CN117970001B - SDBD ion wind motor energy loss analysis method and system - Google Patents
SDBD ion wind motor energy loss analysis method and systemInfo
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- CN117970001B CN117970001B CN202410155514.8A CN202410155514A CN117970001B CN 117970001 B CN117970001 B CN 117970001B CN 202410155514 A CN202410155514 A CN 202410155514A CN 117970001 B CN117970001 B CN 117970001B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for analyzing energy loss of an SDBD ion wind motor, which relate to the field of ion wind motors, the method comprises the steps of constructing a solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a double-layer composite dielectric equivalent circuit by equivalent energy loss in the SDBD ion wind motor as circuit energy loss, and calculate the equivalent circuit parameter of solid dielectric and discharge plasma area under alternating electric field separately, analyze the change law of each equivalent electric component parameter along with voltage, each partial loss to quantify ion wind engine, have important meaning to study plasma macroscopic discharge and electrical loss characteristic of engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ion wind engines, in particular to an analysis method and an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind engine.
Background
The gas is collided and ionized under the action of high voltage to generate charged particles, and the charged particles are accelerated under the action of an electric field and exchange with momentum caused by collision of air molecules, which is macroscopically expressed as fluid motion and is called as 'ion wind'. The ion wind gradually becomes a research hot spot due to the advantages of low noise, low power consumption, high response speed, no mechanical moving parts and the like. In the propulsion field, the ionic wind can control boundary layer fluid and inhibit wing airflow separation, so that air resistance during flight is reduced, and the lift force of an aircraft is improved.
Ion wind is a phenomenon of gas discharge, and the generation mode mainly comprises corona discharge and surface dielectric barrier discharge (Surface Dielectric BarrierDischarge, SDBD). Compared with other discharge forms, the surface dielectric barrier discharge plasma excitation device has the advantages of simple structure, good robustness, wide excitation frequency band and the like.
In the face of the application requirements of the ion wind engine under the atmospheric pressure and low pressure environment, researchers at home and abroad respectively develop a great deal of research work from theoretical and experimental aspects. In theoretical exploration, researchers estimate that the ion wind effect electric-kinetic energy conversion efficiency can reach 20% at most by adopting a one-dimensional model, and also demonstrate the attenuation trend of the ion wind effect ion engine performance with the increase of the flying height, and when the height is increased from 0 (atmospheric pressure environment) to 20km (about 5000 Pa), the push-out ratio is reduced by about 80%. Researchers also evaluate that a single-needle ion wind effect ion engine can only reach 100nN under the condition of low air pressure by adopting a simulation means, and the core contradiction of low electric-kinetic energy conversion efficiency of other Fisher-Brownian effects is more exposed.
Therefore, there is a need for a method that can explore the energy loss paths of a surface dielectric barrier discharge ion wind turbine, quantify the loss ratio of each energy conversion path, and define the engine energy loss mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an analysis method and an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD (Standard discharge device) ion wind engine, which can explore energy loss paths of an ion wind engine with surface dielectric barrier discharge, establish an ion engine electro-kinetic energy conversion model, quantify loss duty ratio of each energy conversion path, determine engine energy loss mechanism and provide theoretical basis and guidance for improving electro-kinetic energy conversion efficiency and power performance of the ion wind engine.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for analyzing energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine, comprising:
A solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field is constructed, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind motor device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field;
collecting a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit;
Calculating the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance and the solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current respectively;
Constructing a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, wherein the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit comprises the solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma region equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit is connected with the first equivalent capacitor in parallel, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first resistor represents the resistor between an upper electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device and a virtual electrode formed by ion space charge accumulation, the first capacitor represents the capacitor between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents the capacitor between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device;
Collecting a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
and calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine, comprising:
The first construction module is used for constructing a solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind turbine device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit;
a solid dielectric parameter calculation module, configured to calculate the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance, and a solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage, and an initial phase angle of the first total current, respectively;
The second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, wherein the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit comprises the solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit is connected with the first equivalent capacitor in parallel, the discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first resistor represents the resistor between an upper electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device and a virtual electrode formed by ion space charge accumulation, the first capacitor represents the capacitor between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents the capacitor between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
And the discharge plasma region parameter calculation module is used for calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
The invention provides an analysis method and a system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind motor, wherein the analysis method comprises the steps of constructing a solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a double-layer composite dielectric equivalent circuit, respectively calculating equivalent circuit parameters of a solid dielectric and a discharge plasma region under an alternating electric field, analyzing the change rule of parameters of various equivalent electric components along with voltage, quantifying the loss of various parts of the ion wind motor, and having important significance for researching the macroscopic discharge of the plasma and the electric loss characteristics of the motor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an SDBD ion wind turbine device in the method for analyzing energy loss of the SDBD ion wind turbine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the variation trend of the theory of the electro-kinetic energy conversion of the ion wind engine in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of an analysis method of energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first equivalent circuit of a solid dielectric in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid dielectric equivalent circuit in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the phase of alternating current signals of the solid dielectric in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of the dual-layer composite dielectric in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 (a) is a schematic diagram of the equivalent circuit of SDBD in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 8 (b) is a schematic diagram of the simplest equivalent circuit of SDBD in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 8 (c) is a phase diagram of the simplest equivalent circuit of SDBD in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of voltage versus charge for a plasma engine in accordance with example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of analysis of the solid dielectric portion of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a flow chart of analysis of the discharge plasma portion of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide an analysis method and an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD (Standard discharge device) ion wind engine, which can explore energy loss paths of an ion wind engine with surface dielectric barrier discharge, establish an ion engine electro-kinetic energy conversion model, quantify loss duty ratio of each energy conversion path, determine engine energy loss mechanism and provide theoretical basis and guidance for improving electro-kinetic energy conversion efficiency and power performance of the ion wind engine.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the SDBD device is composed of two electrodes and one insulating dielectric plate, wherein one electrode is placed in air, called an exposed electrode, and the other electrode is encapsulated in an insulating medium, called an encapsulated electrode. The two electrodes are asymmetrically distributed on two sides of the insulating medium, and after sinusoidal AC excitation voltage is applied to the exposed electrodes, strong electric field is formed between the two electrodes, and charged particles do directional motion under the action of the electric field and collide with surrounding neutral particles, so that induced airflow directed to the package electrodes by the exposed electrodes is formed.
In 2018, "ion wind aircraft" based on ion wind effect published in NATURE is considered as a cross-age breakthrough of the brothers of Biulite, and strong demonstration of feasibility of application of ion wind effect to propulsion is carried out. The aircraft adopts a multistage line-wing structure, when the power supply voltage is 40kV, the average flying speed can reach 4.8m/s, the flying height is 2m, the continuous flying time is 12s, the historical breakthrough of the flying distance of 55m is realized, and researchers point out -"Furthertechnology improvements in EAD(Electroaerodynamics)propulsion are neededto increase overall efficiency", that for an ion wind effect propulsion device, the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency is the key for realizing propulsion application.
Aiming at the application requirements of the ion wind engine under the atmospheric pressure and low pressure environment, researchers at home and abroad develop a great deal of research work from theoretical and experimental aspects. In theoretical exploration, researchers estimate that the highest electric-kinetic energy conversion efficiency of the wind effect of other ions can reach 20% by adopting a one-dimensional model, and also demonstrate the attenuation trend of the performance of the ion wind effect ion engine with the increase of the flying height, and when the height is increased from 0 (atmospheric pressure environment) to 20km (about 5000 Pa), the push-out ratio is reduced by about 80%. Researchers also evaluate that a single-needle ion wind effect ion engine can only reach 100nN under the condition of low air pressure by adopting a simulation means, and the core contradiction of low electric-kinetic energy conversion efficiency of other Fisher-Brownian effects is more exposed.
Therefore, the embodiment provides an analysis method for energy loss of the SDBD ion wind engine, which is used for exploring energy loss paths of the ion wind engine with surface dielectric barrier discharge, establishing an ion engine electro-kinetic energy conversion model, quantifying loss ratio of each energy conversion path, determining engine energy loss mechanism, and providing theoretical basis and guidance for improving electro-kinetic energy conversion efficiency and power performance of the ion wind engine.
As shown in fig. 3, the analysis method includes:
S1, a solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field is constructed, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind motor device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field.
The solid dielectric medium has not only electric conduction loss but also relaxation polarization loss under the alternating electric field, namely, the solid dielectric medium has polarization reaction under the action of the external electric field besides a resistor, and macroscopically appears as a capacitor, so that the solid dielectric medium can be electrically characterized by the resistor and the capacitor. Therefore, the lumped parameter circuit model of the solid dielectric under the alternating current electric field, namely the solid dielectric equivalent circuit, is established by using the resistor and the capacitor, and the electric energy loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating current electric field can be more intuitively researched by using the solid dielectric equivalent circuit, so that the quantitative calculation of the solid dielectric loss of different mechanisms is carried out.
To prevent gas discharge under high voltage ac electric field, the upper and lower electrodes of the SDBD device were double-coated with insulating high temperature adhesive tape, and the SDBD device was placed in a vacuum tank of 0.01 Pa.
As shown in fig. 4, a solid dielectric first equivalent circuit is first established, the equivalent circuit including a power supply AC, an alternating current conductance resistor R S1, an instantaneous charge capacitor C S1, a relaxation polarization capacitor C S2, and a relaxation polarization resistor R S2,iR connected in parallel in this order is an alternating current conductance current, i ∞ is an instantaneous charge current, i aq is a relaxation polarization current reactive component, and i ap is a relaxation polarization current active component.
The relaxation polarization current expression of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field is:
Ia(t)＝Iapejωt+jIaqejωt(1);
Wherein, I ap is a relaxation polarization absorption current active component (generating dielectric loss part), I aq is a relaxation polarization absorption current reactive component (generating no dielectric loss), e jωt is an Euler formula expression form, and the expansion form is that e jωt = cos ωt + jsin ωt, ω represents angular frequency, and the relationship between ω = 2 pi f and voltage frequency (f is voltage frequency);
According to the equivalent principle, the solid dielectric equivalent circuit in fig. 4 is subjected to equivalent analysis, an alternating current conductance resistor R S1 and a relaxation polarization resistor R S2 are connected in series to obtain a first equivalent resistor R Seq, an instantaneous charging capacitor C S1 and a relaxation polarization capacitor C S2 are connected in series to obtain a first equivalent capacitor C Seq, and the solid dielectric equivalent circuit shown in fig. 5 is further obtained, and the solid dielectric equivalent circuit in fig. 5 For the total current through the solid dielectric (i.e. the first current effective value I 1RMS mentioned below),As an active component of the equivalent current,Is an equivalent current reactive component.
S2, collecting a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit.
And respectively acquiring time domain signals of the first total voltage and the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit by using oscilloscope measurement.
The applied sinusoidal high voltage signal (i.e. the first total voltage) is expressed as:
The first total current is expressed as:
In the formulas (2) and (3), For the first total voltage, U 1RMS is the first voltage effective value, a is the initial phase angle of the first total voltage,I 1RMS is the first current effective value, β is the initial phase angle of the first total current.
And S3, respectively calculating the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance and the solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, the initial phase angle of the first total voltage and the initial phase angle of the first total current.
In order to determine the solid electrical parameter characteristics of the equivalent circuit, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance need to be calculated, and the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance are calculated to prepare for the next time constant calculation.
The specific calculation process of the first equivalent resistor and the first equivalent capacitor comprises the following steps:
(1) And calculating a first voltage effective value according to the first total voltage and the initial phase angle of the first total voltage.
(2) A first current effective value is calculated based on the first total current and an initial phase angle of the first total current.
(3) And calculating a first voltage current phase difference according to the initial phase angle of the first total voltage and the initial phase angle of the first total current. In the alternating signal phase diagram of the solid dielectric shown in figure 6,The first voltage-current phase difference is calculated by the time curve of voltage and current.
(4) And respectively calculating the first equivalent resistor and the first equivalent capacitor according to the first voltage effective value, the first current effective value and the first voltage current phase difference.
The expression of the first equivalent resistance is:
the expression of the first equivalent capacitance is:
The solid dielectric loss comprises the conductance loss and the relaxation polarization loss, and the specific calculation process of the solid dielectric loss comprises the following steps:
(a) And calculating the conductance loss according to the first voltage effective value, the first current effective value and the first voltage current phase difference.
The calculation formula of the conductance loss is as follows:
PS＝U1RMS·IRseq(7);
Wherein P S is the conductance loss, U 1RMS is the first voltage effective value, I Rseq is an active component (effective value) of an equivalent current, the active component of the equivalent current is determined according to the first current effective value and the first voltage-current phase difference, and the expression is:
(b) And calculating the loose polarization loss according to the contact area of the upper electrode and the solid dielectric medium, the effective distance between the upper electrode and the lower electrode along the electric field direction, the first voltage effective value, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
Specifically, (b 1) calculating a time constant from the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance:
τ=RSeq·CSeq(9);
(b2) Calculating the equivalent conductivity of the relaxed polarization loss according to the time constant:
In formula (10), ω is the angular frequency of the alternating voltage, τ is the time constant of the circuit, ε 0 is the vacuum dielectric constant, ε 0＝8.85×10-12F/m;εS is the steady state relative dielectric constant, i.e. the corresponding dielectric constant when the frequency f=0 of the applied voltage, can be obtained from broadband dielectric spectrum measurement, ε ∞ is the optical frequency relative dielectric constant, and the dielectric material can be tested by refractometer.
(B3) Calculating a relaxed polarization loss according to the contact area of the upper electrode and the solid dielectric medium, the effective distance between the upper electrode and the lower electrode along the electric field direction, the first voltage effective value and the equivalent conductivity:
In the formula (11), P g is the loose polarization loss, U 1RMS is the first voltage effective value, d is the effective distance between the upper electrode and the lower electrode along the electric field direction, g is the equivalent conductivity of the loose polarization loss, and S is the contact area between the upper electrode and the solid dielectric medium.
After obtaining the equivalent circuit model and the electrical element parameter expression of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field and the solid dielectric loss, combining the solid dielectric with the discharge plasma region to construct a double-layer composite dielectric lumped parameter topological structure model, namely the double-layer composite dielectric equivalent circuit.
S4, constructing a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, wherein the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit comprises a solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma region equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit is connected with the first equivalent capacitor in parallel, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first resistor represents the resistor between an upper electrode and a virtual electrode formed by ion space charge accumulation in the SDBD ion wind motor device, the first capacitor represents the capacitor between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents the capacitor between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device.
The plasma is regarded as a special dielectric medium, the influence of the solid dielectric medium on the SDBD is fully considered, and a novel alternating current SDBD lumped parameter circuit model is constructed from the topological structure of the circuit. With reference to the idea of the reduction theory, a complex internal physical process is subjected to relatively simple macroscopic characterization, and internal related physical information is acquired through a macroscopic calculation result. In the process of establishing the model, the time average method is adopted to calculate the internal parameters of the equivalent circuit, and the quantitative distribution of the parameters in the plasma, which is caused by microscopic electromagnetic disturbance, is ignored. The method can more intuitively judge the influence of the solid dielectric on the whole interaction process.
The double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit shown in fig. 7 comprises a left solid dielectric equivalent circuit part (a first equivalent resistor R Seq and a first equivalent capacitor C Seq) and a right discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit part, wherein the discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit part comprises a first resistor R 1, a first capacitor C 1 and a second capacitor C 2, and the first resistor R 1 is connected with the first capacitor C 1 in parallel and then connected with the second capacitor C 2 in series.
The equivalent impedance Z Peq of the plasma region can be expressed as:
It should be noted that, the mathematical expression of the equivalent impedance of the formula (12) is obtained according to the circuit structure of fig. 7, namely, the resistor R1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1 and then connected in series with the capacitor C2, and the function is that the formula (13) is obtained through further mathematical derivation of the formula (12), and the formulas (14) and (15) are respectively the numerator and denominator parts of the formula (13) and the formula (15) are respectively the parallel combination of the formula (14) and the formula (16) through analysis of the structure of the formula (13), namely, the formula (13) can be split into a parallel connection of a resistor and a capacitor, and the equivalent resistor and the capacitor which form the formula (13) are obtained through reverse derivation, namely, the equivalent resistor and the capacitor in the discharge plasma region are shown as formulas (14) and (16);
The plasma region equivalent resistance R Peq and the plasma region equivalent capacitance C Peq are specifically:
As can be seen from the structure of the formula (13), the equivalent impedance of the plasma region can be considered as parallel connection of a resistor and a capacitor, so that the equivalent circuit of the double-layer composite medium as shown in fig. 7 can be further equivalent to obtain an SDBD equivalent circuit as shown in fig. 8 (a), two resistors in fig. 8 (a) are connected in series, and two capacitors are connected in series to obtain an SDBD simplest equivalent circuit diagram as shown in fig. 8 (b), and fig. 8 (c) is a phase diagram of the SDBD simplest equivalent circuit diagram.
And S5, collecting a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit.
S6, according to the SDBD simplest equivalent circuit diagram shown in the (b) of fig. 8, the loss of the discharge plasma region is calculated according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
The specific calculation process of the loss of the discharge plasma region comprises the following steps:
and S61, calculating a second voltage effective value according to the second total voltage and the initial phase angle of the second total voltage.
And S62, calculating a second current effective value according to the second total current and the initial phase angle of the second total current.
S63, calculating the whole equivalent resistance and the whole equivalent capacitance of the engine according to the second voltage effective value, the second current effective value and the second voltage current phase difference;
s64, calculating the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region according to the whole equivalent resistance of the engine and the first equivalent resistance.
S65, calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second voltage effective value and the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region.
The calculation process of the engine overall equivalent resistance and the engine overall equivalent capacitance is the same as the calculation principle of the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance, and is not described here.
The expression of the loss of the discharge plasma region is:
wherein, P P is the loss of the discharge plasma region, U 2RMS is the effective value of the second voltage, and R Peq is the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region.
As an alternative embodiment, the analysis method further comprises:
And S7, drawing a voltage-charge curve (namely a Lissajous curve) of the plasma engine in operation, wherein the curve approximates a parallelogram, the voltage in the curve refers to the second total voltage, and the charge refers to the total charge in the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, as shown in FIG. 9.
The voltage-charge curve actually refers to the time domain voltage across the thruster and the conductive charge passing between the upper and lower electrodes.
The measurement of the electric charge in the experimental process is completed through a test capacitor C M shown in fig. 1, the electric charge Q=C M is U, the voltage U is the voltage at two ends of the capacitor C M, the voltage is obtained through measurement sampling by an oscilloscope, and the obtained time domain electric charge Q is the electric charge conducted in the gas discharging process (the total electric charge flowing from the upper electrode to the lower electrode in the working process of the thruster is equivalent to the total electric charge in the whole equivalent circuit).
And S8, determining the second capacitor C2 according to the slope of each side of the parallelogram.
And S9, calculating the equivalent capacitance of the discharge plasma region according to the integral equivalent capacitance of the engine and the first equivalent capacitance.
The expression of the engine integral equivalent resistance and the engine integral equivalent capacitance is respectively as follows:
Ceq＝CSeq+CPeq(19);
s10, respectively calculating the first resistance and the first capacitance according to the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region, the equivalent capacitance of the discharge plasma region and the second capacitance.
The simultaneous equations (14), (16), (18) and (19) result in the first resistance R 1 and the first capacitance C 1 parameters of the discharge plasma region:
Wherein, R 1 is the first resistance, ω is the angular frequency of the alternating voltage, R Peq is the discharge plasma region equivalent resistance, C 2 is the second capacitance, C Peq is the discharge plasma region equivalent capacitance, and C 1 is the first capacitance.
And (3) making: Further collating equation (20) to obtain:
The energy conversion of the SDBD-based discharge plasma ion wind motor is mainly divided into two parts, namely dielectric loss of a solid dielectric medium and loss of a discharge plasma region, wherein the solid dielectric loss comprises conductance loss and relaxation polarization loss, the relaxation polarization current part only needs to calculate loss generated by an active component, and the internal physical process of the discharge plasma region is complex, so that the discharge plasma region is characterized by adopting corresponding electric elements, and the loss of the discharge plasma region is evaluated by acquiring a mathematical formula expressed by the corresponding elements.
According to the embodiment, an electromagnetic composite lumped parameter topological circuit structure model is established according to the physical theory basis of dielectric media and discharge plasmas, the energy loss calculation method of each energy loss path of the SDBD ion wind engine is obtained by analyzing the circuit structure and considering actual physical significance, and meanwhile, electronic components are utilized to represent the electrical characteristics of solid dielectric media and the discharge plasmas, so that the method is very visual and simple to calculate. As shown in fig. 10 and 11, a direct representation of the complex physical characteristics of SDBD discharge plasma can be obtained using the above procedure.
In the method steps of the embodiment, the dielectric loss of the insulating medium is considered in the energy loss model, a more perfect lumped parameter topological equivalent structure related to the energy loss is constructed, and the quantification of the electrical parameters of the equivalent circuit elements in the model is realized. The method utilizes electronic components such as a controllable power supply, a variable resistor, a capacitor and the like to establish an equivalent circuit model of a lumped parameter topological structure when the ion wind motor works, does not consider a complex physical process in a discharge area, obtains equivalent circuit parameters of a solid dielectric medium and a discharge plasma area under an alternating electric field, analyzes the change rule of the parameters of the equivalent electrical components along with the voltage, quantifies the loss duty ratio of each part of the ion wind actuator, and has important significance for researching the macroscopic discharge of the plasma and the electric loss characteristic of a thruster.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 12, the present embodiment provides an analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine, including:
The first construction module M1 is used for constructing a solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind motor device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field;
A first collection module M2, configured to collect a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage, and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit;
A solid dielectric parameter calculation module M3, configured to calculate the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance, and a solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage, and an initial phase angle of the first total current, respectively;
A second construction module M4, configured to construct a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, where the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit includes the solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma region equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit is connected in parallel to the first equivalent capacitor, and the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit includes a first resistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor, where the first resistor is connected in parallel to the first capacitor and then connected in series to the second capacitor, the first resistor represents a resistance between an upper electrode in the SDBD ion wind engine device and a virtual electrode formed by accumulation of ion space charges, the first capacitor represents a capacitance between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents a capacitance between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind engine device;
The second acquisition module M5 is used for acquiring a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
And the discharge plasma region parameter calculation module M6 is used for calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
In this specification, each embodiment is mainly described in the specification as a difference from other embodiments, and the same similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other. For the system disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, which are intended to facilitate an understanding of the principles and concepts of the invention and are to be varied in scope and detail by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the teachings herein. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of analyzing energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine, the method comprising:
A solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field is constructed, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind motor device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field;
collecting a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit;
Calculating the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance and the solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current respectively;
Constructing a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, wherein the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit comprises the solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma region equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit is connected with the first equivalent capacitor in parallel, the discharge plasma region equivalent circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first resistor represents the resistor between an upper electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device and a virtual electrode formed by ion space charge accumulation, the first capacitor represents the capacitor between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents the capacitor between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device;
Collecting a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
and calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the specific calculation of the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance comprises:
calculating a first voltage effective value according to the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total voltage;
calculating a first current effective value according to the first total current and an initial phase angle of the first total current;
Calculating a first voltage current phase difference according to the initial phase angle of the first total voltage and the initial phase angle of the first total current;
and respectively calculating the first equivalent resistor and the first equivalent capacitor according to the first voltage effective value, the first current effective value and the first voltage current phase difference.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the solid dielectric loss comprises the conductance loss and the relaxed polarization loss, and wherein the specific calculation of the solid dielectric loss comprises:
Calculating the conductance loss according to the first voltage effective value, the first current effective value and the first voltage current phase difference;
and calculating the loose polarization loss according to the contact area of the upper electrode and the solid dielectric medium, the effective distance between the upper electrode and the lower electrode along the electric field direction, the first voltage effective value, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
4. A method for analyzing energy loss of SDBD ion wind motor according to claim 3, wherein the electrical conductance loss is calculated by the formula:
PS＝U1RMS·IRseq;
wherein P S is the conductance loss, U 1RMS is the first voltage effective value, I Rseq is the active component of the equivalent current, and the active component of the equivalent current is determined according to the first current effective value and the first voltage-current phase difference.
5. A method of analyzing energy loss of an SDBD ion wind motor in accordance with claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the relaxed polarization loss is:
Wherein P g is the relaxed polarization loss, U 1RMS is the first voltage effective value, d is the effective distance between the upper electrode and the lower electrode along the electric field direction, g is the equivalent conductivity of the relaxed polarization loss, the equivalent conductivity is calculated according to the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance, and S is the contact area between the upper electrode and the solid dielectric medium.
6. The method for analyzing energy loss of SDBD ion wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein the specific calculation process of the discharge plasma zone loss comprises:
calculating a second voltage effective value according to the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total voltage;
calculating a second current effective value according to the second total current and an initial phase angle of the second total current;
according to the second voltage effective value, the second current effective value and the second voltage current phase difference, calculating the whole equivalent resistance and the whole equivalent capacitance of the engine respectively;
Calculating the equivalent resistance of a discharge plasma region according to the integral equivalent resistance of the engine and the first equivalent resistance;
and calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second voltage effective value and the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region.
7. The method for analyzing energy loss of SDBD ion wind motor of claim 6, characterized in that the analysis method further comprises:
Drawing a graph of voltage-charge during operation of the plasma engine, wherein the graph approximates a parallelogram, and the voltage in the graph refers to the second total voltage and the charge refers to the total charge in the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
Determining the second capacitance according to the slope of each side of the parallelogram;
Calculating the equivalent capacitance of a discharge plasma region according to the integral equivalent capacitance of the engine and the first equivalent capacitance;
and respectively calculating the first resistance and the first capacitance according to the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region, the equivalent capacitance of the discharge plasma region and the second capacitance.
8. The method for analyzing energy loss of SDBD ion wind motor of claim 6, the method is characterized in that the expression of the loss of the discharge plasma region is as follows:
wherein, P P is the loss of the discharge plasma region, U 2RMS is the effective value of the second voltage, and R Peq is the equivalent resistance of the discharge plasma region.
9. The method for analyzing energy loss of SDBD ion wind motor of claim 7, the first resistor and the first capacitor are characterized in that the expression of the first resistor and the first capacitor is as follows:
Wherein, R 1 is the first resistance, ω is the angular frequency of the alternating voltage, R Peq is the discharge plasma region equivalent resistance, C 2 is the second capacitance, C Peq is the discharge plasma region equivalent capacitance, and C 1 is the first capacitance.
10. An analysis system for energy loss of an SDBD ion wind turbine, the analysis system comprising:
The first construction module is used for constructing a solid dielectric equivalent circuit under an alternating electric field, wherein the solid dielectric equivalent circuit comprises a power supply, a first equivalent resistor and a first equivalent capacitor which are sequentially connected in parallel, the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent resistor represents the electric conduction loss of the solid dielectric in the SDBD ion wind turbine device under the alternating electric field, and the electric energy loss generated by the first equivalent capacitor represents the relaxation polarization loss of the solid dielectric under the alternating electric field;
the first acquisition module is used for acquiring a first total voltage, a first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage and an initial phase angle of the first total current of the solid dielectric equivalent circuit;
a solid dielectric parameter calculation module, configured to calculate the first equivalent resistance, the first equivalent capacitance, and a solid dielectric loss according to the first total voltage, the first total current, an initial phase angle of the first total voltage, and an initial phase angle of the first total current, respectively;
The second construction module is used for constructing a double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit, wherein the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit comprises the solid dielectric equivalent circuit and a discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit, the discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit is connected with the first equivalent capacitor in parallel, the discharge plasma zone equivalent circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first resistor is connected with the first capacitor in parallel and then is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first resistor represents the resistor between an upper electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device and a virtual electrode formed by ion space charge accumulation, the first capacitor represents the capacitor between the upper electrode and the virtual electrode, and the second capacitor represents the capacitor between the virtual electrode and a lower electrode in the SDBD ion wind motor device;
the second acquisition module is used for acquiring a second total voltage, a second total current, an initial phase angle of the second total voltage and an initial phase angle of the second total current of the double-layer composite medium equivalent circuit;
And the discharge plasma region parameter calculation module is used for calculating the loss of the discharge plasma region according to the second total voltage, the second total current, the initial phase angle of the second total voltage, the initial phase angle of the second total current, the first equivalent resistance and the first equivalent capacitance.
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