CN116247432B - A base station antenna - Google Patents
A base station antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN116247432B CN116247432B CN202310436471.6A CN202310436471A CN116247432B CN 116247432 B CN116247432 B CN 116247432B CN 202310436471 A CN202310436471 A CN 202310436471A CN 116247432 B CN116247432 B CN 116247432B
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- station antenna
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The base station antenna comprises a phase shifter cavity, a feed network board and a phase shifting medium, wherein the feed network board is provided with a phase shifting circuit, a power dividing circuit connected with the phase shifting circuit and arranged in the phase shifter cavity, the phase shifting medium is arranged in the phase shifter cavity and arranged on two sides of the phase shifting circuit, the radiation oscillator comprises a first conductor, a through hole corresponding to the radiation oscillator is arranged on the phase shifter cavity, and the first conductor passes through the through hole and is directly and electrically connected with the power dividing circuit. The present disclosure innovatively contemplates replacing the phase cable with a direct electrical connection instead of using the phase cable, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand and also makes phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure more stable and accurate on the other hand.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of mobile communications, and more particularly to a base station antenna.
Background
Currently, phase shifters in conventional base station antenna design systems use a large number of phase cable switches, such as cables between the elements and the phase shifters. These phase cables are scattered and easily confused during soldering, so that the phase shifter cannot work normally. In addition, the dimensional accuracy of these phase cables also affects the phase accuracy of the phase shifter. And because the lengths of the phase cables are not optimal, the losses are also large. Furthermore, the presence of the phase cable necessarily results in more pads, which also affects the passive intermodulation performance of the whole phase shifter. Finally, the presence of these phase cables is also not conducive to automated assembly, and is labor-consuming.
Disclosure of Invention
The phase shifter and the base station antenna comprising the phase shifter in the prior art use a large number of phase cables, and the phase cables bring about a plurality of inconveniences. The inventors of the present disclosure innovatively conceived that instead of using a phase cable, a direct electrical connection is adopted instead of the phase cable, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand and also makes phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure more stable and accurate on the other hand.
In summary, in view of the above technical problems, the present disclosure proposes a base station antenna, including:
The phase shifter comprises a phase shifter cavity, a feed network board, a phase shifting medium and a control circuit, wherein the feed network board is provided with a phase shifting circuit and a power dividing circuit connected with the phase shifting circuit, the phase shifting circuit is arranged in the phase shifter cavity, the phase shifting medium is arranged in the phase shifter cavity and at two sides of the phase shifting circuit, and the phase shifting medium is arranged in the phase shifter cavity
The radiating oscillator comprises a first conductor, wherein a through hole corresponding to the radiating oscillator is arranged on the phase shifter cavity, and the first conductor passes through the through hole and is directly and electrically connected with the power dividing circuit.
In a base station antenna according to the present disclosure, the first conductor of the radiating element and the feed network plate are also directly electrically connected, nor is a phase cable used. The base station antenna according to the present disclosure replaces a phase cable in a direct electrical connection manner, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand, and also enables phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure to be more stable and accurate on the other hand.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, a first coupling portion is disposed at an end of the first conductor near the feed network, and the power dividing circuit is disposed with a second coupling portion that mates with the first coupling portion, wherein a dielectric layer is disposed between the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion. In this way a direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate can be made more convenient. Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the dielectric layer is an insulating medium coated on the first conductor or the power dividing circuit. That is, the insulating medium may be coated on either the first conductor or the power dividing circuit, as long as there is an insulating medium between the first conductor and the feed network plate.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the first conductor is a resilient arm that resiliently abuts the second coupling portion. In this way a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate can be ensured by means of an interference fit.
In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, a fixing arm is further disposed at an end of the first conductor near the power dividing circuit, and the first coupling portion and the fixing arm form a fixing clip to clamp the second coupling portion. In this way, a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate can be achieved by means of clamping.
For ease of manufacture, preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the fixed arm is a metal arm and is integrally formed with the first conductor.
Optionally, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the fixing arm is a plastic arm and is fixed on the first conductor, thereby enabling to reduce the manufacturing cost of the first conductor and thus the manufacturing cost of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter further comprises an elastic fixing member disposed in the phase shifter cavity, wherein one end of the elastic fixing member abuts against a sidewall of the phase shifter cavity and the other end abuts against the first coupling portion, so that the first coupling portion is tightly pressed against the second coupling portion. In this way a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate can be achieved by means of the fixtures within the phase shifter cavity.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter further comprises an elastic abutment disposed within the phase shifter cavity, wherein the elastic abutment is located on a side of the power division circuit facing away from the elastic fixture, and wherein one end of the elastic abutment abuts against a sidewall of the phase shifter cavity and the other end abuts against the power division circuit. In order to further ensure a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate, a resilient abutment can also be additionally provided on the side of the feed network remote from the first conductor, thereby further ensuring a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate.
In an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the radiating element is fixed on the phase shifter cavity and further comprises a second conductor, between which a first dielectric element is arranged, such that the second conductor and the phase shifter cavity are in a contactless coupling connection. In this way, it can be ensured that the second conductor can also be connected to the phase shifter chamber via the first dielectric element in a contactless manner.
Additionally, in an embodiment according to the present disclosure, the radiating element is fixedly mounted on the phase shifter cavity by a fixing element, the first dielectric element being configured as the fixing element. The first dielectric element is used for multiplexing the fixing element originally used for fixing the radiation oscillator, so that simplification of parts is realized, assembly is convenient, and the structure is simpler and more reliable.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the base station antenna further includes a reflection plate, the radiating element includes a second conductor and is located at two sides of the reflection plate with the phase shifter, and an avoidance hole is provided on the reflection plate, wherein the second conductor of the radiating element passes through the avoidance hole and is fixed on the phase shifter cavity. In this way, the radiating element and the phase shifter are respectively located at both sides of the reflection plate, and thus the signal emission performance of the base station antenna can be ensured.
Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, a second dielectric element is disposed between the reflective plate and the phase shifter cavity such that the reflective plate is coupled to the phase shifter cavity.
More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter cavity includes a top wall, a bottom wall disposed opposite the top wall, and a side wall between the top wall and the bottom wall, the top wall, the bottom wall, the side wall enclose to form the phase shifter cavity, and the top wall extends outward to form an extension arm coupled with a reflective plate. In this way, the coupling of the phase shifter and the reflecting plate can be achieved via the extension arm, thereby ensuring the performance of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter cavity includes a top wall, a bottom wall disposed opposite the top wall, and a side wall between the top wall and the bottom wall, the top wall, the bottom wall, and the side wall forming the phase shifter cavity, the phase shifting medium being located between the side wall and the phase shifting circuit.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter is further provided with a pull rod and an adapter element, wherein a travel slot is provided on the bottom wall, wherein one end of the adapter element is connected to the phase shifting medium and the other end is connected to the pull rod through the travel slot. In this way, the movement of the phase shifting medium can be easily realized through the pull rod outside the phase shifter cavity, and then the accurate phase adjustment is realized.
Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the guide rail is configured with inward hooks or outward hooks configured in pairs, and the pull rod is fixed between or fixedly connected with two oppositely disposed inward hooks, so that the pull rod can move parallel to the phase shifter. In this way, the tie rod of the phase shifting medium for driving the phase shifter does not need to adopt an additional fixing component, but is clamped by means of two oppositely arranged inward hooks arranged on the phase shifter cavity, or is fixedly connected by means of two oppositely arranged outward hooks arranged on the phase shifter cavity, so that the tie rod can move parallel to the phase shifter, and the technical purpose of phase shifting of the phase shifter is achieved.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter cavity includes a top wall, a bottom wall disposed opposite to the top wall, and a side wall between the top wall and the bottom wall, at least one of an intersection of the top wall and the side wall, and an intersection of the bottom wall and the side wall is provided with a step portion, wherein an intra-cavity width of the phase shifter cavity at the step portion is smaller than a distance between a pair of the side walls. In this way, the resonant frequency of the phase shifter cavity can be increased, thereby ensuring that its resonant frequency does not fall into the operating frequency of the phase shifter or base station antenna, to ensure performance of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure. Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the number of the step portions is 2, and is located at an end of the side wall near the top wall.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the bottom wall is provided with a guide rail along which the pull rod is slidable. In this way, the connection between the tie rod and the phase shifting medium is simple and direct, facilitating the assembly process of the whole base station antenna.
Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the phase shifter and the reflection plate are integrally formed.
In one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the feed network board further comprises a phase compensation circuit, one end of which is connected to the power dividing circuit and the other end of which is connected to the first conductor of the radiating element.
In summary, in the base station antenna according to the present disclosure, the first conductor of the radiating element and the feeding network board are also directly electrically connected, and no phase cable is used. The base station antenna according to the present disclosure replaces a phase cable in a direct electrical connection manner, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand, and also enables phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure to be more stable and accurate on the other hand.
Drawings
The embodiments are shown and described with reference to the drawings. The drawings serve to illustrate the basic principles and thus only show aspects necessary for understanding the basic principles. The figures are not to scale. In the drawings, like reference numerals refer to like features.
Fig. 1 illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 100 in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2A illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 2B illustrates a perspective view of the base station antenna 200 illustrated in fig. 2A;
fig. 2C shows an exploded perspective view of the base station antenna 200 shown in fig. 2A;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element 320 according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4A shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element 420 according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 4B shows an exploded perspective view of the radiating element 420 shown in fig. 4A;
fig. 5A illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 500 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5B illustrates a perspective view of the mount 516 of the base station antenna 500 illustrated in fig. 5A;
Fig. 6 illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 600 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element 720 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a connection between a radiating element 820 and a feed network plate 813 according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure;
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a phase shifter cavity 911 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 10 illustrates a schematic diagram of a pull rod 1015 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 11 shows a schematic structural diagram of a phase shifting medium 1112 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, and
Fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a switch element 1217 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Other features, characteristics, advantages and benefits of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. The accompanying drawings illustrate, by way of example, specific embodiments in which the disclosure may be practiced. The illustrated embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments according to the present disclosure. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.
As described above, the phase shifter and the base station antenna including the same in the related art use a large number of phase cables, which cause a lot of inconveniences. The inventors of the present disclosure innovatively contemplate that instead of using a phase cable, the phase cable is replaced by directly connecting the radiating element to the feed network within the phase shifter cavity, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand and also makes the phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure more stable and accurate on the other hand.
A base station antenna according to the present disclosure will be described below with the aid of the accompanying drawings. Wherein fig. 1 shows an end view of a base station antenna according to the present disclosure, and fig. 2 to 7 show partial enlarged views of various components comprised by the base station antenna according to the present disclosure. Fig. 2A-2C illustrate a base station antenna 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 illustrates a radiating element 320 in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 4A and 4B illustrate a radiating element 420 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 5A and 5B illustrate a base station antenna 500 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 6 illustrates a base station antenna 600 in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 7 shows a radiating element 720 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 8 shows a connection between a radiating element 820 and a feed network plate 813 according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 9 shows a phase shifter cavity 911 in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 10 illustrates a draw bar 1015 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 11 illustrates a phase shifting medium 1112 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 12 illustrates a switch element 1217 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the proposed base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure comprises a phase shifter 110 and a radiating element 120. Specifically, the phase shifter 110 further includes left and right phase shifter cavities 111, a feed network plate 113, and a phase shifting medium 112, where the feed network plate 113 is configured with a phase shifting circuit, a power dividing circuit connected with the phase shifting circuit, a phase compensating circuit, and disposed in the phase shifter cavities 111, and the phase shifting medium 112 is disposed in the phase shifter cavities 111 and disposed on two sides of the phase shifting circuit included in the feed network plate 113, that is, each phase shifter cavity includes two phase shifting mediums 112. And the radiating element 120 comprises a radiating arm 121 and a first conductor 123, wherein the first conductor 123 and the feeding network plate 113 are directly electrically connected. The term "directly electrically connected" as used herein means that the connection is made without the aid of a phase cable, and includes both contact-type electrical connections and non-contact-type coupled electrical connections.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the electrical connection between the various components of the base station antenna 100 shown in fig. 1 (mainly the first conductor 123 of the radiating element 120 and the feeding network plate 113) does not need to be by means of a phase cable, but the radiating element 120 is directly electrically connected to the feeding network plate 113, i.e. in the base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure, the first conductor 123 of the radiating element 120 and the feeding network plate 113 are directly electrically connected, nor a phase cable is used. So that the base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure replaces the phase cable by a direct electrical connection, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand and also makes phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure more stable and accurate on the other hand.
Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, the radiating element 120 may also comprise a second conductor 122. At this time, the second conductor 122 and the phase shifter cavity 111 may be directly electrically connected. The use of phase cables can thereby be further reduced, further simplifying the assembly complexity. Here, as such, the term "direct electrical connection" means connection without the aid of a phase cable, which includes both contact-type electrical connection and non-contact-type coupled electrical connection.
The lower end of the phase shift medium 112 for phase shifting described above can have a rack, for example, so that it can be driven by means of an external motor-driven gear. To further facilitate the driving means, the inventors of the present disclosure have also proposed a means of driving by means of a pull rod parallel to the shifter cavity. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 according to the present disclosure, the outside of the shifter cavity 111 is configured with guide fixtures configured in pairs, such as inward hooks 114 or outward hooks 116. At this time, the base station antenna 100 further includes a pull rod 115, where the pull rod 115 is fixed between two opposite inward hooks 114, or the pull rod is engaged with two opposite outward hooks 116 from the outside (this implementation is not shown in fig. 1), so that the pull rod can move parallel to the phase shifter. In such a way that the pull rod 115 of the phase shifting medium 112 for driving the phase shifter 110 does not need to use an additional fixing member, but the pull rod 115 is clamped by means of two oppositely arranged inward hooks 114 arranged on the phase shifter cavity 111 or fixedly connected by means of two oppositely arranged outward hooks 116 arranged on the phase shifter cavity 111, so that the pull rod 115 can be moved parallel to the phase shifter for the technical purpose of shifting the phase of the phase shifter 110.
In order to achieve such a technical object, a travel groove is provided in the bottom wall of the phase shifter chamber 111, and the tie rod 115 and the phase shifting medium 112 can be connected by, for example, an adapter element. The specific manner in which such a phase shifting medium 112 and an adapter element cooperate will be described in detail below. Preferably, in the embodiment of fig. 1 according to the present disclosure, the pull rod 115 is fixedly connected to the phase shifting medium 112 by means of an adapter element (which will be described by means of fig. 12). In this way, the connection between the pull rod 115 and the phase shifting medium 112 is made simple and straightforward, facilitating the overall assembly process of the base station antenna 100.
Preferably, in order to reduce the volume of the phase shifting medium as much as possible so that the equivalent DK value of the phase shifting medium is as close to air as possible, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 according to the present disclosure, the phase shifting medium 112 is constructed as a segmented structure, with the individual segments being connected by reinforcing ribs. In this way, the phase shifting performance of the phase shifter 110 can be improved.
How to ensure a reliable connection of the first conductor 123 and the feeding network plate 113 without using a phase cable becomes a technical problem to be noted. In the solution of the present disclosure, a first coupling portion is disposed at an end of the first conductor 123 near the feeding network board 113, and a second coupling portion that mates with the first coupling portion is disposed at a corresponding position of the power dividing circuit included in the feeding network board 113. Here, a dielectric layer is provided between the first coupling portion and the second coupling portion. In this way a direct electrical connection between the first conductor 123 and the feed network plate can be made more conveniently. Here, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the dielectric layer is an insulating medium coated on the first conductor or the power dividing circuit. That is, the insulating medium may be coated on either the first conductor or the power dividing circuit, as long as there is an insulating medium between the first conductor and the feed network plate. Of course, it is understood that in other embodiments, the dielectric layer may be a separate component.
In addition to the dielectric layer, it is necessary to ensure contact strength such as abutment. For this reason, how the contact force of abutment is ensured will be described below with the aid of fig. 2A to 5B.
Fig. 2A illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 200 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 2B illustrates a perspective view of the base station antenna 200 illustrated in fig. 2A, and fig. 2C illustrates an exploded perspective view of the base station antenna 200 illustrated in fig. 2A. As can be seen from fig. 2A to 2C, the first conductor 223 is a resilient arm, and the resilient arm 223 resiliently abuts against the second coupling portion, i.e., the portion of the feed network board 213 connected to the resilient arm 223. Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 2A to 2C, the lower ends of the spring arms 223 have wedge-shaped heads, so that the first conductors 223 are inserted into the phase shifter cavities and connected to the portions of the feed network plate 213 connected to the spring arms 223. In this way a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor 223 and the feed network plate 213 can be ensured by means of an interference fit.
In order to further ensure the reliability of the contact force of the abutment, a fixing arm can also be provided, which can be provided either on the first conductor 223 or, for example, on the support 230 for fixing the radiating element. As can be seen in fig. 2A-2C, in this embodiment, the securing arm 234 is disposed over the support 230, which is sized so that the securing arm 234 cooperates with the first conductor 223 to form a clamp. After insertion into the phase shifter cavity 210, the feed network board 213 can be clamped from the left and right sides in the direction of the drawing of fig. 2A to 2C, ensuring a reliable direct electrical connection. For ease of installation, corresponding openings are provided in the bottom of the support 230 and in the top of the phase shifter cavity 210, so that the first conductor 223 can be inserted into the phase shifter cavity 210 via these openings.
Of course, the fixing arm can also be arranged above the first conductor. Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element 320 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen in fig. 3, the fixing arm 334 is integrally formed with the first conductor 323 for ease of manufacture. Alternatively, the material of the fixing arm 334 may be selected to be either metal or plastic, since it is only necessary that the fixing arm function. Specifically, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, a fixing arm 334 is further disposed at an end of the first conductor 323 near the power dividing circuit, and the first coupling portion and the fixing arm 334 form a fixing clip to clamp the feeding network board, particularly, clamp the second coupling portion of the feeding network board. In this way, a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor 323 and the feed network plate can be achieved by means of clamping. Optionally, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the fixing arm 334 is a plastic arm and is fixed on the first conductor 323, thereby enabling to reduce the manufacturing cost of the first conductor and thus the manufacturing cost of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure.
Furthermore, the fixing arm 334 does not necessarily have to be provided above the first conductor 323. Fig. 4A illustrates a schematic structural view of a radiating element 420 according to still another embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 4B illustrates an exploded perspective view of the radiating element 420 illustrated in fig. 4A. As can be seen in fig. 4A and 4B, in this embodiment, the securing arm 434 can be provided on the support 430, for example, in which case the same material as the support 430 can be used in one piece.
In addition to the above-described connection method in which the first conductor is directly electrically connected, the first conductor may be fixed by, for example, a separate elastic fixing member. Fig. 5A illustrates an end view of a base station antenna 500 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 5B illustrates a perspective view of a mount 516 of the base station antenna 500 illustrated in fig. 5A. As can be seen from fig. 5A and 5B, in this embodiment, the phase shifter 500 further comprises a resilient fixing member 516 arranged in the phase shifter cavity 511, wherein one end of the resilient fixing member 516 abuts against a side wall (e.g. a middle side wall) of the phase shifter cavity 511 and the other end abuts against the first coupling part (located above the feed network board) such that the first coupling part is pressed tightly against the second coupling part. In this way a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate can be achieved by means of the elastic fixtures 516 within the phase shifter cavity 511. In order to further ensure the reliability of the direct electrical connection, a resilient abutment may be provided on the other side of the feed network plate. Specifically, in the embodiment shown in fig. 5A, the phase shifter 500 further includes an elastic abutment 517 disposed in the phase shifter cavity 511, wherein the elastic abutment 517 is located on a side of the power division circuit facing away from the elastic fixing member 516, and wherein one end of the elastic abutment 517 abuts against a sidewall (e.g., a right side sidewall) of the phase shifter cavity 511 and the other end abuts against the feed network plate, in particular, a power division circuit of the feed network plate.
Here, as shown in fig. 5B, the elastic fixing member 516 may include a spring structure, for example, and may have a certain elasticity, and may further function as a contact. In other words, in order to further ensure a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate, a resilient abutment can also be additionally provided on the side of the feed network remote from the first conductor, thereby further ensuring a reliable direct electrical connection between the first conductor and the feed network plate.
Further, fig. 6 shows an end view of a base station antenna 600 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen from fig. 6, the base station antenna 600 further includes a reflecting plate 640, the radiating element 620 and the phase shifter 610 are respectively located at two sides of the reflecting plate 640, and an avoidance hole is formed on the reflecting plate 640, wherein the radiating element 620 passes through the avoidance hole and is fixed on the phase shifter cavity 611. In this way, the radiating element 620 and the phase shifter 610 are respectively located at both sides of the reflection plate 640, and thus the signal transmission performance of the base station antenna 600 can be ensured. Preferably, a second dielectric element is disposed between the reflector 640 and the phase shifter cavity 611, such that the reflector is coupled to the phase shifter cavity. Here, the phase shifter 620 may be integrally formed with the reflection plate 640.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, the phase shifter cavity 611 includes a top wall, a bottom wall disposed opposite to the top wall, and a side wall between the top wall and the bottom wall, the top wall, the bottom wall, and the side wall enclose the phase shifter cavity 611, and the top wall extends outward to form an extension arm 6111 coupled to a reflection plate. In this manner, the coupling of the phase shifter 610 and the reflective plate 640 can be achieved via the extension arm 6111, thereby ensuring performance of the base station antenna 600 according to the present disclosure. In addition, the phase shifting medium 612 is located between the sidewall and the phase shifting circuit.
Furthermore, as can be seen from fig. 6, the intersection of the top wall and the side walls is provided with a step 6112, wherein the intra-cavity width of the phase shifter cavity 610 at the step 6112 is smaller than the distance between a pair of the side walls. In this way, the resonant frequency of the phase shifter cavity 611 can be increased, thereby ensuring that its resonant frequency does not fall within the operating frequency of the phase shifter 610 or the base station antenna 600 to ensure performance of the base station antenna 600 in accordance with the present disclosure. Preferably, the number of the step portions 6112 is 2, and is located at one end of the side wall near the top wall. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the step 6112 need not be located where the top wall meets the side wall, but may be located where the bottom wall meets the side wall.
Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a radiating element 720 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, in addition to the first conductor described above. As can be seen from fig. 7, the radiating element 720 comprises a radiating arm 721, a first conductor 723. The radiating element 720 may furthermore comprise a second conductor 722 and can for example be fixed to the phase shifter cavity (not shown in the figures), between which second conductor 722 and the phase shifter cavity a first dielectric element (for example the support described above) is arranged, so that the second conductor 722 and the phase shifter cavity are in a contactless coupling connection. In this way it can be ensured that the second conductor 722 can also be connected via the first dielectric element to the phase shifter chamber in a contactless manner. Additionally, the radiating element is fixedly mounted on the phase shifter cavity by a fixing element (e.g. a snap connection or a support 230 as shown in the previous figures), the first dielectric element being configured as the fixing element. The first dielectric element is used for multiplexing the fixing element originally used for fixing the radiation oscillator, so that simplification of parts is realized, assembly is convenient, and the structure is simpler and more reliable.
Preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the second conductor 722 is directly electrically connected to the phase shifter cavity. More preferably, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, the first conductor 723 and the feed network board are directly electrically connected. Here, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the direct electrical connection herein means that the direct contact connection is not performed, but a certain distance is spaced, but the transmission of the electrical signal can be performed by means of electrical coupling. Here, the mode of adopting direct electric connection instead of adopting the phase cable can avoid the defect that the conventional connection of a plurality of phase cables is disordered and easy to make mistakes caused by utilizing the switching of a plurality of phase cables, and solves the technical problem that the phase precision is difficult to control because the dimensional precision of the phase cables is difficult to control.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a connection between a radiating element 820 and a feed network plate 813 according to a further embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen from fig. 8, preferably in the embodiment where the first conductor 823 and the feeding network plate 813 are directly electrically connected, the end of the first conductor 823 facing the phase shifter can for example comprise a spring end having a constant distance from the output end of the power dividing circuit of the feeding network plate 813 (on the side of the feeding network 813 facing the radiating element 820) for directly electrically connecting the first conductor 823 and the feeding network plate 813. In summary, the present disclosure discloses that the first conductor 823 of the radiating element 820 may be directly electrically connected to the output of the feeding network plate 813 with metal elastic features. In particular implementations, the first conductor 823 of the radiating element 820 has elastic characteristics that can be achieved either by the elastic characteristics of the metal itself or by additional features or components, so as to ensure a stable spacing between the first conductor 823 of the radiating element 820 and the output of the feeding network plate 813.
Further, as can be seen from fig. 8, the feed network board 813 comprises a phase shift circuit 8131, a phase compensation circuit 8132 and a power division circuit 8133, the phase compensation circuit 8132 being connected at one end to the first conductor 823 of the radiating element via the power division circuit 8133 and at the other end to the phase shift circuit 8131 of the radiating element. The phase compensation circuit 8132 functions as phase compensation as well as a phase cable, instead of the previous phase cable (coaxial cable). The phase shifting circuit 8131, the power dividing circuit 8133 and the phase compensating circuit 8132 are now integrated directly on one PCB board and then placed in the phase shifter cavity.
The assembly of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure is introduced above in terms of the overall structure by means of fig. 1 to 6, and the specific structure of the respective constituent parts of the base station antenna according to the present disclosure will be described below by means of fig. 7 to 12. Wherein fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of a radiating element 720 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 8 shows a schematic structural view of a connection between a radiating element 820 and a feeding network plate 813 according to yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a phase shifter cavity 911 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 10 shows a schematic structural view of a pull rod 1015 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a phase shifting medium 1112 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a switching element 1217 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.
As can be seen from fig. 7 and 8, the radiating elements 720 and 820 according to the present disclosure include a balun (the middle part of fig. 7) and a radiating arm 721 (four fan-like parts), wherein the radiating arm 721 may be separately provided or integrally formed with the balun, and then pass through a relief hole of a reflecting plate (to be described with reference to fig. 9) to be welded or screwed with a phase shifter cavity 911 of the phase shifter, thereby realizing direct current common ground with the phase shifter and simultaneously solving the lightning strike problem. The first conductor 123 of the radiating oscillator 720 is bound by a plastic dielectric block (which serves the purpose of insulation from the second conductor 722) and is fixed in the cavity of the balun's ground wall, the upper ends of the first conductors 723 of positive and negative polarization are respectively connected into the non-adjacent balun cavities in a crossing way, and the lower ends of the first conductors are electrically connected with corresponding strip lines (namely, the feed network plate 813) in the phase shifter cavity 911 of the phase shifter, so that the transmission of radio frequency signals is realized. As can be seen from fig. 8, the first conductor 723 can be electrically connected to the output 8131 of the feed network plate 813, for example, through a relief hole.
Fig. 9 shows a schematic structural view of a phase shifter cavity 911 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 10 shows a schematic structural view of a pull rod 1015 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. As can be seen from fig. 9 and 10, the top of the phase shifter cavity 911 has three avoiding holes 9111, 9112 and 9113, corresponding to the second conductor ground and the two first conductors of the radiating element connected thereto, respectively. The phase shifter cavity 911 can be formed integrally with the reflector plate or connected to the reflector plate at its top end by means of an insulating layer. In general, the phase shifter cavity 911 and the reflective plate may be integrally formed by metal processing, including metal integral molding, or welding. The phase shifter cavity 911 may also be coupled to the second conductor 722 of the radiating element 720 in the form of a metal oxide layer or an added insulating medium.
In addition, at the lower end in the direction shown in fig. 9, the phase shifter chamber 911 has a pair-wise arranged hook structure, which may have either only inward hooks in a pair-wise configuration or only outward hooks in a pair-wise configuration. At this time, the pull rod 1015 as shown in fig. 10 can be fixed between two oppositely disposed inward hooks or fixedly connected with two oppositely disposed outward hooks, so that the pull rod can move parallel to the phase shifter. In such a way that the tie rod of the phase shifting medium for driving the phase shifter does not need to use an additional fixing member, but the tie rod is caught by means of two oppositely disposed inward hooks provided on the phase shifter cavity 911 or fixedly connected by means of two oppositely disposed outward hooks provided on the phase shifter cavity, thereby enabling the tie rod 1015 to move parallel to the phase shifter for the technical purpose of phase shifting of the phase shifter.
Further, the drive transmission structure will be explained below with the aid of fig. 10, 11 and 12. Wherein fig. 11 shows a schematic structural view of a phase shifting medium 1112 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 12 shows a schematic structural view of a switch element 1217 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, in order to achieve the driving of the phase shift medium by means of the pull rod 1015, the pull rod 1015 shown in fig. 10 has a fixing hole 10151 thereon, and accordingly, a fixing recess 11121 is provided in a corresponding region of the phase shift medium shown in fig. 11, and can then be inserted into the recess 11121 of the phase shift medium 1112 from the fixing hole 10151 of the pull rod 1015 by means of the adapter element 1217 shown in fig. 12. To prevent the adapter 1217 from backing out, outwardly extending tabs 12171 are provided on the adapter 1217, which are elastically deformed inwardly during insertion by the action of the spring arms, and after insertion into the secured position, the tabs 12171 return to the original position, thereby preventing the adapter 1217 from backing out.
In addition, as can be seen from fig. 11, the volume of the phase shifting medium 1112 is as small as possible, for example, the phase shifting medium 1112 of the phase shifter is divided into separate small segments, and through the application of structures such as reinforcing ribs, the phase shifting medium 1112 is fixed on the pull rod 1015 outside the phase shifter cavity of the phase shifter by using the switching element 1217, so that the equivalent DK in the strip line is as close to air as possible, and the practical equivalent DK can be 1.1 to 1.3 times of the DK value of the air. At this time, the phase shifting medium 1112 of the phase shifter is fixed to the pull rod 1015 outside the cavity of the phase shifter through the switching element 1217, so that the pull rod 1015 is pulled by the motor, and the phase shifting medium 1112 of the phase shifter is pulled, so that the phase shifter realizes the phase shifting function. The pull rod 1015 and the adapter element 1217 for the pull rod 1015 are limited by the self-contained clamping feature of the phase shifter cavity formed by the profiles, so that the pull rod 1015 and the adapter element 1217 for the pull rod 1015 are respectively and well restrained, deformation of the pull rod 1015 is avoided, and phase precision of the phase shifter during phase shifting is further ensured. The switch element 1217 for the pull rod 1015 is connected to a motor or a position selector mechanism to effect motor driving, thereby changing the relative position of the phase shifting medium 1112 of the phase shifter and the feed network plate 813, such as a stripline, and thus changing the phase of the base station antenna.
In summary, in the base station antenna according to the present disclosure, the first conductor 123 of the radiating element 120 and the feeding network plate 113 are also directly electrically connected, and no phase cable is used. So that the base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure replaces the phase cable by a direct electrical connection, which simplifies assembly complexity on the one hand and also makes phase shifting accuracy of the base station antenna 100 according to the present disclosure more stable and accurate on the other hand.
Although various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made which will achieve one or more of the advantages of the disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Other components performing the same function may be replaced as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be appreciated that features explained herein with reference to particular figures may be combined with features of other figures, even in those cases where such is not explicitly mentioned. Furthermore, the methods of the present disclosure may be implemented in either all software implementations using appropriate processor instructions or in hybrid implementations utilizing hardware logic and software logic combinations to achieve the same results. Such modifications to the solution according to the present disclosure are intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (21)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310436471.6A CN116247432B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | A base station antenna |
| PCT/CN2024/081703 WO2024217198A1 (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2024-03-14 | Base station antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310436471.6A CN116247432B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | A base station antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116247432A CN116247432A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN116247432B true CN116247432B (en) | 2024-11-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310436471.6A Active CN116247432B (en) | 2023-04-21 | 2023-04-21 | A base station antenna |
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| CN (1) | CN116247432B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024217198A1 (en) |
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| CN116247432B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-11-29 | 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 | A base station antenna |
| US20250239764A1 (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2025-07-24 | Outdoor Wireless Networks LLC | Modular multiband base station antennas having cavity phase shifter assemblies |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1820391A (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2006-08-16 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Card device |
| CN115863986A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-03-28 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Radiation element, phase shifter and antenna device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107146927A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-08 | 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 | Cavity RF Devices |
| SE542018C2 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-02-11 | Cellmax Tech Ab | An antenna arrangement, a radiating element and a method of manufacturing the radiating element |
| WO2021000137A1 (en) * | 2019-06-30 | 2021-01-07 | 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 | Antenna oscillator |
| CN112436244B (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-10-28 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | Cavity type phase shifter |
| CN111525230B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2024-04-26 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Antenna |
| CN111525261B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2024-08-23 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | PCB feed terminal fixing device and antenna |
| CN111600126A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-08-28 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Miniaturized antenna |
| CN111834707B (en) * | 2020-08-12 | 2025-03-21 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Tie rod connection mechanism, phase shifter and antenna |
| CN112803157A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-14 | 摩比天线技术（深圳）有限公司 | Integrated base station antenna |
| CN116247432B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-11-29 | 普罗斯通信技术（苏州）有限公司 | A base station antenna |
-
2023
- 2023-04-21 CN CN202310436471.6A patent/CN116247432B/en active Active
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1820391A (en) * | 2004-05-17 | 2006-08-16 | 株式会社村田制作所 | Card device |
| CN115863986A (en) * | 2023-02-21 | 2023-03-28 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Radiation element, phase shifter and antenna device |
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| WO2024217198A1 (en) | 2024-10-24 |
| CN116247432A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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