CN117265252A - Zinc-containing and iron-containing solid waste molten iron bath extraction device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a zinc-containing iron-containing solid waste molten iron bath extraction device which comprises a molten iron bath reduction furnace and a charging system, wherein molten iron is filled in the molten iron bath reduction furnace, the charging system is used for adding organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace, under the action of molten iron bath and oxygen, iron oxide and zinc oxide are reduced into metal iron liquid and metal zinc vapor, the organic solid waste is gasified into synthetic gas in the molten iron bath, the zinc vapor and the synthetic gas are condensed by a zinc rain splashing condenser, the zinc liquid is led into a zinc liquid distillation system for distillation and purification, and residual synthetic gas is used as zinc distillation and purification heating fuel gas in a heat storage combustion mode. The invention has the advantages of less whole process steps, simple process, short flow, low energy consumption, no need of consuming a large amount of coal, coke and electric power in the whole treatment process, low cost, low carbon emission and little environmental pollution.

Description

Zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device and method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to the recycling of solid waste in the environmental field, and in particular to a molten iron bath extraction device and method for zinc-containing and iron-containing solid waste.

Background technique

At present, the treatment of iron-containing solid waste is to first crush the iron-containing solid waste into powdery materials, then pressurize and sinter the powdery materials to form briquettes, and then enter the blast furnace for smelting to extract metallic iron. For the treatment of zinc-containing solid waste, equipment such as fumigation furnaces and Wiltz volatilization rotary kilns are generally used for treatment. The metallic zinc in the zinc-containing solid waste is volatilized at high temperatures and then oxidized into zinc oxide. The zinc grade is obtained. It is enriched, then dissolved in an acid-alkali solution using a hydrometallurgical process, and finally extracted by electrowinning, which requires a large amount of electricity to obtain metallic zinc.

For the treatment of iron-containing solid waste, it is necessary to first crush, briquette and sinter the solid waste, and then smelt it in a blast furnace. The entire treatment process requires the consumption of a large amount of coal and coke. The overall process has many links, complex processes, long processes, and energy consumption. High, high cost, high carbon emissions, heavy pollution, causing great pollution to the environment during sintering, coking and other processes. For the treatment of zinc-containing solid waste, fumigation and enrichment are used first, and then wet methods and electrowinning are used. There are also problems such as many process links, complex processes, long processes, high energy consumption, high costs, high carbon emissions, and heavy pollution. In particular, it is easy to produce waste liquid pollution and have a greater impact on the environment.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of multiple process links, complex processes, long processes, high energy consumption, high costs, high carbon emissions, and heavy pollution in the traditional treatment process of iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste, and provide a A zinc-containing and iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device and method thereof can effectively solve the above problems.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a molten iron bath extraction device for zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap, including a molten iron bath reduction furnace and a feeding system. The molten iron bath reduction furnace is equipped with molten iron and the feeding system It is used to add organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace. The molten iron bath reduction furnace is equipped with a furnace gas channel, and the furnace gas channel is successively equipped with a zinc vapor condensation system, Waste heat boiler, dust collector, gas compressor, gas storage tank, zinc vapor condensation system is connected to the zinc liquid distillation system; the reaction in the molten iron bath reduction furnace produces furnace gas, which contains zinc vapor, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen, and the furnace gas passes through the zinc In the steam condensation system, the zinc vapor in the furnace gas is condensed into zinc liquid, and the zinc liquid is passed to the zinc liquid distillation system for distillation and purification. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the furnace gas enter the gas storage tank and provide heating for the zinc liquid distillation system. fuel.

Preferably, the feeding system includes an organic solid waste storage tank, an iron-containing solid waste storage tank, a zinc-containing solid waste storage tank, an organic solid waste spray gun, an iron-containing solid waste spray gun, a zinc-containing solid waste spray gun, an oxygen buffer tank, and an oxygen buffer tank. The gun, injection carrier gas storage tank, organic solid waste spray gun, iron-containing solid waste spray gun, zinc-containing solid waste spray gun, and oxygen lance are all set on the molten iron bath reduction furnace; the organic solid waste spray gun communicates with the spray gun through the organic solid waste injection blow pipe The blowing carrier gas storage tank is connected, the iron-containing solid waste spray gun is connected to the blowing carrier gas storage tank through the iron-containing solid waste blowing pipe, the zinc-containing solid waste spray gun is connected to the blowing carrier gas storage tank through the zinc-containing solid waste blowing pipe, the machine The solid waste storage tank, the iron-containing solid waste storage tank, and the zinc-containing solid waste storage tank are respectively connected to the organic solid waste blowing pipe, the iron-containing solid waste blowing pipe, and the zinc-containing solid waste blowing pipe; the oxygen buffer tank is connected to the oxygen lance; The feeding system is used to inject solid materials and gases deep into the molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace.

Preferably, the zinc vapor condensation system includes a cooling tank, the furnace gas passes through the cooling tank, and the cooling tank is provided with a zinc liquid pool, a cooling pipe, and a liquid rejection device. The liquid rejection device includes a liquid rejection device located at the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool. The liquid-slinging impeller and the driving mechanism used to drive the liquid-slinging impeller to rotate; part of the cooling pipes are located above the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool, and the other part of the cooling pipes are located below the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool.

Preferably, the driving mechanism includes bearing brackets and a motor arranged on both sides of the cooling tank. A rotating shaft is provided between the bearing brackets. The rotating shaft is parallel to the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool. The liquid throwing impeller is connected to the rotating shaft, and the motor is fixed on the rotating shaft. On the cooling tank, a drive shaft is connected to the motor, a drive gear is connected to the drive shaft, a driven gear corresponding to the drive gear is connected to the rotating shaft, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear.

Preferably, the zinc liquid distillation system includes a zinc liquid distillation tank and a zinc vapor condensation tank. A gas heating device is provided on the outside of the zinc liquid distillation tank. The gas heating device is connected to the gas storage tank. The zinc liquid distillation tank passes through a zinc liquid insulated flow pipe. It is connected to the zinc liquid pool in the cooling tank. The zinc liquid insulated flow pipe is equipped with a zinc liquid valve; the upper end of the zinc liquid distillation tank and the zinc vapor condensation tank are connected through a zinc vapor channel; the outside of the zinc vapor condensation tank is equipped with a zinc liquid valve. Steam cooling chamber, the zinc vapor cooling chamber is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet; the zinc liquid distillation tank is connected with an inert gas input pipe, one end of the inert gas input pipe extends into the bottom of the zinc liquid distillation tank and is connected to the end of the zinc liquid distillation tank An inert gas distribution plate is connected, and the other end of the inert gas input pipe is connected to the inert gas storage tank. The zinc vapor condensation tank and the inert gas storage tank are connected through an inert gas return pipe, and a vacuum pump set is provided on the inert gas return pipe.

Preferably, the inert gas storage tank circulates inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank.

Preferably, the gas heating device includes a heating chamber, which is arranged around the outside of the zinc liquid distillation tank; the gas storage tank is connected to a gas input pipe, and one end of the gas input pipe is provided with a gas reversing valve. The gas reversing valve The input port on the gas reversing valve is connected to the gas input pipe, and the two output ports on the gas reversing valve are respectively connected to a first gas pipe and a second gas pipe. The first gas pipe and the second gas pipe are connected to both sides of the heating chamber respectively. , the first gas pipe is provided with a first gas nozzle, the second gas pipe is provided with a second gas nozzle, the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe are provided with a first gas valve and a second gas valve respectively; the heating chamber There are a first intake and exhaust port and a second intake and exhaust port respectively on both sides of the first intake and exhaust port. A first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the outside of the first intake and exhaust port, and a second intake and exhaust port is connected to the outside of the second intake and exhaust port. In the exhaust channel, a first ceramic heat storage body is provided at a position where the first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the first intake and exhaust port, and a second ceramic heat storage body is provided at a position where the second intake and exhaust channel is connected to the second exhaust port. Ceramic heat storage body, the first ceramic heat storage body and the second ceramic heat storage body are each provided with a pore structure that allows gas to pass through, and an end of the first intake and exhaust passage away from the first intake and exhaust port is provided with a first Waste gas reversing valve, one of the interfaces on the first exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the first intake and exhaust passage, and the other two interfaces on the first reversing valve are connected to the first intake pipe and the first exhaust pipe respectively. ; The second exhaust gas passage is provided with a second exhaust gas reversing valve at one end away from the second intake and exhaust ports. One of the interfaces on the second exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the second intake and exhaust pipe. The second exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the second exhaust gas reversing valve. The remaining two interfaces on the valve are respectively connected to a second air intake pipe and a second exhaust pipe; the first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe are respectively provided with a first air valve and a second air valve, and the first exhaust pipe is The pipe and the second exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve.

A method for extracting zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap from a molten iron bath, including the following specific steps:

S1: Feeding reaction: Add organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace through the feeding system. The above raw materials meet and react with the high-temperature molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace. , during the reaction process, the iron oxides in the iron-containing solid waste are reduced and replenished into the molten iron, and the zinc oxides in the zinc-containing solid waste are reduced in the molten iron and generate zinc vapor. The organic solid waste is mixed with the molten iron. Under the action of high-temperature molten iron and oxygen, a cracking-gasification reaction occurs to produce syngas. The syngas contains two combustible gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The syngas is mixed with zinc vapor to form furnace gas, which is discharged from the furnace gas channel. ;

S2: Zinc vapor condensation: When the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the liquid throwing impeller throws up part of the zinc liquid when it rotates. After the zinc liquid is thrown up, a large number of zinc droplets form above the zinc liquid pool and then fall back to the zinc liquid pool. In the process, the zinc vapor in the furnace gas liquefies after contact with the zinc droplets and blends into the zinc droplets. The cooling tube cools the zinc liquid pool to maintain the temperature of the zinc liquid pool at 500~600℃;

S3: Gas purification and collection: After the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the waste heat in the furnace gas is first recovered through the waste heat boiler, and then the furnace gas is dusted through the dust collector. After dust removal, pure gas is obtained, and the gas is stored in the gas compressor enter the gas storage tank for storage;

S4: Zinc distillation and purification: The zinc liquid in the zinc liquid pool enters the zinc liquid distillation tank through the zinc liquid insulated flow pipe, and the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank is heated by the gas heating device to evaporate the zinc liquid to form zinc vapor; at the same time , pass the inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank through the inert gas input pipe, and drive the zinc vapor to volatilize outward through the inert gas; the zinc vapor enters the zinc vapor condensation tank through the core vapor channel; pass it into the zinc vapor cooling chamber Inject cooling water to maintain the low temperature in the zinc vapor cooling chamber to condense the zinc vapor in the zinc vapor condensation tank. After condensation, high-purity liquid or solid crystallized metallic zinc is obtained; the inert gas is returned to the inert gas storage through the inert gas return pipe. in the jar.

Preferably, the heating method of the gas heating device is as follows: first switch to the first air inlet state. At this time, the first gas valve, the first air valve, and the second exhaust valve are in the open state, and the second gas valve and the second air valve are in the open state. and the first exhaust valve is in a closed state, the gas in the gas storage tank is sprayed into the heating chamber from the first gas nozzle on the first gas pipe, and the outside air enters the heating chamber from the first air pipe to mix with the gas. The air is mixed and burned in the heating chamber to heat the zinc liquid distillation tank. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the second exhaust pipe; the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the second ceramic regenerator during the discharge process, and the second ceramic regenerator The body stores heat and heats up; after burning for a specific time, it switches to the second intake state. At this time, the second gas valve, the second air valve, and the first exhaust valve are in the open state, and the first gas valve, the first air valve, and The second exhaust valve is in a closed state, the gas in the gas storage tank is sprayed into the heating chamber from the second gas nozzle on the second gas pipe, and the outside air enters the heating chamber from the second air pipe to mix with the gas. When entering the heating chamber, it will pass through the second ceramic regenerator which is in a high temperature state. The second ceramic regenerator can heat the incoming air and increase the temperature of the inlet air. The gas and air are mixed and burned in the heating chamber. The zinc liquid distillation tank is heated, and the high-temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the first exhaust pipe. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the first ceramic regenerator during the discharge process. The first ceramic regenerator stores heat and heats up; burns for a specific time Then, switch to the first air intake state, and so on.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the present invention, organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste are comprehensively treated through molten iron. After treatment, the iron and zinc in the solid waste can be recovered, and at the same time, the treatment process The combustible gas produced can provide fuel for the zinc distillation process, reducing dependence and consumption on external energy. Compared with the existing treatment technology, the present invention has fewer steps in the overall process, a simple process method, a short process, and low energy consumption. There is no need to consume a large amount of coal and coke during the entire treatment process. It has low cost, low carbon emissions, and little environmental pollution.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the liquid rejection device and cooling tubes in the zinc vapor condensation system.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid rejection device.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of the zinc liquid distillation system.

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the combustion heating system in the zinc liquid distillation system.

In the picture: 101, molten iron bath reduction furnace, 102, molten iron, 103, slag liquid, 104, tap hole, 105, slag discharge port, 106, organic solid waste spray gun, 107, iron-containing solid waste spray gun, 108. Zinc-containing solid waste spray gun, 109. Oxygen gun, 110. Oxygen buffer tank, 111. Organic solid waste storage tank, 112. Iron-containing solid waste storage tank, 113. Zinc-containing solid waste storage tank, 119. Furnace gas channel , 120. Injection carrier gas storage tank, 200. Zinc vapor condensation system, 201. Zinc liquid pool, 202. Molten zinc liquid, 203. Liquid rejection impeller, 205. Cooling tube, 211. Bearing bracket, 212. Driven gear , 213. Driving gear, 214. Driving bearing frame, 215. Driving shaft, 216. Driving motor, 217. Motor cover, 231. Zinc liquid insulation flow pipe, 232. Zinc liquid valve, 301. Waste heat boiler, 302. Dust collector , 303. Gas compressor, 304. Gas storage tank, 500. Zinc liquid distillation system, 501. Zinc liquid distillation tank, 502. Heating chamber, 503. Zinc vapor condensation tank, 504. Zinc vapor cooling room, 505. Vacuum pump set , 506. Inert gas storage tank, 507. Inert gas input pipe, 508. Inert gas distribution plate, 509. Zinc condensation tank cover, 511. Gas input pipe, 512. Flue gas exhaust port, 512A, first flue gas exhaust port , 512B, second flue gas outlet, 521, cooling water inlet, 522, cooling water outlet, 531, gas reversing valve, 532A, first gas valve, 532B, second gas valve, 533A, first gas nozzle, 533B, second gas nozzle, 534A, first waste gas reversing valve, 534B, second waste gas reversing valve, 535A, first air valve, 535B, second air valve, 536A, first exhaust valve, 536B, Two exhaust valves, 537A, first ceramic heat storage body, 537B, second ceramic heat storage body.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Those skilled in the art will understand that in the disclosure of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientations or positional relationships indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and The description is simplified and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore the above terminology should not be construed as limiting the invention.

It should be understood that the term "a" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in other embodiments, the number of the element may be The number may be multiple, and the term "one" shall not be understood as a limitation on the number.

As shown in Figure 1-5, a molten iron bath extraction device for zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap includes a molten iron bath reduction furnace 101 and a feeding system. The molten iron bath reduction furnace is equipped with molten iron 102. The molten iron 102 A molten slag 103 is formed above, and the temperatures of the molten iron and the molten slag are maintained at 1350-1500°C. The feeding system is used to add organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. The main component of the molten iron 102 is molten iron, and also contains a certain amount of carbon element.

Specifically, the feeding system includes an organic solid waste storage tank 111, an iron-containing solid waste storage tank 112, a zinc-containing solid waste storage tank 113, an organic solid waste spray gun 106, an iron-containing solid waste spray gun 107, a zinc-containing solid waste spray gun 108, and oxygen. Buffer tank 110, oxygen lance 109, injection carrier gas storage tank 120. The injection carrier gas storage tank 120 stores the injection carrier gas for injecting materials, and the injection carrier gas may be carbon dioxide or nitrogen. The organic solid waste spray gun 106, the iron-containing solid waste spray gun 107, the zinc-containing solid waste spray gun 108, and the oxygen lance 109 are all set on the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. The organic solid waste spray gun 106, the iron-containing solid waste spray gun 107, and the zinc-containing solid waste spray gun 106 The nozzle ends of the waste lance 108 and the oxygen lance 109 are located in the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. The organic solid waste spray gun 106 is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank 120 through the organic solid waste injection pipe, the iron-containing solid waste spray gun 107 is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank 120 through the iron-containing solid waste injection pipe, and the zinc-containing solid waste spray gun 108 It is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank 120 through a zinc-containing solid waste injection pipe. The organic solid waste storage tank 111, the iron-containing solid waste storage tank 112, and the zinc-containing solid waste storage tank 113 are respectively connected to the organic solid waste blowing pipe, the iron-containing solid waste blowing pipe, and the zinc-containing solid waste blowing pipe; the oxygen buffer tank 110 Connected to oxygen gun 109. The feeding system is used to inject solid materials and gases deep into the molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace. Among them, organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste are pre-processed into powder form and stored in the organic solid waste storage tank 111, iron-containing solid waste storage tank 112, and zinc-containing solid waste storage tank 113 respectively. The injection carrier gas is stored in the injection carrier gas storage tank 120 in the form of compressed gas. The injection carrier gas will pass through the organic solid waste injection pipe, the iron-containing solid waste injection pipe, and the zinc-containing solid waste injection pipe respectively in the form of high-speed air flow. Blow pipe, when passing through, the organic solid waste in the organic solid waste storage tank will enter the organic solid waste spray gun 106 under the spray carrier gas, and the iron-containing solid waste in the iron-containing solid waste storage tank will be sprayed The carrier gas is blown into the iron-containing solid waste spray gun 107, and the zinc-containing solid waste in the zinc-containing solid waste storage tank will be blown into the zinc-containing solid waste spray gun 108 by the carrier gas. Finally, the three spray guns The three solid waste materials will be sprayed into the molten iron 102 in the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101 and react.

After the organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste enter the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101, they will react with the high-temperature molten iron liquid 102.

Among them, organic solid waste will undergo thermal cracking reaction under the catalysis of high-temperature molten iron, and react with oxygen to cause gasification reaction. The reaction process is as follows:

C _n H _m O _x N _y Cl _z +Fe→[Fe-Fe ₃ C]+CO+H ₂ +N ₂ +HCl

The C element is dissolved in the molten iron. After adding oxygen, the carbon is partially oxidized to CO and CO ₂ gas, and H ₂ is partially oxidized to H ₂ O (water vapor). The total gasification reaction is

C _n H _m O _x N _y Cl _z +O ₂ →CO+CO ₂ +H ₂ +H ₂ O+N ₂ +HCl;

The iron oxides in the iron-containing solid waste undergo a reduction reaction in the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101, and the dissolved carbon is reduced to iron metal. The reaction process is as follows:

FeO _x +x[C]=xCO+Fe;

FeO _x +5xCO=Fe+xCO ₂ +4xCO;

2FeO _x +5xH ₂ =2Fe+3xH ₂ +2xH ₂ O;

The reduced iron metal is integrated into the molten iron 102 to replenish the molten iron 102 . In the present invention, a tap hole 104 is provided on the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. When the molten iron in the molten iron 102 accumulates to a certain amount, a certain amount of molten iron only needs to be taken out through the tap hole 104. Yes, thus realizing the recovery and extraction of iron.

The zinc oxide in the zinc-containing solid waste will also undergo a reduction reaction in the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. The reaction process is as follows:

ZnO+[C]=Zn(g)↑+CO;

ZnO+CO=Zn(g)↑+CO ₂ ;

ZnO+H ₂ =Zn(g)↑+H ₂ O(g)↑;

The zinc oxide contained in the zinc-containing solid waste is also reduced. Since zinc is volatile, the reduced zinc metal directly forms zinc vapor under the action of high-temperature molten iron. Some gas and other elements or compounds in iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and organic solid waste are multiple inert inorganic oxides such as silicon oxide, calcium oxide, and aluminum oxide. These oxides usually do not participate in the reaction and eventually enter the slag liquid. 103 in. In the present invention, a slag discharge port 105 is provided on the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101. When the slag liquid 103 accumulates to a certain amount, the slag discharge port 105 can be opened and a part of the slag liquid is released. The slag liquid can be used as a comprehensive building material product. It is a high-quality molten glassy building material raw material that can be used to make crystallized glass, cement additives, brick-making raw materials, paving raw materials, concrete raw materials, etc.

After the above reaction in the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101, the main components of the furnace gas generated are zinc vapor, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide, and are also mixed with certain solid particle impurities. The temperature of the furnace gas is about 1400°C.

The molten iron bath reduction furnace 101 is provided with a furnace gas channel 119, and the furnace gas channel 109 is successively provided with a zinc vapor condensation system, a waste heat boiler 301, a dust collector 302, a gas compressor 303, and a gas storage tank 304. The zinc vapor condensation system is connected to the zinc liquid distillation system 500 . After the organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste enter the molten iron bath reduction furnace 101, they react and generate furnace gas. The furnace gas contains zinc vapor, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. When the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the furnace The zinc vapor in the gas is condensed into zinc liquid, and the zinc liquid is passed to the zinc liquid distillation system for distillation and purification. After the zinc vapor is extracted, the remaining carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the furnace gas will pass through the waste heat boiler 301, the dust collector 302, and the gas compressor 303 in sequence and then enter the gas storage tank 304. As combustible gases, the carbon monoxide and hydrogen can distill the zinc liquid. The system provides heating fuel.

Among them, the zinc vapor condensation system includes a cooling tank, and the furnace gas passes through the cooling tank. The cooling tank is provided with a zinc liquid pool 201, a cooling pipe 205, and a liquid rejection device. The liquefied molten zinc liquid 202 is gathered in the cooling tank to form Zinc pool 201. One part of the cooling pipes 205 is located above the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool 201 , and the other part of the cooling pipes 205 is located below the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool 201 . The cooling pipe 205 is kept parallel to the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool 201. The liquid slinging device includes a liquid slinging impeller 203 disposed at the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool 201 and a driving mechanism for driving the liquid slinging impeller 203 to rotate.

The driving mechanism includes bearing brackets 211 and a motor 216 arranged on both sides of the cooling tank. A rotating shaft is provided between the bearing brackets 211. The rotating shaft is parallel to the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool 201, and the liquid rejection impeller 203 is connected to the rotating shaft. The motor 216 is fixed on the cooling tank. The motor 216 is located outside the cooling tank. A motor cover 217 is fixed on the outside of the motor 216 . The motor 216 is connected to a driving shaft 215, the driving shaft 215 is connected to a driving gear 213, and the rotating shaft is connected to a driven gear 212 corresponding to the driving gear 213. The driving gear 213 meshes with the driven gear 212. Among them, the liquid rejection impeller 203 can be made of graphite, ductile iron, carbon steel, alloy steel or stainless steel, with a ceramic protective layer on the surface, an outer diameter of 300-500mm, and a rotating speed of 300-600rpm.

The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the driving gear and the driven gear. When the rotating shaft rotates, it drives the liquid throwing impeller 203 to rotate. When the liquid throwing impeller rotates, it can throw the zinc liquid upward, thereby forming a large number of zinc liquid droplets above the zinc liquid pool, forming a " "Rain Curtain of Liquid Zinc" before falling back into the pool of liquid zinc.

Among them, the temperature of the molten zinc liquid 202 in the zinc liquid pool 201 is 500-600°C, and the zinc vapor in the furnace gas will liquefy to form liquid zinc after encountering the relatively low temperature "zinc liquid rain curtain", and fall into the zinc liquid. in the pool to achieve condensation of zinc. There is a flowing cooling medium in the cooling pipe 205, which is used to cool down the zinc liquid pool so that the molten zinc liquid 202 in the zinc liquid pool is maintained at a temperature of 500-600°C.

The zinc liquid distillation system 500 includes a zinc liquid distillation tank 501 and a zinc vapor condensation tank 503. A gas heating device is provided on the outside of the zinc liquid distillation tank 501, and the gas heating device is connected to the gas storage tank 304. The zinc liquid distillation tank 501 is connected to the zinc liquid pool 201 in the cooling tank through a zinc liquid insulating flow pipe 231, and a zinc liquid valve 232 is provided on the zinc liquid insulating flow pipe 231. The zinc liquid in the cooling tank enters the zinc liquid distillation tank 501 through the zinc liquid insulated flow pipe 231, and the zinc liquid is distilled to extract high-purity metallic zinc. The upper end of the zinc liquid distillation tank 501 and the zinc vapor condensation tank 503 are connected through a zinc vapor channel. A zinc vapor cooling chamber 504 is provided outside the zinc vapor condensation tank 503. The zinc vapor cooling chamber 504 is provided with a cooling water inlet 521 and a cooling water outlet 522. The zinc liquid distillation tank 503 is connected to an inert gas input pipe 507. One end of the inert gas input pipe 507 extends into the bottom of the zinc liquid distillation tank 501 and is connected to an inert gas distribution plate 508 at this end. The other end of the inert gas input pipe 507 One end is connected to the inert gas storage tank 506. The inert gas storage tank 506 stores inert gas, which is carbon dioxide or nitrogen. The zinc vapor condensation tank 503 and the inert gas storage tank 506 are connected through an inert gas return pipe, and a vacuum pump set 505 is provided on the inert gas return pipe. The zinc vapor condensation tank 503 is also provided with an openable and closable zinc condensation tank cover 509. The inert gas storage tank 506 circulates inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank 501 . By circulating inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank 501, the zinc liquid can be stirred and the evaporation of the zinc liquid can be promoted.

The gas heating device includes a heating chamber 502, which is arranged around the outside of the zinc liquid distillation tank 501. The gas storage tank 304 is connected to a gas input pipe 511. One end of the gas input pipe 511 is provided with a gas reversing valve 531. The input port on the gas reversing valve 531 is connected to the gas input pipe. The two gas reversing valves 531 The first gas pipe and the second gas pipe are respectively connected to the output port, and the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe are connected to both sides of the heating chamber 502 respectively. A first gas nozzle 533A is provided on the first gas pipe, and a second gas nozzle 533B is provided on the second gas pipe. The first gas nozzle 533A and the second gas nozzle 533B are both located in the heating chamber 502 . A first gas valve 532A and a second gas valve 532B are respectively provided on the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe. A first intake and exhaust port and a second intake and exhaust port are respectively provided on both sides of the heating chamber 502. A first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the outside of the first intake and exhaust port, and a first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the outside of the second intake and exhaust port. The second intake and exhaust passage is provided with a first ceramic heat storage body 537A at a position where the first intake and exhaust passage is connected to the first intake and exhaust port, and a first ceramic heat storage body 537A is provided at a position where the second intake and exhaust passage is connected to the second exhaust port. A second ceramic heat storage body 537B is provided, and both the first ceramic heat storage body 537A and the second ceramic heat storage body 537B are provided with pore structures that allow gas to pass through. The first exhaust gas reversing valve 534A is provided at one end of the first intake and exhaust passage away from the first inlet and exhaust port. One of the interfaces on the first exhaust gas reversing valve 534A is connected to the first intake and exhaust passage. The remaining two interfaces on the valve are respectively connected to a first air inlet pipe and a first exhaust pipe. The second exhaust gas reversing valve 534B is provided at one end of the second intake and exhaust passage away from the second intake and exhaust port. One of the interfaces on the second exhaust gas reversing valve 534B is connected to the second intake and exhaust pipe. The remaining two interfaces on the reversing valve 534B are respectively connected to the second air intake pipe and the second exhaust pipe. The first air intake pipe and the second air intake pipe are respectively provided with a first air valve 535A and a second air valve 535B. The first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first exhaust valve 536A and a second exhaust valve. Air valve 536B.

A method for extracting zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap from a molten iron bath, including the following specific steps:

S1: Feeding reaction: Add organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace through the feeding system. The above raw materials meet and react with the high-temperature molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace. , during the reaction process, the iron oxides in the iron-containing solid waste are reduced and replenished into the molten iron, and the zinc oxides in the zinc-containing solid waste are reduced in the molten iron and generate zinc vapor. The organic solid waste is mixed with the molten iron. Under the action of high-temperature molten iron and oxygen, a cracking-gasification reaction occurs to produce syngas. The syngas contains two combustible gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The syngas is mixed with zinc vapor to form furnace gas, which is discharged from the furnace gas channel. .

S2: Zinc vapor condensation: When the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the liquid throwing impeller throws up part of the zinc liquid when it rotates. After the zinc liquid is thrown up, a large number of zinc droplets form above the zinc liquid pool and then fall back to the zinc liquid pool. In the furnace gas, the zinc vapor in the furnace gas liquefies after contact with the zinc droplets and blends into the zinc droplets. The cooling tube cools the cooling tank to maintain the temperature of the zinc liquid pool at 500~600°C.

S3: Gas purification and collection: After the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the waste heat in the furnace gas is first recovered through the waste heat boiler, and then the furnace gas is dusted through the dust collector. After dust removal, pure gas is obtained, and the gas is stored in the gas compressor It enters the gas storage tank for storage.

S4: Zinc distillation and purification: The zinc liquid in the zinc liquid pool enters the zinc liquid distillation tank through the zinc liquid insulated flow pipe, and the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank is heated by the gas heating device to evaporate the zinc liquid to form zinc vapor; at the same time , pass the inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank through the inert gas input pipe, and drive the zinc vapor to volatilize outward through the inert gas; the zinc vapor enters the zinc vapor condensation tank through the zinc vapor channel; pass it into the zinc vapor cooling chamber The cooling water is poured in, and the zinc vapor in the zinc vapor condensation tank is condensed through the zinc vapor cooling chamber. After condensation, high-purity liquid or solid crystallized metallic zinc is obtained; the inert gas is returned to the inert gas storage tank through the inert gas return pipe. .

The heating method of the gas heating device is as follows: first switch to the first air intake state. At this time, the first gas valve, the first air valve, and the second exhaust valve are in the open state. The second gas valve, the second air valve, and the second exhaust valve are in the open state. An exhaust valve is in a closed state, the gas in the gas storage tank is sprayed into the heating chamber from the first gas nozzle on the first gas pipe, and the outside air enters the heating chamber from the first air pipe to mix with the gas, and the gas mixes with the air Then it is burned in the heating chamber to heat the zinc liquid distillation tank, and the high-temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the second exhaust pipe; the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the second ceramic regenerator during the discharge process, and the second ceramic regenerator stores heat and heat up; after burning for a specific time, switch to the second air intake state. At this time, the second gas valve, the second air valve, and the first exhaust valve are in the open state, and the first gas valve, the first air valve, and the second exhaust valve are open. The exhaust valve is in a closed state, the gas in the gas storage tank is sprayed into the heating chamber from the second gas nozzle on the second gas pipe, and the outside air enters the heating chamber from the second air pipe to mix with the gas. During the process of the chamber, it will enter the second ceramic regenerator in a high temperature state. The second ceramic regenerator can heat the incoming air and increase the inlet air temperature. The gas and air are mixed and burned in the heating chamber, which affects the zinc. The liquid distillation tank is heated, and the high-temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the first exhaust pipe. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the first ceramic regenerator during the discharge process, and the first ceramic regenerator stores heat and heats up; after burning for a specific time, Then switch to the first air intake state, and so on. In the above heating method, the first ceramic regenerator and the second ceramic regenerator are heated with the help of the burned exhaust gas. The first ceramic regenerator and the second ceramic regenerator accumulate heat and increase the temperature, and then use the first ceramic regenerator to heat up the heat. The heating body and the second ceramic regenerator preheat the air. In this way, the exhaust temperature of the combustion exhaust gas is reduced, while the intake air temperature is increased. The gas heat energy utilization rate can be increased from 15-30% to 60-70%. %, thus reducing the waste of heat and achieving a good energy-saving effect.

In the present invention, organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste and zinc-containing solid waste are comprehensively processed through molten iron. After the treatment, the iron and zinc in the solid waste can be recovered, and the combustible gas generated during the treatment can be The zinc distillation process provides fuel, reducing dependence on and consumption of external energy sources. Compared with the existing treatment technology, the present invention has fewer steps in the overall process, a simple process method, a short process, and low energy consumption. There is no need to consume a large amount of coal and coke during the entire treatment process. It has low cost, low carbon emissions, and little environmental pollution.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned best embodiment. Anyone can produce various other forms of products under the inspiration of the present invention. However, regardless of any changes in its shape or structure, any product with the same or similar properties as the present invention can be made. Similar technical solutions all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A zinc-containing and iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device, characterized in that it includes a molten iron bath reduction furnace and a feeding system. The molten iron bath reduction furnace is equipped with molten iron, and the feeding system is used to add molten iron to the molten iron bath. Organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen are added to the reduction furnace. The molten iron bath reduction furnace is equipped with a furnace gas channel. The furnace gas channel is successively equipped with a zinc vapor condensation system, a waste heat boiler, a dust collector, The gas compressor, gas storage tank, and zinc vapor condensation system are connected to the zinc liquid distillation system; the reaction in the molten iron bath reduction furnace produces furnace gas, which contains zinc vapor, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. When the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the furnace The zinc vapor in the gas is condensed into zinc liquid, and the zinc liquid is passed to the zinc liquid distillation system for distillation and purification. The carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the furnace gas enter the gas storage tank and provide heating fuel for the zinc liquid distillation system. 2. The zinc-containing and iron-containing solid waste molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding system includes an organic solid waste storage tank, an iron-containing solid waste storage tank, a zinc-containing solid waste storage tank, Organic solid waste spray gun, iron-containing solid waste spray gun, zinc-containing solid waste spray gun, oxygen buffer tank, oxygen lance, injection carrier gas storage tank, organic solid waste spray gun, iron-containing solid waste spray gun, zinc-containing solid waste spray gun, oxygen gun Both are installed on the molten iron bath reduction furnace; the organic solid waste spray gun is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank through the organic solid waste injection pipe, and the iron-containing solid waste spray gun is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank through the iron-containing solid waste injection pipe. The zinc-containing solid waste spray gun is connected to the injection carrier gas storage tank through the zinc-containing solid waste blowing pipe. The mechanical solid waste storage tank, the iron-containing solid waste storage tank, and the zinc-containing solid waste storage tank are connected to the organic solid waste blowing pipe and the zinc-containing solid waste storage tank respectively. On the iron solid waste injection pipe and the zinc-containing solid waste injection pipe; the oxygen buffer tank is connected to the oxygen lance; the feeding system is used to inject solid materials and gases deep into the molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace. 3. The zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 2, characterized in that the zinc vapor condensation system includes a cooling tank, the furnace gas passes through the cooling tank, and a zinc liquid is provided in the cooling tank. Pool, cooling pipe, and liquid rejection device. The liquid rejection device includes a liquid rejection impeller arranged at the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool and a driving mechanism for driving the liquid rejection impeller to rotate; part of the cooling pipes is located above the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool. , the other part of the cooling tube is located below the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool. 4. The zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 3, characterized in that the driving mechanism includes bearing brackets and a motor arranged on both sides of the interior of the cooling tank, and a rotating shaft is provided between the bearing brackets. , the rotating shaft is parallel to the liquid level of the zinc liquid pool, the liquid throwing impeller is connected to the rotating shaft, the motor is fixed on the cooling tank, the motor is connected to a driving shaft, the driving shaft is connected to a driving gear, and the rotating shaft is connected to a corresponding driving gear The driven gear meshes with the driven gear. 5. The zinc-containing iron-containing solid waste molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 4, characterized in that the zinc liquid distillation system includes a zinc liquid distillation tank and a zinc vapor condensation tank, and there is a zinc liquid distillation tank on the outside. Gas heating device, the gas heating device is connected to the gas storage tank, and the zinc liquid distillation tank is connected to the zinc liquid pool in the cooling tank through a zinc liquid insulated flow pipe. A zinc liquid valve is provided on the zinc liquid insulated flow pipe; the upper end of the zinc liquid distillation tank It is connected to the zinc vapor condensation tank through a zinc vapor channel; a zinc vapor cooling chamber is provided on the outside of the zinc vapor condensation tank, and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are provided on the zinc vapor cooling chamber; the zinc liquid distillation tank is connected to an inert gas Input pipe, one end of the inert gas input pipe extends into the bottom of the zinc liquid distillation tank and is connected to an inert gas distribution plate at this end. The other end of the inert gas input pipe is connected to the inert gas storage tank, the zinc vapor condensation tank and the inert gas storage tank. The tanks are connected through an inert gas return pipe, and a vacuum pump unit is installed on the inert gas return pipe. 6. The zinc-containing and iron-containing solid waste molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the inert gas storage tank circulates inert gas into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank. 7. The zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that the gas heating device includes a heating chamber, and the heating chamber is arranged around the outside of the zinc liquid distillation tank; on the gas storage tank A gas input pipe is connected. One end of the gas input pipe is provided with a gas reversing valve. The input port on the gas reversing valve is connected to the gas input pipe. The two output ports on the gas reversing valve are respectively connected to the first gas pipe and the gas reversing valve. The second gas pipe, the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe are respectively connected to both sides of the heating chamber. The first gas pipe is provided with a first gas nozzle, and the second gas pipe is provided with a second gas nozzle. The first gas valve and the second gas valve are respectively provided on the pipe and the second gas pipe; the first intake and exhaust ports and the second intake and exhaust ports are respectively provided on both sides of the heating chamber. A first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the outside of the second intake and exhaust port. A second intake and exhaust channel is connected to the outside. A first ceramic heat storage is provided at a position where the first intake and exhaust channel is connected to the first intake and exhaust port. body, a second ceramic heat storage body is provided at a position where the second intake and exhaust passage is connected to the second exhaust port, and the first ceramic heat storage body and the second ceramic heat storage body are both provided with pores that allow gas to pass through Structure, the first exhaust gas reversing valve is provided at one end of the first intake and exhaust passage away from the first intake and exhaust port, one of the interfaces on the first exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the first intake and exhaust passage, and the first exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the first exhaust gas reversing valve. The remaining two interfaces on the valve are respectively connected to a first air intake pipe and a first exhaust pipe; an end of the second air intake and exhaust passage away from the second air intake and exhaust port is provided with a second waste gas reversing valve, and the second exhaust gas reversing valve is One of the interfaces on the exhaust gas reversing valve is connected to the second intake and exhaust pipes, and the remaining two interfaces on the second exhaust gas reversing valve are connected to the second air intake pipe and the second exhaust pipe respectively; the first air inlet pipe and The second air intake pipe is provided with a first air valve and a second air valve respectively, and the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe are respectively provided with a first exhaust valve and a second exhaust valve. 8. An extraction method of the zinc-containing iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that it includes the following specific steps: S1: Feeding reaction: Add organic solid waste, iron-containing solid waste, zinc-containing solid waste and oxygen into the molten iron bath reduction furnace through the feeding system. The above raw materials meet and react with the high-temperature molten iron in the molten iron bath reduction furnace. , during the reaction process, the iron oxides in the iron-containing solid waste are reduced and replenished into the molten iron, and the zinc oxides in the zinc-containing solid waste are reduced in the molten iron and generate zinc vapor. The organic solid waste is mixed with the molten iron. Under the action of high-temperature molten iron and oxygen, a cracking-gasification reaction occurs to produce syngas. The syngas contains two combustible gases, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The syngas is mixed with zinc vapor to form furnace gas, which is discharged from the furnace gas channel. ; S2: Zinc vapor condensation: When the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the liquid throwing impeller throws up part of the zinc liquid when it rotates. After the zinc liquid is thrown up, a large number of zinc droplets form above the zinc liquid pool and then fall back to the zinc liquid pool. In the process, the zinc vapor in the furnace gas liquefies after contact with the zinc droplets and merges into the zinc droplets. At the same time, the zinc droplets are heated up. The cooling tube cools the zinc liquid pool to maintain the temperature of the zinc liquid pool at 500~600℃. ; S3: Gas purification and collection: After the furnace gas passes through the zinc vapor condensation system, the waste heat in the furnace gas is first recovered through the waste heat boiler, and then the furnace gas is dusted through the dust collector. After dust removal, pure gas is obtained, and the gas is stored in the gas compressor enter the gas storage tank for storage; S4: Zinc distillation and purification: The zinc liquid in the zinc liquid pool enters the zinc liquid distillation tank through the zinc liquid insulated flow pipe, and the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank is indirectly heated by the gas heating device to evaporate the zinc liquid to form zinc vapor; At the same time, inert gas is introduced into the zinc liquid in the zinc liquid distillation tank through the inert gas input pipe, and the inert gas drives the zinc vapor to volatilize outward; the zinc vapor enters the zinc vapor condensation tank through the zinc vapor channel; it flows into the zinc vapor cooling chamber Cooling water is introduced to maintain the low temperature in the zinc vapor cooling chamber to condense the zinc vapor in the zinc vapor condensation tank. After condensation, high-purity liquid or solid crystallized metallic zinc is obtained; the inert gas is returned to the inert gas through the inert gas return pipe. in the storage tank. 9. The zinc-containing and iron-containing solid scrap molten iron bath extraction method according to claim 8, characterized in that the heating method of the gas heating device is as follows: first switch to the first air intake state, at this time the first gas valve, the third The first air valve and the second exhaust valve are in an open state, the second gas valve, the second air valve and the first exhaust valve are in a closed state, and the gas in the gas storage tank is sprayed from the first gas nozzle on the first gas pipe. Entering the heating chamber, the outside air enters the heating chamber from the first air pipe and mixes with the gas. The gas and air are mixed and burned in the heating chamber to heat the zinc liquid distillation tank. The high-temperature tail gas generated after combustion flows from the second exhaust gas The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the second ceramic regenerator during the discharge process, and the second ceramic regenerator stores heat and heats up; after burning for a specific time, it switches to the second air intake state. At this time, the second gas valve, the second The air valve and the first exhaust valve are in an open state, the first gas valve, the first air valve and the second exhaust valve are in a closed state, and the gas in the gas storage tank is injected from the second gas nozzle on the second gas pipe. In the heating chamber, the outside air enters the heating chamber from the second air pipe and mixes with the gas. When the outside air enters the heating chamber, it will pass through the second ceramic regenerator that is in a high-temperature state. The second ceramic regenerator can The incoming air is heated to increase the intake air temperature. The gas and air are mixed and burned in the heating chamber to heat the zinc liquid distillation tank. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated after combustion is discharged from the first exhaust pipe. The high-temperature exhaust gas is discharged during the discharge process. After passing through the first ceramic regenerator, the first ceramic regenerator stores heat and heats up; after burning for a specific time, it switches to the first air intake state, and so on.