CN116587087A - A compound grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound grinding machine, comprising a bed, a head frame, an outer cylindrical grinding device, an inner cylindrical grinding device and a thread grinding device; the head frame is slidably connected to the bed along the Z-axis direction, and the head frame is A fixture for clamping the workpiece is connected, the fixture is rotatably connected to the head frame, and the rotation axis of the fixture is parallel to the Z-axis direction; the cylindrical grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat, and the X-axis moving seat is along the X-axis The direction is slidably connected to the bed; the internal grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat; the thread grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat; wherein, the X-axis direction is perpendicular to the Z-axis direction. The compound grinding machine of the present invention has three functions of cylindrical grinding, internal grinding and thread grinding, and can realize flexible switching, not only can effectively improve the processing accuracy and processing quality of the workpiece, but also greatly improve the processing efficiency.

Description

A compound grinder

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to a compound grinding machine.

Background technique

A grinder is a machine tool that uses abrasive tools to grind the surface of a workpiece. Grinding machines can be used to grind the excess of the workpiece to obtain the required shape, size and processing surface. Through grinding, the surface accuracy of the workpiece can be improved, especially for workpieces with high surface quality requirements, which generally require grinding. processing.

However, the existing grinding machine has a single grinding function, usually only one of the grinding functions such as cylindrical grinding and internal grinding can be realized. After the grinding function, replace another grinding machine and re-clamp and position the workpiece. Not only is the operation inconvenient, time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also multiple clamping is not conducive to ensuring the accuracy of coaxiality, parallelism, and perpendicularity to the end surface. , thus affecting the machining accuracy of the workpiece, and the quality of the workpiece cannot be guaranteed.

Contents of the invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art that the grinding function of the grinding machine is single and cannot meet the switching requirements of multiple grinding functions, resulting in that the machining efficiency and machining accuracy of the workpiece cannot be effectively guaranteed.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a compound grinding machine, comprising:

bed frame;

a headstock, the headstock is slidably connected to the bed along the Z-axis direction, the headstock is connected with a fixture for clamping the workpiece, and the fixture is rotatably connected to the headstock, The rotation axis of the clamp is parallel to the Z-axis direction;

A cylindrical grinding device, the cylindrical grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat, and the X-axis moving seat is slidably connected to the bed along the X-axis direction;

an internal grinding device, the internal grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat;

A thread grinding device, the thread grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat;

Wherein, the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the bed is provided with a Z-axis guide rail and an X-axis guide rail, the headstock is slidably connected to the Z-axis guide rail, and the X-axis moving seat is slidably Connected to the X-axis guide rail.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the head frame is driven by a first linear motor to move linearly in the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis moving seat is driven by a second linear motor to move linearly in the X-axis direction.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the thread grinding device includes a first mounting base and a first grinding body for grinding threads on a workpiece, the first mounting base and the X-axis moving base connected, the first grinding main body is slidably connected to the first mount along the Y-axis direction, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are both perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first grinding body is driven by a screw nut transmission mechanism to make a linear motion in the Y-axis direction, and the screw nut transmission mechanism includes a screw and a drive nut, and is rotated by the screw The drive nut is driven to move linearly along the lead screw, which is rotatably connected to the first mount, and the lead screw is driven to rotate by the Y-axis drive motor. The drive nut and the Y-axis The moving seat is connected, and the Y-axis moving seat is connected with the first grinding main body.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first grinding body is rotatably connected to the Y-axis moving seat.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the cylindrical grinding device includes a second mounting seat and a second grinding main body used for cylindrical grinding the workpiece, the second grinding main body is rotatably connected to the on the second mount.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the internal grinding device includes a third mounting base and a third grinding body for internally grinding the workpiece, the third grinding body is rotatably connected to the on the third mount.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the third grinding body includes a grinding head, the grinding head is connected to the output shaft of the grinding drive device, and the casing of the grinding drive device is connected to the third mounting seat through the turntable assembly. connected, the turntable assembly is driven to rotate by a rotating motor.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the turntable assembly is connected to the third mounting seat through a turntable bearing.

The above technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

The compound grinding machine of the present invention has three functions of cylindrical grinding, internal grinding and thread grinding, and can flexibly adjust the head frame, external grinding device, internal grinding device and thread grinding The position of the device enables the flexible switching of external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding and thread grinding operations. For the same workpiece, only one clamping is required to perform various types of grinding operations without switching machine tools, not only It can not only effectively improve the processing accuracy and quality of the workpiece, but also greatly improve the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

Description of drawings

In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below according to the specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of compound grinder of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of another angle of the compound grinding machine shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the front view of the compound grinding machine shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a top view of the compound grinding machine shown in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the bed in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the internal grinding device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a front view of the internal grinding device shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view at A-A place in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the thread grinding device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of the thread grinding device shown in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the cylindrical grinding device in Fig. 1;

Explanation of reference signs in the manual:

1. Bed;

2. Head frame; 21. Fixture;

3. Cylindrical grinding device; 31. The second grinding body; 32. The second mounting seat;

4. Internal grinding device; 41. Third grinding main body; 411. Grinding head; 412. Grinding driving device; 413. Turntable assembly; 4131. Chassis; 4132. Connection plate; 414. Turntable bearing; 416. Adjusting gasket; 42. The third mounting seat;

5. Thread grinding device; 51. First grinding body; 52. First mounting seat; 521. Slip chamber; 53. Lead screw; 54. Y-axis moving seat; 55. Y-axis driving motor;

6. X-axis moving seat; 7. X-axis guide rail; 8. Z-axis guide rail; 9. Y-axis guide rail; 10. First linear motor; 11. Second linear motor.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the examples given are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, this embodiment discloses a compound grinding machine, including a bed 1, a head frame 2, an outer cylindrical grinding device 3, an inner cylindrical grinding device 4 and a thread grinding device 5;

The head frame 2 is slidably connected to the bed 1 along the Z-axis direction, the head frame 2 is connected with a clamp 21 for clamping the workpiece, the clamp 21 is rotatably connected to the head frame 2, the rotation axis of the clamp 21 and The Z-axis direction is parallel; the above-mentioned fixture 21 can adopt a chuck, such as a three-jaw chuck, a four-jaw chuck or a six-jaw chuck;

The cylindrical grinding device 3 is connected to the X-axis moving seat 6, and the X-axis moving seat 6 is slidably connected to the bed 1 along the X-axis direction, so that the cylindrical grinding device 3 can be moved along the X-axis by using the X-axis moving seat 6. Displacement adjustment in the X direction;

The internal grinding device 4 is connected to the X-axis moving seat 6, so as to realize the displacement adjustment of the internal grinding device 4 along the X direction by using the X-axis moving seat 6;

The thread grinding device 5 is connected to the X-axis moving seat 6, so as to use the X-axis moving seat 6 to realize the displacement adjustment of the internal grinding device 4 along the X direction;

Wherein, the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to each other. For the direction of the X axis and the direction of the Z axis, refer to the directions of the arrows in FIGS. 2-4 .

The cylindrical grinding device 3 is used for grinding the outer circle of the workpiece, the internal grinding device 4 is used for grinding the inner circle of the workpiece, and the thread grinding device 5 is used for grinding the thread on the workpiece to improve Thread machining accuracy.

The compound grinding machine with the above structure has three functions of cylindrical grinding, internal grinding and thread grinding, and can flexibly adjust the head frame 2, external grinding device 3, internal grinding device 4 and thread grinding The location of the grinding device 5 enables flexible switching between external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding and thread grinding operations. For the same workpiece, only one clamping is required to perform various types of grinding operations without switching machine tools , not only can effectively improve the processing accuracy and quality of the workpiece, but also greatly improve the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

In one of the embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5 , the bed 1 is provided with a Z-axis guide rail 8 and an X-axis guide rail 7 , the headstock 2 is slidably connected to the Z-axis guide rail 8 , and the X-axis moving seat 6 can It is slidably connected to the X-axis guide rail 7 to ensure the stability and reliability of the movement of the head frame 2 and the X-axis moving seat 6 respectively.

Further, both the Z-axis guide rail 8 and the X-axis guide rail 7 can use roller linear guide rails for the Z-axis guide rail 8 and the X-axis guide rail 7, which have ultra-high rigidity and high precision.

In one embodiment, the head frame 2 is driven by the first linear motor 10 to move linearly in the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis moving base 6 is driven by the second linear motor 11 to move linearly in the X-axis direction.

The above driving method is driven by a linear motor, which has high responsiveness and long-term stability, and is more conducive to ensuring motion accuracy. For example, a magnetic levitation linear motor can be used, which has more advantages in moving speed and positioning accuracy. It can better avoid wear problems and ensure the service life of the equipment.

The above-mentioned bed 1 can be made of natural granite material. The bed 1 made of this material has small thermal deformation and high stability, which is more conducive to ensuring the movement accuracy of the moving parts.

In one of the embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 9-10 , the thread grinding device 5 includes a first mounting seat 52 and a first grinding main body 51 for grinding threads on a workpiece. The first mounting seat 52 Connected with the X-axis moving seat 6, the first grinding body 51 is slidably connected to the first installation seat 52 along the Y-axis direction, and both the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, that is, X The three axial directions, the Z-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction are perpendicular to each other. For the X-axis direction, Z-axis direction and Y-axis direction, refer to the arrow directions in FIGS. 2-4 .

Wherein, the first grinding body 51 is a grinding device for grinding, which has a grinding head, so as to use the grinding head to perform a corresponding grinding operation on the workpiece. The grinding head can be a grinding wheel assembly.

The above-mentioned structure can drive the first grinding body 51 to move along the X-axis direction through the X-axis moving seat 6, so as to realize the adjustment of the horizontal position of the first grinding body 51, and also enable the first grinding body 51 to move up and down along the Y-axis direction, thereby The adjustment of the vertical position of the first grinding main body 51 is realized, so that the thread grinding device 5 can be flexibly adjusted in position, so that the grinding operation of different positions and different types of workpieces can be realized to meet the needs of different working conditions.

In one of the embodiments, the first grinding body 51 is driven by a screw nut transmission mechanism to perform linear motion in the Y-axis direction. The screw nut transmission mechanism includes a lead screw 53 and a drive nut, and the drive nut is driven by the rotation of the lead screw 53. Do linear motion along the lead screw 53, the rotation of the lead screw 53 drives the transmission nut to move up and down linearly along the lead screw 53, the lead screw 53 is rotatably connected to the first mount 52, and the lead screw 53 is driven by the Y-axis drive motor 55 Driven to rotate, the transmission nut is connected with the Y-axis moving seat 54 , and the Y-axis moving seat 54 is connected with the first grinding main body 51 . When the above structure works, the rotation of the lead screw 53 drives the transmission nut to move linearly in the Y-axis direction (up and down) along the lead screw 53, and the drive nut drives the Y-axis moving seat 54 and the first grinding main body 51 to move in the Y-axis direction together. , so as to realize the adjustment of the height of the first grinding main body 51 .

Wherein, the lead screw 53 can be installed by fixing both ends, and the lead screw 53 can be pre-stretched to reduce the amount of thermal deformation generated during the movement of the lead screw and improve the accuracy and stability of the machine tool.

Further, a sliding cavity 521 is provided on the first mounting base 52 , one end of the Y-axis moving base 54 is slidably connected to the sliding cavity 521 , and the other end is connected to the first grinding body 51 . This structure can make the Y-axis moving seat 54 move linearly in the sliding cavity 521 , and can better ensure the movement accuracy and stability of the Y-axis moving seat 54 .

Further, the first mounting base 52 is provided with a Y-axis guide rail 9, and the Y-axis moving base 54 is slidably connected to the Y-axis guiding rail 9, so as to better ensure the movement stability of the Y-axis moving base 54 and prevent its Offset occurs.

In one embodiment, the first grinding main body 51 is rotatably connected to the Y-axis moving seat 54, so that the first grinding main body 51 can rotate around the X-axis direction to meet processing requirements of different thread lead angles.

In one of the embodiments, as shown in FIG. 11 , the cylindrical grinding device 3 includes a second mounting seat 32 and a second grinding main body 31 for cylindrically grinding a workpiece. The second grinding main body 31 is rotatable It is connected to the second mounting base 32 so that the second grinding main body 31 can rotate around the Y-axis direction, so that it is easier to adjust the angle of the second grinding main body 31 according to actual working conditions.

Wherein, the second grinding main body 31 is a grinding device for grinding, which has a grinding head, so as to use the grinding head to perform a corresponding cylindrical grinding operation on the workpiece. The grinding head can be a grinding wheel assembly.

In one of the embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6-8 , the internal grinding device 4 includes a third mounting seat 42 and a third grinding main body 41 for internally grinding the workpiece. The third grinding main body 41 The rotatable connection to the third mounting base 42 means that the third grinding main body 41 can rotate around the Y-axis direction, so that it is more convenient to adjust the angle of the third grinding main body 41 according to actual working conditions.

Wherein, the third grinding body 41 is a grinding device for grinding, which has a grinding head 411 , so as to use the grinding head 411 to perform a corresponding internal grinding operation on the workpiece. Grinding head 411 may be a grinding wheel assembly.

In one of the embodiments, the third grinding main body 41 includes a grinding head 411, the grinding head 411 is connected to the output shaft of the grinding drive device 412, and the output shaft of the grinding drive device 412 drives the grinding head 411 to rotate, and the grinding head 412 of the grinding drive device 412 The casing is connected to the third mounting seat 42 through a turntable assembly 413, and the turntable assembly 413 is driven to rotate by a rotating motor.

Preferably, the above-mentioned grinding driving device 412 adopts an electric spindle.

Further, the turntable assembly 413 is connected to the third mount 42 through the turntable bearing 414 to ensure that the turntable assembly 413 can rotate stably relative to the third mount 42 .

Further, the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the turntable assembly 413, the inner ring of the turntable bearing 414 is connected to the turntable assembly 413, the outer ring of the turntable bearing 414 is fixed to the third mount 42, and the rotation of the output shaft of the rotating motor drives the The turntable assembly 413 rotates, thereby driving the inner ring of the turntable bearing 414 to rotate relative to the outer ring.

The above-mentioned rotating motor can be placed inside the third mounting seat 42 .

Wherein, the turntable assembly 413 includes a chassis 4131, the lower part of the chassis 4131 is connected with the third mounting seat 42 through the connecting disk 4132, the connecting disk 4132 is connected with the output shaft of the rotating motor, and the rotating motor drives the connecting disk 4132 and the chassis 4131 to rotate together .

In order to ensure the sealing effect, a sealing ring 415 can be provided between the connection plate 4132 and the third mounting seat 42 to prevent foreign matter such as external water vapor and iron filings from entering the third mounting seat 42 .

To facilitate the adjustment of the height of the grinding head 411 , an adjusting gasket 416 may be provided between the housing of the grinding drive device 412 and the turntable assembly 413 .

Adjusting shims may also be provided between the turntable bearing 414 and the third mounting seat 42 to better eliminate cumulative assembly errors.

The working principle of the above-mentioned internal grinding device 4 is: use the rotating motor to drive the turntable assembly 413 to rotate, thereby driving the third grinding body 41 and the grinding head 411 to rotate together to the required angle; For circular contact, you only need to start the grinding drive device 412, and the grinding drive device 412 drives the grinding head 411 to rotate to realize the internal grinding operation.

Wherein, the structure of the second grinding main body 31 of the cylindrical grinding device 3, the first grinding main body 51 of the thread grinding device 5 and the third grinding main body 41 of the internal grinding device 4 are basically the same, and both include a grinding drive device 412 And the grinding head 411, the grinding head 411 is driven to rotate by the grinding driving device 412, but the three grinding devices need to be equipped with different grinding heads.

There is a rotatable connection between the second grinding main body 31 and the second mounting seat 32. This connection method can also adopt the rotating connection mode between the above-mentioned third grinding main body 41 and the third mounting seat 42. Similarly, the first grinding main body 51 and the Y-axis moving seat 54 are rotatably connected, and this connection method can also adopt the above-mentioned rotatable connection method between the third grinding body 41 and the third mounting seat 42 , which will not be repeated here.

The following specific examples illustrate the use of the above-mentioned compound grinding machine:

First clamp the workpiece to be polished in the fixture 21 of the head frame 2, when the workpiece needs to be cylindrically ground, the first linear motor 10 drives the head frame 2 to make a linear motion in the Z-axis direction, that is, the head The frame 2 gradually advances toward the cylindrical grinding device 3 until it reaches the designated position, and the second linear motor 11 drives the X-axis moving seat 6 to move along the X-axis direction, so that the X-axis moving seat 6 drives the cylindrical grinding device 3 Gradually approach the workpiece on the head frame 2 until the grinding head 411 of the cylindrical grinding device 3 touches the outer circle of the workpiece, and then drive the grinding head 411 of the cylindrical grinding device 3 to rotate, and then the cylindrical grinding action can be performed;

Similarly, when the workpiece needs to be internally ground, the first linear motor 10 drives the headstock 2 to move linearly in the Z-axis direction, so that the headstock 2 gradually advances toward the internal grinding device 4 until Arrive at the specified position, and the second linear motor 11 drives the X-axis moving seat 6 to move along the X-axis direction, so that the X-axis moving seat 6 drives the internal grinding device 4 to gradually approach the workpiece on the head frame 2 until the internal grinding The grinding head 411 of the cutting device 4 contacts the inner circle of the workpiece, and then drives the grinding head 411 of the internal grinding device 4 to rotate, so that the internal grinding action can be carried out;

Similarly, when the thread on the workpiece needs to be ground, the first linear motor 10 drives the headstock 2 to perform linear motion in the Z-axis direction, that is, the headstock 2 gradually advances toward the thread grinding device 5, Until reaching the specified position, the second linear motor 11 drives the X-axis moving seat 6 to move along the X-axis direction, so that the X-axis moving seat 6 drives the thread grinding device 5 to gradually approach the workpiece on the head frame 2 until the thread grinding The grinding head 411 of the device 5 contacts the threaded part on the workpiece, and then drives the grinding head 411 of the thread grinding device 5 to rotate to perform thread grinding. In this process, by adjusting the angle of the grinding head, it can meet different thread requirements. The processing requirements of the rise angle.

In actual production, if the same workpiece needs to be subjected to external cylindrical grinding, internal cylindrical grinding and thread grinding, it can be realized by using the above-mentioned compound grinding machine, and there is no need to replace the grinding machine, thus greatly improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy; The above-mentioned compound grinding machine can not only meet different grinding requirements of the same workpiece, but also meet different types of grinding requirements of different workpieces, and is also conducive to greatly reducing processing costs.

In some other embodiments, the head frame 2 can be connected to the column, and the column is slidably connected to the bed 1 along the Z-axis direction, and the head frame 2 is connected to one side of the column, so that the clamp 21 of the head frame 2 The central axis deviates from the center line of the bed 1, that is, the headstock 2 is located on one side of the bed 1, thereby shortening the manual operation distance and making it easier for the operator to install workpieces on the headstock 2.

The compound grinding machine of the above embodiment has three functions of cylindrical grinding, internal grinding and thread grinding, and can be switched flexibly, so that a variety of different types of grinding operations can be realized by one machine tool , effectively improving the processing accuracy and quality of the workpiece, and greatly improving the processing efficiency of the workpiece.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation. For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the basis of the above description, other changes or changes in various forms can also be made. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. However, the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A compound grinder, characterized in that: comprising the steps of (a) a step of,

a bed body;

the headstock is connected to the lathe bed in a sliding manner along the Z-axis direction, a clamp used for clamping a workpiece is connected to the headstock, the clamp is rotatably connected to the headstock, and the rotation axis of the clamp is parallel to the Z-axis direction;

the cylindrical grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat, and the X-axis moving seat is connected to the lathe bed in a sliding manner along the X-axis direction;

the inner circle grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat;

the thread grinding device is connected to the X-axis moving seat;

wherein the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular.

2. The compound grinder of claim 1, wherein: the lathe bed is provided with a Z-axis guide rail and an X-axis guide rail, the headstock is slidably connected to the Z-axis guide rail, and the X-axis movable seat is slidably connected to the X-axis guide rail.

3. The compound grinder of claim 1, wherein: the headstock is driven by a first linear motor to do linear motion in the Z-axis direction, and the X-axis moving seat is driven by a second linear motor to do linear motion in the X-axis direction.

4. The compound grinder of claim 1, wherein: the thread grinding device comprises a first mounting seat and a first grinding main body used for grinding threads on a workpiece, wherein the first mounting seat is connected with the X-axis moving seat, the first grinding main body is slidably connected to the first mounting seat along the Y-axis direction, and the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction are perpendicular to the Y-axis direction.

5. The compound grinder of claim 4, wherein: the first grinding main body is driven by a screw nut transmission mechanism to do linear motion in the Y-axis direction, the screw nut transmission mechanism comprises a screw and a transmission nut, the screw is rotated to drive the transmission nut to do linear motion along the screw, the screw is rotatably connected to the first mounting seat, the screw is driven by a Y-axis driving motor to rotate, the transmission nut is connected with a Y-axis moving seat, and the Y-axis moving seat is connected with the first grinding main body.

6. The compound grinder of claim 5, wherein: the first grinding main body is rotatably connected to the Y-axis movable seat.

7. The compound grinder of claim 1, wherein: the cylindrical grinding device comprises a second mounting seat and a second grinding main body used for cylindrical grinding of the workpiece, and the second grinding main body is rotatably connected to the second mounting seat.

8. The compound grinder of claim 1, wherein: the internal grinding device comprises a third mounting seat and a third grinding main body used for carrying out internal grinding on the workpiece, and the third grinding main body is rotatably connected to the third mounting seat.

9. The compound grinder of claim 8, wherein: the third polishing main body comprises a polishing head, the polishing head is connected with an output shaft of a polishing driving device, a shell of the polishing driving device is connected with a third mounting seat through a turntable assembly, and the turntable assembly is driven to rotate by a rotating motor.

10. The compound grinder of claim 9, wherein: the turntable assembly is connected with the third mounting seat through a turntable bearing.