Nitrile latex composition, nitrile glove and preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nitrile gloves, in particular to a nitrile latex composition, a nitrile glove and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The disposable rubber glove is widely applied to the fields of medical examination, health protection, food industry and the like, and has the characteristics of convenient use, disposability and the like. According to the materials, the glove for medical use can be further divided into latex glove using natural rubber latex as main raw material, nitrile glove using nitrile rubber latex as main raw material, PVC glove using polyvinyl chloride paste resin and plasticizer as main raw material, etc. The PVC glove has the advantages of low price, hard hand feeling, low elongation, low plasticizer content, easy dissolution of organic solvent components, poor protective performance, proper price, far superior oil resistance and solvent resistance to latex glove and PVC glove, wide application, low elongation of the nitrile glove and durability. The physical properties of standard ASTM for these three materials of medical examination gloves are shown in table 1, wherein after aging it is after accelerated aging for 168 hours at 70 ℃ as specified in the standard.
TABLE 1 Standard ASTM D412
| Physical property requirements of gloves |
Natural latex glove |
Butyronitrile glove |
PVC gloves |
| Strength before aging (MPa) |
18 |
14 |
7.5 |
| Elongation before aging (%) |
650 |
500 |
300 |
| Post aging strength (MPa) |
14 |
14 |
7.5 |
| Elongation after aging (%) |
500 |
400 |
300 |
| Product requirement-U.S. Standard number |
ASTM D3578 |
ASTM D6319 |
ASTM D5250 |
The stretching stress of the natural latex glove is lower than that of the conventional nitrile glove and PVC glove, and the glove has softer hand feeling, for example, the 300% stretching stress of the natural latex glove is only 1Mpa to 4Mpa, but the 300% stretching stress of the conventional nitrile glove reaches 6Mpa to 15Mpa, and the 300% stretching stress of the PVC glove is more than 7 Mpa. Meanwhile, the performance of the natural latex glove and the nitrile glove can be reduced after aging, particularly the elongation rate can be obviously reduced, so that the performance of the glove is reduced, and the elongation rate and the softness are reduced after the glove is transported for a long distance or stored and placed.
In addition, the existing nitrile glove has the problem of intolerance to wear, especially when the glove has high elongation, such as the glove with the elongation of 600 percent, and the glove is damaged when being continuously worn for basically no more than 60 minutes. Many gloves, when worn continuously and used normally for more than 90 minutes, will have cracks and holes, especially at the root of the thumb and places where the finger is more stressed during daily use. Not only does the need for frequent glove replacement by the user increase cost in an intangible way, but also the potential risk of losing protection is created due to the occurrence of minor breakage in use that is not readily noticeable.
Accordingly, there is a need to develop a nitrile latex composition that enables gloves to be compatible with elongation, tensile stress and durability properties for use in medical gloves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a nitrile latex composition, a nitrile glove and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the problem that the strength, the softness and the durability of the medical nitrile glove are difficult to coordinate in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The invention provides a nitrile rubber latex composition, which comprises, by weight, 100 parts of nitrile rubber latex, 1-3 parts of triazine-formaldehyde condensate resin and 0.3-0.7 part of vulcanizing agent;
the acrylonitrile content of the nitrile rubber latex is 28% -35%. Preferably, the acrylonitrile content is 29% -32% or 33% -34%.
In the nitrile rubber latex composition, unsaturated double bonds in uncrosslinked linear polymer chains in the nitrile rubber latex with specific acrylonitrile content are opened and crosslinked by a vulcanizing agent to form a net structure, the nitrile rubber latex composition has high strength and elongation, and the triazine-formaldehyde condensate resin with specific proportion not only regulates the crosslinking degree of the vulcanizing agent on the nitrile rubber latex, but also self-crosslinks the linear polymer filled with the nitrile rubber, balances the strength, elongation and stretching stress of the crosslinked nitrile rubber latex, and improves the durability of gloves. The prepared butyronitrile glove is soft and comfortable to wear, has a hand feeling close to that of a natural latex glove, has a stretching stress and an elongation close to those of the natural latex glove, has no obvious reduction in performance after aging, and has good durability.
As a preferred embodiment of the nitrile latex composition, the mass ratio of the triazine-formaldehyde condensate resin to the vulcanizing agent is 2-10:1.
As a preferred embodiment of the nitrile latex composition of the present invention, the vulcanizing agent is sulfur or tetramethylthiuram disulfide.
As a preferred embodiment of the nitrile latex composition of the invention, at least one of an active agent, an accelerator, an antioxidant and a colorant is further included.
Further, the paint also comprises, by weight, 0-0.4 part of an active agent, 0-0.7 part of an accelerator, 0-0.5 part of an antioxidant and 0-0.8 part of a pigment.
Further, the active agent is divalent metal oxide, preferably magnesium oxide or zinc oxide, the accelerator is thiocarbamate or thiazole zinc salt, preferably the accelerator is at least one of accelerator ZDEC, accelerator ZDBC and accelerator ZMBT, and the antioxidant is at least one of phenol, amine, phosphite and hindered phenol antioxidants.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a nitrile glove made from the nitrile latex composition.
The nitrile glove has high elongation, low stretching stress and performance reaching or exceeding that of natural latex glove, is durable, and has small change of elongation and stretching stress after aging, so that the glove still keeps elastic and soft in hand feeling even after long-term storage. Compared with the conventional butyronitrile glove, the glove has the advantages that the elongation rate is greatly improved, and the stretching stress is remarkably reduced.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing nitrile gloves, comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing the components of the nitrile latex composition to obtain premixed nitrile latex;
(2) Immersing the hand mould into the coagulant, taking out the hand mould, and drying;
(3) Immersing the hand mould into the obtained premixed nitrile latex, taking out the hand mould, and drying;
(4) Leaching, drying, vulcanizing and forming;
(5) And (5) carrying out chloridizing treatment and demolding.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the nitrile glove, in the step (2), the coagulant is calcium nitrate or calcium chloride.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention applies the nitrile latex composition, the nitrile glove, and the method of making to medical gloves.
The nitrile glove is similar to a natural latex glove, is softer and comfortable to wear, is very durable, can be used continuously for at least more than 2 hours without being damaged, and is suitable for medical gloves.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The nitrile rubber latex composition has the advantages that the nitrile rubber glove prepared by the nitrile rubber latex composition has high elongation and low stretching stress, the performance reaches or exceeds the performance and the hand feeling of a natural rubber latex glove, the hand feeling is softer, the wearing is comfortable, the elongation and stretching stress change is small after the glove is aged, and the hand feeling of the glove still keeps elastic and soft even after the glove is stored for a long time. Compared with the conventional butyronitrile glove, the glove has the advantages of greatly improved elongation, remarkably reduced stretching stress, durability, continuous use time which can be maintained for at least more than 2 hours without damage, and suitability for the field of medical gloves.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
In the following examples and comparative examples, vulcanizing agents, active agents, accelerators, antioxidants and pigments were all commercially available, and the same vulcanizing agents, active agents, accelerators, antioxidants and pigments were used in parallel experiments, unless otherwise specified.
The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are described below, but are not limited to these materials:
the nitrile rubber latex 1 is NL105, has the acrylonitrile content of 28 percent and is purchased from Ningbo Cheng chemical Co., ltd;
the nitrile rubber latex 2 is JZAH-3 in model number and 35% in acrylonitrile content, and is purchased from Ocimum gratism chemical industry Co., ltd;
The nitrile rubber latex 3 is Nantex 640E, the acrylonitrile content is 37 percent, and is purchased from Jiangnan Di chemical industry Co., ltd;
The nitrile rubber latex 4 is Nantex 660, the acrylonitrile content is 25 percent, and is purchased from chemical industry Co., ltd;
Nitrile rubber latex 5, model X6617, acrylonitrile content 32%, available from Shanghai Marx chemical Co., ltd;
triazine-formaldehyde condensate resins, model BOC Sciences, available from U.S. BOCSCI Inc;
Vulcanizing agent is sulfur, which is sold in the market;
active agent is magnesia, which is sold in the market;
accelerator, accelerator ZDEC, commercially available;
antioxidant 2246, commercially available;
pigment, titanium dioxide, commercially available.
The composition components of the nitrile latex compositions of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Components of nitrile latex compositions (parts by weight)
The nitrile rubber latex compositions of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6 were used to prepare nitrile gloves, respectively, and the preparation steps were as follows:
(1) Mixing the components of the nitrile latex compositions of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6 to obtain premixed nitrile latex;
(2) The handle mould is cleaned and dried, and then immersed in a coagulating agent which is calcium nitrate aqueous solution;
(3) Immersing the handle die into the premixed nitrile latex, taking out the handle die, and putting the handle die into an oven for drying;
(4) Leaching, namely drying, vulcanizing and forming at a high temperature of 90-130 ℃;
(5) Demolding the glove after chlorination treatment to obtain the butyronitrile glove.
The related performance of the butyronitrile gloves prepared from the butyronitrile latex compositions of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6 is detected, and the specific detection method is as follows:
(1) The properties associated with the nitrile gloves were measured using the nitrile latex compositions of examples 1-10 and comparative examples 1-6, respectively, using the Standard ASTM-D412 vulcanized rubber and thermoplastic elastomer tensile test method, wherein after aging the nitrile glove was accelerated at 70℃for 168 hours as specified in the Standard.
(2) The durability detection method is as follows:
10 workers at the same post were randomly located from the company's production facility, 5 men and 5 women. Before wearing gloves, firstly performing inflation inspection on the gloves to ensure that the gloves have no visual loopholes and areas with parts which are obviously thinner, then arranging that each worker wears the gloves on both hands, performing daily work, wherein the work content of 10 workers is the same, visually inspecting the gloves worn on the hands of the workers every 5 minutes to see whether the gloves are broken such as cracks and holes, stopping wearing and recording the puncturing time if the gloves are broken, and ending the test if the gloves are still unbroken after two hours. The inspector records the breakthrough time of all the gloves, and the median value of the breakthrough time of all the gloves is taken as a result. The longer the time to puncture, the more durable the glove.
The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Performance of nitrile gloves
Table 3 Performance of the nitrile glove
| Performance of |
Comparative example 1 |
Comparative example 2 |
Comparative example 3 |
Comparative example 4 |
Comparative example 5 |
Comparative example 6 |
| Strength before aging (MPa) |
9.6 |
21.2 |
18.3 |
7.2 |
20.1 |
23.9 |
| Elongation before aging (%) |
695.5 |
598.8 |
700.8 |
780.6 |
746.8 |
700.8 |
| 300% Stress at definite elongation (MPa) before aging |
3.1 |
4.2 |
2.7 |
2.1 |
2.5 |
3.0 |
| Post aging strength (MPa) |
17.4 |
28.5 |
25.4 |
13.6 |
23.5 |
30.2 |
| Elongation after aging (%) |
598.3 |
527.2 |
698.9 |
761.8 |
741.2 |
576.4 |
| 300% Stress at definite elongation (MPa) after aging |
3.9 |
4.8 |
2.8 |
2.6 |
2.9 |
4.2 |
| Durability (continuous wearing use time) |
20 Minutes break |
Break for 25 minutes |
Break for 25 minutes |
For more than 2 hours |
Fracture for 90 minutes |
For more than 2 hours |
The nitrile gloves prepared from the nitrile latex compositions of examples 1-10 were high in elongation and low in stretching stress, the performance achieved or exceeded that of natural latex gloves and the hand feel was softer and more comfortable to wear, and the gloves were durable, and after aging, the elongation and stretching stress were not greatly changed, indicating that the hand feel of the glove remained elastic and soft even after long-term storage. Compared with the conventional butyronitrile glove, the glove has the advantages that the elongation rate is greatly improved, and the stretching stress is remarkably reduced.
Compared with example 1, the nitrile rubber latex compositions used in the nitrile gloves of comparative examples 1 and 2 were respectively 37% and 25% acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber latex, the two products exhibited poor strength at 37% and higher elongation, while the two products exhibited good tensile strength at 25% and lower elongation, respectively, the nitrile rubber latex composition used in the nitrile glove of comparative example 3 was not added with a triazine-formaldehyde condensate resin, although the glove was soft, but the glove was slightly lower in elongation due to the loss of the auxiliary crosslinking filling effect of the resin, and the glove was very weak, the nitrile rubber latex composition used in the nitrile glove of comparative example 4 was not added with a vulcanizing agent, although it had a relatively high elongation, a relatively low tensile stress, and very good durability, but the tensile strength was significantly lower than 14Mpa, and was not in accordance with the standard requirements, the nitrile rubber latex composition used in the nitrile glove of comparative example 5 was not added with a triazine-formaldehyde condensate resin, and the latex composition used in the glove of comparative example 1 was completely lower in quality due to the loss of the auxiliary crosslinking filling effect of the resin, and the glove was completely lower in elongation due to the fact that the latex composition used in the nitrile rubber latex composition of comparative example 4 was not added with a vulcanizing agent, and the latex composition was completely lower in quality of the latex 1, and the glove was completely lower in quality due to the tensile strength, and the latex was completely lower than the latex was completely reduced due to the tensile stress, and the latex was used in the tensile strength was completely lower than 1, the soft hand feel of the aged glove is greatly reduced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.