CN117072062B - Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method - Google Patents
Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117072062B CN117072062B CN202310760500.4A CN202310760500A CN117072062B CN 117072062 B CN117072062 B CN 117072062B CN 202310760500 A CN202310760500 A CN 202310760500A CN 117072062 B CN117072062 B CN 117072062B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- rotor
- housing
- shaft
- directional drilling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/006—Mechanical motion converting means, e.g. reduction gearings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种旋转定向钻井工具、钻井管柱及钻井调控方法，该旋转定向钻井工具包括：工具外壳、内轴、转子、上密封活塞、下密封活塞和下活塞固定轴，内轴、转子和下活塞固定轴均设置于工具外壳内且依次分布，并设置有用于输送钻井液的流动通道，工具外壳内设置有与转子相配合的定子；上密封活塞和下密封活塞均设置于工具外壳内且分别与工具外壳的内壁密封配合；上密封活塞与下密封活塞之间形成内流体通道；工具外壳设置有分别与内流体通道连通的流体入口和流体出口，流体入口位于下密封活塞与转子之间，流体出口设置于上密封活塞与转子之间，解决了旋转导向钻井操作难度比较大的技术问题。
The present invention provides a rotary directional drilling tool, a drilling pipe and a drilling control method. The rotary directional drilling tool comprises: a tool housing, an inner shaft, a rotor, an upper sealing piston, a lower sealing piston and a lower piston fixed shaft. The inner shaft, the rotor and the lower piston fixed shaft are all arranged in the tool housing and are distributed in sequence, and are provided with a flow channel for conveying drilling fluid. A stator matching the rotor is arranged in the tool housing; the upper sealing piston and the lower sealing piston are both arranged in the tool housing and are respectively sealed with the inner wall of the tool housing; an internal fluid channel is formed between the upper sealing piston and the lower sealing piston; the tool housing is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet respectively connected to the internal fluid channel, the fluid inlet is located between the lower sealing piston and the rotor, and the fluid outlet is arranged between the upper sealing piston and the rotor, thereby solving the technical problem that the rotary directional drilling operation is relatively difficult.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, in particular to a rotary directional drilling tool, a drilling tubular column and a drilling regulation method.
Background
Directional drilling refers to drilling techniques that drill according to a pre-designed well deviation and azimuth to achieve an intended borehole trajectory. The existing directional drilling technology can be divided into a sliding directional drilling technology and a rotary directional drilling technology according to different working modes of a guiding tool. The sliding directional drilling technology and the rotary directional drilling technology have different application ranges, so that different drilling modes are selected according to different working conditions in the drilling process, and the necessity is provided. The rotary steering drilling technology is high in price, is only suitable for being used in key wells and high-benefit blocks, and is used in relatively stable areas of reservoirs, and sliding orientation is still used as a main directional drilling mode. With the increase of the horizontal section, the friction resistance is larger and the pressure bearing problem is obvious in the traditional sliding directional drilling process. Aiming at the problems of high cost of the rotary directional drilling technology, limited length of the horizontal section of the traditional sliding directional drilling and the like, a novel rotary directional drilling regulation and control tool and a regulation and control method need to be developed.
Chinese patent CN108868604B discloses a mechanical downhole torque separating and transmitting tool, which is based on a conventional bent screw lower drilling tool assembly, and the tool is installed on a drill string, and the drill string rotary directional drilling is realized by separating the torque by the tool. The tool can replace a rotary steering drilling system to realize rotary drill string directional drilling, and is used for directional drilling of wells with complex structures such as directional wells, horizontal wells, large-displacement wells and the like. But only rotary drilling.
The invention patent CN111411904B discloses an underground torque clutch type well drilling drag reducing device based on RFID, ground control signals are transmitted through radio frequency balls, an integral gear pair structure is adopted, so that an inner gear and an outer gear can be meshed and separated through up-and-down movement, the defect that a separate jaw clutch is easy to wear is overcome, meanwhile, the defect that random and effective meshing of a mechanical clutch structure cannot be guaranteed is overcome, and the reliability and stability of a clutch system are improved. But requires the use of RFID technology, adding to the operational difficulties.
The invention patent CN105525871B discloses a hydraulic torque converter, and provides a hydraulic torque converter which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, high control precision and convenient operation. When the direction of the tool face needs to be changed in the drilling process, the rotation speed of the drill string is increased, the rotation speed of the central shaft is increased along with the connection of the drill string and the central shaft, the central shaft is connected with the torque generator, the clockwise torque output by the torque generator is increased along with the increase of the input rotation speed, when the generated clockwise torque is larger than the anticlockwise torque transmitted by the bottom drilling tool assembly, the bottom drilling tool assembly can rotate clockwise, when the tool face rotates to the designed direction, the rotation speed of the drill string is reduced, the output torque of the torque generator is reduced, and when rock is broken through drilling, the drill string rotation speed is controlled so that the output torque of the torque generator is equal to the reactive torque of the bottom drilling tool assembly, and the guiding drilling construction can be carried out. But presents difficulties in operation due to the need to identify tool face angle changes during drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotary directional drilling tool, a drilling tubular column and a drilling regulation and control method, so as to solve the technical problem that the difficulty of rotary directional drilling operation is high.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a rotary directional drilling tool, which comprises a tool shell, an inner shaft, a rotor, an upper sealing piston, a lower sealing piston and a lower piston fixing shaft, wherein the inner shaft, the rotor and the lower piston fixing shaft are all arranged in the tool shell and are sequentially distributed, the inner shaft, the rotor and the lower piston fixing shaft are connected to rotate together, a flow channel for conveying drilling fluid is arranged, and a stator matched with the rotor is arranged in the tool shell;
the upper sealing piston and the lower sealing piston are arranged in the tool shell and are respectively in sealing fit with the inner wall of the tool shell;
The upper sealing piston is sleeved outside the inner shaft and is positioned above the rotor, the lower sealing piston is sleeved outside the lower piston fixing shaft and is positioned below the rotor, and an inner fluid channel is formed between the upper sealing piston and the lower sealing piston;
The tool housing is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet in communication with the inner fluid passage, respectively, the fluid inlet being located between the lower seal piston and the rotor, the fluid outlet being located between the upper seal piston and the rotor.
In a preferred embodiment, the rotary directional drilling tool comprises a nozzle mechanism disposed within the inner fluid passage above the rotor, the fluid within the inner fluid passage flowing at least partially through the nozzle mechanism.
In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle mechanism comprises a nozzle seat, the nozzle seat is sleeved outside the inner shaft and fixedly connected to the tool shell, and the nozzle seat is provided with a through hole penetrating up and down.
In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle holder is in sealing engagement with an outer wall of the inner shaft, and an outer wall of the nozzle holder is in sealing engagement with an inner wall of the tool housing.
In a preferred embodiment, the nozzle holder is provided with a plurality of said through holes, at least one of which is provided with a pressure nozzle.
In a preferred embodiment, the rotary directional drilling tool comprises a plurality of said nozzle mechanisms arranged longitudinally spaced apart.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner shaft comprises an upper piston fixing shaft, a central shaft and a lower central shaft, the upper piston fixing shaft, the central shaft and the lower central shaft are sequentially distributed and connected, the upper sealing piston is sleeved outside the upper piston fixing shaft, and the nozzle seat is sleeved outside the central shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, the tool housing comprises an upper fixed shaft housing, a differential pressure control assembly housing and a lower piston housing which are sequentially distributed, and the nozzle seat is fixedly connected with the differential pressure control assembly housing and in sealing fit.
In a preferred embodiment, the tool housing comprises a stator housing connected to the upper end of the lower piston housing, the stator being arranged in the stator housing, the stator and the rotor being provided with cooperating screw structures, respectively.
In a preferred embodiment, the rotary directional drilling tool comprises a diverter cone disposed within the inner fluid passage between the rotor and the nozzle holder, and the diverter cone sleeve is disposed outside the lower central shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, the inner shaft comprises a transmission shaft, a water cap, an internal adapter, a universal shaft and a runner adapter which are distributed in sequence, and the lower end of the runner adapter is connected with the upper piston fixing shaft.
In a preferred embodiment, a bearing is provided between the inner wall of the tool housing and the drive shaft.
The invention provides a drilling string which comprises a lower drilling tool and the rotary directional drilling tool, wherein the lower drilling tool is connected to the lower end of the rotary directional drilling tool.
The invention provides a drilling regulation and control method, which adopts the rotary directional drilling tool, and comprises the step of regulating the rotating speed of a rotor to regulate and control the output torque for driving a tool shell to rotate.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
The inner shaft can be rigidly connected with the upper drilling tool, during the rotation of the rotor, part of drilling fluid in the annulus between the tool shell and the well wall is sucked into the inner fluid channel through the fluid inlet, the drilling fluid entering the inner fluid channel flows through the annulus between the rotor and the stator, and mechanical energy is transmitted to the tool shell through the stator, so that driving torque of the tool shell is generated. By adjusting the magnitude of the driving torque transmitted to the stator tool housing by the screw rotor, the switching between the "off" state and the "on" state of the upper drilling tool and the lower drilling tool is completed, and the movement state of the lower drilling tool is completely dependent on the result of the competition between the driving torque and the bottom reaction torque of the tool housing.
The rotary directional drilling tool can enable the upper drill column to move relatively relative to the bottom lower drilling tool assembly, and in the non-directional state, the drill column rotates to drill, the lower drilling tool assembly rotates to drill relatively to the upper drill column, so that the rotary directional drilling tool is compound drilling, and in the directional drilling state, the drill column rotates to drill, and the lower drilling tool assembly slides to drill. The rotary directional drilling tool can realize the conversion between the off state and the on state directly according to the comparison between the reactive torque of the bent screw rod at the bottom of the well and the torque generated by the hydraulic clutch control device in the tool without identifying the tool face angle, has lower operation difficulty, does not use an electrical signal technology, and has higher working reliability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a rotary directional drilling tool provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotary directional drilling tool according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an upper portion of a driveshaft assembly in the rotary directional drilling tool shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a lower portion of a drive shaft assembly in the rotary steerable drilling tool of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the differential pressure control assembly of the rotary directional drilling tool of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the screw assembly of the rotary directional drilling tool of FIG. 2;
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a nozzle mechanism in a rotary directional drilling tool according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
101. 102, inner shaft 103, flow channel;
110. A fluid channel 111, a fluid inlet 112, a fluid outlet;
1. the transmission shaft, 2, upper TC bearing inner ring, 3, upper TC bearing outer ring;
4. a drive shaft housing;
5. The bearing comprises a bearing outer positioning piece, a bearing inner positioning piece A, a bearing inner positioning piece B and a bearing outer positioning piece B;
8. a serial bearing;
9. 10, the inner ring of the lower TC bearing;
11. A water cap, a 12-way internal adapter;
13. A universal shaft;
14. A cardan shaft housing;
15. a runner adapter;
16. An upper piston fixed shaft 17, an upper sealing piston;
18. an upper stationary shaft housing;
19. A central shaft; 20, a differential pressure control assembly shell, 21, a fixing screw;
22. Nozzle mechanism 221, nozzle seat 222, through hole;
23. A split cone;
24. a lower central shaft;
25. A lower center shaft housing;
26. 261, stator;
27. A rotor;
28. 29, lower sealing piston;
30. a lower piston housing.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Scheme one
The invention provides a rotary directional drilling tool, which comprises a tool shell 101, an inner shaft 102, a rotor, an upper sealing piston, a lower sealing piston 29 and a lower piston fixing shaft 28, wherein the inner shaft 102, the rotor and the lower piston fixing shaft 28 are arranged in the tool shell 101 and sequentially distributed, the inner shaft 102, the rotor and the lower piston fixing shaft 28 are connected for rotation together and are provided with a flow channel 103 for conveying drilling fluid, a stator 261 matched with the rotor is arranged in the tool shell 101, the upper sealing piston and the lower sealing piston 29 are arranged in the tool shell 101 and respectively matched with the inner wall of the tool shell 101 in a sealing way, the upper sealing piston is sleeved outside the inner shaft 102 and is positioned above the rotor, the lower sealing piston 29 is sleeved outside the lower piston fixing shaft 28 and is positioned below the rotor 27, an inner fluid channel 110 is formed between the upper sealing piston 17 and the lower sealing piston 29, the tool shell 101 is provided with a fluid inlet 111 and a fluid outlet 112 which are respectively communicated with the inner fluid channel 110, the fluid inlet 111 is positioned between the lower sealing piston 29 and the rotor, and the fluid outlet 112 is arranged between the upper sealing piston and the rotor.
The inner shaft 102 can be rigidly connected to the upper drill string for transmitting rotation of the upper drill string to the rotor, and the tool housing 101 is rigidly connected to the lower bottom hole assembly. During rotation of the rotor, a portion of the drilling fluid in the annulus between the tool housing 101 and the borehole wall is pumped into the inner fluid passage 110 through the fluid inlet 111, and the drilling fluid entering the inner fluid passage 110 flows through the annulus between the rotor and the stator 261 and transfers mechanical energy to the tool housing 101 through the stator 261, creating a driving torque for the tool housing 101. By adjusting the amount of drive torque that the rotor transmits to the stator 261 and the tool housing 101, the transition between the "off" state and the "on" state of the upper and lower drills is accomplished, the state of movement of the lower drill being entirely dependent on the result of the competing drive torque and bottom reaction torque of the tool housing 101.
The rotary directional drilling tool can enable the upper drilling column to move relatively relative to the lower drilling tool combination, and when the rotary directional drilling tool is not directional, the drill column rotates to drill, the lower drilling tool combination rotates to drill relatively to the upper drilling column, so that the rotary directional drilling tool is composite drilling, and when the rotary directional drilling tool is directional, the drill column rotates to drill, and the lower drilling tool combination slides to drill. The rotary directional drilling tool can realize the conversion between the off state and the on state directly according to the comparison between the reactive torque of the bent screw rod at the bottom of the well and the torque generated by the hydraulic clutch control device in the tool without identifying the tool face angle, has lower operation difficulty, does not use an electrical signal technology, and has higher working reliability.
Part of the drilling fluid in the annulus enters the inner fluid passage 110 through the fluid inlet 111 and flows upwards in the inner fluid passage 110, is discharged from the fluid outlet 112 and returns to the annulus, and the pressure of the drilling fluid decreases during the flow in the inner fluid passage 110, i.e. a pressure difference exists between the fluid inlet 111 and the fluid outlet 112. The pressure of the drilling fluid may drop during upward flow due to the configuration of the fluid inlet 111, the fluid outlet 112, and the inner fluid passage 110.
In some embodiments, the rotary directional drilling tool includes a nozzle mechanism disposed within the inner fluid passage 110 above the rotor, the fluid within the inner fluid passage 110 at least partially flowing through the nozzle mechanism, and the drilling fluid within the inner fluid passage 110 flowing through the nozzle mechanism creates a pressure drop that facilitates increasing the pressure drop of the drilling fluid flowing through the inner fluid passage 110. Preferably, the fluid in the fluid channel 110 passes through the nozzle mechanism.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the nozzle mechanism includes a nozzle holder 221, the nozzle holder 221 is sleeved outside the inner shaft 102 and is fixedly connected to the tool housing 101, the nozzle holder 221 is provided with a through hole 222 penetrating up and down, and drilling fluid in the inner fluid channel 110 can flow upwards through the channel. Further, the nozzle holder 221 is in sealing fit with the outer wall of the inner shaft 102, and the outer wall of the nozzle holder 221 is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the tool housing 101, so that the drilling fluid in the inner fluid channel 110 needs to flow upwards through the through hole 222 of the nozzle holder 221, which is beneficial to regulating and controlling the pressure drop of the drilling fluid through the nozzle mechanism.
In an embodiment, the nozzle holder 221 is provided with a plurality of through holes 222, at least one through hole 222 is provided with a pressure nozzle, a pressure drop is generated during the flow of drilling fluid in the inner fluid channel 110 through the nozzle, and the plurality of pressure nozzles may be arranged in a ring shape. Preferably, the rotary directional drilling tool comprises a plurality of nozzle mechanisms, as shown in fig. 5, arranged longitudinally spaced apart. The nozzle is narrowed by the internal flow surface accumulation, resulting in a relatively large pressure drop.
The plurality of nozzle mechanisms control the pressure drop across the fluid passage 110 to control the pressure differential across the inlet and outlet of the annular region between the stator 261 and the rotor, and thus the drive torque of the tool housing 101. The nozzle mechanism is provided with a number of pressure nozzles, and the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the annular region between the stator 261 and the rotor can be controlled by adjusting the number of nozzle mechanisms, or the number of pressure nozzles installed in the nozzle mechanism, or the diameter of the center hole of the pressure nozzle.
Further, the tool housing 101 includes a differential pressure control assembly housing 20, the nozzle mechanism is located within the differential pressure control assembly housing 20, and the nozzle holder 221 is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the differential pressure control assembly housing 20.
In one embodiment, the rotary directional drilling tool includes a diverter cone disposed within the inner fluid channel 110 between the rotor and the nozzle carrier 221, and the diverter cone is disposed within the differential pressure control assembly housing 20. The surface of the split cone is uniformly provided with a plurality of fluid through holes, and the split cone can adopt the prior art.
As shown in fig. 4 to 5, the inner shaft 102 includes an upper piston fixing shaft, a central shaft and a lower central shaft, which are sequentially distributed and connected, the upper sealing piston is sleeved outside the upper piston fixing shaft, the nozzle holder 221 is sleeved outside the central shaft, and the split cone is sleeved outside the lower central shaft. The tool housing 101 includes an upper stationary shaft housing, a differential pressure control assembly housing, and a lower piston housing 30, which are sequentially arranged, and a nozzle holder 221 fixedly coupled to the differential pressure control assembly housing and in sealing engagement.
As shown in fig. 6, the tool housing 101 includes a stator housing 26 connected to an upper end of the lower piston housing 30, and a stator 261 is provided to an inner wall of the stator housing 26, preferably, the stator 261 is integrally formed with the stator housing 26. In an embodiment, the stator 261 and the rotor are respectively provided with a matched screw structure, specifically, the rotor is a screw as shown in fig. 6, the stator 261 is matched with the screw, and the stator 261 and the rotor form the screw mechanism.
In one embodiment, the inner shaft 102 includes a drive shaft, a water cap, an internal adapter, a universal shaft, and a fluid passage adapter, which are sequentially disposed, and the lower end of the fluid passage adapter is connected to the upper piston fixing shaft as shown in fig. 3 to 6. The water cap, the internal adapter and the fluid adapter are all fluid channels of drilling fluid in the tool, and as the rotor rotates and revolves in the rotating process, the influence of the revolution of the rotor on the central shaft can be eliminated through the connection of the universal shaft.
Further, bearings are provided between the inner wall of the tool housing 101 and the drive shaft, specifically, the bearings include TC bearings (i.e., cemented carbide bearings) and tandem bearings.
The drive shaft, the central shaft and the rotor each have a central bore for providing a flow passage 103 for drilling fluid downwardly within the tool. The fluid inlet 111 and the fluid outlet 112 communicate with the inner fluid passage 110 of the drill string and the wellbore annulus, respectively, for the ingress and egress of annulus fluids.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the bearing, the drive shaft with a central bore, the universal shaft, the transition joint, the flow joint, the upper seal piston, the upper piston stationary shaft with a central bore, the upper stationary shaft housing with a fluid outlet 112 form a drive shaft assembly for isolating the rotational movement of the upper and lower tools and separating the fluid within the drill pipe from the annulus.
As shown in fig. 6, the stator 261, hollow rotor, lower piston stationary shaft 28, lower piston housing with fluid inlet 111 and lower seal piston form a screw assembly.
As shown in fig. 5, the central shaft with the central hole, the differential pressure control housing, the nozzle mechanism, and the lower central shaft constitute a differential pressure control assembly. The nozzle mechanism can control the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the screw mechanism, so as to control the torque transmitted by the rotor to the stator shell.
Specifically, the transmission shaft is assembled in the transmission shaft shell by the lower TC bearing outer ring and the lower TC bearing inner ring, the serial bearing is assembled at the upper ends of the lower TC bearing outer ring and the lower TC bearing inner ring, the upper TC bearing inner ring is assembled with the transmission shaft, then the bearing inner positioning piece A and the bearing inner positioning piece B are assembled with the transmission shaft, wherein the bearing inner positioning piece A is of a detachable structure and is convenient to assemble, the upper TC bearing outer ring is assembled on the transmission shaft shell, the transmission shaft is assembled with the transmission shaft shell, and the water cap is assembled with the lower TC bearing inner ring.
The lower end of the water cap is connected with the adapter, the universal shaft is assembled at the lower end of the internal adapter, the runner adapter is assembled at the lower end of the universal shaft, the lower end of the runner adapter is connected with the upper piston fixing shaft, the lower end of the transmission shaft shell is sequentially connected with the universal shaft shell and the upper fixing shaft shell, the upper sealing piston 17 is installed in an annular area between the upper piston fixing shaft and the tool shell 101, the side wall of the upper fixing shaft shell 18 is provided with holes, and the upper sealing piston is used as a fluid outlet 112 after annular fluid of a drill string and a well wall flows through the tool.
The rotary directional drilling tool can be connected with an upper drilling tool, and a lower drilling tool combination, an MWD, a bent screw rod and a drill bit. The upper drilling tool is connected with the transmission shaft 1 in a lower mode, the transmission shaft 1 is connected with the upper TC bearing inner ring 2 in a lower mode, the upper TC bearing inner ring 2 is connected with the upper TC bearing outer ring 3 in an external mode, the upper TC bearing inner ring 2 is connected with the inner bearing positioning piece A6 in a lower mode, the upper TC bearing outer ring 3 is connected with the transmission shaft housing 4 and the outer bearing positioning piece 5 in a lower mode, the inner bearing positioning piece A6 is connected with the inner bearing positioning piece B7 in a lower mode, the inner bearing positioning piece B7 and the outer bearing positioning piece 5 in a lower mode are connected with the serial bearing 8 in a lower mode, the serial bearing 8 is connected with the lower TC bearing outer ring 9 and the lower TC bearing inner ring 10 in a lower mode, the transmission shaft 1 is connected with the lower TC bearing inner ring 10 in a lower mode through a water cap 11, the transmission shaft housing 4 is connected with the universal shaft housing 14 in a lower mode, the universal shaft housing 14 is connected with the upper fixed shaft housing 18 in a lower mode, the water cap 11 is connected with the inner adapter 12 in a lower mode, the universal shaft 13 is connected with the runner adapter 15 in a lower mode, the runner adapter 15 is connected with an upper piston fixing shaft 16 below, an upper sealing piston 17 is arranged in an annular area of the upper piston fixing shaft 16 and an upper fixing shaft shell 18, the upper piston fixing shaft 16 is connected with a central shaft 19 below, the central shaft 19 is provided with a diversion cone 23 below and is connected with a lower central shaft 24, the upper fixing shaft shell 18 is sequentially connected with a differential pressure control assembly shell 20 and a lower central shaft shell 25 below, a plurality of nozzle mechanisms 22 are arranged in an annular space between the central shaft 19 and the differential pressure control assembly shell 20, the nozzle mechanisms 22 are fixed by using fixing screws 21, a rotor 27 is connected with the lower central shaft 24 and is connected with a stator shell 26 outside, a rotor 27 is connected with a lower piston fixing shaft 28 outside the lower sealing piston 29, the lower sealing piston 29 is connected with a lower piston shell 30 outside the lower bottom hole assembly, and the MWD, a bent screw and a drill bit.
The transmission shaft assembly is assembled by a transmission shaft 1, an upper TC bearing inner ring 2, an upper TC bearing outer ring 3, a transmission shaft shell 4, a bearing outer positioning piece 5, a bearing inner positioning piece A6, a bearing inner positioning piece B7, a serial bearing 8, a lower TC bearing outer ring 9, a lower TC bearing inner ring 10, a water cap 11, an inner adapter 12, a universal shaft 13, a runner adapter 15, an upper piston fixed shaft 16, a universal shaft shell 14, an upper sealing piston 17 and an upper fixed shaft shell 18. When the upper drilling tool rotates, the transmission shaft assembly is driven by the upper drill string to rotate, so that the central shaft 19 and the lower central shaft 24 are driven to rotate, and the transmission shaft assembly is driven by the screw assembly to rotate.
Specifically, a central shaft 19 in the differential pressure control assembly is connected to the lower end of an upper piston fixed shaft 16, a lower central shaft 24 is connected below the central shaft, the lower end of an upper fixed shaft shell is connected to the differential pressure control assembly shell and the lower central shaft shell in sequence, a plurality of nozzle mechanisms 22 are installed in an annular area between the central shaft and a tool shell 101, threaded holes are formed in the surface of the tool shell 101, and the fixing of the nozzle mechanisms is achieved through screws.
Specifically, a hollow rotor 27 inside the screw assembly is connected with a lower central shaft 24, the lower end of the hollow rotor is connected with a lower piston fixing shaft 28, the lower end of a lower central shaft housing 25 is sequentially connected with a stator 261 and a lower piston housing 30, the side wall of the lower piston housing 30 is provided with a hole as a drill rod and well wall annular fluid inlet 111, and a lower sealing piston 29 is arranged in an annular area between the lower piston fixing shaft and the tool housing 101. The rotor 27, stator housing 26, lower piston stationary shaft 28, lower seal piston 29 and lower piston housing 30 comprise a screw assembly.
The drive shaft is rigidly connected to the upper drill string for transmitting rotation of the upper drill string to the rotor of the screw assembly, and the bearing set is used to isolate the tool housing 101 from rotation of the tool inner drive shaft and rotor, the tool housing 101 being rigidly connected to the lower bottom hole assembly. During the rotation of the rotor, part of the drilling fluid in the annulus between the drill string and the well wall is pumped into the tool, and the rotor transmits mechanical energy to the tool housing 101 through the drilling fluid entering the tool to generate driving torque of the tool housing 101. By adjusting the amount of drive torque transferred from the rotor to the stator housing, the switching between the "off" and "on" states of the upper and lower drills is accomplished, the state of movement of the lower drill being entirely dependent on the result of the competing drive torque and bottom reaction torque of the tool housing 101.
The specific working process of the rotary directional drilling tool comprises the following steps:
Mud pumped into the well from the surface system passes down through the central bore in the tool and through the drill bit into the annular region of the drill string and the borehole wall. When the upper drilling tool is stationary and not rotating, most of the mud in the annulus flows upward through the annulus. Similar to conventional motors, rotary directional drilling control tools also have positive displacement power ends so that when the upper tool is rotated at a certain rotational speed, a certain amount of mud in the annulus of the drill string and well wall is drawn through the cavity between the rotor 27 and stator 261 and flows through the screw assembly (the remainder of the mud flowing through the annulus of the drill string and well wall). Thus, a certain pressure differential is generated between the inlet and the outlet of the screw assembly of the rotary directional drilling regulating tool. The pressure differential may create a driving torque due to rotation of the upper drill, which is the reaction torque to balance the drilling of the lower drilling motor.
The nozzle mechanism is used to adjust the pressure differential across the screw assembly and mud entering the interior of the tool is returned to the annulus of the drill string and the borehole wall through the fluid outlet 112 of the upper stationary shaft housing 18 of the tool after flowing through the tool, so that no mud is lost in the interior of the tool. The rotational speed at which the rotary directional drilling control tool produces a drive torque equal to the lower screw counter torque is referred to as the static drive speed. The reactive torque produced by drilling is different from formation to formation and the pressure nozzles of the nozzle mechanism 22 may be selected at the surface to produce the desired drive torque to set the static drive speed. The nozzle mechanism can control the pressure difference at two ends of the screw assembly, so as to control the driving torque generated by the tool. The rotary directional drilling tool realizes annular split-flow type hydraulic coupling rotary directional drilling regulation and control.
Scheme II
The invention provides a drilling string which comprises a lower drilling tool and the rotary directional drilling tool, wherein the lower drilling tool is connected to the lower end of the rotary directional drilling tool. The drill string has the features and advantages of the rotary directional drilling tool described above and will not be described in detail herein.
Scheme III
The invention provides a drilling regulation method, which adopts the rotary directional drilling tool, and comprises the step of regulating the rotating speed of a rotor to regulate the output torque of the rotation of a driving tool shell 101. The well drilling regulation and control method has the characteristics and the beneficial effects of the rotary directional drilling tool, and is not repeated here.
The drill bit is subjected to reaction torque (reaction torque) of stratum during rock breaking and drilling, the reaction torque is mainly determined by stratum conditions, weight on bit, torque, rotating speed and other factors, the direction of the reaction torque is opposite to the driving torque direction of the tool shell 101, and a drilling tool between the tool and the drill bit is subjected to the action of friction torque, and the direction of the friction torque is always opposite to the moving direction or the moving trend direction of the tool shell 101. In consideration of the above situation, in the drilling regulation and control method, when the rotation speed of the rotor is regulated, the driving torque transmitted to the stator shell through the drilling fluid entering the tool is ensured to be larger than the reactive torque received by the drill bit, the lower drilling tool rotates together with the upper drilling column and is in a 'combined' state, the drilling tool enters a composite drilling state, when the driving torque of the stator shell is smaller than the reactive torque received by the drill bit, the lower drilling tool cannot rotate and is in a 'separated' state, the drilling tool enters a directional drilling state, in the directional drilling state, the reactive torque of the lower drilling bit fluctuates, and the friction torque can play a role of stabilizing the movement state of the tool shell 101, so that the tool keeps the 'separated' state.
The rotary speed of the upper drilling tool is controlled on the ground to drive the rotor of the screw assembly to rotate, and in the process of rotating the rotor, the screw assembly pumps fluid in the annular space between the drill string and the well wall, so that part of fluid in the annular space between the drill string and the well wall enters the tool, the screw assembly can be equivalent to a screw pump, pumps and boosts the fluid entering the tool, a high-pressure cavity is formed at the tail end of the screw assembly, mechanical energy is converted into hydraulic energy, the fluid entering the tool passes through the nozzle mechanism, the pressure is reduced, and the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy of the tool housing 101, so that output torque for driving the tool housing 101 to rotate is generated.
The calculation model of the driving torque is as formula 1:
Where M 1 is the output torque of the tool, Q 1 is the flow of fluid into the tool, Δp 1 is the pressure of the fluid rise into the screw assembly, n 1 is the screw assembly rotor speed, n 2 is the screw assembly housing speed, η p is the screw assembly volumetric efficiency.
Q1＝Q-Q2 (2)
Wherein Q is the total flow of the drill string and the well wall annulus, and Q 2 is the flow of the residual fluid of the drill string and the well wall annulus.
Δp1＝Δp2-Δp3 (3)
Wherein Δp 2 is the pressure drop of fluid entering the interior of the tool through the nozzle assembly, and Δp 3 is the pressure drop of annular fluid of the drill string and the well wall during the process of flowing through the inlet and outlet of the tool.
The magnitude of the output torque is determined mainly by the flow rate of the fluid entering the tool and the pressure rise of the screw assembly to the fluid, the flow rate entering the tool is determined by the rotation speed difference of the rotor of the screw assembly and the tool shell 101, and the pressure rise of the screw assembly to the fluid is determined by the pressure drop of the fluid passing through the nozzle assembly and the pressure drop of the annular fluid of the drill string and the well wall. In the working process, the output torque is regulated by regulating the rotating speed and the flow of the rotor, the output torque of the tool competes with the reactive torque of the tool below, when the output torque converted from the rotating speed of the upper drilling tool is larger than the reactive torque of the tool below the tool, the lower drilling tool is driven to rotate to form composite drilling, and when the output torque converted from the rotating speed of the upper drilling tool is smaller than or equal to the reactive torque of the tool below the tool, the lower drilling tool does not rotate to form directional drilling.
The foregoing is merely a few embodiments of the present invention and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the disclosure herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310760500.4A CN117072062B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310760500.4A CN117072062B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN117072062A CN117072062A (en) | 2023-11-17 |
| CN117072062B true CN117072062B (en) | 2025-06-13 |
Family
ID=88706813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310760500.4A Active CN117072062B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN117072062B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104213829A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-17 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | gas drilling underground power drilling tool |
| CN115012823A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Composite and sliding coupling directional drilling regulation and control tool and regulation and control method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6439325B1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2002-08-27 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Drilling apparatus with motor-driven pump steering control |
| CN110029937B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-08-28 | 西南石油大学 | Screw-Driven Rotary Steering Drilling Tools |
| CN115788300A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-14 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Continuous rotating sliding drilling method |
| CN116044921A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-02 | 弗润联科(北京)石油科技有限公司 | Underground hydraulic clutch for mechanical rotary guiding and working method |
| CN116291247B (en) * | 2023-02-27 | 2025-03-21 | 西南石油大学 | A composite steering tool and method based on drill string speed control |
-
2023
- 2023-06-26 CN CN202310760500.4A patent/CN117072062B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104213829A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-17 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | gas drilling underground power drilling tool |
| CN115012823A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-06 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Composite and sliding coupling directional drilling regulation and control tool and regulation and control method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117072062A (en) | 2023-11-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2022083601A1 (en) | Short-radius drilling tool, high-stability track-controllable flexible drilling tool, and method | |
| CA2461201C (en) | An inverted motor for drilling | |
| US6173794B1 (en) | Downhole mud motor transmission | |
| CN110029937B (en) | Screw-Driven Rotary Steering Drilling Tools | |
| WO2023245945A1 (en) | Compound drilling and slide drilling combined directional drilling control tool and method | |
| US11326400B2 (en) | Drillable adaptive turbine guide shoe | |
| CN102900364B (en) | Static pointing type rotary guiding drilling tool | |
| CN106948760A (en) | A kind of coiled tubing drilling small size hydraulic oscillation resistance absorber | |
| CN114961568B (en) | A multi-directional oscillating impact screw drilling tool | |
| CN109025821B (en) | A hybrid high build rate rotary steerable drilling tool | |
| US5911284A (en) | Downhole mud motor | |
| CN114293913B (en) | A tool and method for downhole friction and drag reduction based on mechanical decoupling | |
| CN114718443A (en) | Drilling tool, drilling method and drilling steering method | |
| WO2022228397A1 (en) | Rotary steerable drilling tool | |
| WO2022033610A1 (en) | Short radius, controllable track drilling tool and composite guiding and drilling tool | |
| CN114673444B (en) | Flexible screw drilling tools and drilling methods | |
| CN115929196A (en) | A reaction torque automatic balancing device for screw rod drilling tool | |
| CN217380415U (en) | Negative pressure pulse generator for hydraulic oscillator | |
| WO2023020540A1 (en) | Self-vibrating drilling flexible drilling tool | |
| CN117072062B (en) | Rotary directional drilling tool, drilling pipe string and drilling control method | |
| CN115387729A (en) | Directional drilling drill column rotation controller | |
| CN107060638B (en) | Power device for changing drill bit movement | |
| CN116291247B (en) | A composite steering tool and method based on drill string speed control | |
| CN116044921A (en) | Underground hydraulic clutch for mechanical rotary guiding and working method | |
| CN109538124A (en) | Ramp type impeller hydroscillator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |