CN116349576B

CN116349576B - Seedling substrate

Info

Publication number: CN116349576B
Application number: CN202310366799.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄锡强; 刘石俊; 韦鸣; 肖振海
Original assignee: Guangxi Laibin Xinsan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Laibin Xinsan Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-07
Filing date: 2023-04-07
Publication date: 2025-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2043-04-07
Also published as: CN116349576A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising substrates, and particularly relates to a seedling raising substrate. The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing, by mass, 90-95% of substrate components, 0.5-0.75% of biological microbial inoculum components and the balance of fertilizer components, wherein the substrate components are prepared by mixing vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coconut coir according to a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2, the biological microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing Equilibrium breve and fluopyram, and the fertilizer components are prepared by mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 8:4:3. The seedling substrate provided by the invention consists of three parts, namely a substrate component, a biological microbial inoculum and a fertilizer component, wherein the substrate component can provide an excellent growth environment for crop seedlings, the fertilizer component can provide nutrients for the crop seedlings, and the biological microbial inoculum can effectively defend the influence of the meloidogyne incognita on the crop seedlings, so that the survival and healthy growth of the crop seedlings can be ensured.

Description

Seedling substrate

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticides, and particularly relates to a seedling substrate.

Background

The seedling substrate can be used for seedling raising of crops such as cucumbers, but the seedling raising of the crops such as conventional cucumbers is easily damaged by the meloidogyne incognita. The southern root-knot nematode damages the plant root system structure mainly through invading wounds and forming tumor-shaped root knots, influences the normal metabolic activity of plants, and causes the coincidence of infection of other pathogenic bacteria, so that the plant growth vigor is weakened or even dead, and the yield of crops is reduced or even is dead.

However, many seedling substrates only provide nutrients and normal environment for crop seedlings, and do not have the hazard of preventing meloidogyne incognita. If a proper amount of pesticide components for killing the meloidogyne incognita are added into the seedling raising matrix, the meloidogyne incognita can be prevented and controlled to a certain extent, the survival and normal growth of crop seedlings such as cucumbers are ensured, and the smooth development of seedling raising work is facilitated. In the prior art, the medicines for preventing and controlling the meloidogyne incognita are multiple, such as abamectin, emamectin benzoate, fosthiazate, carbosulfan and the like, but the medicine effect of a single medicine is limited under the conventional dosage due to the accumulation of the medicine resistance of the meloidogyne incognita, so that the use of a compound preparation or a mixed preparation for preventing and controlling the meloidogyne incognita is necessary. At present, no report is known about the compounding of the addition of the Eimeria brevis and the fluopyram in the seedling culture matrix.

The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a seedling substrate which can effectively defend the influence of meloidogyne incognita on crop seedlings, and further can ensure the normal growth of the crop seedlings.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing 90-95% of substrate components, 0.5-0.75% of biological microbial inoculum components and the balance of fertilizer components, wherein the substrate components are prepared by mixing vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coconut coir according to a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2;

the biological agent is prepared by mixing Equilibrium brevifolium and fluopyram;

The fertilizer component is prepared by mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate according to the mass ratio of 8:4:3.

Preferably, the Emamectin benzoate is 300 hundred megaspores/gram of Emamectin benzoate parent drug, and the fluopyram is 41.7% of fluopyram suspending agent by mass fraction.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the Equilibrium brevium to the fluopyram is 1-7:19-1.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the Eimeria brevis to the fluopyram is 1:7.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The seedling substrate provided by the invention consists of three parts, namely a substrate component, a biological microbial inoculum and a fertilizer component, wherein the substrate component can provide an excellent growth environment for crop seedlings, the fertilizer component can provide nutrients for the crop seedlings, and the biological microbial inoculum can effectively defend the influence of the meloidogyne incognita on the crop seedlings, so that the survival and healthy growth of the crop seedlings can be ensured.

(2) The biological microbial inoculum is prepared by mixing the Equilibrium brevium and fluopyram, and the biological microbial inoculum has synergistic effect on the southern root-knot nematodes in a certain mass ratio range during the mixing of the Equilibrium brevium and fluopyram, so that the control effect on the southern root-knot nematodes can be improved.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be apparent from, and is intended to provide a thorough description of, the embodiments of the present invention, and not a complete description of, the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

In the following examples, vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coir are commercially available common seedling substrate materials, and have no special requirements.

EXAMPLE 1 indoor biological Activity of Equipped with Fluopyram

1. Test object southern root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita)

2. Test agent

300 Hundred million spores/gram of Equilibrium mother medicine (Zhenjiang Runyu Biotechnology development Co., ltd., accession number: PD 20130367)

41.7% Fluopyram suspension (Bayer Co., ltd.; accession number: PD 20121664)

Preparing 1000mg/L (mass fraction of the parent drug of the Equilibrium brevicum is 100%) of the effective components of the Equilibrium brevicum and the fluopyram, and then setting a plurality of groups of proportions, wherein each single dose and the proportion mixture are diluted into 5 mass concentration gradients by using a tween-80 aqueous solution with mass fraction of 0.1% for later use.

3. Test methods (reference to NT/Y1833.1-2009 methods for testing nematode dipping in the test for the inhibition of plant pathogenic nematodes by section 1 of nematicide by means of biological assay in pesticide room)

3.1 Picking eggs of the root-knot nematodes from cucumber roots, washing with clear water, placing on wet filter paper of a culture dish, incubating at 25 ℃ to obtain second-instar larvae with consistent instar, eluting the cultured root-knot nematodes with water, filtering, centrifuging at 1000r/min for 2min, discarding supernatant, adding water, centrifuging again, and finally re-suspending the root-knot nematodes to 200 heads/mL with water for later use.

3.2, Sequentially sucking 3mL of liquid medicine from low concentration to high concentration by a pipette, respectively adding the liquid medicine into a test tube, sucking 3mL of prepared equivalent nematode suspension, adding the liquid medicine and the nematode suspension into the test tube, uniformly mixing the liquid medicine and the nematode suspension in equivalent, moving a certain volume of the mixed liquid into a small hole of a 24-hole biochemical test plate by a pipette, capping, culturing for 24 hours at a constant temperature of 25 ℃, and simultaneously setting treatment without the medicament as a blank control.

3.3 Taking 1mL of the mixed solution from each treatment, observing the death condition of the nematodes under an dissecting mirror, recording the number of the bus worms and the number of the dead nematodes for investigation every time the number of the nematodes is repeatedly observed, wherein the judgment standard of the death of the nematodes is that the nematodes are stiff, and the nematodes cannot bend when touched by a hairline needle or a bamboo filament needle. From the survey data, mortality and corrected mortality for each treatment were calculated.

In the formula, the unit of P-mortality is the number of dead insects, K-mortality is the number of total insects, and N-total insects are treated.

In the above, P ₁ - -the corrected mortality, P _t - -the treated mortality, P ₀ - -the blank mortality, in%.

4. And (3) data analysis, namely carrying out regression analysis on the concentration log value of each treatment medicament and the corrected mortality probability value of each treatment by using DPS software, calculating LC ₅₀ of each treatment medicament, and calculating a co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) according to a grand cloud Pei method.

5. Evaluation of drug efficacy

The synergy of the agents was evaluated according to the calculated co-toxicity coefficient (CTC), ctc.ltoreq.80 being antagonism, 80< CTC <120 being additive, ctc.ltoreq.120 being synergy, the results being shown in table 1.

Table 1 indoor biological Activity of Eimeria brevis and Fluopyram in combination against Meloidogyne incorporae

As shown in Table 1, after the active ingredients of Equilibrium brevicum and fluopyram are mixed, the co-toxicity coefficient of the active ingredients of Equilibrium brevicum and fluopyram to the meloidogyne incognita is greater than 120 when the mass ratio is 1:19-1, and the synergistic effect is shown to be most remarkable particularly when the mass ratio is 1:7. In addition, when the mass ratio is 5-7:1, the co-toxicity coefficient of the meloidogyne incognita is more than 80 but less than 120, and the added effect is shown.

Example 2

The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing 94% of substrate components, 0.5% of biological microbial inoculum components and the balance of fertilizer components, wherein the substrate components are prepared by mixing vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coconut coir according to a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2;

The biological agent is prepared by mixing Equilibrium and fluopyram, wherein Equilibrium is 300 hundred megaspores/gram of Equilibrium parent drug, fluopyram is 41.7% of fluopyram suspending agent by mass, and the mass ratio of Equilibrium to fluopyram is 1:7;

Comparative example 1

The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing 94% of substrate components, 0.5% of Equilibrium breve and the balance of fertilizer components, wherein the substrate components are prepared by mixing vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coconut husk according to a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2, equilibrium breve is 300 hundred megaspores/gram of Equilibrium breve parent drug, and the fertilizer components are prepared by mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 8:4:3.

Comparative example 2

The seedling substrate is prepared by mixing 94% of substrate components, 0.5% of fluopyram and the balance of fertilizer components, wherein the substrate components are prepared by mixing vermiculite, perlite, peat soil and coconut coir according to a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2, the fluopyram is a fluopyram suspending agent with a mass fraction of 41.7%, and the fertilizer components are prepared by mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate according to a mass ratio of 8:4:3.

Influence of different seedling substrates on cucumber root knot nematode disease

1. Test seedling

Cucumber seedlings of Zhongnong No. 6, 2-3 true leaf stage.

2. Seedling substrate for test

Seedling substrates of example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2.

3. Test method

3.1 Grafting the meloidogyne incognita into the seedling substrate to be tested, so that the quantity of the meloidogyne incognita in each 100g seedling substrate is 300-350

3.2 The test seedling substrate was placed in plastic pots (7 cm. Times.7 cm), 200 g/pot, and then the test seedlings were transplanted into the plastic pots, 1 plant per pot. 15 replicates were set for each test seedling substrate.

3.3 After culturing for 30d in a conventional manner, the root knot count was measured and the individual root knot count was calculated.

4. Determination method for meloidogyne incognita in soil

Fully and uniformly mixing soil samples, taking 100g, placing the soil samples in a plastic barrel, adding 1000mL of water, stirring with force to disperse soil blocks, allowing upper liquid to pass through a 160-mesh to 400-mesh sieve sequentially after the layers fall for 1min, continuously flushing with water during the period, collecting residues on the 400-mesh sieve, washing with clear water, fixing the volume to 50mL, sucking 1mL in a culture dish, and observing under a microscope. And calculating the individual number of the line insects in each 100 soil.

5. Test results

The results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Effect of different seedling substrates on cucumber root knot nematode disease

Seedling substrate for test	Quantity of matrix nematodes for seedling before transplanting (bars/100 g soil)	Number of root knots of individual plants after 30d
			Example 2	341	37.67
Comparative example 1	329	91.00
			Comparative example 2	334	72.40

As shown in Table 2, compared with the single use of fluopyram or Eimeria brevis, the seedling substrate of the invention can effectively defend the effect of the meloidogyne incognita on the seedlings of crops.

The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention are presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one skilled in the art to make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A seedling substrate, characterized in that, in terms of mass percentage, the seedling substrate is mixed with the following components: 90-95% of a substrate component, 0.5-0.75% of a biological agent component, and the remainder of a fertilizer component; wherein the substrate component is mixed with vermiculite, perlite, peat soil, and coconut bran in a mass ratio of 4:1:1:2;

The biological bacterial agent is prepared by mixing Bacillus brevis and fluopyram;

The fertilizer component is composed of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate mixed in a mass ratio of 8:4:3; wherein the short-stable Bacillus is a short-stable Bacillus mother drug with 30 billion spores/gram; the fluopyram is a fluopyram suspension with a mass fraction of 41.7%; the mass ratio of the short-stable Bacillus to fluopyram is 1-7:19-1.

2. The seedling culture matrix according to claim 1, characterized in that the mass ratio of Bacillus brevis to fluopyram is 1:7.