CN117097131A - Protection method and protection device for controllable commutation converter - Google Patents
Protection method and protection device for controllable commutation converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN117097131A CN117097131A CN202210518256.6A CN202210518256A CN117097131A CN 117097131 A CN117097131 A CN 117097131A CN 202210518256 A CN202210518256 A CN 202210518256A CN 117097131 A CN117097131 A CN 117097131A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks via a high-tension DC link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/06—Circuits specially adapted for rendering non-conductive gas discharge tubes or equivalent semiconductor devices, e.g. thyratrons, thyristors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/505—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
- H02M7/515—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/521—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
- H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
- H02M7/53875—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with analogue control of three-phase output
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及高压直流输电技术领域，具体涉及可控换相换流器保护方法和保护装置。This application relates to the technical field of high-voltage direct current transmission, specifically to a controllable commutation converter protection method and protection device.
背景技术Background technique
高压、特高压直流输电容量大，现有技术采用十二脉动电路，每个十二脉动电路有两个三相六个桥臂电路串联，每个桥臂采用单个大容量晶闸管串联，由于晶闸管不能控制关断，现有的换流器结构存在换相失败问题。High-voltage and ultra-high voltage DC transmission capacity is large. The existing technology uses twelve-pulse circuits. Each twelve-pulse circuit has two three-phase six bridge arm circuits connected in series. Each bridge arm uses a single large-capacity thyristor in series. Since the thyristor cannot Controlled shutdown, the existing converter structure has the problem of commutation failure.
随着接入的高压、特高压直流输电系统逐渐增多，已在多个区域电网形成了多馈入直流输电系统，当发生多条直流同时换相失败时，可能对该区域交流电网安全运行构成威胁。随着新能源发电占比增高，交流电压支持能力下降，对直流输电系统的稳定运行和抑制换相失败能力提出更高要求。现有的高压直流输电、柔性直流输电、混合直流输电技术很难满足成本和性能的严苛要求。基于可控换相换流器的高压直流输电系统综合成本和性能存在一定优势，但是技术仍然不够成熟，特别是可控换相换流器的保护方法还需进一步研究。With the increasing number of high-voltage and ultra-high voltage DC transmission systems connected, multi-feed DC transmission systems have been formed in multiple regional power grids. When multiple DC lines fail to commutate at the same time, it may pose a threat to the safe operation of the regional AC power grid. threaten. As the proportion of new energy power generation increases, the AC voltage support capacity decreases, placing higher requirements on the stable operation of the DC transmission system and its ability to suppress commutation failure. Existing high-voltage DC transmission, flexible DC transmission, and hybrid DC transmission technologies are difficult to meet the stringent requirements for cost and performance. High-voltage DC transmission systems based on controllable commutated converters have certain advantages in terms of overall cost and performance, but the technology is still immature. In particular, the protection methods of controllable commutated converters require further research.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本申请实施例提供一种可控换相换流器保护方法，所述可控换相换流器至少有一个桥臂包括并联连接的主支路和辅助换相支路，所述辅助换相支路包括全控阀，所述方法包括：所述辅助换相支路故障时，控制所述辅助换相支路闭锁；所述主支路关断、所述辅助换相支路导通时，如果所述辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值或者如果所述辅助换相支路故障，控制所述主支路导通；所述主支路关断、所述辅助换相支路关断时，如果所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的电压超过第一电压阈值，控制所述主支路导通。Embodiments of the present application provide a method for protecting a controllable commutation converter. At least one bridge arm of the controllable commutation converter includes a main branch and an auxiliary commutation branch connected in parallel. The auxiliary commutation branch The branch includes a fully controlled valve, and the method includes: when the auxiliary commutation branch fails, controlling the auxiliary commutation branch to lock; when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is on , if the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the main branch is controlled to be turned on; the main branch is turned off, and the auxiliary commutation branch When the circuit is turned off, if the voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first voltage threshold, the main branch is controlled to be turned on.
根据一些实施例，所述第一电流阈值大于所述辅助换相支路的额定电流，小于或等于所述辅助换相支路的最大允许电流。According to some embodiments, the first current threshold is greater than the rated current of the auxiliary commutation branch and less than or equal to the maximum allowable current of the auxiliary commutation branch.
根据一些实施例，所述第一电压阈值大于所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的额定电压，小于或等于所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的最大关断电压。According to some embodiments, the first voltage threshold is greater than the rated voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch, and is less than or equal to the maximum shutdown voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch. .
根据一些实施例，所述辅助换相支路故障包括接地故障、功率器件故障、驱动电路故障、缓冲电路故障、控制电路故障的至少一种。According to some embodiments, the auxiliary commutation branch fault includes at least one of a ground fault, a power device fault, a drive circuit fault, a snubber circuit fault, and a control circuit fault.
根据一些实施例，所述控制辅助换相支路闭锁包括：控制停发所述辅助换相支路脉冲。According to some embodiments, controlling the blocking of the auxiliary commutation branch includes: controlling to stop sending pulses of the auxiliary commutation branch.
根据一些实施例，所述桥臂还包括隔离开关，用于将所述辅助换相支路和所述主支路分开，所述保护方法还包括：所述辅助换相支路故障时，控制所述辅助换相支路闭锁或/和隔离。According to some embodiments, the bridge arm further includes an isolation switch for separating the auxiliary commutation branch from the main branch, and the protection method further includes: when the auxiliary commutation branch fails, control The auxiliary commutation branch is blocked or/and isolated.
本申请实施例还提供一种可控换相换流器保护装置，应用如上所述的可控换相换流器保护方法，所述保护装置包括检测单元和保护单元，所述检测单元用于检测所述可控换相换流器的运行参数和故障；所述保护单元基于所述可控换相换流器的运行参数，判断所述辅助换相支路故障时，控制所述辅助换相支路闭锁；所述主支路关断、所述辅助换相支路导通时，如果所述辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值或者如果所述辅助换相支路故障，控制所述主支路导通；所述主支路关断、所述辅助换相支路关断时，如果所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的电压超过第一电压阈值，控制所述主支路导通。Embodiments of the present application also provide a controllable commutation converter protection device that applies the controllable commutation converter protection method as described above. The protection device includes a detection unit and a protection unit, and the detection unit is used to Detect operating parameters and faults of the controllable commutation converter; based on the operating parameters of the controllable commutation converter, the protection unit controls the auxiliary commutation branch when it determines that the auxiliary commutation branch is faulty. The phase branch is blocked; when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is on, if the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, Control the main branch to be turned on; when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is turned off, if the voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first voltage threshold, Control the conduction of the main branch.
根据一些实施例，所述桥臂还包括隔离开关用于将所述辅助换相支路和所述主支路分开，所述保护单元在所述辅助换相支路故障时，控制所述辅助换相支路闭锁或/和隔离。According to some embodiments, the bridge arm further includes an isolation switch for separating the auxiliary commutation branch from the main branch, and the protection unit controls the auxiliary commutation branch when the auxiliary commutation branch fails. Commutation branch blocking or/and isolation.
根据一些实施例，所述第一电流阈值大于所述辅助换相支路的额定电流，小于或等于所述辅助换相支路的最大允许电流；所述第一电压阈值大于所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的额定电压，小于或等于所述辅助换相支路的所述全控阀的最大关断电压。According to some embodiments, the first current threshold is greater than the rated current of the auxiliary commutation branch and less than or equal to the maximum allowable current of the auxiliary commutation branch; the first voltage threshold is greater than the auxiliary commutation branch. The rated voltage of the full control valve of the branch is less than or equal to the maximum shutdown voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch.
根据一些实施例，所述辅助换相支路故障包括接地故障、功率器件故障、驱动电路故障、缓冲电路故障、控制电路故障的至少一种。According to some embodiments, the auxiliary commutation branch fault includes at least one of a ground fault, a power device fault, a drive circuit fault, a snubber circuit fault, and a control circuit fault.
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，通过检测辅助换相支路的电流和电压，如果出现故障、过电流或过电压问题，控制闭锁或/和隔离辅助换相支路，或者控制主支路导通，以保护辅助换相支路的功率器件，提高了可控换相换流器的可靠性。The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application detects the current and voltage of the auxiliary commutation branch. If a fault, overcurrent or overvoltage problem occurs, the auxiliary commutation branch is controlled to be blocked or/and isolated, or the main branch conduction is controlled. pass to protect the power devices of the auxiliary commutation branch and improve the reliability of the controllable commutation converter.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种可控换相换流器示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图3a-图3i是本申请实施例提供的半控阀和全控阀结构示意图。Figures 3a-3i are structural schematic diagrams of semi-controlled valves and full-controlled valves provided by embodiments of the present application.
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器的控制方法流程示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器的控制装置示意图。Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a control device of a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of this application.
应当理解，本申请的说明书和权利要求书中使用的术语“包括”和“包含”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。It is to be understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" used in the specification and claims of this application indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not exclude the presence of one or more other The presence or addition of features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or collections thereof.
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器示意图，可控换相换流器至少有一个桥臂包括并联连接的主支路和辅助换相支路，辅助换相支路包括全控阀。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. The controllable commutation converter has at least one bridge arm including a main branch and an auxiliary commutation branch connected in parallel. The auxiliary commutation branch The circuit includes a fully controlled valve.
根据一些实施例，如图1所示，可控换相换流器有三相六个桥臂，每个桥臂都包括并联连接的主支路和辅助换相支路，主支路包括串联连接的半控阀和全控阀，辅助换相支路包括串联连接的全控阀和半控阀。According to some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, the controllable commutation converter has three phases and six bridge arms. Each bridge arm includes a main branch and an auxiliary commutation branch connected in parallel. The main branch includes a series connection. Semi-controlled valves and fully controlled valves, and the auxiliary commutation branch includes fully controlled valves and semi-controlled valves connected in series.
如图1所示，A相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V41和全控阀V42串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V43和半控阀V44串联组成。B相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V61和全控阀V62串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V63和半控阀V64串联组成。C相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V21和全控阀V22串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V23和半控阀V24串联组成。A相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V11和全控阀V12串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V13和半控阀V14串联组成。B相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V31和全控阀V32串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V33和半控阀V34串联组成。C相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V51和全控阀V52串联组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V53和半控阀V54串联组成。As shown in Figure 1, the main branch of the A-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a half-control valve V41 and a full-control valve V42 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V43 and a half-controlled valve V44 connected in series. The main branch of the B-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a half-control valve V61 and a full-control valve V62 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V63 and a half-control valve V64 connected in series. The main branch of the C-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a semi-control valve V21 and a full-control valve V22 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V23 and a semi-controlled valve V24 connected in series. The main branch of the A-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a semi-control valve V11 and a full-control valve V12 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V13 and a semi-controlled valve V14 connected in series. The main branch of the B-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a half-control valve V31 and a full-control valve V32 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V33 and a half-control valve V34 connected in series. The main branch of the C-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a semi-control valve V51 and a full-control valve V52 connected in series, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-control valve V53 and a semi-controlled valve V54 connected in series.
图1所示的可控换相换流器的工作原理包括：当故障可能发生换相失败时，将换相桥臂的主支路的电流转移到辅助换相支路，再通过关断辅助换相支路实现可控换相。以A相上桥臂为例，当A相上桥臂的主支路的半控阀V41因故障可能发生换相失败时，控制全控阀V42关断，将主支路的电流转移到辅助换相支路，A相上桥臂的主支路的半控阀V41关断后，再控制辅助换相支路的全控阀V43关断，电流从A相上桥臂换相到B相上桥臂，实现可控换相。The working principle of the controllable commutation converter shown in Figure 1 includes: when a fault may occur and commutation failure occurs, the current of the main branch of the commutation bridge arm is transferred to the auxiliary commutation branch, and then the auxiliary The commutation branch realizes controllable commutation. Taking the A-phase upper arm as an example, when the half-control valve V41 of the main branch of the A-phase upper arm may fail to commutate due to a fault, the full control valve V42 is controlled to be turned off and the current of the main branch is transferred to the auxiliary valve. In the commutation branch, after the half-control valve V41 of the main branch of the A-phase upper arm is turned off, the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch is turned off, and the current is commutated from the A-phase upper arm to the B-phase. The upper bridge arm realizes controllable commutation.
根据一些实施例，如图2所示，可控换相换流器有三相六个桥臂，每个桥臂都包括并联连接的主支路和辅助换相支路，桥臂主支路包括半控阀，辅助换相支路包括串联连接的全控阀和电容。According to some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the controllable commutation converter has three phases and six bridge arms. Each bridge arm includes a main branch and an auxiliary commutation branch connected in parallel. The main branch of the bridge arm includes Semi-controlled valve, the auxiliary commutation branch includes a fully controlled valve and a capacitor connected in series.
如图2所示，A相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V41组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V43和电容C43串联组成。B相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V61组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V63和电容C63串联组成。C相上桥臂的主支路由半控阀V21组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V23和电容C23串联组成。A相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V11组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V13和电容C13串联组成。B相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V31组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V33和电容C33串联组成。C相下桥臂的主支路由半控阀V51组成，辅助换相支路由全控阀V53和电容C53串联组成。As shown in Figure 2, the main branch of the A-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V41, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V43 and a capacitor C43 connected in series. The main branch of the B-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V61, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V63 and a capacitor C63 connected in series. The main branch of the C-phase upper bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V21, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V23 and a capacitor C23 connected in series. The main branch of the A-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V11, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V13 and a capacitor C13 connected in series. The main branch of the B-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V31, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V33 and a capacitor C33 connected in series. The main branch of the C-phase lower bridge arm is composed of a half-controlled valve V51, and the auxiliary commutation branch is composed of a full-controlled valve V53 and a capacitor C53 connected in series.
图2所示的可控换相换流器的工作原理包括：正常运行时，控制辅助换相支路的电容呈负压，当故障可能发生换相失败时，将换相桥臂的主支路的电流转移到辅助换相支路，再通过关断辅助换相支路实现可控换相。以A相上桥臂为例，A相上桥臂关断时，控制全控阀V43反向导通，电容C43反向充电，呈负压。当A相上桥臂的主支路的半控阀V41因故障可能发生换相失败时，控制全控阀V43正向导通，将主支路的电流转移到辅助换相支路，A相上桥臂的主支路的半控阀V41关断后，再控制全控阀V43关断，电流从A相上桥臂换相到B相上桥臂，实现辅助换相。The working principle of the controllable commutation converter shown in Figure 2 includes: During normal operation, the capacitor controlling the auxiliary commutation branch has a negative pressure. When a fault may occur and commutation failure occurs, the main branch of the commutation bridge arm is The current of the circuit is transferred to the auxiliary commutation branch, and then controllable commutation is realized by turning off the auxiliary commutation branch. Taking the A-phase upper arm as an example, when the A-phase upper arm is turned off, the full control valve V43 is controlled to conduct in the reverse direction, and the capacitor C43 is charged in the reverse direction, showing a negative pressure. When the half-control valve V41 of the main branch of the A-phase upper bridge arm may fail to commutate due to a fault, the full-control valve V43 is controlled to conduct forward and transfer the current of the main branch to the auxiliary commutation branch. After the half control valve V41 of the main branch of the bridge arm is turned off, the full control valve V43 is controlled to turn off, and the current commutates from the A-phase upper bridge arm to the B-phase upper bridge arm to achieve auxiliary commutation.
根据一些实施例，半控阀、全控阀两端分别并联避雷器。According to some embodiments, lightning arresters are connected in parallel at both ends of the semi-controlled valve and the full-controlled valve respectively.
半控阀由半控器件组成，半控器件包括但不限于晶闸管。半控器件配置相应的触发电路。可选地，半控阀由晶闸管和二极管串联或并联组成。The semi-controlled valve is composed of semi-controlled devices, including but not limited to thyristors. The semi-controlled device is configured with a corresponding trigger circuit. Optionally, the semi-controlled valve is composed of a thyristor and a diode connected in series or parallel.
根据一些实施例，半控阀包括串联连接的晶闸管4，如图3a所示，只能控制开通，不能控制关断，具有单向通流能力和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the semi-controlled valve includes thyristors 4 connected in series, as shown in Figure 3a, which can only control opening but cannot control closing, and has one-way flow capability and two-way blocking voltage capability.
全控阀由全控器件组成，全控器件包括但不限于IGCT(Integrated GateCommutated Thyristors,集成门极换流晶闸管)、IGBT(Insulated Gate BipolarTransistor,绝缘栅双极型晶体管)、GTO(Gate Turn-Off Thyristor，门极可关断晶闸管)、MOSFET(Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor，金属-氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)的至少一种。全控器件配置相应的驱动电路和/或缓冲电路。全控阀分为单向全控阀、双向全控阀和MMC(Modular Multilevel Converter，模块化多电平换流器)单阀。The full control valve is composed of full control devices, which include but are not limited to IGCT (Integrated GateCommutated Thyristors, integrated gate commutation thyristors), IGBT (Insulated Gate BipolarTransistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), GTO (Gate Turn-Off At least one of Thyristor (gate-turn-off thyristor) and MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor). Full control devices are configured with corresponding drive circuits and/or buffer circuits. Full control valves are divided into one-way full control valves, two-way full control valves and MMC (Modular Multilevel Converter, modular multi-level converter) single valves.
根据一些实施例，单向全控阀包括串联连接的IGBT模块，IGBT模块包括IGBT5和与之并联连接的二极管7，如图3b所示，只单向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流和单向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the one-way full control valve includes an IGBT module connected in series. The IGBT module includes an IGBT 5 and a diode 7 connected in parallel with it. As shown in Figure 3b, it only controls opening and closing in one direction, and has bidirectional flow and Unidirectional blocking voltage capability.
根据一些实施例，单向全控阀包括串联连接的IGCT6，如图3c所示，只单向控制开通和关断，具有单向通流和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the one-way full control valve includes IGCT6 connected in series, as shown in Figure 3c, which only controls opening and closing in one direction, and has one-way flow and two-way blocking voltage capabilities.
根据一些实施例，单向全控阀包括串联连接的IGBT模块和二极管7，如图3d所示，只单向控制开通和关断，具有单向通流和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the one-way fully controlled valve includes an IGBT module and a diode 7 connected in series, as shown in Figure 3d, which only controls opening and closing in one direction, and has the capability of one-way flow and two-way blocking voltage.
根据一些实施例，单向全控阀包括串联连接的子模块，子模块包括反并联连接的IGCT6和晶闸管4，如图3e所示，只单向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the one-way full control valve includes sub-modules connected in series. The sub-modules include IGCT6 and thyristor 4 connected in anti-parallel. As shown in Figure 3e, it only controls opening and closing in one direction, and has bidirectional flow and bidirectional flow. Blocking voltage capability.
根据一些实施例，双向全控阀包括串联连接的正向IGBT模块和反向IGBT模块，如图3f所示，能双向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the bidirectional fully controlled valve includes a forward IGBT module and a reverse IGBT module connected in series, as shown in Figure 3f, which can control opening and closing in two directions, and has bidirectional flow and bidirectional blocking voltage capabilities.
根据一些实施例，双向全控阀包括串联连接的子模块，子模块包括并联连接的正向IGCT6和反向IGCT6，如图3g所示，能双向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the two-way full control valve includes sub-modules connected in series. The sub-modules include forward IGCT6 and reverse IGCT6 connected in parallel. As shown in Figure 3g, it can control opening and closing in two directions, with bidirectional flow and bidirectional flow. Blocking voltage capability.
根据一些实施例，MMC单阀包括串联连接的子模块，子模块包括两个IGBT模块和电容8，两个IGBT模块的连接点作为子模块的正极，其中一个IGBT模块的另一端作为子模块的负极，子模块串联连接，如图3h所示，只单向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流能力和单向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the MMC single valve includes submodules connected in series. The submodule includes two IGBT modules and a capacitor 8. The connection point of the two IGBT modules serves as the positive electrode of the submodule, and the other end of one IGBT module serves as the submodule. For the negative pole, the sub-modules are connected in series, as shown in Figure 3h. They only control opening and closing in one direction, and have bidirectional current flow capabilities and unidirectional blocking voltage capabilities.
根据一些实施例，MMC单阀包括串联连接的子模块，子模块包括四个IGBT模块和电容8，IGBT模块两两串联连接后并联连接，与电容7也并联连接，IGBT模块两两串联连接的连接点分别作为子模块的正极、负极，如图3i所示，能双向控制开通和关断，具有双向通流能力和双向阻断电压能力。According to some embodiments, the MMC single valve includes sub-modules connected in series. The sub-modules include four IGBT modules and capacitors 8. The IGBT modules are connected in series and then in parallel. The capacitors 7 are also connected in parallel. The IGBT modules are connected in series in pairs. The connection points serve as the positive and negative poles of the sub-module respectively, as shown in Figure 3i. They can be controlled on and off in two directions, and have bidirectional current flow capabilities and bidirectional blocking voltage capabilities.
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器的控制方法流程示意图，适用于上述所述的可控换相换流器，方法包括以下流程。Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of a control method for a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. It is applicable to the controllable commutation converter described above. The method includes the following process.
在S110中，辅助换相支路故障时，控制辅助换相支路闭锁。In S110, when the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the auxiliary commutation branch is controlled to be blocked.
辅助换相支路故障包括但不限于接地故障、功率器件故障、驱动电路故障、缓冲电路故障、控制电路故障的至少一种。Auxiliary commutation branch faults include but are not limited to at least one of ground fault, power device fault, drive circuit fault, snubber circuit fault, and control circuit fault.
以图1示出的A相上桥臂为例，判断辅助换相支路的全控阀V43和半控阀V44是否故障，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀V43或半控阀V44故障，控制辅助换相支路的全控阀V43或半控阀V44闭锁。辅助换相支路闭锁为控制停发辅助换相支路的全控阀V43或半控阀V44脉冲。Taking the A-phase upper bridge arm shown in Figure 1 as an example, determine whether the full control valve V43 and the half-control valve V44 of the auxiliary commutation branch are faulty. If the full control valve V43 or the half-control valve V44 of the auxiliary commutation branch is faulty, , the full control valve V43 or the half control valve V44 that controls the auxiliary commutation branch is blocked. Auxiliary commutation branch blocking is to control and stop the full control valve V43 or half control valve V44 pulse of the auxiliary commutation branch.
以图2示出的A相上桥臂为例，判断辅助换相支路的全控阀V43和电容C43是否故障，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀V43或电容C43故障，控制辅助换相支路的全控阀V43闭锁。辅助换相支路闭锁为控制停发辅助换相支路的全控阀V43脉冲。Taking the A-phase upper bridge arm shown in Figure 2 as an example, determine whether the full control valve V43 and capacitor C43 of the auxiliary commutation branch are faulty. If the full control valve V43 or capacitor C43 of the auxiliary commutation branch is faulty, control the auxiliary commutation branch. The full control valve V43 of the phase branch is blocked. The auxiliary commutation branch blocking is to control the full control valve V43 pulse of the auxiliary commutation branch.
根据一些实施例，桥臂电路还包括隔离开关，通过隔离开关将辅助换相支路和主支路分开。辅助换相支路故障时，控制辅助换相支路闭锁或/和隔离。According to some embodiments, the bridge arm circuit further includes an isolation switch, through which the auxiliary commutation branch and the main branch are separated. When the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the auxiliary commutation branch is controlled to be blocked or/and isolated.
在S120中，主支路关断、辅助换相支路导通时，如果辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值或者如果辅助换相支路故障，控制主支路导通。In S120, when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is on, if the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the main branch is controlled to be turned on.
以图1示出的A相上桥臂为例，主支路的半控阀V41和全控阀V42关断、辅助换相支路的全控阀V43和半控阀V44导通时，如果辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值时或者如果辅助换相支路故障时，控制主支路的半控阀V41和全控阀V42导通。Taking the A-phase upper bridge arm shown in Figure 1 as an example, when the half-control valve V41 and full-control valve V42 of the main branch are turned off, and the full-control valve V43 and half-control valve V44 of the auxiliary commutation branch are turned on, if When the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the half control valve V41 and the full control valve V42 of the main branch are turned on.
以图2示出的A相上桥臂为例，主支路的半控阀V41关断、辅助换相支路的全控阀V43导通时，如果辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值时或者如果辅助换相支路故障时，控制主支路的半控阀V41导通。Taking the A-phase upper arm shown in Figure 2 as an example, when the half-control valve V41 of the main branch is turned off and the full-control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch is turned on, if the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first At the current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the semi-controlled valve V41 that controls the main branch is turned on.
根据一些实施例，第一电流阈值大于辅助换相支路的额定电流，小于或等于辅助换相支路的最大允许电流，但并不以此为限。According to some embodiments, the first current threshold is greater than the rated current of the auxiliary commutation branch and less than or equal to the maximum allowable current of the auxiliary commutation branch, but is not limited to this.
在S130中，主支路关断、辅助换相支路关断时，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀的电压超过第一电压阈值，控制主支路导通。In S130, when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is turned off, if the voltage of the full control valve of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first voltage threshold, the main branch is controlled to be turned on.
以图1示出的A相上桥臂为例，主支路的半控阀V41和全控阀V42关断、辅助换相支路的全控阀V43和半控阀V44关断时，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的电压超过第一电压阈值时，控制主支路的半控阀V41和全控阀V42导通。Taking the A-phase upper bridge arm shown in Figure 1 as an example, when the half-control valve V41 and full-control valve V42 of the main branch are turned off, and the full-control valve V43 and half-control valve V44 of the auxiliary commutation branch are turned off, if When the voltage of the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first voltage threshold, the semi-control valve V41 and the full control valve V42 of the main branch are controlled to conduct.
以图2示出的A相上桥臂为例，主支路的半控阀V41关断、辅助换相支路的全控阀V43关断时，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的电压超过第一电压阈值时，控制主支路的半控阀V41导通。Taking the A-phase upper bridge arm shown in Figure 2 as an example, when the half-control valve V41 of the main branch is turned off and the full-control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch is turned off, if the full-control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch When the voltage exceeds the first voltage threshold, the half-control valve V41 that controls the main branch is turned on.
根据一些实施例，第一电压阈值大于辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的额定电压，小于或等于辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的最大关断电压，但并不以此为限。According to some embodiments, the first voltage threshold is greater than the rated voltage of the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch, and is less than or equal to the maximum shutdown voltage of the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch, but is not limited to this. .
本实施例提供的技术方案，通过检测辅助换相支路的电流和电压，如果出现故障、过电流或过电压问题，闭锁或/和隔离辅助换相支路，或者控制主支路导通，以保护辅助换相支路的功率器件，提高了可控换相换流器的工作可靠性。The technical solution provided by this embodiment detects the current and voltage of the auxiliary commutation branch. If a fault, overcurrent or overvoltage problem occurs, the auxiliary commutation branch is blocked or/and isolated, or the main branch is controlled to conduct. In order to protect the power devices of the auxiliary commutation branch, the operating reliability of the controllable commutation converter is improved.
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种可控换相换流器的控制装置示意图，控制装置300包括检测单元310和保护单元320。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control device of a controllable commutation converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. The control device 300 includes a detection unit 310 and a protection unit 320 .
检测单元310用于检测可控换相换流器的运行参数和故障，包括但不限于可控换相换流器的交流电压、直流电压、直流电流、换流器的运行状态、半控阀、全控阀的运行状态的一种。The detection unit 310 is used to detect the operating parameters and faults of the controllable commutation converter, including but not limited to the AC voltage, DC voltage, DC current, operating status of the converter, and half-controlled valve of the controllable commutation converter. , one of the operating states of the full control valve.
保护单元320基于可控换相换流器的运行参数判断辅助换相支路是否故障，如果辅助换相支路故障时，控制换相支路闭锁，主支路关断、辅助换相支路导通时，如果辅助换相支路的电流超过第一电流阈值或者如果辅助换相支路故障，控制主支路导通；主支路关断、辅助换相支路关断时，如果辅助换相支路的全控阀的电压超过第一电压阈值，控制主支路导通。根据一些实施例，桥臂还包括隔离开关，隔离开关用于将辅助换相支路和主支路分开。保护单元320在辅助换相支路故障时，控制辅助换相支路闭锁或/和隔离。The protection unit 320 determines whether the auxiliary commutation branch is faulty based on the operating parameters of the controllable commutation converter. If the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the protection unit 320 controls the commutation branch to lock, shut down the main branch, and shut down the auxiliary commutation branch. When it is turned on, if the current of the auxiliary commutation branch exceeds the first current threshold or if the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the main branch is controlled to be turned on; when the main branch is turned off and the auxiliary commutation branch is turned off, if the auxiliary When the voltage of the full control valve of the commutation branch exceeds the first voltage threshold, the main branch is controlled to be turned on. According to some embodiments, the bridge arm further includes an isolation switch, and the isolation switch is used to separate the auxiliary commutation branch and the main branch. When the auxiliary commutation branch fails, the protection unit 320 controls the auxiliary commutation branch to block or/and isolate.
辅助换相支路故障包括但不限于接地故障、功率器件故障、驱动电路故障、缓冲电路故障、控制电路故障的至少一种。Auxiliary commutation branch faults include but are not limited to at least one of ground fault, power device fault, drive circuit fault, snubber circuit fault, and control circuit fault.
根据一些实施例，第一电流阈值大于辅助换相支路的额定电流，小于或等于辅助换相支路的最大允许电流，但并不以此为限。According to some embodiments, the first current threshold is greater than the rated current of the auxiliary commutation branch and less than or equal to the maximum allowable current of the auxiliary commutation branch, but is not limited to this.
根据一些实施例，第一电压阈值大于辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的额定电压，小于或等于辅助换相支路的全控阀V43的最大关断电压，但并不以此为限。According to some embodiments, the first voltage threshold is greater than the rated voltage of the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch, and is less than or equal to the maximum shutdown voltage of the full control valve V43 of the auxiliary commutation branch, but is not limited to this. .
以上实施例仅为说明本申请的技术思想，不能以此限定本申请的保护范围，凡是按照本申请提出的技术思想，在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动，均落入本申请保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical ideas of the present application and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any changes made based on the technical ideas proposed in the present application and on the basis of the technical solutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Inside.
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