CN116112696A - Live broadcast method, system, BIER controller, router, device and readable medium - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a live broadcast method for a multicast management system, the live broadcast method including a live broadcast content injection step, the live broadcast content injection step including: generating and storing a first mapping relation between channel information of live broadcast equipment and BFIR information of an available bit index explicit copy entry router of the live broadcast equipment; and injecting the multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live device. The router reduces the burden of the router, saves the resource expenditure, improves the number of supportable live channels and the convergence speed, does not need to introduce multicast state signaling and also does not need to rely on the traditional multicast routing protocol, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance difficulty and shortening the service response time delay. The present disclosure also provides a multicast management system, a BIER controller, a router, an electronic device, and a computer readable medium.

Description

Live broadcast method, system, BIER controller, router, device and readable medium

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of live video broadcasting, in particular to a live broadcasting method, a multicast management system, a BIER controller, a router, an electronic device and a computer-readable medium.

Background technique

With the rapid development of the Internet, a large number of new Internet online real-time services have emerged, such as live streaming, online education, online travel, video conferencing, etc. This new type of live video service is different from on-demand services. In the business, each user has a video stream of one content for unicast transmission, while in the live broadcast business, all users watching the same live broadcast can multiplex the live stream of the same content for transmission, that is, multicast transmission is adopted. However, the traditional multicast technology can no longer meet the needs of new live broadcast services due to its inherent defects.

Contents of the invention

The present disclosure aims at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides a live broadcast method, a multicast management system, a BIER controller, a router, an electronic device, and a computer-readable medium.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a live broadcast method for a multicast management system, the live broadcast method includes a step of injecting live content, and the step of injecting live content includes:

Generate and save the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available bit index explicit copy entry router BFIR information of the live broadcast device;

Injecting the multicast live stream to the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device.

In some embodiments, before generating and saving the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device, the step of injecting live content further includes:

In response to the live broadcast service activation request sent by the live broadcast device, the channel information is generated, and the available BFIR information is obtained from the bit index explicit copy BIER controller.

In some embodiments, injecting the multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device includes:

converting the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device into the multicast live stream;

Send the multicast live stream and the channel information to the router indicated by the available BFIR information.

In some embodiments, the method further includes a step of delivering live content, and the step of delivering live content includes:

determining available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment according to the channel information selected by the user equipment and the first mapping relationship;

generating a second mapping relationship between the BFER information sent by the user equipment, the channel information selected by the user equipment, and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment;

Sending the second mapping relationship to the router indicated by the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment through the BIER controller, so that the router sends a live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship .

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a live broadcast method for a BIER controller, the live broadcast method includes a live content injection step, and the live content injection step includes:

In response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system, the available BFIR information is allocated to the multicast management system.

In some embodiments, the live broadcast method further includes a step of delivering live content, and the step of delivering live content includes:

Forwarding the second mapping relationship among the BFER information, channel information, and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system to the router indicated by the available BFIR information in the second mapping relationship, so that the router can use the second mapping relationship according to the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship sends the live content message to the user equipment.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a live broadcast method for a router, the live broadcast method includes a step of delivering live content, and the step of delivering live content includes:

Receiving the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller;

Delivering the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

In some embodiments, the live broadcast method also includes a live content injection step, and the live content injection step includes:

Receive the multicast live stream injected by the multicast management system.

In some embodiments, the multicast live stream corresponds to channel information, and sending the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship includes:

Determine the multicast live stream corresponding to the channel information in the second mapping relationship;

Encapsulating the determined multicast live stream into a live content message in BIER format according to the second mapping relationship;

Send the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

In some embodiments, the delivery of the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment includes:

In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format is not the current router, determine the next-hop router according to the local forwarding table and the second mapping relationship;

Sending the live content message in the BIER format to the next-hop router, so that the next-hop router delivers the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

In some embodiments, the delivery of the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment includes:

In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format being the current router and receiving the streaming request sent by the user equipment, sending the live content message in the BIER format to the user equipment that sent the streaming request .

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a multicast management system, including:

A processing module, configured to generate and save the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device;

An injection module, configured to inject a multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device.

In the fifth aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a BIER controller, including:

An allocating module, configured to allocate available BFIR information to the multicast management system in response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a router, including:

The receiving module is used to receive the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller;

A sending module, configured to send a live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

one or more processors;

a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;

When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are made to implement the aforementioned live broadcast method.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the program is executed, the aforementioned live broadcast method is implemented.

The live broadcast method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure combines the BIER technology to determine a router as a BFIR for the live broadcast device. In the live content injection step, the multicast management system generates and saves the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device. The first mapping relationship, according to the first mapping relationship, the live content of different live broadcast devices can be respectively injected into the corresponding BFIR, and each subsequent BFIR can send the live content to the user equipment requesting to watch the live broadcast through the corresponding BFR and BFER, and the BFR There is no need to save any multicast forwarding state information, only forwarding according to the network topology, which reduces the burden on routers, saves resource overhead, improves the number of supported live channels and convergence speed, and does not require the introduction of multicast state signaling or Relying on traditional multicast routing protocols reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance and shortens the service response delay.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a live broadcast system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the steps of injecting live content at the side of the multicast management system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of injecting a multicast live stream according to an original live stream according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of the steps of delivering live content on the multicast management system side provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of the steps of injecting live content on the BIER controller side provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of the steps of delivering live content on the router side provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of sending a live content message to a user equipment according to a second mapping relationship provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of sending a live content message in BIER format to a corresponding user equipment provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a working diagram of a live broadcast system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a live content injection process provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a process for delivering live content provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of modules of a multicast management system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a BIER controller provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of modules of a router provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed ways

Example embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

The terminology used herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and/or "consisting of" are used in this specification, the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components are specified to be present but not excluded to be present or Add one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.

Embodiments described herein may be described with reference to plan views and/or cross-sectional views by way of idealized schematic illustrations of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the example illustrations may be modified according to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances. Therefore, the embodiments are not limited to the ones shown in the drawings but include modifications of configurations formed based on manufacturing processes. Accordingly, the regions illustrated in the figures have schematic properties, and the shapes of the regions shown in the figures illustrate the specific shapes of the regions of the elements, but are not intended to be limiting.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art and the present disclosure, and will not be interpreted as having idealized or excessive formal meanings, Unless expressly so limited herein.

With the rapid development of the Internet, a large number of new Internet online real-time services have emerged, such as live streaming, online education, online travel, video conferencing, etc. These new types of live video services are very different from traditional live video services. There are obvious differences in service characteristics, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Real-time: The new live video service requires real-time transmission of services, and supports ultra-low latency (millisecond level) end-to-end, while the traditional live video service ( Such as CCTV news) does not require real-time business transmission, not end-to-end live broadcast, and the viewing end users cannot perceive the real delay difference, so the delay can reach the second level; In addition to pushing content from the terminal to the viewing client, it is also necessary to support the user's own live broadcast, that is, the content is pushed from the live broadcast client to the system and then to the viewing client. Any user can initiate a live broadcast, so that each live broadcast corresponds to a channel. The number of channels supported by the system side is massive, and the traditional live video service usually pushes the content from the system side to the viewing user end, and the number of channels is limited; 3. The number of users: a new type of live video service is compared with the traditional For the live video service, the number of viewing users is unlimited, and the number of viewing users is very tidal, which has a great impact on the network traffic, and the network needs to have a very efficient video distribution capability; 4. The new type of live video business process There should be no jitter and freeze in the video, otherwise it will seriously affect the user's viewing experience, especially for some special live video services (such as online education, live broadcast of major events), a second of freeze may cause users to miss important information As a result, the user experience plummeted.

This new type of live video service is also different from on-demand services. In the on-demand service, the content requested by each user is discrete and unpredictable. In the on-demand service, users and video streams are one-to-one for unicast transmission. In the process of network transmission, each user corresponds to a content video stream. In the live broadcast business, the content of all users watching the same live broadcast is the same. In order to save traffic, these users can multiplex the live stream of the same content for transmission, that is, use multicast transmission, and only need to copy the content. .

At present, the new live video service usually adopts the traditional multicast technology of PIM (protocal independent multicast, protocol independent multicast). PIM establishes a multicast distribution tree from the source to the receiver for each multicast (Group). Each node (router) in the multicast distribution tree maintains multicast forwarding state information: Group, Ingress (entry) interface, Egress (exit) interface. In an operator's IPTV (Internet Protocol television interactive network television) video system, a Group corresponds to a live channel, and a large IPTV system supports subscribing to hundreds or even thousands of live channels. Traditional multicast routing protocols provide If the Group establishes a corresponding multicast distribution tree, each router in the network needs to maintain hundreds or even thousands of multicast forwarding status information, which consumes precious resources of the router, and the old equipment in the existing network is even more stressed. This is the main flaw of PIM.

In addition, there are many defects in PIM, such as: 1. The number of supported channels is limited: the PIM multicast system architecture supports up to several thousand channels, which can only meet the current IPTV service needs of operators, and cannot meet the needs of OTT (Over The Top , Internet companies surpass the needs of operators) for live broadcast services; 2. Poor scalability, slow convergence, and poor user experience: each router needs to maintain multicast forwarding status information, so the scalability is poor; the more multicast distribution trees, the more multicast traffic , the network overhead is greater, and the convergence after the change is also affected by the number of multicast publishing trees. When the multicast subscriber or the network topology changes, the IGP (Interior Gateway Protocol) protocol will re-converge, and the IGP protocol will converge. The multicast protocol can converge again after the multicast protocol converges. After the multicast protocol converges, the multicast distribution tree of each group is recalculated. The convergence time of the multicast distribution tree is much longer than the convergence time of the IGP protocol. As the number of multicasts increases, the convergence time 3. The protocol is complex and difficult to deploy and maintain: Relying on traditional multicast routing protocols to create multicast distribution trees introduces complex 4. Poor performance and high resource overhead: joining and exiting multicast members, managing multicast publishing trees, and maintaining a large number of Multicast forwarding table items will consume equipment cost and performance such as memory, CPU (Central Processing Unit, central processing unit); Reasons such as limited broadcast addresses are not conducive to the promotion and use of multicast, and it is difficult to control billing.

In short, there is an urgent need for a multicast technology with higher performance and more convenient management to support new live video services, expand the scope of operators' video services, and bring better user experience.

For this reason, the embodiment of the present disclosure proposes that the main root cause of the above-mentioned defects in PIM is that relying on traditional multicast routing protocols causes each router to have a huge and repetitive workload in different Groups, for example, each router needs to maintain a large number of And the multicast forwarding status information of different groups. For the live video service, in fact, only the routers close to the live broadcast source and the routers close to the live broadcast receiving end in the multicast distribution tree need to maintain the multicast forwarding As a router close to the live broadcast source or as a router close to the live broadcast receiver, it is necessary to maintain the multicast forwarding status information, which can greatly reduce the burden on the router. BIER (Bit Index Explicit Replication, Bit Index Explicit Replication) is a kind of this Type of multicast technology, BIER is different from traditional PIM, it provides a stateless multicast forwarding mechanism, in the first multicast node BFIR (Bit-Forward Ingress Router, BIER entry router) to determine the multicast receiving node BFER ( Bit-ForwardEgress Router, BIER exit router) information, the intermediate node BFR (Bit-Forward Router, BIER forwarding router) does not need to maintain any multicast forwarding status information (Group, Ingress, Egress). The intermediate nodes of BIER do not perceive any multicast flow, and do not need to store any multicast forwarding state information. They only forward according to the network topology. The network convergence speed is as fast as unicast, and there is no need to introduce multicast state signaling or converge. Therefore, the problem of the traditional multicast technology PIM can be solved.

The embodiment of the present disclosure proposes that in the existing IPTV system of the operator, the relevant routers in the network can be upgraded to support the BIER technology, and the IPTV system pushes the live stream generated by the live broadcast device to the multicast server in the form of unicast , the multicast server converts the unicast live stream into a multicast live stream and pushes it to BFIR. BFIR distributes multicast in the BFR in the BIER network according to the distribution table in the form of multicast stream until it is pushed to BFER, and the user joins the multicast After grouping, go to the corresponding BFER stream to watch.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a live broadcast system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. The live broadcast system may include a live broadcast device, a large video system, a multicast management system, a BIER system, and user equipment. Among them, the live broadcast device is the live broadcast source, or it can be called a live broadcast system; the multicast management system can include a multicast server and a multicast management platform; the BIER system can include a BIER controller and routers that are BFIR, BFR, and BFER respectively; The device is the physical terminal or home gateway or OLT (optical line terminal) device that receives the live broadcast. The entire live broadcast process can be divided into a live content injection process and a live content delivery process. The live content injection process is used to inject multicast live streams into BFIR, and the live content delivery process is used for BFIR to deliver multicast live streams to BFER through BFR. And the BFER delivers the multicast live stream to the user equipment.

Correspondingly, as shown in FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a live broadcast method for a multicast management system. The live broadcast method includes a step of injecting live content, and the step of injecting live content may include the following steps:

In step S11, a first mapping relationship between channel information of the live broadcast device and available BFIR information of the live broadcast device is generated and saved.

In step S12, inject the multicast live stream to the router indicated by the BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device.

Wherein, the channel information of the live broadcast device can include the live channel number, the multicast address used by the live channel, etc., and the BFIR information can be used to indicate the router as the BFIR of the current live broadcast device, and any router can be used as BFIR, BFR or BFER. The live content of the original live stream and the multicast live stream are the same, except that the original live stream is a unicast bit stream, while the multicast live stream is a multicast bit stream.

In the live content injection step, for any live device, the multicast management system generates and saves the first mapping relationship according to the channel information of the live device and the available BFIR information after receiving the live service activation request of the live device, and can Determine the router indicated by the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device according to the first mapping relationship, that is, the router serving as the BFIR of the live broadcast device, and inject the multicast live stream into the BFIR of the live broadcast device according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device. Then, for all the live broadcast devices, according to the first mapping relationship, the live broadcast content of different live broadcast devices can be respectively injected into the corresponding BFIR, and each BFIR can deliver the live broadcast content to the user equipment requesting to watch the live broadcast.

From the above steps S11-S12, it can be seen that the live broadcast method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure combines the BIER technology to determine the router as a BFIR for the live broadcast device. In the live content injection step, the multicast management system generates and saves the channel information of the live broadcast device According to the first mapping relationship with the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device, the live content of different live broadcast devices can be respectively injected into the corresponding BFIR according to the first mapping relationship, and each subsequent BFIR can be viewed through the corresponding BFR and BFER to the request When live user equipment sends live content, BFR does not need to save any multicast forwarding status information, and only forwards it according to the network topology, which reduces the burden on routers, saves resource overhead, and improves the number of supported live channels and convergence speed , No need to introduce multicast status signaling and no need to rely on traditional multicast routing protocols, which reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance and shortens the service response delay.

The multicast management system may assign channel information to the live broadcast device requesting to open the live broadcast service, and the BIER control system may distribute available BFIR information to the live broadcast device requesting to open the live broadcast service. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, the generated and saved Before the first mapping relationship (i.e. step S11) between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device, the step of injecting live content may also include the following steps: responding to the live broadcast service activation request sent by the live broadcast device , generate channel information, and obtain available BFIR information from the BIER controller.

In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device can inject the multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information (i.e. step S12) may include the following steps:

In step S121, the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device is converted into a multicast live stream.

In step S122, send the multicast live stream and channel information to the router indicated by the BFIR information.

After the live broadcast device sends a live broadcast service activation request to the multicast management system, the multicast management system assigns channel information to the live broadcast device, and the BIER controller assigns the available BFIR information to the live broadcast device, the live broadcast device can send the original live stream in unicast form Injected into the multicast server of the multicast management system, the multicast server converts the original live stream in unicast form into a live stream in multicast form, but the live content remains unchanged. The multicast live stream and channel information have a one-to-one correspondence, and the multicast server sends the multicast live stream and channel information to the BFIR of the live broadcast device at the same time, that is, injects the live content of the live broadcast device into the BFIR.

The user equipment can request to the multicast management system to watch the live content of a certain live channel, then the live broadcast method should also include the step of delivering the live content, correspondingly, in some embodiments, the method also includes the step of delivering the live content, As shown in Figure 4, the step of delivering live content may include the following steps:

In step S21, available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment is determined according to the channel information selected by the user equipment and the first mapping relationship.

In step S22, a second mapping relationship between BFER information sent by the user equipment, channel information selected by the user equipment, and available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment is generated.

In step S23, the second mapping relationship is sent to the router indicated by the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment through the BIER controller, so that the router can deliver the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

Wherein, the first mapping relationship is the mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device, and the multicast management system can query the BFIR corresponding to the user equipment in the first mapping relationship according to the channel information selected by the user equipment. information, generating a second mapping relationship between the BFER information sent by the user equipment, the channel information selected by the user equipment, and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment, or the channel information selected by the user equipment and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment The first mapping relationship between is updated to the second mapping relationship between the BFER information sent by the user equipment, the channel information selected by the user equipment, and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment, then the second mapping relationship is equivalent to the multicast forwarding state information : Group, Ingress, and Egress. The second mapping relationship is sent to the router indicated by the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment through the BIER controller. The router, as a BFIR, can encapsulate the live content message in the BIER format according to the second mapping relationship and deliver the BIER format message to the user equipment. Live content message.

Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a live broadcast method for a BIER controller, the live broadcast method includes a live content injection step, as shown in Figure 5, the live content injection step may include the following steps:

In step S31, in response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system, the available BFIR information is allocated to the multicast management system.

In the live content injection step, the BIER controller combines BIER technology to determine the router as a BFIR for the live device, and each BFIR can deliver the live content to the user equipment requesting to watch the live broadcast through the corresponding BFR and BFER, and the BFR does not need to save any multicast forwarding State information can be forwarded only according to the network topology, which reduces the burden on routers, saves resource overhead, improves the number of supported live channels and convergence speed, does not need to introduce multicast state signaling and does not need to rely on traditional multicast routing The protocol thus reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance and shortens the service response delay.

In some embodiments, the live broadcast method for BIER controller also includes the step of sending live content, and the step of sending live content may include the following steps: sending BFER information, channel information, and available information from the multicast management system The second mapping relationship between the BFIR information is forwarded to the router indicated by the available BFIR information in the second mapping relationship, so that the router can deliver the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a live broadcast method for a router. The live broadcast method includes a step of delivering live content, as shown in FIG. 6 , and the step of delivering live content includes:

In step S41, the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller is received.

In step S42, deliver the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

According to the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information, the router sends live content packets to the user equipment. BFR does not need to save any multicast forwarding status information, but only forwards according to the network topology, which reduces the burden on routers. It saves resource overhead, improves the number of supported live channels and convergence speed, does not need to introduce multicast status signaling and does not need to rely on traditional multicast routing protocols, which reduces the difficulty of operation and maintenance and shortens the service response delay.

In some embodiments, the live broadcast method further includes a step of injecting live content, and the step of injecting live content may include the following steps: receiving the multicast live stream injected by the multicast management system.

The multicast management system converts the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device into a multicast live stream. The channel information and the multicast live stream have a one-to-one correspondence. Multicasting live streaming and channel information also injects live content into the current router.

In some embodiments, the multicast live stream corresponds to channel information, as shown in Figure 7, the sending of the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship (that is, step S42) may include the following steps :

In step S421, the multicast live stream corresponding to the channel information in the second mapping relationship is determined.

In step S422, the determined multicast live stream is encapsulated into a live content packet in BIER format according to the second mapping relationship.

In step S423, deliver the live content message in BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

The router receives the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system. Since there are multiple live broadcast devices and multiple live channels, the second mapping relationship is correspondingly multiple , the router can deliver the live content of the channel information recorded in the second mapping relationship to the BFER recorded in the same second mapping relationship, so that the BFER can deliver the live content to the corresponding user equipment. Specifically, the previous multicast management The system has injected the live broadcast content to the current router, that is, the multicast live stream. For any second mapping relationship, the router can first determine the multicast live stream corresponding to the channel information in the second mapping relationship, and then according to the second mapping relationship Channel information (such as multicast address), BFIR and BFER encapsulate the multicast live stream into a live content message in BIER format. The destination address, that is, BFER, can be encapsulated in the header of the live content message. The live broadcast content packets are sent to the user equipment.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the delivery of the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment (ie step S423) may include the following steps:

In step S4231, in response to the fact that the destination address of the live content message in BIER format is not the current router, the next-hop router is determined according to the local forwarding table and the second mapping relationship.

In step S4232, the live content message in BIER format is sent to the next-hop router, so that the next-hop router sends the live content message in BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

As mentioned above, the router can be used as the BFIR of the live broadcast device, the BFR of the live broadcast device, or the BFER of the live broadcast device. Therefore, the router will also receive the live content packets in BIER format from other routers. When receiving The router decapsulates the header of the live content message in BIER format from other routers, and judges whether the device is the destination address. When the device is not the destination address, according to the saved The two mapping relationships and the local forwarding table perform bit operations to obtain the BS (BitString, bit string) value, and send the live content message in BIER format to the next-hop router in the BIER intranet according to the BS value. When it is determined that the device is the destination address, it indicates that the device is currently used as a BFER. Correspondingly, in some embodiments, the sending of the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment (ie step S423 ) may include the following steps:

In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format being the current router and receiving the streaming request sent by the user equipment, sending the live content message in the BIER format to the user equipment that sent the streaming request .

When the router receives the live content message in BIER format and finds that the device is BFER, it will no longer forward the live content message in BIER format, and convert the multicast live stream to unicast when the user device pulls the stream from the device The live stream returns the unicast live stream to the user equipment for decoding and playing by the user equipment.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 9, the multicast management system can include a multicast server and a multicast management platform, the multicast management platform can synchronize multicast channel information with the multicast server and service platform, and can perform BIER with the BIER controller Information synchronization can obtain multicast channel information from the multicast proxy module of the user equipment and receive BFER information reported by the multicast proxy module, and can also create a multicast channel, that is, a live channel, for the multicast source, that is, the live source. BIER controller can synchronize BFER information with BFIR and notify BFIR that BFER joins the multicast. The multicast server can inject multicast media streams, that is, multicast live streams, into BFIR, receive content injection from multicast sources, and respond to stream pulls from CDN nodes. The business platform of the big video system can handle business requests such as terminal login authentication, and the CDN node can provide the time-shifted/ For the review function, the CDN edge nodes play a role of caching. BFIR, BFR, and BFER can inject multicast media streams to the multicast agent module through the provincial/city CR, BRAS, access OLT, and HG. The multicast agent can process service requests from terminals, and can also join multicast groups through HG. Media unicast streams can be injected into endpoints.

The multicast management system is responsible for the unified management and control of multicast resources and media streams. In the existing IPTV system of operators, since the channels are basically fixed at the beginning of system construction and rarely changed in the later operation process, the management of multicast channels It is very simple, and the information is relatively small. The management of multicast capability is coupled with business management and operation. However, in the new video live broadcast service, the live broadcast channels are random and massive, so separate management and operation are necessary. . The main functions of the multicast management platform include: managing multicast agents, such as managing the login and heartbeat of multicast agents; maintaining the list of multicast channels (equivalent to the collection of channel information) such as multicast time and channel number; issuing multicast channels The list is given to the multicast server and the multicast agent; the multicast channel information is synchronized with the multicast server and the big video service platform; the corresponding relationship between the management channel, BFER and BFIR (equivalent to the second mapping relationship) and so on. The main functions of the multicast server include: obtaining multicast channel information, creating multicast physical channels, injecting content sources from live broadcast platforms or CDNs and converting them into multicast streams and media description information such as multicast group addresses, channel code rates, etc. Convert unicast to multicast and transmit multicast media data, support unicast retransmission of multicast agent, etc. The BIER system includes a BIER controller and routers serving as BFIR, BFR, and BFER respectively, responsible for link construction and maintenance of the BIER network, encapsulation, forwarding, and analysis of BIER messages, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure mainly relate to the functional connection of the BIER controller. The BIER controller is responsible for the connection between the service and the BIER network layer, the information exchange on the multicast service control plane, the management of the multicast traffic information entering the BIER domain, and the joining and leaving of multicast users.

The big video system is responsible for big video business management and CDN content distribution. The embodiment of the present disclosure mainly involves the functional connection between the business management platform and the CDN. The business management platform is responsible for the information synchronization of the multicast channel, and the CDN is responsible for the storage and recording of the multicast video. To support look-back and time-shifting services.

User equipment is the operation interface and viewing interface for users to use the live video service and the terminal used for access. It not only refers to a physical terminal, but also a home gateway or OLT device. User equipment includes a terminal and a multicast agent. The terminal is responsible for user Login authentication, request for video services, obtain and play video streams, etc., the multicast agent is responsible for obtaining media description information from the CDN or multicast server, parsing the corresponding multicast information, supporting terminals to join multicast groups, and receiving messages sent by the multicast server. Multicast packets, support multicast to unicast, support unicast retransmission requests, etc.

The live broadcast method provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure will be briefly described below with reference to FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 .

As shown in Figure 10, the live content injection step of the live broadcast method may include the following steps:

S51: The live broadcast source (Content Provider, content provider CP) performs CP legality authentication to the service platform, and the service platform returns the authentication result to the live broadcast source;

If it is legal, execute S52, otherwise end.

S52: The live broadcast source sends a live broadcast service activation request to the multicast management platform;

S53: The multicast management platform generates channel information such as live channel ID and multicast address;

S54: The multicast management platform sends an available BFIR information acquisition request to the BIER controller, and the BIER controller returns a result to the multicast management platform;

S55: After receiving the available BFIR information, the multicast management platform generates a mapping relationship between channel information and BFIR, and returns the channel information to the live broadcast source;

S56: The multicast management platform synchronizes the channel information to the service management platform, and the service management platform synchronizes to the CDN, and the CDN generates the channel physical channel; if there is no need to look back at time-shifting services, this step can be skipped;

S57: The multicast management platform synchronizes the channel information to the multicast server;

S58: the multicast management platform synchronizes the channel information to the BIER controller,

S59: The BIER controller synchronizes the channel information to the BFIR, which is used for the BFIR to encapsulate the live content message in the BIER format;

S60: the live broadcast source injects the original live stream into the multicast server in the form of unicast;

S61: the multicast server converts the original live stream into a multicast live stream;

S62: The CDN node pulls the multicast live stream from the multicast server to perform operations such as buffering and recording, and provides services such as time-shifting and viewing;

S63: The multicast server injects the multicast live stream into the BFIR.

As shown in Figure 11, the steps of delivering live content in the live broadcast method may include the following steps:

S71: The user starts the live broadcast APP (Application, application) on the terminal, and initiates login authentication to the service platform. After the authentication is successful, the service platform will return service information, including the address of the multicast management platform; ) will automatically obtain the ID of the BFER from the BRAS after the authentication is successful, and execute S72; if the authentication is not successful, it will end;

S72: The user sends a multicast proxy address request to the multicast management platform;

S73: The multicast management platform judges whether the multicast agent is registered and available, and redirects to the multicast agent if registered; otherwise, redirects after registering the multicast agent;

S74: The user obtains a list of channel information from the multicast management platform through the multicast agent;

S75: the user selects a channel information from the list to request to watch;

S76: The multicast agent reports BFER information to the multicast management platform;

S77: The multicast management platform updates the second mapping relationship among users, channel information, BFIR, and BFER;

S78: The multicast management platform synchronizes the channel information, the second mapping information between BFIR and BFER to the BIER controller;

S79: The BIER controller synchronizes the second mapping relationship to the BFIR;

S80: BFIR updates the BS of the channel and encapsulates the live content message in BIER format;

S81: BFIR performs a bit operation according to the BS and the forwarding table, and distributes the multicast live stream in the BIER network to the next-hop router BFR according to the BS value after the bit operation;

The format of the multicast live stream is the live content packet in BIER format. The BIER local forwarding table is calculated and generated based on the BIER link state database of the IGP, and the BIER link state database is generated by the BIER extended flooding of the IGP (ISIS/OSPF) protocol.

S82: BFR parses the BIER message header, and repeats the operation of S81 until the multicast stream reaches the receiving device BFER, and BFER decapsulates the BIER message header and finds that the device is the destination device, and then no longer forwards;

S83: After selecting the channel information, the user joins the multicast group through the multicast proxy;

S84: the multicast agent joins the multicast group;

S85: The user pulls the stream to watch through the multicast agent;

S86: The multicast proxy sends a streaming request to the BFER;

S87: The multicast agent converts the multicast live stream into a unicast live stream and returns it to the user terminal;

S88: The terminal decodes and plays the unicast live stream after receiving it.

Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a multicast management system, as shown in FIG. 12 , which may include:

A processing module 101, configured to generate and save a first mapping relationship between channel information of a live broadcast device and available BFIR information of the live broadcast device;

The injection module 102 is configured to inject the multicast live stream to the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device.

In some embodiments, the processing module 101 is further configured to: generate the channel information in response to the live broadcast service activation request sent by the live broadcast device, and obtain the available BFIR information to the bit index explicit copy BIER controller.

In some embodiments, injection module 102 is used to:

converting the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device into the multicast live stream;

Send the multicast live stream and the channel information to the router indicated by the available BFIR information.

In some embodiments, the processing module 101 is also used for:

determining available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment according to the channel information selected by the user equipment and the first mapping relationship;

generating a second mapping relationship between the BFER information sent by the user equipment, the channel information selected by the user equipment, and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment;

The injection module 102 is configured to: send the second mapping relationship to the router indicated by the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment through the BIER controller, so that the router can send information to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship Send live content packets.

Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a BIER controller, as shown in Figure 13, which may include:

The allocation module 201 is configured to allocate available BFIR information to the multicast management system in response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system.

In some embodiments, the BIER controller further includes a sending module, and the sending module is configured to: forward the second mapping relationship among the BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system to the second The router that can be indicated by the BFIR information in the mapping relationship is used for the router to deliver the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a router, as shown in FIG. 14 , which may include:

The receiving module 301 is configured to receive the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller;

The sending module 302 is configured to deliver the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship.

In some embodiments, the receiving module 301 is further configured to: receive the multicast live stream injected by the multicast management system.

In some embodiments, the multicast live stream corresponds to channel information, and the sending module 302 is used for:

Determine the multicast live stream corresponding to the channel information in the second mapping relationship;

Encapsulating the determined multicast live stream into a live content message in BIER format according to the second mapping relationship;

Send the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

In some embodiments, the sending module 302 is used for:

In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format is not the current router, determine the next-hop router according to the local forwarding table and the second mapping relationship;

Sending the live content message in the BIER format to the next-hop router, so that the next-hop router delivers the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment.

In some embodiments, the sending module 302 is configured to: send the live content message in BIER format to and send it to the user equipment that sends the streaming request.

In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, including:

one or more processors;

a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon;

When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are made to implement any of the following:

The live method for the multicast management system as described in the previous embodiments;

The live method for BIER controller as described in previous embodiments;

The live broadcast method used for routers as described in the previous embodiments.

In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a computer storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the program is executed, any of the following is achieved:

The live method for the multicast management system as described in the previous embodiments;

The live method for BIER controller as described in previous embodiments;

The live broadcast method used for routers as described in the previous embodiments.

Those skilled in the art can understand that all or some of the steps in the method disclosed above and the functional modules/units in the device can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware and an appropriate combination thereof. In a hardware implementation, the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, one physical component may have multiple functions, or one function or step may be composed of several physical components. Components cooperate to execute. Some or all of the physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, digital signal processor, or microprocessor, or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit . Such software may be distributed on computer readable media, which may include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or transitory media). As known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. permanent, removable and non-removable media. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cartridges, tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or can Any other medium used to store desired information and which can be accessed by a computer. In addition, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media .

Example embodiments have been disclosed herein, and while specific terms have been employed, they are used and should be construed in a generic descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation. In some instances, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that features, characteristics and/or elements described in connection with a particular embodiment may be used alone, or may be described in combination with other embodiments, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Combinations of features and/or elements. Accordingly, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (16)

1. a live broadcast method, for multicast management system, described live broadcast method comprises live content injection step, and described live content injection step comprises: Generate and save the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available bit index explicit copy entry router BFIR information of the live broadcast device; Injecting the multicast live stream to the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, before said generating and saving the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device, said live content injection step further comprises : In response to the live broadcast service activation request sent by the live broadcast device, the channel information is generated, and the available BFIR information is obtained from the bit index explicit copy BIER controller. 3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the injecting the multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device comprises: converting the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device into the multicast live stream; Send the multicast live stream and the channel information to the router indicated by the available BFIR information. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method further comprises a step of delivering live content, and the step of delivering live content comprises: determining available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment according to the channel information selected by the user equipment and the first mapping relationship; generating a second mapping relationship between the BFER information sent by the user equipment, the channel information selected by the user equipment, and the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment; Sending the second mapping relationship to the router indicated by the available BFIR information corresponding to the user equipment through the BIER controller, so that the router sends a live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship . 5. a live broadcast method, for BIER controller, described live broadcast method comprises live content injection step, and described live content injection step comprises: In response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system, the available BFIR information is allocated to the multicast management system. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the live broadcast method further comprises a step of delivering live content, and the step of delivering live content comprises: Forwarding the second mapping relationship among the BFER information, channel information, and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system to the router indicated by the available BFIR information in the second mapping relationship, so that the router can use the second mapping relationship according to the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship sends the live content message to the user equipment. 7. A live broadcast method is used for a router, and the live broadcast method includes a step of sending live content, and the step of sending live content includes: Receiving the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller; Delivering the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the live broadcast method also includes a live content injection step, and the live content injection step includes: Receive the multicast live stream injected by the multicast management system. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the multicast live stream corresponds to channel information, and sending the live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship comprises: Determine the multicast live stream corresponding to the channel information in the second mapping relationship; Encapsulating the determined multicast live stream into a live content message in BIER format according to the second mapping relationship; Send the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the sending the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment comprises: In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format is not the current router, determine the next-hop router according to the local forwarding table and the second mapping relationship; Sending the live content message in the BIER format to the next-hop router, so that the next-hop router delivers the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment. 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the sending the live content message in the BIER format to the corresponding user equipment comprises: In response to the destination address of the live content message in the BIER format being the current router and receiving the streaming request sent by the user equipment, sending the live content message in the BIER format to the user equipment that sent the streaming request . 12. A multicast management system, comprising: A processing module, configured to generate and save the first mapping relationship between the channel information of the live broadcast device and the available BFIR information of the live broadcast device; An injection module, configured to inject a multicast live stream into the router indicated by the available BFIR information according to the original live stream sent by the live broadcast device. 13. A BIER controller comprising: An allocating module, configured to allocate available BFIR information to the multicast management system in response to the available BFIR information acquisition request sent by the multicast management system. 14. A router comprising: The receiving module is used to receive the second mapping relationship between BFER information, channel information and available BFIR information sent by the multicast management system through the BIER controller; A sending module, configured to send a live content message to the user equipment according to the second mapping relationship. 15. An electronic device comprising: one or more processors; a storage device having one or more programs stored thereon; When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are made to implement any of the following: The live broadcast method as described in any one of claims 1-4; The live broadcast method as described in any one of claims 5-6; The live broadcast method according to any one of claims 7-11. 16. A computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein, when the program is executed, any of the following is achieved: The live broadcast method as described in any one of claims 1-4; The live broadcast method as described in any one of claims 5-6; The live broadcast method according to any one of claims 7-11.

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