CN116970411B

CN116970411B - Sludge treatment device and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN116970411B
Application number: CN202311175350.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张博; 邓靖; 邱丽娟; 吕响荣; 王凯; 王小冬; 朱振鑫; 吴建华
Original assignee: Atea (shanghai) Environmental Ltd
Current assignee: Atea (shanghai) Environmental Ltd
Priority date: 2023-09-12
Filing date: 2023-09-12
Publication date: 2024-08-06
Anticipated expiration: 2043-09-12
Also published as: CN116970411A

Abstract

The application discloses an oil sludge treatment device and a working method thereof, wherein the oil sludge treatment device comprises a pyrolysis unit and a gasification unit. The pyrolysis unit comprises a pyrolysis furnace. The pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace body, a second heat preservation layer and a blocking component. The furnace body forms a pyrolysis cavity and a coke outlet. The separation assembly separates the gap between the furnace body and the second heat preservation layer into a medium-temperature gap, a medium-high Wen Jianxi and a high Wen Jianxi. The gasification unit comprises a gasification furnace, the gasification furnace forms a first air outlet, the gasification furnace is communicated with the coke outlet through a pipeline, pyrolytic coke enters the gasification furnace and is gasified with gasifying agent to generate high-temperature synthesis gas, the first air outlet can be communicated with the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through pipelines, and the high-temperature synthesis gas can be led to the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through the first air outlet.

Description

Sludge treatment device and working method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil sludge treatment, in particular to an oil sludge treatment device and a working method thereof.

Background

The oily sludge is sludge mixed with oils such as crude oil, various kinds of finished oil, and residual oil. At present, oil-containing sludge is mostly produced from channels such as crude oil exploitation, oil field gathering and transportation processes, petroleum refining and the like, and the yield is huge. Because the oily sludge contains a large amount of oil resources, if the oily sludge is directly abandoned, the oily sludge is harmful to the environment and organisms, and the resource waste is caused.

The prior physicochemical treatment method in the treatment mode of the oil-containing sludge mainly comprises a landfill method, an incineration method, an extraction method, a pyrolysis method, a drying method and the like, wherein the pyrolysis method is to heat the oil-containing sludge to 300-850 ℃ under the anoxic or inert condition, so that the organic matters in the oil-containing sludge undergo thermal cracking or thermal shrinkage reaction to generate micromolecular pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis water, synthesis gas and pyrolysis coke. Synthesis gas can be utilized as a fuel or as a catalytic synthesis chemical feedstock. The pyrolysis coke has a certain heat value, and the generated pyrolysis coke accounts for 50-70% of the pyrolysis product of the oil sludge, but the existing treatment equipment of the oil sludge can not effectively utilize the heat energy of the pyrolysis coke, so that the heat value of the oil sludge can not be fully utilized.

In addition, a large amount of pyrolysis water generated by pyrolysis of the oil sludge is required to be introduced into water treatment equipment for treatment, so that the cost of oil sludge treatment is increased.

According to the oil state, the oil-containing sludge can be divided into slurry-type sludge and solid-type sludge, and the sludge in the two states needs to be dehydrated before pyrolysis. The solid oil sludge can be directly dried; the slurry sludge has a high liquid content, and needs to be dehydrated and then dried. Because the slurry sludge is a system consisting of oil-in-water, water-in-oil and suspended solids, the time required for filter pressing and dehydration is long, and the liquid substances obtained by filter pressing need additional treatment equipment for treatment, so that the slurry sludge is difficult to treat and the treatment cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

An advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a method of operating the same that is capable of gasifying pyrolysis coke generated by pyrolysis to generate usable synthesis gas, and utilizing waste heat of the synthesis gas for oil sludge pyrolysis.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a working method thereof, which can mix slurry oil sludge with solid oil sludge so that the slurry oil sludge can be directly treated without performing a dehydration treatment.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a working method thereof, in which pyrolysis water generated by pyrolysis of oil sludge is reused as a gasifying agent for gasification reaction, thereby reducing the cost of pyrolysis of oil sludge.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a method for operating the same, which perform a staged pyrolysis of a pyrolysis furnace, improve a leaching rate of pyrolysis oil and reduce energy consumption required for pyrolysis of oil sludge.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a working method thereof, in which the residual heat of the synthesis gas treated by the oil sludge is used for drying the oil sludge, and part of the water in the oil sludge can be removed while utilizing the residual heat of the synthesis gas.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a sludge treatment apparatus and a working method thereof, in which the pyrolysis furnace is inclined so that sludge moves in the pyrolysis furnace under the action of gravity, thereby reducing the difficulty of the feeding roller in conveying sludge.

Another advantage of the present invention is to provide an oil sludge treatment apparatus and a method of operating the same, in which pyrolysis coke is crushed before gasification so as to be subsequently brought into reaction contact with a gasifying agent, thereby improving a reaction rate of gasification reaction.

The invention further provides an oil sludge treatment device and a working method thereof, wherein the mixed gas generated by pyrolysis of the oil sludge is condensed to generate water-oil mixed liquid, and the water-oil mixed liquid can be used as a condensing medium to re-condense the mixed gas generated by pyrolysis after being cooled so as to be recycled, so that the rest of condensing medium is avoided.

To achieve at least one of the above advantages, the present invention provides an oil sludge treatment apparatus comprising:

a pyrolysis unit, the pyrolysis unit comprising:

a feeding roller;

A belt rotation mechanism to which the feed roller is connected;

A pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace comprising:

the furnace body forms a pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis furnace forms a feeding port communicated with the pyrolysis cavity, a coke outlet communicated with the pyrolysis cavity and a second mixed gas outlet communicated with the pyrolysis cavity, oil sludge enters the pyrolysis cavity through the feeding port, the feeding port and the coke outlet are respectively formed at two opposite ends of the pyrolysis furnace, and the feeding roller is rotatably arranged in the pyrolysis cavity in a manner of being driven to rotate by the belt rotating mechanism;

the furnace body is arranged on the second heat insulation layer in a contained mode;

The separation assembly comprises a first separation member and a second separation member, the first separation member and the second separation member are installed between the furnace body and the second heat preservation layer at intervals, a gap between the furnace body and the second heat preservation layer is divided into a medium-temperature gap, a medium-high Wen Jianxi and a high-high Wen Jianxi, areas corresponding to the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap are respectively defined as a light oil removal area, a heavy oil removal area and a carbonization area, the light oil removal area is communicated with the feeding port, the carbonization area is communicated with the coke outlet, the second heat preservation layer forms a medium-temperature gas inlet communicated with the medium-temperature gap and a first gas outlet communicated with the medium-temperature gap, the second heat preservation layer forms a medium-high gas inlet communicated with the medium-high Wen Jianxi and a second gas outlet communicated with the medium-high Wen Jianxi, and the second heat preservation layer forms a high-temperature gas inlet communicated with the medium-high-temperature gap and a high-temperature gas outlet communicated with the first heat preservation layer;

the gasification unit comprises a gasification furnace, the gasification furnace is provided with at least one first inlet, one second inlet, a slag hole and a first air outlet, the first inlet is communicated with the coke outlet through a pipeline, pyrolysis coke enters the gasification furnace through the first inlet, gasifying agent is introduced into the gasification furnace through the second inlet, the pyrolysis coke and gasifying agent are subjected to gasification reaction under the gasification reaction condition to generate ash slag and high-temperature synthetic gas, the generated ash slag can be discharged out of the gasification furnace through the slag hole, the first air outlet can be communicated with the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through pipelines, and the high-temperature synthetic gas can be introduced into the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through the first air outlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sludge treatment apparatus includes a pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit includes a stirring mechanism, and the stirring mechanism includes:

A stirring roller;

A driving member to which the stirring roller is connected;

The stirring equipment body is provided with a stirring cavity, at least one first sludge inlet communicated with the stirring cavity and a first discharge outlet communicated with the stirring cavity, the first discharge outlet is communicated with the feed inlet through a pipeline, the stirring roller is rotatably arranged in the stirring cavity in a mode of being driven by the driving member, the stirring roller driven by the driving member is used for stirring sludge thrown into the stirring cavity from the first sludge inlet, the stirred sludge is discharged from the first discharge outlet, the stirring equipment body comprises a stirring chamber and a first heat preservation layer, the stirring chamber is formed into the stirring cavity, the stirring chamber is accommodated and is arranged in the first heat preservation layer, a heating gap is formed between the stirring chamber and the first heat preservation layer, the first heat preservation layer forms an air inlet communicated with the heating gap and an air outlet communicated with the heating gap, the stirring equipment body is further communicated with the first air inlet through the pipeline, and the air outlet is communicated with the outside through the air inlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pretreatment unit further includes a solid sludge feeding mechanism, the solid sludge feeding mechanism includes a storage member, the storage member includes a storage device main body, the storage device main body forms a storage cavity for storing solid sludge, and the storage cavity is communicated with the first sludge inlet through a pipeline.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stirring apparatus body forms at least one second sludge inlet communicating with the stirring cavity, and the pretreatment unit further includes a slurry sludge feeding mechanism, where the slurry sludge feeding mechanism includes an oil tank for storing slurry sludge, and the oil tank is communicated with the second sludge inlet through a pipeline.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solid sludge feeding mechanism further includes a second weighing member connected to the storage member in such a manner as to be able to measure the mass of the solid sludge fed from the storage member into the stirring chamber at a single time, and the slurry sludge feeding mechanism includes a first weighing member connected to the oil tank in such a manner as to be able to measure the mass of the slurry sludge fed into the stirring chamber at a single time in the oil tank.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sludge treatment apparatus further comprises a condensing unit, the condensing unit comprises a condensing mechanism, and the condensing mechanism comprises:

The condensing tower is provided with a condensing cavity, a first inlet communicated with the condensing cavity, a first outlet communicated with the condensing cavity and a guide outlet communicated with the condensing cavity, wherein the first inlet is respectively communicated with the first mixed gas outlet and the second mixed gas outlet through pipelines, and mixed gas generated by heating oil sludge in the stirring cavity and the pyrolysis cavity enters the condensing cavity;

The spraying parts are arranged in the condensing cavity and used for spraying condensing media into the condensing cavity, the mixed gas introduced into the condensing cavity is condensed into water-oil mixed liquid and synthetic gas by the condensing media, the water-oil mixed liquid is discharged out of the condensing cavity through the first outlet, and the synthetic gas is discharged out of the condensing cavity through the outlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the condensing unit further includes a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism forms a second inlet, a second outlet, a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the second inlet may be connected to the first outlet through a pipeline, the water-oil mixture generated by condensation may enter the cooling mechanism through the second inlet, the cooling medium enters the cooling mechanism through the cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium after performing the cooling operation is discharged from the cooling medium outlet, and the second outlet is connected to the spraying member through a pipeline.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the sludge treatment device further comprises a water-oil separation mechanism, the water-oil separation mechanism forms a mixed liquid inlet, an oil outlet and a water outlet, the mixed liquid inlet can be communicated with the first outlet through a pipeline, water-oil mixed liquid generated by condensation enters the water-oil separation mechanism for water-oil separation, separated pyrolysis oil can be discharged out of the water-oil separation mechanism through the oil outlet, and separated pyrolysis water can be discharged out of the water-oil separation mechanism through the water outlet.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the sludge treatment apparatus further comprises a heat exchange unit, the heat exchange unit comprises a steam generating mechanism and a heat exchange mechanism, the heat exchange mechanism forms a second liquid inlet, a second hot gas outlet and a hot water outlet, the steam generating mechanism forms a first liquid inlet, a steam outlet, a first hot gas inlet and a first hot gas outlet, the second liquid inlet is communicated with the water outlet through a pipeline, the third gas outlet and the second gas outlet are both communicated with the second hot gas inlet through pipelines, the hot water outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet through a pipeline, the first hot gas inlet is communicated with the first air outlet through a pipeline, and the steam outlet is communicated with the gasification unit through a pipeline.

In order to achieve at least one of the above advantages, the present invention provides a working method of the sludge treatment device, comprising the following steps:

(A) : the oil sludge is led to a pyrolysis unit for pyrolysis, so that pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis water are combined into mixed gas at high temperature;

(B) : gasifying the obtained pyrolytic coke through a gasifier to obtain high-temperature synthetic gas and ash;

(C) : the high-temperature synthesis gas is led to the heat exchange unit, so that the waste heat of the synthesis gas generated by gasification is used for pyrolysis water, and the pyrolysis water is heated into water vapor to be used as a gasifying agent;

(D) : the medium-high temperature synthesis gas is led to a pyrolysis unit and a pretreatment unit, so that the waste heat of the synthesis gas generated by gasification is used for pyrolysis and drying of the sludge.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a mixing unit according to the present invention.

Figure 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the mixing unit according to the invention.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the storage member according to the present invention.

Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a pyrolysis unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the gasification pretreatment mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the condensing mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the sludge treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 shows a gas trend diagram of the sludge treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are by way of example only and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention defined in the following description may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, which is merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

It will be understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as referring to "at least one" or "one or more," i.e., in one embodiment, the number of elements may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of elements may be plural, and the term "a" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a sludge treatment apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which includes a pretreatment unit 10, will be described in detail below.

The pretreatment unit 10 includes a stirring mechanism 11. The stirring mechanism 11 includes a stirring device main body 111, a stirring roller 112, and a rotation driving member 113.

The stirring device body 111 forms a stirring chamber 11101, at least a first sludge inlet 11102 communicating with the stirring chamber 11101, and a first discharge outlet 11103 communicating with the stirring chamber 11101. The stirring roller 112 is connected to the rotation member 113, and the stirring roller 112 is rotatably mounted to the stirring chamber 11101 so as to be rotatable by the rotation member 113. The stirring roller 112 driven by the driving member 113 stirs the sludge fed into the stirring chamber 11101 from the first sludge inlet 11102, and the stirred sludge is discharged from the first discharge port 11103 to enter the next processing unit.

In one example, the drive member 113 is implemented to include a motor.

Preferably, the stirring device body 111 includes a stirring chamber 1111 and a first heat-retaining layer 1112. The stirring chamber 1111 forms the stirring chamber 11101, and the stirring chamber 1111 is accommodated in the first insulating layer 1112. A heating gap 11104 is formed between the stirring chamber 1111 and the first insulating layer 1112, and the first insulating layer 1112 forms an air inlet 111201 communicating with the heating gap 11104 and an air outlet 111202 communicating with the heating gap 11104. The stirring device body 111 further forms a first mixed gas outlet 11105 communicating the outside with the stirring chamber 11101.

The air inlet 111201 allows hot air to enter the heating gap 11104, the hot air between the heating gaps 11104 exchanges heat with the stirring chamber 1111, so that the sludge in the stirring chamber 11101 is heated and dried, and the air exchanged with the stirring chamber 1111 is discharged from the air outlet 111202 to the heating gap 11104. The water-oil mixture gas generated by heating the sludge is discharged from the stirring chamber 11101 through the first mixed gas outlet 11105. The dried sludge is discharged from the first discharge port 11103 to the agitating chamber 1111.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the heating gap 11104 may not be provided between the stirring chamber 1111 and the first insulating layer 1112, and a heating wire may be provided on the stirring apparatus main body 111 to heat the sludge in the stirring chamber 11101, so as to achieve the purpose of drying the sludge, which will not be described in detail again.

Further, the pretreatment unit 10 further includes a solid sludge feeding mechanism 12. The solid sludge feeding mechanism 12 comprises a storage member 121. The storage member 121 includes a storage device body 1211, and the storage device body 1211 forms a storage chamber 121101 for storing solid sludge. The storage chamber 121101 is in communication with the first sludge inlet 11102 via a pipe such that the solid sludge in the storage chamber 121101 enters the agitation chamber 11101 via the first sludge inlet 11102.

Preferably, the storage member 121 includes a crushing assembly 1212, and the crushing assembly 1212 is mounted to the storage apparatus body 1211 in such a manner as to crush the solid sludge in the storage chamber 121101.

In one example, the crushing assembly 1212 is implemented to include a crushing roller and a motor that drives the crushing roller.

Preferably, the storage member 121 further comprises at least one screen 1213. The sieving element 1213 is mounted to the storage chamber 121101 to sieve out a predetermined size of solid sludge, and then the predetermined size of solid sludge is removed from the storage chamber 121101 through the first sludge inlet 11102.

In one example, the screen member 1213 includes a screen.

Further, the solid sludge feeding mechanism 12 further includes a second weighing member 122. The second weighing member 122 is connected to the stock member 121 in such a manner that the mass of solid sludge fed from the stock member 121 into the stir chamber 1111 at a single time can be measured.

In one example, the second weighing member 122 is implemented to include a belt scale.

Further, the pretreatment unit 10 further comprises a slurry sludge feeding mechanism 13. The stirring device body 111 forms at least one second sludge inlet 11106 in communication with the stirring chamber 11101. The slurry sludge feeding mechanism 13 includes an oil tank 131 for storing slurry sludge. The oil tank 131 is communicated with the second sludge inlet 11106 through a pipe so that the slurry sludge stored in the oil tank 131 enters the stirring chamber 11101 through the second sludge inlet 11106.

The slurry sludge charging mechanism 13 includes a first weighing member 132. The first weighing means 132 is connected to the oil reservoir 131 in such a manner as to be able to measure the mass of the slurry sludge in the oil reservoir 131 that has entered the stirring chamber 11101 in a single pass.

In this way, the slurry sludge of a predetermined mass and the solid sludge of a predetermined mass are mixed to adjust the liquid content of the mixed sludge so that the slurry sludge can be directly treated without being dehydrated.

In one example, the first weighing member 132 is implemented to include a weight sensor or a flow sensor.

Referring to fig. 4, further, the sludge treatment apparatus further includes a pyrolysis unit 20.

The pyrolysis unit 20 includes a pyrolysis furnace 21, a feed roller 22, and a belt rotation mechanism 23. The pyrolysis furnace 21 includes a furnace body 211, a second insulating layer 212, and a blocking member 213.

The furnace body 211 forms a pyrolysis chamber 21101. The pyrolysis furnace 21 forms a feed inlet 2101 in communication with the pyrolysis chamber 21101, a coke outlet 2102 in communication with the pyrolysis chamber 21101, and a second mixed gas outlet 2103 in communication with the pyrolysis chamber 21101. The feed port 2101 is in communication with the first discharge port 11103 via a pipeline, so that the dried sludge enters the pyrolysis chamber 21101 from the first discharge port 11103 via the feed port 2101. The feed port 2101 and the coke outlet 2102 are formed at opposite ends of the pyrolysis furnace 21, respectively. The feed roller 22 is connected to the belt rotating mechanism 23, and the feed roller 22 is rotatably mounted to the pyrolysis chamber 21101 so as to be rotatable by the belt rotating mechanism 23. The feed roller 22 is configured to convey the dried sludge entering the pyrolysis chamber 21101 through the feed port 2101 toward an end of the pyrolysis furnace 21 where the coke outlet 2102 is formed.

In one example, the belt-turning mechanism 23 is implemented to include a motor.

The furnace body 211 is accommodated in the second insulating layer 212. The barrier assembly 213 includes a first barrier 2131 and a second barrier 2132. The first barrier 2131 and the second barrier 2132 are installed between the furnace body 211 and the second insulation layer 212 at intervals perpendicular to the direction in which the pyrolysis chamber 21101 is screwed in by the feed rollers 22, and divide the gap between the furnace body 211 and the second insulation layer 212 into a medium-temperature gap 2104, a medium height Wen Jianxi, and a high height Wen Jianxi 2106. The areas of the pyrolysis chamber 21101 corresponding to the middle Wen Jianxi, the middle high Wen Jianxi, 2105 and the high-temperature gap 2106 are respectively defined as a light oil removal area 211011, a heavy oil removal area 211012 and a carbonization area 211013, wherein the light oil removal area 211011 is communicated with the feeding port 2101; the carbonization zone 211013 communicates with the coke outlet 2102.

The second insulation 212 forms a medium temperature gas inlet 21201 in communication with the medium Wen Jianxi 2104 and a first gas outlet 21202 in communication with the medium Wen Jianxi 2104. The medium temperature gas inlet 21201 allows medium temperature gas to flow to the medium Wen Jianxi to 2104, and the medium temperature gas after performing a heating operation is discharged out of the medium temperature gap 2104 through the first gas outlet 21202.

The second insulation 212 forms a medium high temperature gas inlet 21203 in communication with the medium high Wen Jianxi 2105 and a second gas outlet 21204 in communication with the medium high Wen Jianxi 2105. The medium-high temperature gas inlet 21203 allows medium-high temperature gas to pass to the medium-high Wen Jianxi, and the medium-high temperature gas after performing the heating operation is discharged from the medium-high Wen Jianxi 2105 through the second gas outlet 21204.

The second thermal barrier 212 forms a high temperature gas inlet 21205 in communication with the high temperature gap 2106 and a third gas outlet 21206 in communication with the high temperature gap 2106. The high temperature gas inlet 21205 allows high temperature gas to pass to the high temperature gap 2106, and the high temperature gas after performing a heating operation is discharged from the third gas outlet 21206 out of the high temperature gap 2106.

In this way, in the process that the feeding roller 22 conveys the dried sludge entering the pyrolysis chamber 21101 through the feeding port 2101 to one end of the pyrolysis furnace 21 forming the coke outlet 2102, the dried sludge enters the light oil removal zone 211011 first to be heated by the medium-temperature gas entering the medium-temperature gap 2104 through the medium-temperature gas inlet 21201, so that the light oil in the dried sludge is resolved; the dried sludge is then moved to the de-heavy oil zone 211012 to be heated by the medium-high temperature gas entering the medium-high Wen Jianxi 2105 through the medium-high temperature gas inlet 21203, so that heavy oil in the dried sludge is resolved; the finally dried sludge is moved to the carbonization zone 211013 to be heated by the high-temperature gas entering the high-temperature gap 2106 through the high-temperature gas inlet 21205, so that the dried sludge is carbonized to generate pyrolytic coke. The pyrolysis char is discharged from the pyrolysis chamber 21101 through the char outlet 2102, and the parsed light oil, heavy oil, and pyrolysis water are combined into a mixed gas at high temperature to be discharged from the pyrolysis chamber 21101 through the second mixed gas outlet 2103.

In a preferred embodiment, the first gas outlet 21202 is in communication with the gas inlet 111201 through a pipeline, so that the medium-temperature gas heated in the light oil removal zone 211011 enters the heating gap 11104 through the gas inlet 111201 to dry the sludge in the stirring chamber 11101, so that the waste heat of the medium-temperature gas after performing the heating operation can be continuously utilized.

As a variant, isothermal but unequal amounts of hot gas are introduced into the medium Wen Jianxi, medium high Wen Jianxi, 2105, and high temperature gap 2106 to provide for different levels of heating of the light oil removal zone 211011, heavy oil removal zone 211012, and carbonization zone 211013.

As another modified example, the middle Wen Jianxi, the middle height Wen Jianxi 2105, and the high-temperature gap 2106 may not be provided, and heating wires may be provided in the pyrolysis furnace 21 to heat the respective regions of the pyrolysis chamber 21101 to different extents.

Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace 21 is inclined to form a high end portion and a low end portion lower than the high end portion. The feed port 2101 is formed at the high end portion, and the coke outlet 2102 is formed at the low end portion. In this way, sludge in the pyrolysis chamber 21101 may move towards the coke outlet 2102 under the action of gravity, reducing the difficulty of pushing the feed roller 22.

Compared with the method that the high-temperature gas is directly communicated to the gap between the furnace body 211 and the second heat preservation 212, the sectional type heating furnace body 211 is adopted, so that the oil sludge can be prevented from being carbonized too early, the precipitation amount of pyrolysis oil is increased, and the energy consumption required by heating is reduced.

Referring to fig. 7, further, the sludge treatment apparatus further includes a gasification unit 30.

The gasification unit 30 includes a gasification furnace 31. The gasifier 31 forms at least a first inlet 3101, a slag hole 3102, a first air outlet 3103 and a second inlet 3104. The first inlet 3101 is in communication with the coke outlet 2102 via a pipe so that pyrolysis coke enters the gasifier 31 via the first inlet 3101. Gasifying agent is introduced into the gasifier 31 through the second inlet 3104, so that pyrolysis coke and gasifying agent undergo gasification reaction under gasification reaction conditions to generate ash and high-temperature synthesis gas. The generated ash may be discharged from the gasifier 31 through the slag hole 3102, and the high-temperature synthesis gas may be discharged from the gasifier 31 through the first air outlet 3103.

Preferably, the gasifying agent may be implemented as a gas such as oxygen, water vapor, air, carbon dioxide, or the like.

In an embodiment, the first air outlet 3103 may be in communication with the middle Wen Jianxi, the middle high Wen Jianxi, and the high-temperature gap 2106 through a pipeline, so that the high-temperature synthesis gas generated by gasification may heat the sludge in the pyrolysis chamber 21101, and the waste heat of the high-temperature synthesis gas generated by gasification is used for pyrolysis of the sludge.

Preferably, the gasification unit 30 further comprises a dust removal mechanism 32. The dust removing mechanism 32 is disposed in a communication pipeline between the first air outlet 3103 and the middle Wen Jianxi, the middle height Wen Jianxi, and the high-temperature gap 2106. The dust removing mechanism 32 forms a third inlet 3201, a discharge port 3202 and a dust discharge port 3203. The first air outlet 3103 is in communication with the third inlet 3201 via a pipeline, such that the high-temperature synthesis gas is introduced into the dust removing mechanism 32 via the third inlet 3201, so that dust doped in the synthesis gas is removed by the dust removing mechanism 32. The dust-removed synthesis gas is discharged out of the dust removing mechanism 32 through the discharge port 3202, and the dust is discharged out of the dust removing mechanism 32 through the dust discharge port 3203.

In one example, the dust removal mechanism 32 is implemented to include a high temperature dust remover.

In a variant embodiment, the discharge port 3202 communicates with the middle Wen Jianxi, the middle high Wen Jianxi 2105 and the high-temperature gap 2106 by pipes so that the waste heat of the dusted high-temperature synthesis gas can be used for sludge pyrolysis.

Preferably, the gasification unit 30 includes a gasification pretreatment mechanism 33. The gasification pretreatment mechanism 33 includes a pretreatment device main body 331 and a crushing member 332. The pretreatment device body 331 forms a crushing chamber 33101, a fourth inlet 33102 communicating with the crushing chamber 33101, and a discharge port 33103 communicating with the crushing chamber 33101. The fourth inlet 33102 communicates with the coke outlet 2102 for pyrolytic coke to enter the crushing chamber 33101. The crushing member 332 is mounted to the pretreatment apparatus body 331 in such a manner as to crush pyrolytic coke in the crushing chamber 33101. The discharge port 33103 communicates with the first inlet port 3101 through a pipe so that the crushed pyrolysis coke is charged into the gasification furnace 31, so that the pyrolysis coke can be sufficiently contacted with the gasifying agent in the gasification furnace 31 later, the gasification reaction between the pyrolysis coke and the gasifying agent is sufficient, and the time required for gasification of the pyrolysis coke is shortened.

In an example, the crushing member 332 is implemented to include a crushing roller and a motor that drives the crushing roller.

Preferably, the gasification pretreatment mechanism 33 further comprises a sieving member 333. The sifting member 333 is installed in the crushing chamber 33101 to sift out a predetermined size of pyrolytic coke, and then the predetermined size of pyrolytic coke is removed from the crushing chamber 33101 through the discharge port 33103.

In one example, the sieving member 333 is implemented to include a screen.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, further, the sludge treatment apparatus further includes a condensing unit 40.

The condensing unit 40 includes a condensing mechanism 41. The condensing mechanism 41 includes a condensing tower 411 and a plurality of spraying members 412.

The condensing tower 411 forms a condensing chamber 41101, a first inlet 41102 in communication with the condensing chamber 41101, a first outlet 41103 in communication with the condensing chamber 41101, and a vent 41104 in communication with the condensing chamber 41101. The first inlet 41102 is respectively connected to the first mixed gas outlet 11105 and the second mixed gas outlet 2103 through pipes, so that the mixed gas generated by heating the sludge in the stirring chamber 11101 and the pyrolysis chamber 21101 enters the condensation chamber 41101.

The spraying member 412 is installed in the condensation chamber 41101 to spray a condensation medium into the condensation chamber 41101, and the mixed gas introduced into the condensation chamber 41101 is condensed into a water-oil mixed liquid and a synthesis gas by the condensation medium. The water-oil mixed liquid is discharged from the condensation chamber 41101 through the first outlet 41103; synthesis gas exits the condensation chamber 41101 from the outlet 41104.

Preferably, the condensing unit 40 further comprises a cooling mechanism 42. The cooling mechanism 42 forms a second inlet 4201, a second outlet 4202, a cooling medium inlet 4203, and a cooling medium outlet 4204.

The second inlet 4201 may be in communication with the first outlet 41103 via a conduit, and the water-oil mixture resulting from condensation may enter the cooling mechanism 42 via the second inlet 4201 to be cooled by the cooling medium entering the cooling mechanism 42 via the cooling medium inlet 4203. The cooling medium after performing the cooling operation is discharged from the cooling medium outlet 4204. The second outlet 4202 is connected to the spraying member 412 through a pipe, and the cooled water-oil mixed liquid is sprayed by the spraying member 412 to be used as a condensing medium for condensing the mixed gas, so that the water-oil mixed liquid can be recycled without introducing the rest of the condensing medium. If the condensation is carried out by means of other condensing media, the condensing media are doped in the water-oil mixed liquid obtained by the condensation, so that the difficulty in separating the mixed liquid obtained by the condensation and the treatment cost are increased.

Preferably, the condensation tower 411 further forms a first sludge outlet 41105 at the bottom, which is in communication with the condensation chamber 41101, and the first sludge outlet 41105 is in communication with the oil tank 131 through a pipeline, so that the sludge doped in the condensed water-oil mixed liquid is precipitated and then discharged into the oil tank 131 through the first sludge outlet 41105 to be continuously processed.

In one example, the spray 412 is implemented as a spray head and the cooling medium is implemented as a water-oil mixture.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, further, the sludge treatment apparatus further includes a water-oil separation mechanism 50.

The water-oil separating mechanism 50 forms a mixed liquid inlet 5001, an oil outlet 5002 and a water outlet 5003. The mixed liquid inlet 5001 may be connected to the first outlet 41103 via a pipeline, so that the water-oil mixed liquid generated by condensation enters the water-oil separation mechanism 50 to perform a water-oil separation operation, and pyrolysis water and pyrolysis oil are separated. The separated pyrolysis oil may be discharged out of the water-oil separation mechanism 50 through the oil outlet 5002; the separated pyrolysis water may be discharged from the water-oil separation mechanism 50 through the water outlet 5003.

Preferably, the water-oil separating mechanism 50 further forms a second sludge outlet 5004. The second sludge discharge port 5004 is in communication with the oil storage tank 131 through a pipeline, so that sludge doped in the water-oil mixed liquid is discharged into the oil storage tank 131 through the second sludge discharge port 5004 after being precipitated to be continuously treated.

Referring to fig. 7, further, the sludge treatment apparatus further includes a heat exchange unit 60.

The heat exchange unit 60 includes a steam generating mechanism 61. The steam generating mechanism 61 forms a first liquid inlet 6101, a steam outlet 6102, a first hot gas inlet 6103 and a first hot gas outlet 6104.

The water outlet 5003 is connected to the first liquid inlet 6101 via a pipeline. The first hot gas inlet 6103 communicates with the discharge 3202 via a pipe. After pyrolysis water obtained by separating water from oil enters the steam generation mechanism 61, the pyrolysis water is heated to steam by the high-temperature synthesis gas generated by the gasification unit 30. The steam outlet 6102 is connected to the second inlet 3104 through a pipe, and the steam generated by the heat exchange is introduced into the gasifier 31 as a gasifying agent, so that the pyrolysis water generated by pyrolysis and the waste heat of the synthesis gas generated by gasification are utilized.

As another modified embodiment, the first hot gas outlet 6104 is respectively connected to the high temperature gas inlet 21205, the medium temperature gas inlet 21203, and the medium temperature gas inlet 21201 by pipes, so that the waste heat of the high temperature synthesis gas can be used in the pyrolysis of the sludge, and the waste heat of the synthesis gas can be fully utilized.

In one example, the steam generating mechanism 61 is implemented as a steam generator.

Preferably, the heat exchange unit 60 further includes a heat exchange mechanism 62. The heat exchange mechanism 62 is disposed in a pipeline that communicates between the water outlet 5003 and the first liquid inlet 6101. The heat exchanging mechanism 62 forms a second liquid inlet 6201, a second hot gas inlet 6202, a second hot gas outlet 6203 and a hot water outlet 6204.

The second liquid inlet 6201 is communicated with the water outlet 5003 through a pipeline, and the third gas outlet 21206 and the second gas outlet 21204 are both communicated with the second hot gas inlet 6202 through a pipeline. The pyrolysis water obtained by separating the water and oil enters the heat exchange mechanism 62 through the second liquid inlet 6201 before entering the steam generation mechanism 61, so that the pyrolysis water is heated into hot water by the medium-high temperature gas and the high-temperature gas after the heating operation is performed, and the waste heat of the medium-high temperature gas and the high-temperature gas can be utilized, so that the subsequent residence time in the steam generation mechanism 61 is shortened. The hot water outlet 6204 is communicated with the first liquid inlet 6101 through a pipeline, and then the high-temperature synthesis gas heats the hot water. The medium-high temperature gas and the high temperature gas after the heat exchange operation are discharged from the second hot gas inlet 6202.

The invention also provides a working method of the oil sludge treatment device, which comprises the following steps:

(A) : the sludge is passed to the pyrolysis unit 20 to be pyrolyzed, and pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis water are combined into a mixed gas at a high temperature.

(B) : the pyrolysis coke produced in the step (a) is gasified by the gasification furnace 31 to obtain high-temperature synthesis gas and ash.

(C) : the high temperature synthesis gas is led to the pyrolysis furnace 21 so that the waste heat of the synthesis gas produced by gasification is used for sludge pyrolysis.

Preferably, the pyrolysis coke obtained in step (a) is crushed and sieved by the gasification pretreatment mechanism 33 so that the pyrolysis coke can be sufficiently reacted with the gasifying agent in step (B).

Preferably, the high temperature synthesis gas produced in step (B) is dedusted by said dedusting mechanism 32 to reduce the dust content of the synthesis gas produced by gasification so that the synthesis gas is utilized and discharged.

In a preferred embodiment, the light oil removal zone 211011 is heated to 300-370 ℃ by high temperature syngas; the heavy oil removal zone 211012 is heated to 450-500 ℃ by high-temperature synthesis gas; the carbonization zone 211013 is heated to 550-600 ℃ by high-temperature synthesis gas.

Further, step (D) is included before step (a): the sludge is stirred and heated by the pretreatment unit 10 to remove part of water, so as to obtain sludge, water-oil mixed gas containing preset liquid content.

In one embodiment, the solid sludge is dried by the stirring mechanism 11.

Preferably, the solid sludge may be crushed and sieved by the solid sludge feeding mechanism 12 to obtain solid sludge particles with a predetermined size, so as to be dried uniformly in the stirring mechanism 11.

Further, the slurry sludge enters the stirring mechanism 11 to be mixed with the solid sludge, and is dried in the stirring mechanism 11.

Preferably, a part of the synthesis gas heated in the pyrolysis furnace 21 is led to the stirring mechanism 11, so that the waste heat of the synthesis gas is fully utilized.

In a preferred embodiment, the sludge in the stirring mechanism 11 is heated to 105-120 ℃.

Preferably, further comprising a step (E): the pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis water obtained in the step (a) are combined into a mixed gas at a high temperature, and the water-oil mixed gas obtained in the step (D) is led to the condensing mechanism 41 for condensation, so as to obtain a water-oil mixed liquid and synthesis gas.

Preferably, the condensed water-oil mixed liquid is led to the cooling mechanism 42 for cooling, and the cooled water-oil mixed liquid is used as a condensing medium to condense the mixed gas in the condensing mechanism 41.

It is noted that the sludge mixed in the water-oil mixed liquid obtained in the step (a) is led to the slurry sludge feeding mechanism 13 after being precipitated.

Further, the method also comprises a step (F): the water-oil mixed liquid obtained in the step (E) is led to the water-oil separation mechanism 50 for water-oil separation to obtain pyrolysis water and pyrolysis oil.

It should be noted that, in the step (E), the sludge doped with the water-oil mixture liquid introduced into the water-oil separation mechanism 50 is introduced into the slurry sludge feeding mechanism 13 after being precipitated.

Further, the method also comprises a step (G): the pyrolysis water obtained in the step (E) is passed to the steam generation mechanism 61 to perform heat exchange so that the pyrolysis water is heated to steam, and the obtained steam is passed to the gasification furnace 31 to be reused as a gasification agent.

In step (E), the high temperature syngas produced by the gasification unit 30 may be routed to the steam generation mechanism 61 for heat exchange with pyrolysis water as a heat exchange medium.

In a preferred embodiment, the high temperature synthesis gas after heat exchange with pyrolysis water is led to the pyrolysis furnace 21.

Preferably, step (G) is preceded by a step (H), and the pyrolysis water obtained in step (E) is led to the heat exchange mechanism 62, and the part of the synthesis gas heated in the pyrolysis furnace 21 heats the pyrolysis water obtained by separating the water from the oil, so as to obtain hot water, so that step (E) is performed subsequently.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are by way of example only and are not limiting. The advantages of the present invention have been fully and effectively realized. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples and embodiments of the invention may be modified or practiced without departing from the principles described.

Claims

1. The fatlute processing apparatus, its characterized in that, fatlute processing apparatus includes:

a pyrolysis unit, the pyrolysis unit comprising:

a feeding roller;

A belt rotation mechanism to which the feed roller is connected;

A pyrolysis furnace, the pyrolysis furnace comprising:

The furnace body forms a pyrolysis cavity, the pyrolysis furnace forms a feeding port communicated with the pyrolysis cavity, a coke outlet communicated with the pyrolysis cavity and a second mixed gas outlet communicated with the pyrolysis cavity, oil sludge enters the pyrolysis cavity through the feeding port, the feeding port and the coke outlet are respectively formed at two opposite ends of the pyrolysis furnace, and the feeding roller is rotatably mounted in the pyrolysis cavity in a manner of being driven by the belt rotating mechanism;

The gasification unit comprises a gasification furnace, wherein the gasification furnace is provided with at least one first inlet, one second inlet, one slag hole and one first air outlet, the first inlet is communicated with the coke outlet through a pipeline, pyrolysis coke enters the gasification furnace through the first inlet, gasifying agent is introduced into the gasification furnace through the second inlet, the pyrolysis coke and gasifying agent are subjected to gasification reaction under the gasification reaction condition to generate ash slag and high-temperature synthetic gas, the generated ash slag is discharged out of the gasification furnace through the slag hole, the first air outlet is communicated with the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through pipelines, and the high-temperature synthetic gas is led to the medium-temperature gap, the medium-high Wen Jianxi and the high-temperature gap through the first air outlet;

A pretreatment unit, the pretreatment unit comprising a stirring mechanism, the stirring mechanism comprising: a stirring roller;

A driving member to which the stirring roller is connected;

The stirring equipment body forms a stirring cavity, at least one first sludge inlet communicated with the stirring cavity and one first discharge port communicated with the stirring cavity, the first discharge port is communicated with the feed port through a pipeline, the stirring roller is rotatably installed in the stirring cavity in a manner of being driven to rotate by the driving member, the stirring roller driven to rotate by the driving member is used for stirring solid sludge thrown into the stirring cavity from the first sludge inlet, the stirred sludge is discharged from the first discharge port, the stirring equipment body comprises a stirring chamber and a first heat preservation layer, the stirring chamber forms the stirring cavity, the stirring chamber is installed in the first heat preservation layer in a contained mode, a heating gap is formed between the stirring chamber and the first heat preservation layer, the first heat preservation layer forms an air inlet communicated with the heating gap and an air outlet communicated with the heating gap, the stirring equipment body also forms a mixed gas outlet communicated with the first air inlet through the pipeline;

the stirring equipment main body forms at least one second oil sludge inlet communicated with the stirring cavity and used for throwing slurry oil sludge to be mixed with the solid oil sludge, and the slurry oil sludge is obtained by water-oil mixed liquid generated by condensing mixed gas output by the first mixed gas outlet and the second mixed gas outlet;

the water-oil separation mechanism forms a mixed liquid inlet, an oil outlet and a water outlet, water-oil mixed liquid generated by condensation enters the water-oil separation mechanism for water-oil separation, separated pyrolysis oil is discharged out of the water-oil separation mechanism through the oil outlet, and separated pyrolysis water is discharged out of the water-oil separation mechanism through the water outlet;

The heat exchange unit comprises a steam generating mechanism and a heat exchange mechanism, the heat exchange mechanism is provided with a second liquid inlet, a second hot gas outlet and a hot water outlet, the steam generating mechanism is provided with a first liquid inlet, a steam outlet, a first hot gas inlet and a first hot gas outlet, the second liquid inlet is communicated with a water outlet of the water-oil separation mechanism through a pipeline, the third gas outlet and the second gas outlet are communicated with the second hot gas inlet through pipelines, the hot water outlet is communicated with the first liquid inlet through a pipeline, the first hot gas inlet is communicated with a first air outlet of a gasifier through a pipeline, the first hot gas outlet is respectively communicated with the high-temperature gas inlet, the medium-temperature gas inlet is communicated with the medium-temperature gas inlet through a pipeline, and the steam outlet is communicated with the second inlet through a pipeline.

2. The sludge treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment unit further comprises a solid sludge feeding mechanism, the solid sludge feeding mechanism comprises a storage member, the storage member comprises a storage device body, the storage device body forms a storage cavity for storing solid sludge, and the storage cavity is communicated with the first sludge inlet through a pipeline.

3. The sludge treatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein the pretreatment unit further comprises a slurry sludge feeding mechanism, the slurry sludge feeding mechanism comprising an oil reservoir for storing slurry sludge, the oil reservoir being in communication with the second sludge inlet via a pipeline.

4. A sludge treatment apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein said solid sludge charging means further comprises a second weighing member connected to said storage member in a manner to measure the mass of solid sludge charged from said storage member into said mixing chamber at a single time, said slurry sludge charging means comprising a first weighing member connected to said storage tank in a manner to measure the mass of slurry sludge charged into said mixing chamber at a single time in said storage tank.

5. The sludge treatment apparatus of any one of claims 2 and 4, further comprising a condensing unit, the condensing unit comprising a condensing mechanism, the condensing mechanism comprising:

and the spraying pieces are arranged in the condensing cavity and are used for spraying condensing medium into the condensing cavity.

6. The sludge treatment apparatus of claim 5, wherein the condensing unit further comprises a cooling mechanism, the cooling mechanism forms a second inlet, a second outlet, a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet, the second inlet is communicated with the first outlet through a pipeline, the water-oil mixed liquid generated by condensation enters the cooling mechanism through the second inlet, the cooling medium enters the cooling mechanism through the cooling medium inlet, the cooling medium after the cooling operation is discharged from the cooling medium outlet, and the second outlet is communicated with the spraying member through a pipeline.

7. A method of operating a sludge treatment plant as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of: