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CN116381990B - Display module and display device - Google Patents

Display module and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116381990B
CN116381990B CN202310401802.2A CN202310401802A CN116381990B CN 116381990 B CN116381990 B CN 116381990B CN 202310401802 A CN202310401802 A CN 202310401802A CN 116381990 B CN116381990 B CN 116381990B
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China
Prior art keywords
substrate
support column
resistor
sub
display
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Active
Application number
CN202310401802.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN116381990A (en
Inventor
凌安恺
沈柏平
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Xiamen Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310401802.2A priority Critical patent/CN116381990B/en
Publication of CN116381990A publication Critical patent/CN116381990A/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13396—Spacers having different sizes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a display module and a display device, wherein the display module comprises a display panel, and a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely arranged on the display panel; the display panel also comprises a display area and a non-display area, wherein a support column is arranged between the first substrate base plate and the second substrate base plate, the support column comprises a first support column and a second support column, and the height of the first support column is larger than that of the second support column in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate base plate; the first support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area, and the second support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area; the display module further comprises a pressure sensing unit; the pressure sensing unit at least partially overlaps the first support column and/or the second support column in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate lies. According to the invention, the deformation of the first support column and/or the second support column is sensed by the pressure sensing unit to judge the light leakage quantity, and then the gray scale voltage of the sub-pixel is adjusted to compensate the light leakage quantity, so that the light leakage is improved.

Description

Display module and display device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device.
Background
With the development of electronic technology, the manufacturing of display panels has also tended to mature, and display panels provided in the prior art include liquid crystal display panels, organic light emitting display panels, plasma display panels, and the like.
The liquid crystal display panel has the advantages of light weight, low power consumption, low radiation and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of consumer electronics, automobiles, rail buses, aviation defense and the like. The liquid crystal display panel generally comprises a color film substrate, an array substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the color film substrate and the array substrate are oppositely arranged, the liquid crystal layer and the black matrix are arranged on one side, close to the array substrate, of the color film substrate, the liquid crystal molecules can deflect through an electric field between a pixel electrode and a common electrode in the display panel, light rays generated by a backlight assembly after the liquid crystal molecules deflect can permeate the display panel, the liquid crystal molecules can deflect to different degrees through adjusting the size of the electric field, the light transmittance of the display panel is different when the liquid crystal molecules deflect to different degrees, and the light quantity of the backlight assembly penetrating the liquid crystal display panel is different, so that the display of images is realized.
Of course, the requirements of customer experience are improved, including special requirements of special applications, and higher requirements are put on display quality, for example, a vehicle-mounted display screen and an in-flight-cabin display screen have higher requirements on black or low-gray-scale brightness uniformity. When the vehicle-mounted display displays map information, the brightness of the black background is required to be consistent; in the same way, the display screen in the aviation cockpit has more severe requirements on black background brightness, mainly because the airborne display works in a low gray scale state most of the time so as to display information such as the attitude speed of the airplane, and if the information appears uneven display, the pilot cannot accurately judge. However, in the related art, the liquid crystal box is easy to generate friction force and the friction force is larger, so that stress phase difference of the glass substrate is caused, dark state light leakage is generated, and display is affected.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a display module and a display device capable of determining the amount of light leakage and improving the light leakage.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a display module and a display device for determining the amount of light leakage of the display module and improving the light leakage.
In one aspect, the invention discloses a display module, which comprises a display panel, wherein a first substrate and a second substrate are oppositely arranged on the display panel, and the first substrate is positioned on one side of the second substrate close to a light emitting surface of the display module; the display panel also comprises a display area and a non-display area at least partially surrounding the display area, wherein a support column is arranged between the first substrate base plate and the second substrate base plate, the support column comprises a first support column and a second support column, and the height of the first support column is larger than that of the second support column in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate base plate; the first support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area, and the second support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area;
the display module further comprises a pressure sensing unit;
The pressure sensing unit at least partially overlaps the first support column and/or the second support column in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate lies.
On the other hand, the invention also discloses a display device which comprises the display module.
Compared with the prior art, the display module and the display device provided by the invention have the advantages that at least the following effects are realized:
The display module of the invention comprises a display panel, a first substrate base plate and a second substrate base plate which are oppositely arranged on the display panel, the first substrate is positioned at one side of the second substrate, which is close to the light emitting surface of the display module; the method comprises the steps that a support column is arranged between a first substrate base plate and a second substrate base plate, the support column comprises a first support column and a second support column, and the height of the first support column is larger than that of the second support column in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate base plate; the first support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area, and the second support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area; the display module further comprises a pressure sensing unit; in the direction vertical to the plane of the first substrate, the pressure sensing unit is at least partially overlapped with the first support column and/or the second support column, friction stress is generated when friction occurs in a liquid crystal box of the display panel, phase difference is generated when light passes through the first substrate and the second substrate, and a more obvious light leakage phenomenon occurs in a black state, when friction stress acts on the first support column and/or the second support column, the pressure sensing unit can sense the friction stress and convert the friction stress into an electric signal, then the compression ratio of the first support column and/or the second support column is calculated, the phase difference between the first substrate and the second substrate is calculated through the compression ratio, the light leakage quantity is obtained, and gray scale voltage compensation can be carried out on the display panel according to the light leakage quantity.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product embodying the invention to achieve all of the technical effects described above at the same time.
Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display module according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a display module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of another display module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A' in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of another display module according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of another display module according to the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of another display module according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of another display module according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B' in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C' in FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged partial view of region M of FIG. 8;
fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a display device according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken in the direction G-G' of fig. 12.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Referring to fig. 1,3 and 4, fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a display module provided by the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of a display module provided by the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of a display module provided by the present invention, fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A' in fig. 1, a display module 100 of this embodiment includes a display panel 101, a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 opposite to the display panel 101, where the first substrate 1 is located on a side of the second substrate 2 close to a light-emitting surface K1 of the display module 100; the display panel 101 further includes a display area AA and a non-display area BB at least partially surrounding the display area AA, including a support column 3 between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, the support column 3 including a first support column 31 and a second support column 32, the first support column 31 having a height greater than a height of the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate 1 is located; the first support column 31 is located in the display area AA and/or the non-display area BB, and the second support column 32 is located in the display area AA and/or the non-display area BB; the display module 100 further includes a pressure sensing unit 4; the pressure sensing cells 4 at least partially overlap the first support columns 31 and/or the second support columns 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 lies.
Specifically, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 disposed opposite to each other in the display panel 101 may be rigid substrates, such as glass, but may also be flexible materials, such as PI (polyimide), where the first substrate 1 is located on a side of the second substrate 2 close to the light-emitting surface K1 of the display module 100, that is, the first substrate 1 is closer to the light-emitting surface K1 of the display module 100. Alternatively, the display panel 101 includes a first substrate 700 and a second substrate 800, and liquid crystal molecules sandwiched between the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800, the first substrate 700 may be a color film substrate, the second substrate 800 may be an array substrate, the first substrate 700 includes the first substrate 1, the second substrate 800 includes the second substrate 2, and no pattern filling is performed on the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 in fig. 4. Of course, the display panel 101 further includes a plurality of scan lines (not shown) extending in the first direction X and arranged in the second direction Y, and a plurality of data lines (not shown) extending in the second direction Y and arranged in the first direction X, where the scan lines and the data lines intersect to define a sub-pixel region. Optionally, the side of the second substrate 2 close to the first substrate 1 includes an array layer 9, the array layer 9 includes a transistor (not shown in the figure), the side of the first substrate 1 close to the second substrate 2 includes a color film layer 5, and of course, the color film layer 5 may include a plurality of black matrixes BM, color resistors are disposed between the black matrixes BM, and light emitted from the light beam after passing through the color film layer 5 is color light, and optionally, the black matrixes BM may be first manufactured in the process, the opening positions of the sub-pixels are reserved, and then the color resistors are made; alternatively, the color resistors arranged at intervals may be fabricated, and then the black matrix BM may be fabricated in the interval between the color resistors, which is not limited to the process sequence for fabricating the color film layer 5. The array layer 9 further comprises a second electrode on a side far away from the second substrate 2, the second electrode may be a common electrode 8, the second electrode on a side far away from the second substrate 2 comprises a first electrode, the first electrode may be a pixel electrode 7, liquid crystal molecules are sandwiched between the color film layer 5 and the first electrode, the liquid crystal molecules are not filled in a pattern in fig. 4, optionally, the common electrode 8 may also be located on a side far away from the second substrate 2, where the pixel electrode 7 is far away from the second substrate 2, the electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode can deflect the liquid crystal molecules, and when the degrees of deflection of the liquid crystal molecules are different, the light transmittance of the display panel 101 is different, and the alignment film 6, particularly the alignment film 61 located in the first substrate 700 and the alignment film 62 located in the second substrate 800 are also shown in fig. 4. Alternatively, the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800 are sealed by the sealant 10 in the non-display region BB to form a receiving space, and the receiving space is filled with liquid crystal molecules.
The display panel 101 further includes a display area AA and a non-display area BB at least partially surrounding the display area AA, and the non-display area BB is only shown in fig. 1 and 3 as an example of the non-display area BB being disposed around the display area AA.
Between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, there are a plurality of support columns 3 distributed between the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800, one end of each support column 3 is fixed on the first substrate 700, the other end faces the second substrate 800, or one end of each support column is fixed on the second substrate 800, the other end faces the first substrate 700, not shown in the figure, the distribution position can be precisely controlled, the support columns 3 function to support the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800, the thickness uniformity of the whole display panel 101 is improved, two types of support columns 3 are provided in the display panel 101, one type is a first support column 31, namely a main support column 3, and the other type is a second support column 32, namely an auxiliary support column 3, the heights of the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 are different, the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 are filled with different patterns in fig. 1 to distinguish the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 in a plan view, and the materials of the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 can be the same, of course, not particularly limited here. The height of the first support columns 31 is greater than the height of the second support columns 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, wherein the first support columns 31 are used for supporting the cell thickness of the liquid crystal cell and the second support columns 32 are used for auxiliary support. The first support columns 31 are located in the display area AA and/or the non-display area BB, the second support columns 32 are located in the display area AA and/or the non-display area BB, that is, the first support columns 31 may be located in the display area AA, the non-display area BB, the non-display area AA, the non-display area BB, the second support columns 32 may be located in the display area AA, the non-display area BB, and the non-display area AA. In fig. 1 and 3, only the first support columns 31 are distributed in the display area AA and the non-display area BB, and the second support columns 32 are distributed in the display area AA and the non-display area BB are schematically illustrated. Fig. 2 only schematically illustrates that the first support columns 31 are located in the display area AA and the non-display area BB, and the second support columns 32 are located in the display area AA.
Optionally, the first support columns 31 and the second support columns 32 overlap the black matrix BM in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, so that the first support columns 31 and the second support columns 32 do not overlap the openings of the sub-pixels, and the opening ratio of the sub-pixels is ensured to be free from loss. The shape and number of the first support columns 31 and the second support columns 32 in fig. 1 to 3 are only schematically illustrated, and are not limiting in actual products.
The display module 100 of the present invention further includes a pressure sensing unit 4, where the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and in fig. 1, the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and in fig. 2, the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the first support column 31 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and in addition, the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, which is not shown in the drawing. In order to clearly show the positional relationship between the pressure sensing unit 4 and the support column 3, the area of the pressure sensing unit 4 in fig. 1 and 2 is larger than the area of the support column 3, and the size of the area of the pressure sensing unit 4 is not limited in the present invention.
It can be understood that the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 are used for supporting the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, so that when the distance between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is relatively fixed, friction stress is generated when friction occurs in the liquid crystal box of the display panel 101, phase difference occurs when light passes through the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, especially in a black state, a relatively obvious light leakage phenomenon occurs, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, when friction stress acts on the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, the pressure sensing unit 4 can sense the magnitude of the friction stress, convert the friction stress into an electric signal, calculate the compression ratio of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, calculate the compression ratio of the first support column 31 and the second support column 32, calculate the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 according to the compression ratio, and compensate the gray scale display panel 101 with a small light leakage amount.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3 and reference to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of another display module provided by the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of another display module provided by the present invention. The first support column 31 includes a first sub-support column 311 located in the non-display area BB and a second sub-support column 312 located in the display area AA; at least part of the first sub-support columns 311 at least partially overlap the pressure-sensitive unit 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 is located; and/or, at least part of the second sub-support columns 312 at least partially overlap the pressure-sensing cells 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 lies.
In fig. 5, the pressure-sensitive unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 located in the non-display area BB in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and in fig. 6, the pressure-sensitive unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the second sub-supporting columns 312 located in the display area AA in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and in fig. 3, the pressure-sensitive unit 4 overlaps with both a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 located in the non-display area BB and a portion of the second sub-supporting columns 312 located in the display area AA in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1.
The pressure sensing unit 4 may be disposed in the display area AA or the non-display area BB, and at least part of the first sub-supporting columns 311 at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing unit 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1; and/or, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, at least part of the second sub-support columns 312 at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing units 4, when a friction stress acts on the first sub-support columns 311 and/or the second sub-support columns 312, the pressure sensing units 4 can sense the magnitude of the friction stress and convert the magnitude of the friction stress into an electric signal through the first sub-support columns 311 and/or the second sub-support columns 312, then the compression ratio of the first sub-support columns 311 and/or the second sub-support columns 312 is calculated, the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is calculated through the compression ratio, the light leakage quantity is obtained, and gray scale voltage compensation can be performed on the display panel 101 according to the magnitude of the light leakage quantity.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3 and 5, the non-display area BB includes a left bezel BB1 and a right bezel BB2 disposed opposite in the first direction X, and further includes an upper bezel BB3 and a lower bezel BB4 disposed opposite in the second direction Y;
the pressure sensing unit 4 is located in at least one of the left frame BB1, the right frame BB2, and the upper frame BB 3.
In fig. 3 and 5, the partial pressure sensing unit 4 is located in the display area AA, the partial pressure sensing unit 4 is located in the non-display area BB, and when located in the non-display area BB, the pressure sensing unit 4 is located in the left frame BB1, the right frame BB2, and the upper frame BB3, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the left frame BB1, with a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the right frame BB2, and with a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the upper frame BB 3. Of course, the pressure sensing unit 4 may be located only in the left frame BB1, only in the right frame BB2, or only in the upper frame BB3 in the non-display area BB, and when the pressure sensing unit 4 is located in the left frame BB1 of the non-display area BB, the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the left frame BB1 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate 1 is located; when the pressure sensing unit 4 is located on the right frame BB2 of the non-display area BB, in a direction perpendicular to the plane on which the first substrate 1 is located, the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the right frame BB 2; when the pressure sensing unit 4 is located on the upper frame BB3 of the non-display area BB, the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps a portion of the first sub-supporting columns 311 in the upper frame BB3 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1.
It will be appreciated that, in general, a large number of signal lines, such as fanout lines, are disposed in the lower frame BB4 of the display panel 101, and a planarization layer is required to planarize the metal layer after the fanout lines are disposed, so that the planarized thickness of the lower frame BB4 is greater than the thickness of other regions of the display panel 101 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and therefore, the first support columns 31 are not disposed in the regions, and since the height of the first support columns 31 is high, the thickness of the lower frame BB4 is increased, which causes a problem that the thickness of the lower frame BB4 is not uniform with the thickness of other regions, and if the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps the first sub support columns 311 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the pressure sensing unit 4 is disposed in the upper frame BB3, the left frame BB1 and/or the right frame BB2, and the thickness of the lower frame BB4 is not increased while the friction stress is sensed.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, and reference to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of still another display module provided in the present invention, where the second support column 32 includes a third sub-support column 321 located in the non-display area BB and a fourth sub-support column 322 located in the display area AA; at least part of the third sub-support columns 321 at least partially overlap with the pressure-sensing cells 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 is located; and/or at least part of the fourth sub-support columns 322 at least partially overlap the pressure sensing cells 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 lies.
In fig. 1, the pressure-sensitive unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the third sub-supporting column 321 located in the non-display area BB in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, while the pressure-sensitive unit 4 also overlaps with a portion of the fourth sub-supporting column 322 located in the display area AA, and in fig. 3, the pressure-sensitive unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the third sub-supporting column 321 located in the non-display area BB in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1; in fig. 7, the pressure sensing unit 4 overlaps with a portion of the fourth sub-supporting column 322 located in the display area AA in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1.
The pressure sensing unit 4 may be disposed in the display area AA or the non-display area BB, and at least part of the third sub-supporting columns 321 at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing unit 4 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1; and/or, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, at least part of the fourth sub-support column 322 overlaps with the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially, when a frictional stress acts on the third sub-support column 321 and/or the fourth sub-support column 322, the magnitude of the frictional stress can be sensed by the third sub-support column 321 and/or the fourth sub-support column 322 and then converted into an electrical signal by the pressure sensing unit 4, then the compression ratio of the third sub-support column 321 and/or the fourth sub-support column 322 is calculated, and then the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is calculated by the compression ratio, so as to obtain the light leakage amount, and gray scale voltage compensation can be performed on the display panel 101 according to the magnitude of the light leakage amount.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 3, the non-display area BB includes an upper bezel BB3 and a lower bezel BB4 disposed opposite along the second direction Y; the pressure sensing unit 4 is located at the lower frame BB4.
As described above, in the lower frame BB4 of the display panel 101, a large number of signal lines, such as fanout lines, are usually provided, and a planarization layer is required to planarize the metal layer after the fanout lines are provided, so that the planarized thickness in the lower frame BB4 is larger than the planarized thickness in other regions of the display panel 101 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and therefore the second support columns 32 are usually provided in the lower frame BB4, because the height of the second support columns 32 is smaller than the height of the first support columns 31, and thus the entire thickness of the lower frame BB4 is not larger than the thickness of other regions, in this embodiment, if the pressure sensing unit 4 is provided in the lower frame BB4, the pressure sensing unit 4 at least partially overlaps the third sub support columns 321 in the lower frame BB4 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, and the friction stress is sensed without increasing the thickness of the lower frame BB 4.
In some alternative embodiments, referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of still another display module provided by the present invention, where the pressure sensing unit 4 includes a pressure sensor 11, and the pressure sensor 11 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4; the first end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the second resistor R2 are electrically connected through a first connecting wire 12 and electrically connected with a first power input signal wire 13, the second end of the first resistor R1 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4 are both electrically connected with a first sensing signal output signal wire 14, the second end of the fourth resistor R4 and the first end of the third resistor R3 are electrically connected through a second connecting wire 15 and electrically connected with a second power input signal wire 16, and the second end of the second resistor R2 and the second end of the third resistor R3 are electrically connected with a second sensing signal output signal wire 17;
The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and/or the fourth resistor R4 at least partially overlap the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1.
Specifically, fig. 8 is only schematically illustrated by taking an example in which the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate base plate 1 is located. Of course, fig. 8 is only a schematic illustration of three pressure sensors, and the number and positions of the pressure sensors are not particularly limited herein. Alternatively, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 may overlap the support columns 3 of the non-display area BB or overlap the support columns 3 of the display area AA, which is not particularly limited herein. The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 in the present invention are all variable resistors.
In some alternative embodiments, the first resistor R1, or the second resistor R2, or the third resistor R3, or the fourth resistor R4 partially overlaps the first support column 31 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate 1 lies. In some alternative embodiments, the first resistor R1, or the second resistor R2, or the third resistor R3, or the fourth resistor R4 partially overlaps the second support columns 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate 1 lies. In some alternative embodiments, any two of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap the first support column 31, respectively, and/or any two of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap the second support column 32, respectively, in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate 1 is located. In some alternative embodiments, any three of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap the first support column 31 and/or any three of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap the second support column 32 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first substrate 1 is located. Not shown in the figures.
The present embodiment is schematically illustrated by taking an example in which the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are partially overlapped with the first support column 31 and the second support column 32 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, specifically, the first power input signal line 13 inputs a positive voltage, the second power input signal line 16 inputs a negative voltage, the current is transmitted from the first power input signal line 13 to the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 and then transmitted to the second power input signal line 16, and the circuit is transmitted from the first power input signal line 13 to the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 and then transmitted to the second power input signal line 16, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are connected in series, and then connected in parallel, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 are divided, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are divided. When a friction stress occurs in the display panel 101, the friction stress acts on the pressure sensor 11, and a portion of the friction stress acts on the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 through the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, resulting in a change in resistance values of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4, and a decrease in the optional first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4, so that partial pressures of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 change, and the first sensing signal output signal line 14 and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 output different voltages, thereby detecting the friction stress.
Optionally, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the principle that one, two or three of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 partially overlap with the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 is similar to the present embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
In the present embodiment, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate 1, the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and/or the fourth resistor R4 at least partially overlap the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, and the frictional stress applied to the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 causes the partial pressure of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and/or the fourth resistor R4 to be different, so as to detect and calculate the magnitude of the frictional stress.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 8, the first resistor R1, the third resistor R3 are N-type polysilicon semiconductors, and the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4 are P-type polysilicon semiconductors; or the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are P-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductors, and the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4 are N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductors.
In fig. 8, the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are filled with the same pattern, so as to indicate that the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are both N-type polysilicon semiconductors, or the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3 are both P-type polysilicon semiconductors; the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4 in fig. 8 are filled with the same pattern, so that it is shown that the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4 are P-type polysilicon semiconductors, or the second resistor R2 and the fourth resistor R4 are N-type polysilicon semiconductors.
In the invention, current is transmitted from the first power input signal line 13 to the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 and then to the second power input signal line 16, meanwhile, the circuit is transmitted from the first power input signal line 13 to the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 and then to the second power input signal line 16, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 are connected in series, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 are connected in series and then in parallel, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 divide voltage, and the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 divide voltage. The first resistor R1 is an N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, the fourth resistor R4 is a P-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 form an N-P combined bridge, the second resistor R2 is an N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, the third resistor R3 is a P-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 form an N-P combined bridge, the N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor and the P-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductor have opposite stress (change) sensitivity coefficients, and the N-type polycrystalline silicon and the P-type polycrystalline silicon have the same resistance temperature coefficient through proper doping, so that the magnitude of friction stress is easier to detect and calculate.
In some alternative embodiments, the first resistor R1 is a P-type polysilicon semiconductor, the fourth resistor R4 is an N-type polysilicon semiconductor, the first resistor R1 and the fourth resistor R4 also form an N-P combination bridge, the second resistor R2 is a P-type polysilicon semiconductor, the third resistor R3 is an N-type polysilicon semiconductor, the second resistor R2 and the third resistor R3 also form an N-P combination bridge, the N-type polysilicon semiconductor and the P-type polysilicon semiconductor have opposite stress (transformation) sensitivity coefficients, and the N-type polysilicon and the P-type polysilicon have the same resistance temperature coefficient through proper doping, so that the magnitude of the friction stress is easier to detect and calculate.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 8 and reference to fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction B-B 'in fig. 8, fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction C-C' in fig. 8, the side of the second substrate 2 adjacent to the first substrate 1 further includes a first metal layer 18, a second metal layer 19 located on the side of the first metal layer 18 adjacent to the first substrate 1, a third metal layer 20 located on the side of the second metal layer 19 adjacent to the first substrate 1, scan lines G in the display panel 101 are located on the first metal layer 18, and data lines S in the display panel 101 are located on the second metal layer 19;
the first connecting line 12 and the second connecting line 15 are positioned on the first metal layer 18;
The first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are located at the third metal layer 20.
Specifically, the positions B-B 'in fig. 9 and the positions C-C' in fig. 10 cannot be sectioned on the transistor TFT, the transistor TFT in fig. 9 and 10 is only a schematic illustration of the arrangement film layer of the transistor, the array layer 9 of the display panel 101 includes the transistor TFT, the transistor TFT drives the pixel electrode, the gate electrode of the transistor TFT is located at the first metal layer 18, the source electrode of the transistor TFT is located at the second metal layer 19, the scan line G in the display panel 101 is located at the first metal layer 18, the data line S in the display panel 101 is located at the second metal layer 19, and the number of the scan line G and the data line S in fig. 8 is only schematic illustration. Also shown in fig. 8 is a driver chip located in the lower frame BB4, and the first power input signal line 13, the first sense signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sense signal output signal line 17 are all electrically connected to the driver chip, and voltage signals input by the first power input signal line 13 and the second power input signal line 16 are all provided by the driver chip, and voltage signals output by the second sense signal output signal line 17 and the second sense signal output signal line 17 are transmitted to the driver chip.
It is understood that the scan line G extends along the first direction X, the data line S extends along the second direction Y, the scan line G is located on the first metal layer 18, and the data line S is located on the second metal layer 19. In fig. 8, the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 extend along the first direction X, and fig. 9 and 10 show that the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 are located on the first metal layer 18, and of course, in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the display panel 101, fig. 8 shows that the first connection line 12 does not overlap with the scan line G, the second connection line 15 does not overlap with the scan line G, and it is possible to avoid the first connection line 12 and the scan line G from being connected in series to affect the display, and it is also possible to avoid the second connection line 15 and the scan line G from being connected in series to affect the display.
The first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 each extend in the second direction Y, and the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are shown in fig. 9 and 10 to be located in the third metal layer 20. The data lines S are located in the second metal layer 19, and the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, the second sensing signal output signal line 17 and the data lines S are distributed in different metal layers, so that signal crosstalk can be avoided, the number of wires in the second metal layer 19 is not increased, and the metal wires are usually located in a non-opening area of the sub-pixel, so that the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16 and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are arranged in the third metal layer 20, the number of wires in the second metal layer 19 is not increased, and the aperture ratio of the sub-pixel is not reduced.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 8 and reference to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view of the area M of fig. 8, the display area AA includes a plurality of sub-pixels PX, the plurality of sub-pixels PX forming a sub-pixel row 22 along the first direction X, and the plurality of sub-pixels PX forming a sub-pixel column 23 along the second direction Y; the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 are located between adjacent sub-pixel rows 22; the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are located between adjacent sub-pixel columns 23.
Specifically, the number of sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel row 22 in the first direction X is not limited to the actual product, and the number of sub-pixels PX in the sub-pixel column 23 in the second direction Y is not limited to the actual product. The distance between the adjacent sub-pixels PX in the first direction X and the distance between the adjacent sub-pixels PX in the second direction Y are only schematically illustrated. It will be appreciated that there is typically a black matrix (not shown) between the openings of the sub-pixels PX. In fig. 11, only one variable resistor (the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, or the fourth resistor R4) is taken as an example corresponding to two sub-pixels PX, but one variable resistor may also correspond to one sub-pixel PX, and the specific limitation is not herein made, that is, one support column 3 may be disposed at a black matrix (not shown) position corresponding to two sub-pixels PX, or one support column 3 may be disposed at a black matrix position corresponding to one sub-pixel PX, which is not particularly limited herein. In fig. 11, only one row of sub-pixels 22 is provided between the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15, one column of sub-pixels 23 is provided between the first sensing signal output line and the first power input signal line 13, and one column of sub-pixels 23 is provided between the second sensing signal output line and the second power input signal line 16. The number of the sub-pixel rows 22 between the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 is not particularly limited, the number of the sub-pixel columns 23 between the first sensing signal output line and the first power input signal line 13 is not particularly limited, and the number of the sub-pixel columns 23 between the second sensing signal output line and the second power input signal line 16 is not particularly limited. In fig. 11, there is no sub-pixel column 23 between the first power input signal line 13 and the second power input signal line 16, but it is also possible to have one, two or more sub-pixel columns 23 between the first power input signal line 13 and the second power input signal line 16.
In this embodiment, the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 extend along the first direction X, and the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 are disposed between the adjacent sub-pixel rows 22, so that the openings of the sub-pixels are not occupied on one hand, the opening ratio is improved, and on the other hand, the first connection line 12 and the second connection line 15 are blocked by the black matrix, and are not visible from the light-emitting surface K1 of the display module 100. Similarly, the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 extend in the second direction Y, and the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are disposed between adjacent sub-pixel columns 23, so that on one hand, the apertures of the sub-pixels are not occupied and the aperture ratio is improved, and on the other hand, the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16, and the second sensing signal output signal line 17 are shielded by the black matrix and are not seen from the light-emitting surface K1 of the display module 100.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 7, the display panel 101 further includes a touch trace 21, the touch trace 21 including a first touch trace 211, the first touch trace 211 multiplexed into a first power input signal line 13, a first sense signal output signal line 14, a second power input signal line 16, and a second sense signal output signal line 17.
Specifically, for the display panel 101 with a touch function, the touch trace 21 is further electrically connected with the common electrode 8, the common electrode 8 is multiplexed in a time-sharing manner, and in the display stage, the common electrode 8 inputs a common voltage, so that only a part of the touch trace 21 in the display panel 101 is multiplexed as the first touch trace 211, and the rest of the second touch trace 212 is still used only as the touch trace.
It will be appreciated that in the touch phase, a touch signal is input to the common electrode 8 through the touch trace 21. In the present invention, a portion of the touch trace 21, that is, the first touch trace 211 is multiplexed into the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16 and the second sensing signal output signal line 17, so that no additional signal line is required to be provided as the first touch trace 211 to be multiplexed into the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16 and the second sensing signal output signal line 17, which can reduce difficulty in manufacturing process, and can detect friction stress while realizing touch.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 7, the display module 100 includes a touch stage and a pressure sensing stage, and the touch signal and the pressure sensing signal in the first touch trace 211 are sent in a time-sharing manner.
As described above, the first touch trace 211 is multiplexed into the first power input signal line 13, the first sensing signal output signal line 14, the second power input signal line 16 and the second sensing signal output signal line 17, so that in order to enable the first touch trace 211 to transmit both the touch signal to implement touch detection and the pressure sensing signal to implement detection of friction stress, the touch signal and the pressure sensing signal in the first touch trace 211 are transmitted in a time-sharing manner, in the touch stage, the first touch trace 211 transmits the touch signal, in the pressure sensing stage, the first touch trace 211 as the first power input signal line 13 transmits the first power supply voltage, the first touch trace 211 as the first sensing signal output signal line 14 transmits the first sensing voltage, the first touch trace 211 as the second power input signal line 16 transmits the second power supply voltage, and the first touch trace 211 as the second sensing signal output signal line 17 transmits the second sensing voltage.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 9 and 10, the second substrate 2 further comprises an active layer 24 on the side of the second substrate 1 adjacent to the first substrate, and the pressure sensing element 4 is co-layer with the active layer 24.
Specifically, the transistor TFT in the display panel 101 further includes the active layer 24, the material of the active layer 24 may be polysilicon, the pressure sensing unit 4 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4, and the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 are in the same layer as the active layer 24, and since the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fourth resistor R4 may be made of polysilicon, and may be manufactured simultaneously with the active layer 24, the manufacturing process is simplified, and in addition, no film layer is required to be separately provided to set the pressure sensing unit 4, so that the thickness of the display module 100 is not increased.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 1,3, 8, 9, 10 and 11, the display area AA includes a plurality of sub-pixels, the display module 100 further includes a control unit 50, the control unit 50 obtains the compression ratio of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 according to the pressure change of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 in the black state of the display panel 101, the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is obtained by calculating the compression ratio of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, the light leakage amount of the display panel 101 is obtained, and the gray scale voltage of the sub-pixel is adjusted to compensate the light leakage amount.
Specifically, the control unit 50 may be disposed in the driving chip, where the control unit 50 is configured to adjust the power supply, and convert the frictional stress sensed by the pressure sensing unit 4 into the transmittance of the display panel 101, that is, the amount of light leakage in the black state. It can be understood that when the display panel 101 is subjected to the friction stress, the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 acts on the pressure sensing unit 4, the pressure sensing unit 4 converts the friction stress into a voltage signal and transmits the voltage signal to the control unit 50, the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 deform under the action of the friction stress, that is, generate compression, the control unit 50 calculates the compression rate of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 according to the friction stress sensed by the pressure sensing unit 4, the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 have a phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 after the compression occurs, and the transmittance of the display panel 101 can be calculated after the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is obtained, at this time, the transmittance of the display panel 101 is the light leakage amount of the display panel 101 in the black state, and the gray scale voltage of the sub-pixel can be adjusted to compensate the amount, thereby improving the uniformity of the black state of the display module 100 due to the friction stress.
According to the invention, the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 act on the pressure sensing unit 4, the pressure sensing unit 4 senses the magnitude of friction stress and converts the friction stress into an electric signal, then the compression rate of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 is calculated, the phase difference between the first substrate base plate 1 and the second substrate base plate 2 is calculated through the compression rate, the light leakage quantity is obtained, and gray-scale voltage compensation can be performed on the display panel 101 according to the magnitude of the light leakage quantity.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 4, 8, 9, and 10, the amount of light leakage is obtained according to the following method: t=1/2×sin 2(2ψ(V))×sin2 (pi R/λ), the display panel 101 further includes a first substrate 700 and a second substrate 800, the first substrate 700 includes a first substrate 1, the second substrate 800 includes a second substrate 2, the display panel 101 further includes liquid crystal molecules interposed between the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800, where R is a phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, ψ (V) is a deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules, and T is a light transmittance of the display panel 101.
In the present invention, the first substrate 700 may be a color film substrate, the second substrate 800 may be an array substrate, the first substrate 700 includes a first substrate 1, the second substrate 800 includes a second substrate 2, and the liquid crystal molecules are sandwiched between the first substrate 700 and the second substrate 800, when the electric field between the pixel electrode 7 and the common electrode 8 in the second substrate 800 drives the liquid crystal molecules to deflect, light is emitted from one side of the first substrate 1 through the liquid crystal molecules, at this time, light leakage in a black state is caused, the deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules and the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 determine the light transmittance, that is, determine the light transmittance in the black state, and of course, only the deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules determines the light transmittance when there is no phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, because the liquid crystal cell and the friction stress will generate, and the deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules and the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 determine the light transmittance (light transmittance) in the black state. After the control unit 50 obtains the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2, the light transmittance of the display panel 101 can be calculated according to t=1/2×sin 2(2ψ(V))×sin2 (pi R/λ), where the light transmittance is, of course, the light leakage amount of the display panel 101 in the black state, the gray scale voltage can be calculated according to the light transmittance of the display panel 101, and the gray scale voltage of the sub-pixel compensates the light leakage amount.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 4, 8, 9 and 10, the phase difference R of the first and second substrate substrates 1,2 is obtained according to the following method:
R＝S×t×Δσ，
Where S is the photoelastic coefficient of the first substrate 1, the photoelastic coefficients of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are equal, t is the thickness of the first substrate 1, the thickness of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are equal, and Δσ is the friction stress between the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 and the second substrate 800.
Specifically, the deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules and the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 determine the transmittance, wherein the deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules is irrelevant to the friction stress, and the phase difference between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 is relevant to the friction stress generated in the liquid crystal box, when the friction stress is generated, the phase difference is generated between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 by acting on the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, specifically, the phase difference R between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 can be calculated according to r=sχt×Δσ.
In some alternative embodiments, with continued reference to fig. 4, 8, 9, and 10, the frictional stress Δσ between the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 and the second substrate 800 is obtained according to the following method:
wherein,
The second substrate 800 includes an alignment film 6 on a side close to the liquid crystal molecules, μ is a friction coefficient between the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 and the alignment film 6, N is a contact area of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32 and the second substrate 800,For the compressibility of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32, K is the coefficient of elasticity of the first support column 31 and/or the second support column 32.
It will be appreciated that the side of the second substrate 800 near the liquid crystal molecules includes an alignment film 6, where the alignment film 6 refers to the second alignment film 62 on the second substrate 800, and of course, the side of the first substrate 700 also includes a first alignment film 61, typically the support columns 3 are disposed on the first substrate 700, the support columns 3 typically rub against the alignment film 6 of the second substrate 800, after rubbing, the first support columns 31 and/or the second support columns 32 are subjected to friction stress, so that the first support columns 31 and/or the second support columns 32 deform and compress, and the pressure sensing unit 4 detects the pressure according to the resistance change after compression and converts the pressure into the compression ratio of the first support columns 31 and/or the second support columns 32The invention is realized by The friction stress can be calculated, and after the friction stress is obtained, the phase difference R between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 can be calculated, so that the light transmittance of the display panel 101 is obtained, the gray scale voltage is adjusted according to the light transmittance to compensate the light leakage, and the uniformity of the display module 100 in the black state is improved.
The invention also provides a display device, referring to fig. 12 and 13, fig. 12 is a schematic plan view of a display device provided by the invention, fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view in a direction G-G' in fig. 12, the display device 1000 includes a display module 100, and further includes a backlight module 200 located at a side of the display module 100 away from a light emitting surface K1 of the display module, the backlight module 200 provides backlight for the display module 100, and the embodiments of fig. 12 and 12 only take a vehicle-mounted display device as an example to illustrate the display device. The display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects of the display module 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the specific description of the display module 100 in the above embodiments may be referred to in detail, and the description of the embodiment is omitted herein.
According to the embodiment, the display module and the display device provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
The display module of the invention comprises a display panel, a first substrate base plate and a second substrate base plate which are oppositely arranged on the display panel, the first substrate is positioned at one side of the second substrate, which is close to the light emitting surface of the display module; the method comprises the steps that a support column is arranged between a first substrate base plate and a second substrate base plate, the support column comprises a first support column and a second support column, and the height of the first support column is larger than that of the second support column in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate base plate; the first support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area, and the second support column is positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area; the display module further comprises a pressure sensing unit; in the direction vertical to the plane of the first substrate, the pressure sensing unit is at least partially overlapped with the first support column and/or the second support column, friction stress is generated when friction occurs in a liquid crystal box of the display panel, phase difference is generated when light passes through the first substrate and the second substrate, and a more obvious light leakage phenomenon occurs in a black state, when friction stress acts on the first support column and/or the second support column, the pressure sensing unit can sense the friction stress and convert the friction stress into an electric signal, then the compression ratio of the first support column and/or the second support column is calculated, the phase difference between the first substrate and the second substrate is calculated through the compression ratio, the light leakage quantity is obtained, and gray scale voltage compensation can be carried out on the display panel according to the light leakage quantity.
While certain specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail by way of example, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (16)

1. The display module is characterized by comprising a display panel, wherein the display panel is provided with a first substrate base plate and a second substrate base plate which are oppositely arranged, and the first substrate base plate is positioned at one side of the second substrate base plate, which is close to the light emitting surface of the display module; the display panel also comprises a display area and a non-display area at least partially surrounding the display area, wherein a support column is arranged between the first substrate base plate and the second substrate base plate, the support column comprises a first support column and a second support column, and the height of the first support column is larger than that of the second support column in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate base plate; the first support columns are positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area, and the second support columns are positioned in the display area and/or the non-display area;
The display module further comprises a pressure sensing unit;
The pressure sensing unit at least partially overlaps the first support column and/or the second support column in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate is located;
the display area comprises a plurality of sub-pixels, the display module further comprises a control unit, the control unit obtains the compression ratio of the first support column and/or the second support column according to the pressure change of the first support column and/or the second support column in a black state of the display panel, the phase difference between the first substrate and the second substrate is obtained through the calculation of the compression ratio of the first support column and/or the second support column, the light leakage amount of the display panel is obtained, and the gray scale voltage of the sub-pixels is adjusted to compensate the light leakage amount.
2. The display module of claim 1, wherein the first support column comprises a first sub-support column located in the non-display area and a second sub-support column located in the display area;
at least part of the first sub-support columns at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing units in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate base plate is located;
And/or at least part of the second sub-support columns at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing units in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate base plate is located.
3. The display module of claim 2, wherein the non-display area includes a left frame and a right frame disposed opposite each other along a first direction X, and further includes an upper frame and a lower frame disposed opposite each other along a second direction Y;
the pressure sensing unit is located in at least one of the left frame, the right frame, and the upper frame.
4. The display module of claim 1, wherein the second support column comprises a third sub-support column located in the non-display area and a fourth sub-support column located in the display area;
At least part of the third sub-support columns at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing units in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate base plate is located;
and/or at least part of the fourth sub-support columns at least partially overlap with the pressure sensing units in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the first substrate.
5. The display module of claim 4, wherein the non-display area includes an upper frame and a lower frame disposed opposite each other along a second direction Y;
The pressure sensing unit is positioned on the lower frame.
6. The display module of claim 1, wherein the pressure sensing unit comprises a pressure sensor comprising a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor; the first end of the first resistor and the first end of the second resistor are electrically connected through a first connecting wire and are electrically connected with a first power input signal wire, the second end of the first resistor and the first end of the fourth resistor are electrically connected with a first sensing signal output signal wire, the second end of the fourth resistor and the first end of the third resistor are electrically connected through a second connecting wire and are electrically connected with a second power input signal wire, and the second end of the second resistor and the second end of the third resistor are electrically connected with a second sensing signal output signal wire;
The first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and/or the fourth resistor at least partially overlap the first support column and/or the second support column in a direction perpendicular to a plane in which the first substrate is located.
7. The display module of claim 6, wherein the first resistor and the third resistor are N-type polysilicon semiconductors, and the second resistor and the fourth resistor are P-type polysilicon semiconductors;
or the first resistor and the third resistor are P-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductors, and the second resistor and the fourth resistor are N-type polycrystalline silicon semiconductors.
8. The display module of claim 6, wherein the side of the second substrate adjacent to the first substrate further comprises a first metal layer, a second metal layer positioned on the side of the first metal layer adjacent to the first substrate, a third metal layer positioned on the side of the second metal layer adjacent to the first substrate, wherein the scan lines in the display panel are positioned on the first metal layer, and the data lines in the display panel are positioned on the second metal layer;
the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire are positioned on the first metal layer;
The first power input signal line, the first sensing signal output signal line, the second power input signal line, and the second sensing signal output signal line are located in the third metal layer.
9. The display module of claim 8, wherein the display area includes a plurality of sub-pixels forming a sub-pixel row along a first direction X and a plurality of sub-pixels forming a sub-pixel column along a second direction Y;
the first connection line and the second connection line are located between adjacent sub-pixel rows;
the first power input signal line, the first sensing signal output signal line, the second power input signal line, and the second sensing signal output signal line are located between adjacent sub-pixel columns.
10. The display module of claim 8, wherein the display panel further comprises a touch trace comprising a first touch trace multiplexed into the first power input signal line, the first sense signal output signal line, the second power input signal line, and the second sense signal output signal line.
11. The display module of claim 10, wherein the display module comprises a touch stage and a pressure sensing stage, and the touch signal and the pressure sensing signal in the first touch trace are sent in a time-sharing manner.
12. The display module of claim 1, wherein the second substrate is further provided with an active layer on a side of the second substrate adjacent to the first substrate, and the pressure sensing unit is co-layer with the active layer.
13. The display module of claim 1, wherein the amount of light leakage is obtained according to the following method: t=1/2×sin 2(2ψ(V))×sin2 (pi R/λ), the display panel further includes a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate includes the first substrate, the second substrate includes the second substrate, the display panel further includes liquid crystal molecules interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where R is a phase difference between the first substrate and the second substrate, ψ (V) is a deflection voltage of the liquid crystal molecules, and T is a light transmittance of the display panel.
14. The display module of claim 13, wherein the phase difference R of the first and second substrate substrates is obtained according to the following method:
R=S×t×Δσ，
Wherein S is a photoelastic coefficient of the first substrate, the photoelastic coefficients of the first substrate and the second substrate are equal, t is a thickness of the first substrate, the thicknesses of the first substrate and the second substrate are equal, and Δσ is a friction stress between the first support column and/or the second support column and the second substrate.
15. The display module of claim 14, wherein Δσ between the first support column and/or the second support column and the second substrate is obtained according to the following method: wherein,
One side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal molecules comprises an alignment film, mu is the friction coefficient between the first support column and/or the second support column and the alignment film, N is the contact area between the first support column and/or the second support column and the second substrate,K is the elasticity coefficient of the first support column and/or the second support column, wherein K is the compressibility of the first support column and/or the second support column.
16. A display device comprising a display module according to any one of claims 1 to 15.
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