CN117174351B - A laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in rectangular channels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of reactor engineering, in particular to a laser measurement experiment device for cavitation share in a rectangular channel, which comprises an outer frame body, a first connecting channel, radiation equipment and detection equipment, wherein the first connecting channel is arranged on the end face of the outer frame body, and the radiation equipment and the detection equipment are respectively arranged on two sides of the end face of the outer frame body; and a pipe passing through the first connection passage and entering the outer frame; and the guide assembly comprises a mounting frame movably arranged in the outer frame, a second connecting channel penetrating through the end face of the mounting frame and a guide wheel rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, wherein a storage plate for storing the pipeline is integrally formed in the mounting frame, and when the pipeline is measured, the pipeline is only required to be inserted into the outer frame, and the plurality of connecting channels are enough to fix the pipeline.

Description

A laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in rectangular channels

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of reactor engineering technology, in particular to a laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel.

Background technique

Cavitation fraction is one of the most basic and critical parameters in two-phase flow research, and is also one of the key points in nuclear reactor thermal hydraulic research. In the design and calculation of nuclear power plants and equipment, relatively accurate cavitation fraction data is often required. For example, the recirculation rate of the steam generator, the density of the coolant and moderator in the reactor, the core neutron dynamics and the instability of the coolant flow in the reactor are all closely related to the cavitation fraction of the two-phase fluid. In the nuclear power industry, the cavitation fraction is closely related to the system operating parameters, the flow channel structure size and flow conditions, etc. It is generally difficult to determine it with theoretical formulas, and it mainly relies on experimental methods to measure it. There are many experimental studies on cavitation fraction, but most of them are circular tube flow studies. In nuclear power plants designed with flat fuel elements as the core, the flow channel structure is in the form of rectangular narrow slits. Bubbles cannot develop freely in the narrow slit channel, and its cavitation fraction characteristics and phase distribution characteristics are different from those of the circular tube. The empirical relationship developed based on the experimental data in the circular tube is difficult to meet the requirements of rectangular channel engineering design.

Laser technology is an effective method to solve the problem of measuring the cavitation fraction in rectangular channels. At present, there are two ways to measure the cavitation fraction of gas-liquid two-phase flow: interventional and non-interventional. The interventional method will interfere with the flow field to a certain extent and has many restrictions on use. The non-interventional method has obvious advantages over the interventional method because it can directly measure the cavitation fraction without changing the original movement of the gas and liquid. The laser measurement method uses the different reflectivity of light when passing through different media to measure. It will not destroy the natural distribution of the flow field and temperature field in the pipeline. It is the preferred solution to solve the problem of measuring the cavitation fraction in rectangular channels.

However, the inventors found that there are certain limitations when using laser technology to measure the cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel, especially in the fixation of the pipe. The commonly used clamping method now is to fix the two sides of the pipe with two clamps, and the clamps are fixed based on threaded matching. If the experimenter wants to fix the pipe, he needs to repeatedly rotate the fixing screws, which not only has a low experimental efficiency, but also has a high labor intensity for the experimenter.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser measurement experimental device for the cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel, comprising an outer frame, a first connecting channel arranged on the end face of the outer frame, and a radiation device and a detection device respectively arranged on both sides of the end face of the outer frame; and a pipeline entering the outer frame by passing through the first connecting channel; and a guide assembly, comprising a mounting frame movably arranged in the outer frame, a second connecting channel passing through the end face of the mounting frame, and a guide wheel rotatably arranged in the mounting frame, and a storage plate for accommodating the pipeline is also integrally formed in the mounting frame.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, wherein: a transmission assembly is provided on the end face of the outer frame, and the transmission assembly includes a pressure plate, and a drainage end is opened at one end of the pressure plate, and a column is screwed on the other end of the pressure plate, and the other end of the column extends into the outer frame and contacts the end face of the mounting frame; a drawer box is movably provided on the outer wall of the outer frame.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, a connecting frame is screwed onto the outer wall of the mounting frame, a driving disk is provided at the end of the connecting frame away from the mounting frame, and a guide column is provided on one side of the outer wall of the driving disk.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, a transmission groove which can flexibly cooperate with the guide column is formed through the outer wall of the guide wheel.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, it also includes a connecting component, and the connecting component includes a fixed wheel and a transmission gear movably mounted outside the fixed wheel.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, wherein: the inner wall of the outer frame is provided with a transmission tooth plate that can mesh with the transmission gear; the position of the fixed wheel is located on the outer wall of the driving disk, and the fixed wheel is consistent with the axis of the driving disk.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, the outer wall array of the fixed wheel is provided with a plurality of protrusions, and the outer wall of the protrusion is movably provided with a contact plate, the end face of the contact plate is provided with a first elastic member, and one end of the first elastic member is connected to the outer wall of the fixed wheel.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel of the present invention, an accommodating channel is provided on the inner wall of the transmission gear, and a contact groove which can be engaged with the contact plate is provided in the accommodating channel.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel described in the present invention, a reset component is also provided in the outer frame, and the reset component includes a connecting slide groove provided on the inner end surface of the outer frame.

As a preferred solution of the laser measurement experimental device for the cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel of the present invention, wherein: two reset sliders are slidably arranged in the connecting slide groove, and the end surfaces of the two reset sliders are rotatably connected with reset rods, and the reset rods are hinged to the mounting frame at one end away from the reset sliders;

Two second elastic members are symmetrically arranged in the connecting slide groove, and one end of the two second elastic members is respectively connected to the outer walls of the two reset sliding blocks.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: when measuring a pipeline, it is only necessary to insert the pipeline into the outer frame, and a plurality of connecting channels are sufficient to fix the pipeline. The present invention can also uniformly collect the pipelines that need to be measured by further arranging a flow guide component, thereby effectively improving the measurement efficiency and solving the problems existing in the prior art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and its partial enlarged structure in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall front cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide wheel in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of section “A” in the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

Example 1

1 to 4 , which are the first embodiment of the present invention, a laser measurement experimental device for the cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel is provided. When measuring the pipeline, the pipeline only needs to be inserted into the outer frame 100. A plurality of connecting channels are sufficient to fix the pipeline. The present invention can also collect the pipelines that need to be measured in a unified manner by further arranging a flow guide component 200.

Specifically, the outer frame 100, the first connecting channel 100a provided on the end face of the outer frame 100, and the radiation device J-1 and the detection device J-2 respectively provided on both sides of the end face of the outer frame 100; and, the pipeline entering into the outer frame 100 by passing through the first connecting channel 100a; and, the guide assembly 200, including a mounting frame 201 movably arranged in the outer frame 100, a second connecting channel 201a penetrating and opened in the end face of the mounting frame 201 and a guide wheel 202 rotatably arranged in the mounting frame 201, and the mounting frame 201 is also integrally formed with a storage plate 201b for storing the pipeline.

Among them, the mounting frame 201 can be displaced in the vertical direction within the outer frame 100. When the pipeline is inserted into the outer frame 100, the pipeline will pass through the first connecting channel 100a and the second connecting channel 201a in sequence and contact the guide wheel 202, thereby completing the fixation of the pipeline.

It should be noted that, under the premise of not intervening in the flow channel and not disturbing the flow, the different reflectivities of lasers in different media are utilized. The laser formed by the laser source placed in the shielding room and passing through the flow channel after passing through the collimator is received by the detector on the other side of the flow channel. The cavitation fraction in the flow channel can be obtained from the input and output intensities of the laser.

Since different sizes of flow channels will directly affect the attenuation process of the laser, the selection of laser source and detector will change for the measurement process under different working conditions to meet the requirements of measurement accuracy.

The penetrating power of laser increases with the increase of energy. Water and air have very low stopping power to laser, and the difference between them is very small. In theory, the laser energy should be as small as possible; however, the influence of the tube wall on the laser must also be considered, so comprehensive consideration should be given to select the radiation equipment J-1 and detection equipment J-2 with appropriate energy.

To obtain a narrow beam laser that meets the measurement requirements, a collimator (front collimator) should be set after the radiation device J-1, and a collimator (rear collimator) should be placed in front of the detection device J-2. The radiation device J-1, collimator and detection device J-2 are axially symmetrical.

In the specific measurement process, the laser intensity Ng and Nf of the radiation device J-1 in the full air and full water states in the flow channel can be measured respectively; then the count N of the laser intensity of the radiation device J-1 in the stable two-phase flow state can be measured; finally, Ng, Nf and N are substituted into the following formula,

To obtain the cavitation fraction under this condition.

Preferably, a transmission assembly 101 is provided on the end face of the outer frame 100, and the transmission assembly 101 includes a pressure plate 101a, and a drainage end 101a-1 is opened at one end of the pressure plate 101a, and a column 101b is screwed on the other end of the pressure plate 101a, and the other end of the column 101b extends into the outer frame 100 and contacts the end face of the mounting bracket 201; a drawer box 100b is movably provided on the outer wall of the outer frame 100.

Among them, the transmission component 101 can play an auxiliary role in this embodiment, that is, it helps the experimenter to better place the pipe into the first connecting channel 100a. In the following embodiments, the transmission component 101 is connected with the column 101b through the pressure plate 101a, so that it can also push the mounting frame 201 to move in the vertical direction. This point will not be elaborated here.

The drawer box 100b can collect the pipes dropped from the guide wheel 202 for easy retrieval by the experimenter.

Example 2

1 to 4 , a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that a flow guide assembly 200 is provided to collect pipes.

Specifically, the outer wall of the mounting frame 201 is screwed with a connecting frame 201c, and the connecting frame 201c is provided with a driving disk 203 at one end away from the mounting frame 201, and a guide column 203a is provided on one side of the outer wall of the driving disk 203. The driving disk 203 can rotate, and in order to improve the stability during movement, the driving disk 203 is composed of two groups, which are connected by the guide column 203a, and the guide column 203a is arranged at a position away from the axial direction of the driving disk 203.

The outer wall of the guide wheel 202 is penetrated by a transmission groove 202a that can be flexibly matched with the guide column 203a. The transmission groove 202a has two functions. First, the transmission groove 202a cooperates with the guide column 203a so that the driving disk 203 drives the guide wheel 202 to rotate; second, the pipeline passes through each connecting channel, and one end thereof enters the transmission groove 202a. When the guide wheel 202 rotates, the pipeline falls off from the transmission groove 202a and enters the storage plate 201b, so that the experimenter can take it conveniently.

The outer frame 100 also includes a connecting assembly 300, and the connecting assembly 300 includes a fixed wheel 301 and a transmission gear 302 movably sleeved outside the fixed wheel 301. The inner wall of the outer frame 100 is provided with a transmission tooth plate 100c that can mesh with the transmission gear 302; the fixed wheel 301 is located on the outer wall of the driving disk 203, and the fixed wheel 301 is consistent with the axis of the driving disk 203. When the transmission gear 302 meshes with the transmission tooth plate 100c, the transmission gear 302 will drive the driving disk 203 to rotate through the fixed wheel 301.

The outer wall array of the fixed wheel 301 is provided with a plurality of protrusions 301a, and the outer wall of the protrusion 301a is movably provided with a contact plate 303, and the end surface of the contact plate 303 is provided with a first elastic member 303a, and one end of the first elastic member 303a is connected to the outer wall of the fixed wheel 301. The first elastic member 303a is a compression spring, as shown in FIG4, when the contact plate 303 and the end surface of the protrusion 301a are located in the same plane, the contact plate 303 is rotated to the maximum angle.

The inner wall of the transmission gear 302 is provided with an accommodating channel 302a, and the accommodating channel 302a is provided with an abutment groove 302a-1 that can be engaged with the abutment plate 303. Only when the abutment plate 303 rotates to the maximum angle will the abutment plate 303 contact the abutment groove 302a-1. In this embodiment, there are four sets of abutment plates 303 to ensure that the transmission gear 302 is concentric with the fixed wheel 301.

In summary, when fixing the pipeline before measurement, the pipeline can be inserted from the first connection channel 100a, and the pipeline will pass through the second connection channel 201a and enter the transmission groove 202a. At this time, the pipeline can be measured. After the measurement is completed, the experimenter can press the pressure plate 101a in the transmission assembly 101, and under the connection of the column 101b, the mounting frame 201 is vertically downward, and the mounting frame 201 has a certain reset ability.

When the mounting frame 201 moves downward, the transmission gear 302 will rotate counterclockwise, and it cannot engage with the transmission tooth plate 100c due to the setting of the accommodating channel 302a. The interference groove 302a-1 in the accommodating channel 302a will continuously squeeze the interference plate 303, so that the transmission gear 302 and the fixed wheel 301 are not concentric, until the guide wheel 202 drives the pipeline into the outer frame 100 close to the middle position, and the mounting frame 201 begins to rebound.

During the rebound process of the mounting frame 201, the transmission gear 302 will rotate clockwise due to the transmission tooth plate 100c, and the abutment groove 302a-1 in the receiving channel 302a will abut against the abutment plate 303, so that the transmission gear 302 is fixed on the fixed wheel 301 and keeps concentric. The transmission gear 302 will also mesh with the transmission tooth plate 100c, driving the fixed wheel 301 to rotate.

The fixed wheel 301 in the rotating state will make the guide wheel 202 rotate through the cooperation between the guide column 203a and the transmission groove 202a, that is, when the driving disk 203 rotates one circle, the guide wheel 202 rotates 72 degrees. If there is only one pipe on the guide wheel 202, then after the guide wheel 202 rotates twice, the pipe will fall into the storage plate 201b due to the influence of gravity.

It should be additionally explained that when one pipeline is measured and another pipeline needs to be measured, the lifting of the transmission component 101 will be a measurement signal, that is, when the mounting frame 201 is reset, it will not be until the pressure plate 101a is fully lifted up, indicating that it is fully reset. At this time, the pipeline can be inserted and enter the transmission groove 202a.

Example 3

1 to 4 , a third embodiment of the present invention is shown. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that a method for resetting the mounting bracket 201 is provided.

Specifically, a reset assembly 400 is further provided in the outer frame 100, and the reset assembly 400 includes a connecting slide groove 401a provided on the inner end surface of the outer frame 100. Two reset sliders 401 are slidably provided in the connecting slide groove 401a, and the end surfaces of the two reset sliders 401 are both rotatably connected with a reset rod 402, and the reset rod 402 is hinged to the mounting frame 201 at one end away from the reset slider 401; wherein, the connecting slide groove 401a is used to provide the reset slider 401 with horizontal displacement.

Two second elastic members 403 are symmetrically arranged in the connecting slide groove 401a, and one end of the two second elastic members 403 is respectively connected to the outer wall of the two reset sliders 401. The second elastic member 403 is a compression spring.

In summary, when the mounting frame 201 has a certain downward pressure, the two reset sliders 401 will be driven away from each other through the two reset rods 402. During the process of the two reset sliders 401 moving away from each other, the second elastic member 403 is deformed, so that the mounting frame 201 has a certain rebound ability.

Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a number of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values (e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, color, changes in orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element may be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element may be altered or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or reordered according to an alternative embodiment. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment may not be described (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention).

It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel, characterized by: comprising: An outer frame (100), a first connecting channel (100a) provided on an end surface of the outer frame (100), and a radiation device (J-1) and a detection device (J-2) respectively provided on both sides of the end surface of the outer frame (100); and, a pipeline that penetrates through the first connecting channel (100a) and enters into the outer frame (100); and The flow guide assembly (200) comprises a mounting frame (201) movably arranged in the outer frame (100), a second connecting channel (201a) penetrating and opened in the end surface of the mounting frame (201), and a flow guide wheel (202) rotatably arranged in the mounting frame (201), and a storage plate (201b) for storing pipes is also integrally formed in the mounting frame (201); The end surface of the outer frame (100) is provided with a transmission assembly (101), and the transmission assembly (101) comprises a pressure plate (101a), and one end of the pressure plate (101a) is provided with a drainage end (101a-1), and the other end of the pressure plate (101a) is screwed with a column (101b), and the other end of the column (101b) extends into the outer frame (100) and contacts the end surface of the mounting frame (201); the outer wall of the outer frame (100) is movably provided with a drawer box (100b); A connection frame (201c) is screwed onto the outer wall of the mounting frame (201); a driving disk (203) is provided on the end of the connection frame (201c) away from the mounting frame (201); and a guide column (203a) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the driving disk (203); A transmission groove (202a) capable of movably cooperating with the guide column (203a) is formed through the outer wall of the guide wheel (202). 2. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a connecting component (300), and the connecting component (300) includes a fixed wheel (301) and a transmission gear (302) movably mounted outside the fixed wheel (301). 3. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner wall of the outer frame (100) is provided with a transmission tooth plate (100c) that can mesh with the transmission gear (302); The fixed wheel (301) is located on the outer wall of the driving disc (203), and the axis of the fixed wheel (301) and the axis of the driving disc (203) are consistent. 4. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: a plurality of protrusions (301a) are arranged in an array on the outer wall of the fixed wheel (301), and a resistance plate (303) is movably arranged on the outer wall of the protrusion (301a), a first elastic member (303a) is arranged on the end face of the resistance plate (303), and one end of the first elastic member (303a) is connected to the outer wall of the fixed wheel (301). 5. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel according to claim 4, characterized in that: an accommodating channel (302a) is provided on the inner wall of the transmission gear (302), and a resistance groove (302a-1) capable of engaging with the resistance plate (303) is provided in the accommodating channel (302a). 6. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: a reset component (400) is further provided in the outer frame (100), and the reset component (400) includes a connecting groove (401a) provided on the inner end surface of the outer frame (100). 7. The laser measurement experimental device for cavitation fraction in a rectangular channel according to claim 6, characterized in that: two reset sliders (401) are slidably arranged in the connecting slide groove (401a), and the end surfaces of the two reset sliders (401) are rotatably connected with reset rods (402), and the reset rods (402) are hinged to the mounting frame (201) at one end away from the reset slider (401); Two second elastic members (403) are symmetrically arranged in the connecting sliding groove (401a), and one end of the two second elastic members (403) is respectively connected to the outer walls of the two reset sliding blocks (401).