changes in different parts of the garlic seedlings and the nutrient stress degree of the garlic fruit, and comparing and finding out the sampling sites that can accurately judge the physiological state of the garlic seedlings and predict the rooting ability of the seedlings according to the starch content, select the right The lateral roots with the least damage to the seedlings were sampled, and the starch was colored by the tissue staining method according to the principle that the starch turned blue when it met iodine, and the starch content level was judged by the coloring degree, and then the physiological state and rooting potential of the seedlings were evaluated, and the rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of the garlic seedlings was realized. .

To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides a method for quickly and minimally invasively detecting the vigor of garlic seedlings, utilizing the characteristic that the starch content level of specific parts of the garlic seedlings is directly proportional to the seedling vigor, sampling and analyzing the lateral roots of the seedlings by tissue staining, and evaluating the starch content level of the tissue , to achieve the purpose of rapid detection of seedling vigor; specifically include the following steps:

(1) Collection of test materials: dig the soil surface along the base of the seedlings to be tested to expose the local root system, and cut and collect a section of lateral root at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root. Cut the lateral roots at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root, mainly to avoid damage to the main root if it is too close to the main root, or the local atrophy of the incision will affect the growth of the main root due to the loss of water after root cutting; but if the distance is too far from the main root, the lateral roots will become thinner, which is inconvenient When making slices, the cross-section cut out is smaller, and it is not easy to observe the staining of the root cortex.

(2) Material processing and slicing: wash the collected lateral roots in clean water, and slice along the incision of the lateral roots with a thickness of 10-40 μm. Within reason, the thinner the section, the faster the staining. The thickness of slices in the laboratory can generally reach 10 μm with the help of slicing tools, but the thickness of freehand slices without tools is generally 20-40 μm. Sections in the thickness range of 10-40 μm can achieve good staining and destaining effects according to our staining and observation procedures. In other words, this thickness is basically within the range that can be achieved by freehand or laboratory slicing under the premise of ensuring the effect.

(3) Tissue staining observation: place the slices in 0.51 mol/L iodine-potassium iodide staining solution for 25-30 minutes, then wash and decolorize in clean water for 1 minute, put them in glycerin or clean water, and observe the lateral roots under a magnifying device The cortex is blue-black in shades.

When the dyeing time is less than 25 minutes, the color after decolorization is lighter, and when it is 25-30 minutes, the coloring is relatively stable. After more than 30 minutes, the dyeing time is prolonged (we have measured the effect after dyeing for 30min, 1h15min, 2h15min, 4h15min, and 15h). Will have a noticeable effect on coloring. Considering the convenience and speed of this method, 25-30 minutes is appropriate.

(4) Evaluation of seedling vigor: Judging the vigor of the seedlings according to the coloring depth of the lateral root cortex, the deeper the cortex coloring and the closer to blue-black, the stronger the vigor of the seedlings.

Further preferably, in step (1), the length of the lateral root collected at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root is 0.5-1 cm, and the lateral root is a lateral root that is free from pests and diseases and has not suffered mechanical damage.

Further preferably, in step (2), when slicing, the lateral roots are transversely cut in a direction perpendicular to the root length, and the cut is smooth. Longitudinal slicing parallel to the longitudinal direction of the lateral roots can also achieve the purpose of the present invention, but it needs to be operated by professionals. For non-professionals, it is much more difficult than transverse cutting, and it is easy to cut obliquely and have uneven thickness, which affects the evaluation effect. Therefore, it is preferred The lateral roots are cut transversely along the direction perpendicular to the root length, and slices can be made by hand, while ensuring a smooth incision, reducing staining interference caused by rough incisions, and facilitating observation.

Further preferably, in step (3), the section should be observed within 1 hour after staining and decolorization. According to our research results, the observation results within 1 hour after decolorization are relatively clear, but if the time is too long, the color will fade, and the color fades seriously if observed overnight, which is not suitable for evaluating the vigor of seedlings. Staining tests generally require observation as soon as possible, and too long storage time will affect the observation results. In addition, the characteristics and requirements of this method are that it is convenient and fast, and the evaluation should be completed in the shortest time during the application process. Therefore, the longest effective storage time of samples dyed and decolorized by this method is preferably 1 h.

Further preferably, in step (3), the magnification factor of the magnifying device is greater than or equal to 50 times. The magnification of 50 times and above can clearly distinguish the coloration in the lateral root cortex of the thinner (fine roots with a diameter of about 2 mm).

Further preferably, in step (3), the preparation method of the iodine-potassium iodide dye solution is: dissolve 24 g of potassium iodide in 15 mL of distilled water or tap water, then add 1 g of iodine, and dilute to 300 mL with distilled water or tap water after dissolving.

Further preferably, in step (3), the iodine-potassium iodide staining solution needs to be prepared immediately for use and stored in a brown glass bottle away from light.

Further preferably, in step (3), the clear water used for washing and decolorization is distilled water or tap water free from visible impurities.

Nutrients are one of the most important factors affecting plant growth and development. Plant growth and development are closely related to mineral nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency, organic nutrient assimilation capacity and reserve level. Garlic fruit seeds are huge and store rich nutrients, which can provide the necessary energy and nutrients for seed germination and early seedling establishment. Before the establishment of a parasitic relationship with the host, the nutrient composition of the garlic seedlings includes two parts: the nutrients stored by the seeds and the nutrients absorbed and synthesized by themselves. Since the nutrient content transferred by seeds is fixed, after the seedlings grow for a period of time, the change of tissue nutrient content is mainly affected by the total amount of synthetic nutrients absorbed by the seedlings and the consumption of growth and development. Therefore, measuring the nutrient content of each part of the plant can judge the nutrient budget of the plant, and then infer the vitality level and growth state of the plant. Analyzing the relationship between the change of nutrient content of garlic seedlings and the level of plant vigor is of positive significance for finding a quick way to judge the plant growth status of garlic seedlings early.

Starch is an important energy storage carbohydrate for plants. In addition to providing energy for plant growth, its distribution and content in plants also participate in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Our research results show that many parts of the young seedlings of Garlic fruit contain a lot of starch, but the starch content of different parts varies greatly with the degree of nutrient stress on the plant; the change of starch content can reflect the nutrient harvest of Garlic fruit seedlings. branch condition and rooting potential of seedlings, and then affect the growth performance of seedlings after transplanting. Compared with other nutrient indicators that need to be measured with professional analytical instruments, the detection of starch content is more convenient, and can be quickly evaluated by tissue staining in a relatively short period of time, and related methods are easier to popularize and apply in production. From this point of view, to explore the relationship between the starch content changes in different parts of the garlic seedlings and the degree of nutrient stress suffered by the garlic fruit, and to find out the sampling sites that can accurately judge the physiological state of the garlic seedlings and predict the rooting ability of the seedlings according to the starch content, It is expected to establish an accurate and rapid method for evaluating the quality of garlic seedlings and screening high-quality seedlings for afforestation.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention can quickly judge the vitality level of the plant in about half an hour only by simply observing the lateral roots of the seedlings with starch staining in the process of large-scale seedling cultivation and afforestation of the garlic fruit, and can quickly and easily screen the vigorous growth before the seedlings show growth decline. Seedlings, to avoid the waste of land resources, manpower and material resources caused by the use of decaying seedlings for afforestation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the staining result of histological sections of No. 1-9 plants of Garlic fruit seedlings.

Figure 2 is the section staining results of different slice thicknesses of two garlic seedlings with different vigor.

Fig. 3 is the observation result of slices of two garlic seedlings with different vigor under different staining and decolorization times.

Fig. 4 is the observation result of prolonging the staining time to a high vigor garlic seedling section.

Figure 5 is the staining results of tissue sections used to compare the impact of sampling sites on the assessment of the vigor of garlic seedlings using starch content. In the figure, plants No. 1-3, No. 4-6, and No. 7-9 are respectively very vigor, medium vigor and very vigor Low garlic seedlings; A-E represent different sampling locations: A is the stem, B is the junction of the stem and root, C is the swelling of the top of the root, D is the middle of the main root, and E is the side root 1 cm away from the main root.

Implementation

Alternative embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. Although alternative implementations of the present application are given in the specific examples, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

The terms used in the present application are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "the", and "the" are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

For more clarity, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below taking the garlic seedlings cultivated in the greenhouse as an example. It should be noted that the details described here are only some embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by anyone without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The garlic seedlings used in this experiment are all seedlings, and the seeds are collected from the wild garlic adult plants in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. After germination, the seeds were cultivated in the glass greenhouse of Kunming Institute of Botany (25°08´22"E, 102°44´23"N, altitude: 1990 m). watering. A batch (200 plants in total) of seedlings was randomly selected in the nursery for evaluation. Specific steps are as follows:

(1) Selection of test materials: Carefully remove the cultivation substrate along the base of the stem of the seedlings to be tested to expose the local root system, and use branch scissors to collect a section of lateral root at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root;

(2) Material processing and slicing: Rinse the obtained lateral roots in clean water, and use a portable sliding microtome to cross-cut the lateral roots along the direction perpendicular to the root length to make slices with a thickness of 10 μm;

(3) Tissue staining observation: stain the sections in iodine-potassium iodide staining solution for 30 min, then wash and decolorize in distilled water for 1 min, then place the sections in glycerol, and use a stereomicroscope (model: OlympusSZX7, place of origin: Japan) Observe under a magnification of 56X, and judge the starch content level according to the degree of blue-black coloring of the lateral root cortex; when preparing the iodine-potassium iodide staining solution, dissolve 24 g of potassium iodide in 15 mL of distilled water, and then add 1 g of iodine. Dilute to 300mL with distilled water;

(4) Evaluation of seedling vigor: Seedling vigor is directly proportional to the depth of lateral root cortex staining. Judging the level of seedling vigor according to the depth of lateral root cortex staining, the deeper the cortex coloring and the closer to blue-black, the higher the starch content of the seedling root, the stronger the seedling vigor ; Seedlings with lighter coloring have lower vigor; Seedlings with inconspicuous or uncolored coloring and serious degradation of cortical starch granules have limited vigor, and the survival rate of transplanting is extremely low, so they are not suitable for afforestation seedlings.

test results:

According to the coloring degree of the root cortex after staining the tissue sections of the lateral roots, the seedling plants randomly tested in this batch were divided into three categories: heavily pigmented seedlings (very high vigor), moderately pigmented seedlings (medium vigor) and lightly pigmented seedlings (very low activity), see Table 1 for details.

Three plants were randomly selected from the seedlings of each coloring degree for photomicrograph recording (No. 1-9) to demonstrate the effect of seedling grading. The results are shown in Figure 1. Among them, Nos. 1-3 are heavily colored seedlings, Nos. 4-6 are moderately colored seedlings, and Nos. 7-9 are lightly colored seedlings.

The garlic seedlings used in this experiment are all seedlings, and the seeds are collected from the wild garlic adult plants in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. After germination, the seeds were cultivated in the glass greenhouse of Kunming Institute of Botany (25°08´22"E, 102°44´23"N, altitude: 1990 m). Higher vigor seedlings and lower vigor seedlings were selected for the test plants. The other operating steps in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that in step (2) material handling and slice thickness in slicing, three examples with slice thicknesses of 10 μm, 30 μm and 40 μm were set.

The results showed that, within the thickness range of 10-40 μm, good staining and decolorization effects could be achieved according to our staining and observation steps, and differences in the vigor of seedlings could be distinguished (Figure 2). Within a reasonable range, the thinner the slice, the more obvious the discrimination. The thickness of slices in the laboratory can generally reach 10 μm with the help of slicing tools, but the thickness of freehand slices without tools is generally 20-40 μm. In other words, this thickness is basically within the range that can be achieved by freehand or laboratory slicing under the premise of ensuring the effect.

The garlic seedlings used in this experiment are all seedlings, and the seeds are collected from the wild garlic adult plants in Guangnan County, Yunnan Province. After germination, the seeds were cultivated in the glass greenhouse of Kunming Institute of Botany (25°08´22"E, 102°44´23"N, altitude: 1990 m). For the test plants, one seedling with higher vigor and one seedling with lower vigor were selected respectively.

The other operating steps in this example are the same as those in Example 1, except that the dyeing time and decolorization time of the iodine-potassium iodide dye solution in step (3) are respectively set to 2min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 25min, 27min, 30min, 1h15min, 2h15min, 4h15min, 15h, the decolorization time is set to 1min, 1h.

The results showed that the slices could be colored within 2 minutes in the staining solution, and the coloring became more complete with the extension of the staining time. When the staining time is less than 25 minutes, the coloring of the high vigor seedling slices is lighter after decolorization; the coloration is relatively stable at 25-30 minutes, and there is no significant difference between the effect observed after 1 hour of decolorization and 1 minute of decolorization, and the seedlings with different vigor levels The difference in staining was more obvious (Fig. 3); the observation of prolonged staining time of a high-viability Garlicia seedling showed that extending the staining time after more than 30 minutes did not significantly affect the coloring (Fig. 4). Considering the convenience and speed of this method, 25-30 minutes is appropriate.

Comparative Example 1 was completed in strict accordance with the conditions of Example 1. The only difference was that the sampling sites in Comparative Example 1 were different, and the stems (Comparative Example 1-1) and stems of the same plants corresponding to No. 1-9 in Example 1 were selected respectively. The root junction (Comparative Example 1-2), root top swelling (Comparative Example 1-3), and the middle section of the main root (Comparative Example 1-4) were sampled and observed.

test results:

The comparison results showed that the starch content in the stems of garlic seedlings was generally low, and the starch content in the stems of the tested seedlings was not significantly different, so it was not suitable as a sampling site for vigor testing; The differences among seedlings were obvious, and decreased with the decrease of seedling vigor (Fig. 2). The junction of the stem and root of No. 1-3 garlic fruit seedlings, the swollen root top, the main root and the lateral root cortex are darker in blue and black, indicating that the nutritional status of the garlic fruit seedlings is good at this time, the stored starch has not been consumed in large quantities, and the seedling vitality is relatively good ; No. 4-6 garlic fruit seedlings have lighter coloring at the junction of stem and root, root top expansion, taproot and lateral root cortex, indicating that the seedlings have encountered obvious nutrient stress at this time, and consumed a large amount of previously stored starch. No. 1-3 plants are low; No. 7-9 garlic seedlings have no obvious coloring at the stem-root junction, root top expansion and lateral root cortex, and the coloring in the main root cortex is also very light, indicating that the seedlings have already matured at this time. Under severe nutrient stress, the previously stored starch was exhausted, and the seedling vigor was extremely low, so it was not suitable for afforestation seedlings.

Judging from the degree of damage to the seedlings at different sampling sites, the damage caused by crosscutting the seedlings at several other effective sampling sites is more fatal (cutting off the above-ground part), but in Example 1, the seedlings are relatively complete after only getting the lateral roots, and can still Continue to be used for afforestation; From the perspective of coloring difference and detection sensitivity, the coloring degree difference of the lateral root cortex of different vitality levels is more obvious, and the detection sensitivity is higher than other parts. Therefore, it is more appropriate to select the lateral root as the detection site.

The cultivation and maintenance of the plants in Comparative Example 2 were carried out strictly according to the conditions of Example 1, the only difference being that the sampling strategy and detection method were different. Respectively from the heavily colored seedlings, moderately colored seedlings and lightly colored seedlings (including No. 1-9 plants) of the same batch as No. 1-9 plants in Example 1, 5 plants were randomly selected for each category, and each The leaves and stems of the plants were collected separately, dried in an oven at 75 °C for 24 hours, and the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were determined after grinding with a fully automatic sample fast grinder (model: JXFSTPRP-24). The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the samples were measured by Kjeldahl nitrogen analyzer (model: BUCHI K-360), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (model: PerkinElmer Avio 200), and continuous light source atomic absorption spectrometer (model: JenacontrAA300). One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the differences in the concentrations of the three major mineral elements in garlic seedlings with different coloring degrees.

The test results showed that with the decrease of the coloring degree, the nutrient stress of the garlic seedlings became more and more serious, and the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves and stems gradually decreased (Table 2). The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, and K in the leaves and stems of garlic seedlings heavily colored in the lateral root cortex was higher, and the average concentrations of leaf nitrogen and leaf phosphorus were 20.69 mg/g and 1.86 mg/g, respectively, which were higher than those of 753 species of terrestrial plants in China. The average nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (18.6 mg/g and 1.21 mg/g) indicate that the nutrient status of the garlic seedlings is good at this time, which can meet the growth needs; but as the coloring degree decreases, the lateral root cortex of the moderately colored garlic seedlings The concentration of phosphorus in leaves and stems decreased significantly, and the concentrations of nitrogen and potassium also decreased, indicating that the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of the seedlings was greater than the absorption of the roots at this time, and the plants had been subjected to certain nutrient stress; The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in leaves and stems of fruit seedlings all dropped sharply, indicating that the consumption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in seedlings at this time far exceeds the absorption of roots, and the plants have been under severe nutrient stress and are not suitable for afforestation seedlings. .

Comparative example 3 Evaluating the vigor of garlic seedlings with different degrees of starch coloration in the lateral root cortex by transplanting experiments

The test plant used in comparative example 3 is each randomly selected plant from the heavily colored seedlings, moderately colored seedlings and lightly colored seedlings of the same batch as No. 1-9 plants in Example 1, under the same greenhouse conditions Three independent batches of transplanting experiments were carried out, using 6 plants for each experimental treatment, and the seedling vigor was evaluated by analyzing the rooting ability and transplanting survival rate of the seedlings. (Note: Because in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, No. 1-9 seedlings have been subjected to sub-section sampling and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium analysis and other tests that seriously damage the plants, there is no way to transplant No. 1-9 plants However, the plants used for the transplanting test belong to the same batch as the plants No. 1-9, and have undergone the same coloring evaluation, so they belong to the same batch of effective samples.)

In order to judge the rooting ability of garlic seedlings with different coloring degrees, we set up the same pot partition test, and isolated a new root zone in the cultivation pot, that is, an area with clear physical boundaries to ensure that the roots in this area are seedlings. The new roots that grow after transplanting are used to judge the rooting ability of the plants. The specific operation is to put a plastic basket with four walls hollowed out and through which the root system can pass through into a cultivation pot, transplant the garlic seedlings to a distance of 5 cm from the plastic basket in the pot, and measure the amount of new roots entering the plastic basket after half a year. In the three batches of transplanting experiments, the plastic baskets were either filled with the same cultivation substrate (perlite) as in Example 1, or replaced with more nutrient-rich cultivation substrates (peat soil), or the cultivation substrates in the plastic baskets were mixed with Embodiment 1 is the same, but the excellent host Dalbergia balata for planting garlic fruit. The same as the seedling maintenance process in Example 1, the nutrient solution was poured once a week, the growth status of the plants was observed every week, and the survival rate of transplanted seedlings was recorded; after half a year, the roots were taken out, and the root weight in the plastic basket was weighed.

test results:

The test results showed that a large number of dead seedlings appeared after two months of transplanting for the slightly colored seedlings of the lateral root cortex, and the average survival rate of the seedlings in the three batches of transplanting tests half a year later was less than 15% (Table 3), indicating that the lateral root cortex was colored The shallower garlic seedlings have extremely low vigor, and even if the nutrient supply is increased or the host is transplanted, the survival rate of transplanting cannot be guaranteed, so they are not suitable for afforestation seedlings; The average transplanted survival rate was 86.7%; the seedlings with moderately colored lateral root cortex had better vigor, and had a higher survival rate half a year after transplanting, but the seedling growth was not as good as that of the heavily colored lateral root cortex.

From the point of view of the rooting ability of the seedlings, no new roots were found in the plastic basket half a year after transplanting the slightly colored or uncolored lateral root cortex of the garlic seedlings (Table 4), indicating that the vitality of these garlic seedlings is extremely low, even if the nutrient supply is increased Or the ability to produce new roots after being planted with the host is also very limited; the ability of the seedlings to produce new roots is the strongest in the heavily colored lateral root cortex, and shows a strong response to the nutrient level of the substrate in the plastic basket and whether there is a host plant; the lateral root cortex The ability of moderately pigmented garlic seedlings to develop new roots is significantly lower than that of heavily pigmented seedlings, but it can still be improved to a certain extent by increasing the nutrients in the cultivation medium or planting excellent hosts.

After comprehensive comparison and analysis (Table 5), Example 1 has high accuracy in evaluating the vigor of garlic seedlings, takes a short time, has limited damage to the detection of seedlings, low detection cost, and does not require high equipment and sites. A simple method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings.

Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in terms of form and Various changes may be made in the details without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. a method for fast minimally invasive detection of garlic seedling vigor, is characterized in that: comprise the steps: (1) Collection of test materials: Cut and collect lateral roots at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root; (2) Material processing and slicing: wash the collected lateral roots in clean water, and slice along the incision of the lateral roots with a thickness of 10-40 μm; (3) Tissue staining observation: place the slices in iodine-potassium iodide staining solution with a concentration of 0.51 mol/L and stain for 25-30 minutes, then wash and decolorize in clean water for 1 minute, place in glycerin or clean water, and observe under a magnifying device The degree of blue-black coloring of the lateral root cortex; (4) Evaluation of seedling vigor: Judging the vigor of the seedlings according to the coloring depth of the lateral root cortex, the deeper the cortex coloring and the closer to blue-black, the stronger the vigor of the seedlings. 2. A method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of garlic seedling vigor according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (1), the length of the lateral roots collected at a distance of 1-2 cm from the main root is 0.5-1 cm, and the length of the lateral roots is 0.5-1 cm. It is a lateral root that is free from pests and diseases and has not suffered mechanical damage. 3. A method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (2), when slicing, the lateral roots are cut transversely along the direction perpendicular to the root length, and the incision is smooth. 4. A method for rapidly and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that in step (3), the observation of the slices is completed within 1 hour after staining and decolorization. 5. A method for rapidly and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that in step (3), the magnification factor of the amplification device is greater than or equal to 50 times. 6. A method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the preparation method of the iodine-potassium iodide dye solution is: dissolving 24 g potassium iodide in 15 mL Distilled water or tap water, then add 1g of iodine, dissolve and dilute to 300 mL with distilled or tap water. 7. A method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: in step (3), the iodine-potassium iodide dye solution needs to be prepared immediately after use, and it should be placed in a brown Store in a glass bottle away from light. 8. A method for rapid and minimally invasive detection of the vigor of garlic seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the clear water used for washing and decolorization is distilled water or tap water free of visible impurities.

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