CN118025691B - An automatic storage shelf that facilitates sorting - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes an automatic storage and retrieval shelf that is convenient for sorting, including a shelf, wherein the shelf is vertically arranged with multiple layers, each layer is obliquely arranged with layer boards, and multiple aisles for placing goods are horizontally arranged on the layer boards; a replenishment module and a pickup module are arranged on the left and right sides of the shelf, which can move horizontally along the length of the shelf and move vertically up and down in height; the replenishment module is provided with a temporary storage aisle for placing goods to be replenished and a replenishment aisle connected to the temporary storage aisle, a first pushing mechanism on the temporary storage aisle pushes the goods into the replenishment aisle, and a second pushing mechanism in the replenishment aisle pushes the goods into the aisle to complete the replenishment; the pickup module includes a pickup channel for placing goods to be shipped and a shipping conveying channel connected to the pickup channel, the pickup channel includes a pickup arm fork and a third pushing mechanism, and after the pickup arm fork picks up the goods, the third pushing mechanism pushes the goods into the shipping conveying channel to complete the shipping. The present application has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and high work efficiency.

Description

An automatic storage shelf that facilitates sorting

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the technical field of shelves, and in particular to an automatic storage shelf for easy sorting.

Background technique

Warehouse shelves are devices used for storage. With the continuous development of related industries, the functions of warehouse shelves have been continuously expanded to packaging, transportation, loading and unloading, sorting, information management, etc. In the traditional logistics warehousing model, in order to meet order requirements, workers are required to push material carts to different locations in the warehouse to pick up different goods, that is, "people arrive at the goods". This leads to high labor intensity and low efficiency in storing and retrieving goods.

However, in recent years, the intelligence and automation of warehousing and logistics have developed rapidly. In order to reduce the workload of workers and enable them to quickly and efficiently classify and store various goods, warehouses basically store goods on whole pallets, which reduces the time of storage and retrieval to a certain extent. However, there are still some shortcomings: 1. Pallets are set on the shelves, which reduces the space for storing goods on the shelves; 2. Pallets located at high positions on the shelves need to be removed as a whole pallet. After the workers have taken the required amount of goods, the goods on the pallets need to be put on the shelves again, resulting in a waste of resources.

Therefore, it is necessary to propose further solutions.

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides an automatic storage rack for easy sorting to solve the above technical problems.

The objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An automatic storage rack comprises a rack, wherein the rack is vertically arranged with multiple layers, each layer is obliquely arranged with a layer board, and the layer board is horizontally arranged with a plurality of cargo aisles for placing goods; a movable rack that can be horizontally moved along the length of the rack is arranged on both sides of the rack, and a lifting rack that can be vertically lifted along the height of the rack is arranged on the movable rack; a replenishment module for replenishing goods to the cargo aisle is arranged on the lifting rack on the right side of the rack; a picking module for picking goods from the cargo aisle is arranged on the lifting rack on the left side of the rack, wherein:

The replenishment module includes a first base obliquely arranged on the right lifting frame, the first base having a temporary storage aisle for placing the goods to be replenished and a replenishment aisle connected to the temporary storage aisle, the temporary storage aisle is equipped with a first pushing mechanism for pushing the goods in the temporary storage aisle into the replenishment aisle; the replenishment aisle is equipped with a second pushing mechanism for pushing the goods into the shelf;

The picking module includes a second base obliquely arranged on the left lifting frame, the second base having a picking channel for placing goods to be shipped and a shipping conveying channel connected to the picking channel, two picking arm forks for lifting goods to the picking channel and a third pushing mechanism are slidably connected to the picking channel; the picking channel is provided with a cavity for accommodating two picking arm forks, the top of the cavity is provided with an opening connected to the outside along its length, and the opening is open at one end close to the shelf; a picking drive device is provided in the cavity for driving the picking arm fork to move in the cavity and extend or retract from the opening; the third pushing mechanism is arranged above the picking channel for pushing the goods on the picking channel into the shipping channel; a cam follower mechanism is also provided in the cavity, and the bottom of the picking arm fork is fixedly connected to the cam follower mechanism for driving the picking arm fork to move up or down.

As a preferred embodiment, the first pushing mechanism includes a first push plate, a first motor, and a first moving block; the first transmission wheels are rotatably connected at both ends of the bottom of the temporary storage aisle, and a first transmission belt is tensioned between the two first transmission wheels; the first motor is fixedly connected to the temporary storage aisle, and its power end is fixedly connected to any first transmission wheel to drive the first transmission wheel to rotate; a first slide groove is provided on the first base, and the first slide groove is designed along the length of the temporary storage aisle and extends to the replenishment aisle; the lower end of the first moving block is fixedly connected to the first transmission belt, and the upper end of the first moving block extends upward from the first slide groove to the upper surface of the temporary storage aisle; the first push plate is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block; a first linear slide rail is also provided at the bottom of the temporary storage aisle along the length of the first slide groove, and the bottom of the first push plate is slidably connected to the slide rail.

As a preferred embodiment, the second pushing mechanism includes a second push plate and a second motor; a mounting side plate is vertically installed on the side of the replenishment aisle away from the shelf, a second linear slide rail and two second transmission wheels are provided on the outer side of the mounting side plate, and a second transmission belt is tensioned between the two second transmission wheels; a second moving block is fixedly connected to the second transmission belt, and the second moving block is slidably connected to the second linear slide rail; the second motor is fixedly connected to the mounting side plate, and its power end is fixedly connected to any of the second transmission wheels to drive the second transmission wheel to rotate; the second push plate is installed on the second moving block, and one end extends to the replenishment aisle.

As a preferred solution, the third pushing mechanism includes a third push plate and a first ball screw module. The first ball screw module is fixedly mounted on one end of the cargo picking channel away from the shelf. One end of the third push plate extends into the cargo picking channel, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding block on the first ball screw module, so as to drive the third push plate to move closer to or away from the cargo delivery channel.

As a preferred solution, the shipment conveying channel includes a conveying base plate, a main transmission shaft, a secondary transmission shaft, and a third motor. The conveying base plate is installed on the second base, and conveying side baffles are vertically connected to both sides of the conveying base plate; the main transmission shaft and the secondary transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the conveying base plate, and a plurality of main transmission wheels are arranged at intervals on the main transmission shaft; the secondary transmission shaft is provided with secondary transmission wheels corresponding to the plurality of main transmission wheels one by one, and a synchronous conveyor belt for conveying goods is tensioned between the corresponding main transmission wheels and the secondary transmission wheels; the power end of the third motor is connected to the main transmission shaft to drive the main transmission shaft to rotate.

As a preferred solution, the picking drive device includes a third moving block, a fourth motor, a first transmission screw, and two third linear guides, and the two third linear guides are installed on the bottom wall of the cavity; the first transmission screw is located between the two third linear guides, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the side walls of the cavity; the third moving block is slidably connected to the first transmission screw, and its two side bottoms are respectively slidably connected to the third linear guides; second slide grooves are vertically formed on both sides of the third moving block; the bottom of the picking arm fork is slidably connected to the second slide groove.

As a preferred solution, the cam follower mechanism includes a cam follower bearing and a cam; the cam is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity, the cam follower bearing is rotatably connected to the lower part of the picking arm fork and contacts with the contour of the cam, and the motion trajectory of the cam follower bearing changes with the contour of the cam, thereby driving the picking arm fork to move up or down.

As a preferred solution, a baffle is provided along the length of the temporary storage aisle on one side close to the shelf; a replenishment port connected to the shelf is formed at one end of the replenishment aisle, and a material guiding mechanism for adjusting the width of the replenishment port is provided on the replenishment port, and the material guiding mechanism is slidably connected to the baffle.

As a preferred solution, the material guiding mechanism includes a linear slide rail, a connecting plate, a guide plate and a driving mechanism for driving the connecting plate to move, the linear slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear slide rail; the guide plate is vertically connected to the connecting plate in a manner parallel to the mounting side plate; a replenishment port for the movement of goods is formed between the guide plate and the mounting side plate; the driving device is installed on the baffle plate, and its power end is connected to the connecting plate to drive the connecting plate to move horizontally to the left or right, so as to adjust the size of the replenishment port so that it is suitable for replenishing goods of different sizes.

As a preferred solution, the cargo lane is provided with a smooth strip along its length.

The beneficial technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

1. The shelves of the present application are used to store goods in warehouses. There is no need to store goods on pallets, which increases the utilization rate of the shelf space. The goods are directly arranged on the shelves of the shelves. The shelves are equipped with corresponding storage aisles. When replenishing, the replenishment module is used to push the goods into the shelves of the shelves. When picking up the goods, they can be sorted according to the order quantity through the picking module, and the corresponding number of goods can be directly taken out, avoiding the secondary shelving of goods, optimizing the overall sorting process, and improving the sorting efficiency. Shelf storage and picking up are all operated by machines to reduce the intensity of manual work.

2. The first push plate in the first pushing mechanism, the second push plate in the second pushing mechanism, and the third push plate in the second pushing mechanism are all driven by transmission belts, which are low in cost, stable in operation, and less in noise, and are conducive to the stability of the goods shipment and replenishment process.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic storage and retrieval shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a pickup module in an automatic storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG3 is a second structural schematic diagram of a pickup module in an automatic storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a pickup drive mechanism and a pickup arm fork in an automatic storage and retrieval shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the connection between a pickup arm fork and a cam follower mechanism in an automatic storage and retrieval storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a replenishment module in an automatic storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of A in FIG6 ;

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first pushing mechanism in an automatic storage and retrieval storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a material guiding mechanism in an automatic storage and retrieval storage shelf for convenient sorting according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

Please refer to Figures 1-9. As shown in the figure, an automatic storage and retrieval storage shelf 1 of the present application is used for intelligent warehousing and intelligent sorting. It includes a shelf 1, which is longitudinally arranged with multiple layers, each layer is inclined with a layer plate 6, and a plurality of cargo aisles for placing goods are arranged horizontally on the layer plate 6; the left and right sides of the shelf 1 are provided with a movable frame 4 that can move horizontally along the length of the shelf 1, and the movable frame 4 is provided with a lifting frame 5 that can be longitudinally lifted along the height of the shelf 1; the lifting frame 5 on the right side of the shelf 1 is provided with a replenishment module 2 for replenishing goods to the cargo aisle; the lifting frame 5 on the left side of the shelf 1 is provided with a picking module 3 for picking up goods from the cargo aisle, wherein:

The replenishment module 2 includes a first base 20 obliquely arranged on the right lifting frame 5, the first base 20 has a temporary storage channel 21 for placing the goods to be replenished and a replenishment channel 22 connected to the temporary storage channel 21, a first pushing mechanism 23 for pushing the goods in the temporary storage channel 21 into the replenishment channel 22 is installed on the temporary storage channel 21; the replenishment channel 22 is installed with a second pushing mechanism 24 for pushing the goods into the shelf 1;

As shown in FIG7 , the pickup module 3 includes a second base 30 tiltedly arranged on the left lifting frame 5, the second base 30 having a pickup channel 301 for placing the goods to be shipped and a shipping conveying channel 302 connected to the pickup channel 301, two pickup arm forks 3011 and a third pushing mechanism 31 for lifting the goods to the pickup channel 301 are slidably connected to the pickup channel 301; the pickup channel 301 is provided with a cavity 3012 for accommodating the two pickup arm forks 3011, and the top of the cavity 3012 is provided with an opening connected to the outside along its length 3013, the opening 3013 is open at one end close to the shelf 1; a picking drive device is provided in the cavity 3012 to drive the picking arm fork 3011 to move in the cavity 3012 and extend or retract from the opening 3013; the third pushing mechanism 31 is arranged above the picking channel 301 to push the goods on the picking channel 301 to the delivery channel; a cam follower mechanism is also provided in the cavity 3012, and the bottom of the picking arm fork 3011 is fixedly connected to the cam follower mechanism to drive the picking arm fork 3011 to move up or down.

In the above, the moving direction of the first pushing mechanism 23 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the second pushing mechanism 24, and the structure is compact. Furthermore, the first base 20 and the layer plate 6 in the replenishment module 2 are both inclined, which is conducive to improving the replenishment efficiency. Moreover, each layer plate 6 is inclined at 8°, and the smooth strips are used on the goods channel as the support at the bottom of the goods channel, so that the replenished goods can slide down smoothly to the front end of the goods channel, and it is also convenient to pick up the goods, so that after the goods picking module 3 takes away the goods at the front end of the goods channel, the goods at the rear end of the goods channel can automatically slide down to the front end of the goods channel.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 5 , in order to ensure the smooth movement of the first pushing mechanism 23, the first pushing mechanism 23 used in the present application includes a first push plate 2301, a first motor 2302, and a first moving block 2303; the bottom ends of the temporary storage channel 21 are rotatably connected with first transmission wheels 2304, and a first transmission belt 2305 is tensioned between the two first transmission wheels 2304; the first motor 2302 is fixedly connected to the temporary storage channel 21, and its power end is fixedly connected to any first transmission wheel 2304 to drive the first transmission wheel 2 304 rotates; a first slide groove 26 is provided on the first base 20, and the first slide groove 26 is designed along the length of the temporary storage channel 21 and extends to the replenishment channel 22; the lower end of the first moving block 2303 is fixedly connected to the first transmission belt 2305, and the upper end thereof extends upward from the first slide groove 26 to the upper surface of the temporary storage channel 21; the first push plate 2301 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block 2303; the bottom of the temporary storage channel 21 is also provided with a first linear slide rail along the length of the first slide groove 26, and the bottom of the first push plate 2301 is slidably connected to the slide rail.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the smooth movement of the second pushing mechanism 24, the second pushing mechanism 24 adopted in the present application includes a second push plate 2401 and a second motor 2403; a mounting side plate 25 is vertically installed on the side of the replenishment aisle 22 away from the shelf 1, and a second linear slide rail 2406 and two second transmission wheels 2404 are provided on the outer side of the mounting side plate 25, and a second transmission belt 2405 is tensioned between the two second transmission wheels 2404; a second moving block 2402 is fixedly connected to the second transmission belt, and the second moving block 2402 is slidably connected to the second linear slide rail 2406; the second motor 2403 is fixedly connected to the mounting side plate 25, and its power end is fixedly connected to any second transmission wheel 2404 to drive the second transmission wheel 2404 to rotate; the second push plate 2401 is installed on the second moving block 2402, and one end extends to the replenishment aisle 22.

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, in order to ensure the smooth movement of the third pushing mechanism 31 and the accuracy of picking up goods, the third pushing mechanism 31 adopted in the present application includes a third push plate 312 and a first ball screw module 311. The first ball screw module 311 is fixedly installed on the end of the picking channel 301 away from the shelf 1; one end of the third push plate 312 extends into the picking channel 301, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding block on the first ball screw module, so as to drive the third push plate 312 to move closer to or away from the shipping conveying channel 302.

Further, as shown in FIG7 , in order to improve the degree of automation of picking up goods and reduce the labor intensity of workers, the delivery conveying channel 302 adopted in the present application includes a conveying base plate 3021, a main transmission shaft 3022, a secondary transmission shaft 3023, and a third motor (shown in the figure), the conveying base plate 3021 is installed on the second base 30, and conveying side baffles 3024 are vertically connected to both sides of the conveying base plate 3021; the main transmission shaft 3022 and the secondary transmission shaft 3023 are rotatably connected to the conveying base plate 3021, and a plurality of main transmission wheels 3025 are arranged at intervals on the main transmission shaft 3022; secondary transmission wheels 3026 corresponding to the plurality of main transmission wheels 3025 are arranged on the secondary transmission shaft 3023, and a synchronous conveyor belt 3027 for conveying goods is tensioned between the corresponding main transmission wheels 3025 and the secondary transmission wheels 3026; the power end of the third motor (shown in the figure) is connected to the main transmission shaft 3022 to drive the main transmission shaft 3022 to rotate.

Further, as shown in FIG3 and FIG4, in order to improve the stability of the movement of the pickup arm fork 3011, the pickup drive device used in the present application includes a third moving block 33, a fourth motor 38, a first transmission screw 34 and two third linear guides 35, the two third linear guides 35 are installed on the bottom wall of the cavity 3012; the first transmission screw 34 is located between the two third linear guides 35, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the side walls of the cavity 3012; the third moving block 33 is slidably connected to the first transmission screw 34, and its two bottom sides are slidably connected to the third linear guides 35 respectively; the second slide grooves 3301 are vertically formed on both sides of the third moving block 33; the bottom 38 of the pickup arm fork 3011 extends into the second slide groove 3301 and is slidably connected to the second slide groove 3301. In the present application, the fourth motor 38 drives the first transmission screw 34 to rotate, so that the third moving block 33 performs linear motion.

Furthermore, as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 5, in order to simplify the picking structure and picking procedure, the cam follower mechanism used in the present application includes a cam follower bearing 36 and a cam 37; the cam 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity 3012, and the cam follower bearing 36 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the picking arm fork 3011 and contacts with the contour of the cam 37. The movement trajectory of the cam follower bearing 36 changes with the contour of the cam 37, thereby driving the picking arm fork 3011 to move up or down.

Further, as shown in Figure 6, a baffle 27 is provided along the length of the temporary storage aisle 21 on one side close to the shelf 1; a replenishment port 28 connected to the shelf 6 is formed at one end of the replenishment aisle 22, and a material guiding mechanism 29 for adjusting the width of the replenishment port 28 is provided on the replenishment port 28, and the material guiding mechanism 29 is slidably connected to the baffle 27.

Further, as shown in Figure 9, in order to improve the flexibility and efficiency of replenishment, the material guiding mechanism 29 adopted in the present application includes a linear slide rail 2901, a connecting plate 2902, a guide plate 2903 and a driving device for driving the connecting plate 2902 to move, the linear slide rail 2901 is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle 27, the connecting plate 2902 and the slider 2911 of the linear slide rail 2901; the guide plate 2903 is vertically connected to the connecting plate 2902 in a manner parallel to the mounting side plate 25; a replenishment port 28 for the movement of goods is formed between the guide plate 2903 and the mounting side plate 25; the driving device is installed on the baffle 27, and its power end is connected to the connecting plate to drive the connecting plate 2902 to move horizontally to the left or right, so as to adjust the size of the replenishment port 28 so as to be suitable for replenishing goods of different sizes.

Preferably, the driving device in the present application includes a second transmission screw 2906 rotatably connected to the mounting side plate 25, a fourth movable block 2905 threadedly connected to the second transmission screw, and a fifth motor 2904, the second transmission screw 2906 is fixedly connected to a first pulley 2907; the fourth movable block 2905 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 2902; the power end of the fifth motor is equipped with a second pulley 2908, the first pulley 2907 and the second pulley 2908 are connected by belt drive, so as to drive the second transmission screw to rotate, so that the fourth movable block 2905 performs linear motion.

In addition, the cargo aisle is provided with flow strips along its length, whereby the goods can be slid into the front end of the aisle quickly and smoothly.

working principle:

When replenishing goods, workers arrange the goods to be replenished and place them in the temporary storage aisle 21. The replenishment module 2 moves to the positioned shelf 6 under the drive of the lifting frame 5 and accurately connects to the aisle to be replenished; the first pushing mechanism 23 on the temporary storage aisle 21 pushes the goods into the replenishment aisle 22 in turn and stops moving. After the second pushing mechanism 24 in the replenishment aisle 22 pushes the goods into the aisle and automatically returns to its original position, the first pushing mechanism 23 continues to push the second goods into the replenishment aisle 22, and so on, until the aisle is full.

When picking up goods, the picking module 3 moves to the positioned shelf 6 driven by the lifting frame 5 and accurately connects to the cargo channel to be shipped; the picking arm fork 3011 moves toward the shelf 1 until one end of the picking arm fork 3011 is inserted into the bottom of the goods in the cargo channel, and the picking arm fork 3011 continues to move forward and rises to lift the goods under the action of the cam follower mechanism; then the picking arm fork 3011 is controlled to drive the goods backward; when the picking arm fork 3011 returns to the picking channel 301, it moves downward under the action of the cam follower mechanism, so that the picking arm fork 3011 descends into the cavity 3012, and at this time the goods are separated from the picking arm fork 3011 and placed on the upper surface of the picking channel 301; the third pushing mechanism 31 on the picking channel 301 pushes the goods into the shipping conveying channel 302 for shipment.

From the above, it can be seen that the shelf 1 of the present application is used to store goods in the warehouse. There is no need to store goods on pallets, which increases the utilization rate of the shelf 1 space. The goods are directly arranged on the shelf 6 of the shelf 1. The shelf 6 is provided with a corresponding storage aisle. When replenishing, the replenishment module 2 is used to push the goods into the shelf 6 of the shelf 1. When picking up the goods, they can be sorted according to the order quantity through the picking module 3, and the corresponding number of goods can be directly taken out, avoiding the secondary shelving of goods, optimizing the overall sorting process, and improving the sorting efficiency. Both shelf storage and picking up are operated by machines to reduce the intensity of manual work.

The above is a detailed introduction to an automatic storage and retrieval shelf for convenient sorting provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas and methods of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic storage rack for easy sorting, characterized in that it comprises a rack, wherein the rack is longitudinally arranged with multiple layers, each layer is obliquely arranged with a layer board, and the layer board is transversely arranged with a plurality of cargo aisles for placing goods; a mobile rack that can be horizontally moved along the length of the rack is arranged on both sides of the rack, and a lifting rack that can be longitudinally lifted along the height of the rack is arranged on the mobile rack; a replenishment module for replenishing goods to the cargo aisle is arranged on the lifting rack on the right side of the rack; a picking module for picking goods from the cargo aisle is arranged on the lifting rack on the left side of the rack, wherein: The replenishment module includes a first base obliquely arranged on the right lifting frame, the first base having a temporary storage aisle for placing the goods to be replenished and a replenishment aisle connected to the temporary storage aisle, the temporary storage aisle is equipped with a first pushing mechanism for pushing the goods in the temporary storage aisle into the replenishment aisle; the replenishment aisle is equipped with a second pushing mechanism for pushing the goods into the shelf; The picking module includes a second base obliquely arranged on the left lifting frame, the second base having a picking channel for placing the goods to be shipped and a shipping conveying channel connected to the picking channel, two picking arm forks for lifting the goods to the picking channel and a third pushing mechanism are slidably connected to the picking channel; the picking channel is provided with a cavity for accommodating the two picking arm forks, the top of the cavity is provided with an opening connected to the outside along its length, and the opening is open at one end close to the shelf; a picking drive device is provided in the cavity for driving the picking arm fork to move in the cavity and extend or retract from the opening; the third pushing mechanism is provided above the picking channel for pushing the goods on the picking channel into the shipping channel; A cam follower mechanism is also provided in the cavity, and the bottom of the pickup arm fork is fixedly connected to the cam follower mechanism to drive the pickup arm fork to move upward or downward. 14. The automatic storage and retrieval rack as claimed in claim 13, wherein the first pushing plate comprises a first motor, a second motor and a second moving block; the first and second driving wheels are rotatably connected to each other at the bottom ends of the temporary storage cargo lane, and the first transmission belt is tensioned between the two first transmission wheels; the first motor is fixedly connected to the temporary storage cargo lane, and a power end of the first motor is fixedly connected to any one of the first transmission wheels for driving the first transmission wheel to rotate; a first slide slot is provided on the first base, and the first slide slot is designed along the length of the temporary storage cargo lane and extends to the replenishment cargo lane; the lower end of the first moving block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the first moving block; the bottom of the temporary storage cargo lane is also provided with a first linear slide rail along the length of the first slide slot, and the bottom of the first push plate is slidably connected to the slide rail. 3. An automatic storage and retrieval shelf for convenient sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that the second pushing mechanism includes a second push plate and a second motor; a mounting side plate is vertically installed on the side of the replenishment aisle away from the shelf, and a second linear slide rail and two second transmission wheels are provided on the outer side of the mounting side plate, and a second transmission belt is tensioned between the two second transmission wheels; a second moving block is fixedly connected to the second transmission belt, and the second moving block is slidably connected to the second linear slide rail; the second motor is fixedly connected to the mounting side plate, and its power end is fixedly connected to any second transmission wheel to drive the second transmission wheel to rotate; the second push plate is installed on the second moving block, and one end extends to the replenishment aisle. 4. An automatic storage shelf for convenient sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that the third pushing mechanism includes a third push plate and a first ball screw module, and the first ball screw module is fixedly installed on the end of the picking channel away from the shelf; one end of the third push plate extends into the picking channel, and the other end is fixedly connected to the sliding block on the first ball screw module, so as to drive the third push plate to move closer to or away from the shipping conveying channel. 5. An automatic storage rack for convenient sorting as described in claim 1, characterized in that the shipping conveying channel comprises a conveying base plate, a main transmission shaft, a secondary transmission shaft, and a third motor, the conveying base plate is installed on the second base, and conveying side baffles are vertically connected on both sides of the conveying base plate; the main transmission shaft and the secondary transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the conveying base plate, and a plurality of main transmission wheels are arranged at intervals on the main transmission shaft; the secondary transmission shaft is provided with secondary transmission wheels corresponding to the plurality of main transmission wheels one by one, and a synchronous conveyor belt for conveying goods is tensioned between the corresponding main transmission wheels and secondary transmission wheels; the power end of the third motor is connected to the main transmission shaft to drive the main transmission shaft to rotate. 6. An automatic storage and retrieval shelf for convenient sorting as described in claim 5 is characterized in that the picking drive device includes a third moving block, a fourth motor, a first transmission screw, and two third linear guides, and the two third linear guides are installed on the bottom wall of the cavity; the first transmission screw is located between the two third linear guides, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the side walls of the cavity; the third moving block is slidably connected to the first transmission screw, and its two side bottoms are respectively slidably connected to the third linear guides; second slide grooves are vertically formed on both sides of the third moving block; the bottom of the picking arm fork is slidably connected to the second slide groove. 7. An automatic storage shelf for easy sorting according to claim 1 is characterized in that the cam follower mechanism includes a cam follower bearing and a cam; the cam is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity, the cam follower bearing is rotatably connected to the lower part of the picking arm fork and contacts with the contour of the cam, and the motion trajectory of the cam follower bearing changes with the contour of the cam, thereby driving the picking arm fork to move up or down. 8. According to claim 3, an automatic storage shelf that is convenient for sorting is characterized in that a baffle is provided along the length of the temporary storage aisle close to the shelf; one end of the replenishment aisle is formed with a replenishment port connected to the shelf, and the replenishment port is provided with a material guiding mechanism for adjusting the width of the replenishment port, and the material guiding mechanism is slidably connected to the baffle. 9. An automatic storage shelf for easy sorting according to claim 8 is characterized in that the material guiding mechanism comprises a linear slide rail, a connecting plate, a guide plate and a driving mechanism for driving the connecting plate to move, the linear slide rail is fixedly connected to one side of the baffle plate, and the connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear slide rail; the guide plate is vertically connected to the connecting plate in a manner parallel to the mounting side plate; a replenishment port for the movement of goods is formed between the guide plate and the mounting side plate; the driving device is installed on the baffle plate, and its power end is connected to the connecting plate to drive the connecting plate to move horizontally to the left or right, so as to adjust the size of the replenishment port so that it is suitable for replenishing goods of different sizes. 10. An automatic storage rack for easy sorting according to claim 1, characterized in that the cargo aisle is provided with a smooth strip along its length.