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CN118243486B - A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method - Google Patents

A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118243486B
CN118243486B CN202410683558.8A CN202410683558A CN118243486B CN 118243486 B CN118243486 B CN 118243486B CN 202410683558 A CN202410683558 A CN 202410683558A CN 118243486 B CN118243486 B CN 118243486B
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value
hydraulic rod
pressure
tested
pressure value
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CN118243486A (en
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祝乐梅
罗建国
王青春
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North China Institute of Science and Technology
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North China Institute of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12—Pressure testing

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及力学实验测试技术领域，且公开了一种多功能力学实验测试方法，使用激光对射光电开关检测被测材料是否产生形变，当产生形变时，被测材料表面的光路发生变化直至光路被阻断产生开关信号；获取承载模块间距和永久形变压力粗测值之间的深度学习网络模型进行预测，测试出新设定的承载模块间距下被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；使用激光对射光电开关对微小的形变也能够准确的识别出来，从而使测试所得的实验数据更加精准，使用肉眼可见的激光光束，使实验过程更加直观形象；通过深度学习网络模型的预测能够减少实验过程中，液压杆重复伸长缩短的次数，从而减少实验次数，减少整个实验测试所耗费的时间。

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical experimental testing, and discloses a multifunctional mechanical experimental testing method, which uses a laser beam photoelectric switch to detect whether a material under test is deformed. When deformation occurs, the optical path on the surface of the material under test changes until the optical path is blocked to generate a switch signal; a deep learning network model between the spacing between bearing modules and the rough measurement value of permanent deformation pressure is obtained for prediction, and the rough measurement value of permanent deformation pressure of the material under test under the newly set spacing between bearing modules is tested; the laser beam photoelectric switch can be used to accurately identify tiny deformations, thereby making the experimental data obtained from the test more accurate, and using a laser beam visible to the naked eye to make the experimental process more intuitive and vivid; the prediction of the deep learning network model can reduce the number of times a hydraulic rod is repeatedly extended and shortened during the experiment, thereby reducing the number of experiments and reducing the time spent on the entire experimental test.

Description

Multifunctional mechanical experiment testing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical experiment tests, in particular to a multifunctional mechanical experiment test method.
Background
The mechanical experiment test can study the mechanical property, behavior and performance of the tested material, so as to better understand and master the deformation, movement and response rule of the tested material under the action of external force. Through mechanical experiment tests, various mechanical properties of the tested material, such as strength, rigidity, toughness, fatigue performance and the like, can be evaluated, so that the application range and engineering application of the material are determined.
In the process of mechanical experiment testing, the minimum pressure value required by deformation of a tested material is tested, and one of the main tasks of mechanical experiment testing is tested, the existing method mainly comprises the step of detecting whether the tested material is deformed through a displacement sensor so as to determine whether the tested material is deformed, when the method faces to some tested materials with high strength, whether the tested material is slightly deformed is difficult to detect, and the deformation result of the tested material is difficult to visually show.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional mechanical experiment testing method which is used for promoting to solve the problems in the background technology.
The invention provides a multifunctional mechanical experiment testing method, which comprises the following steps:
Setting the space between the bearing modules, and placing the tested material on the bearing modules;
applying pressure to the measured material through the center position of the hydraulic rod at the interval of the bearing modules;
detecting whether the tested material is deformed by using a laser correlation photoelectric switch, and when the tested material is deformed, changing the optical path of the laser correlation photoelectric switch relative to the surface of the tested material until the optical path is blocked to generate a switching signal;
Adopting an initial deformation pressure measurement step, and testing the minimum pressure for deforming the tested material according to the change of the optical path of the monitoring laser correlation photoelectric switch, and recording the minimum pressure as an initial deformation pressure value;
acquiring a deviation threshold according to the initial deformation pressure value;
A step of preliminary measurement of permanent deformation pressure is adopted, and whether a switch signal generated by a laser correlation photoelectric switch is monitored after the hydraulic rod stops applying pressure to the measured material is detected, and the minimum pressure which enables the measured material to be subjected to permanent deformation is tested and recorded as a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value;
Obtaining a deep learning network model between the distance between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
According to the predicted force application value, a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material at the newly set bearing module interval is tested by monitoring a switching signal of the laser correlation photoelectric switch;
And testing the permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material according to the obtained permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value.
Optionally, the applying pressure to the measured material at the center of the space between the bearing modules through the hydraulic rod includes:
The hydraulic rod is controlled to perform up-and-down telescopic movement;
When the hydraulic rod stretches downwards, uniformly increasing pressure is applied to the measured material;
When the hydraulic rod stops extending downwards, stopping applying uniformly increased pressure to the measured material;
when the hydraulic rod shortens upward until it is not in contact with the measured material, the application of pressure to the measured material is stopped.
Optionally, the detecting whether the measured material is deformed by using the laser correlation photoelectric switch comprises:
The laser correlation photoelectric switch consists of a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end transmits macroscopic laser beams to the receiving end in a straight line;
The transmitting end and the receiving end are respectively arranged at two ends of a sliding rail in the bearing module and are positioned on the horizontal middle line of the sliding rail;
the transmitting end and the receiving end are kept at the same horizontal plane;
Adjusting the positions of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and tightly attaching the laser beam transmitted by the transmitting end to the lower surface of the measured material to enable the laser beam to form an equal-width light path on the lower surface of the measured material;
When the measured material is deformed due to the pressure applied by the hydraulic rod, the light path on the lower surface of the measured material is changed gradually until the light path is blocked;
When the optical path is blocked, the laser correlation photoelectric switch generates a switching signal.
Optionally, the initial deformation pressure measurement step comprises the following steps:
Controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased force to the tested material at the central position of the space between the bearing modules;
respectively making a straight line parallel to the sliding rail as a reference straight line on two sides of the light path of the lower surface of the measured material;
Taking two positions at any time, and making two line segments perpendicular to a reference line, namely a first vertical line segment and a second vertical line segment;
The lengths of the part, covered by the light path, of the first vertical line segment and the second vertical line segment are respectively obtained and marked as a first length and a second length;
Comparing the length I with the length II, and if the length I and the length II are equal, controlling the hydraulic rod to extend downwards continuously;
if the first length is not equal to the second length, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop extending downwards, and the pressure value applied to the measured material by the current hydraulic rod is collected as an initial deformation pressure value.
Optionally, the obtaining the deviation threshold according to the initial deformation pressure value comprises the following steps:
After the initial deformation pressure value is obtained, the hydraulic rod is controlled to extend continuously, and whether a laser correlation photoelectric switch generates a switching signal or not is monitored;
When the laser correlation photoelectric switch is monitored to generate a switching signal, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop extending downwards, and the pressure value applied to the measured material by the current hydraulic rod is collected and recorded as F 3;
and obtaining a difference value between the F 3 and the initial deformation pressure value as a deviation threshold value.
Optionally, the preliminary measurement step of the permanent deformation pressure comprises the following steps:
the initial deformation pressure value is marked as F 1, and the deviation threshold value is marked as F D1;
Setting an expected pressure value F Phase of time according to the initial deformation pressure value F 1 and the deviation threshold F D1;
Setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F1+1×FD1, controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the tested material;
When the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material;
If the switch signal is monitored, F Phase of time 1 is taken as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
If the switching signal is not monitored, performing a second experimental test;
Setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F1+2×FD1, controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the tested material;
when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material;
checking whether a switch signal is monitored, and taking F Phase of time 2 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material if the switch signal is monitored;
If the switch signal is not monitored, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F1+3×FD1;
When the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is detected, and if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until the rough permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material is tested.
Optionally, the obtaining the deep learning network model between the distance between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material comprises the following steps:
Changing the space between the bearing modules for multiple times, and testing the initial deformation pressure value of the measured material after changing the space between the bearing modules each time by adopting an initial deformation pressure measurement step;
Adopting a preliminary measurement step of permanent deformation pressure, and testing a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material at the interval of the bearing modules after changing the interval of the bearing modules each time;
acquiring the distance between the bearing modules after each change, and recording the distance as an input value;
and the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material corresponding to the interval of the bearing module after each change is recorded as an output value,
Establishing a deep learning network model between an input value and an output value;
the deep learning is an existing mature technology.
Optionally, the method for testing the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material under the newly set space between the bearing modules by monitoring the switch signal of the laser opposite-emitting photoelectric switch according to the predicted force application value comprises the following steps:
acquiring a newly set bearing module interval;
according to a deep learning network model between the bearing module spacing and the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material, taking the newly set bearing module spacing as the input of the deep learning network model, obtaining a predicted force application value, and recording as F Pre-preparation ;
adopting an initial deformation pressure measurement step to test an initial deformation pressure value of the tested material at a newly set bearing module interval, and acquiring a deviation threshold F D2 according to the initial deformation pressure value;
controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the measured material;
when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Pre-preparation , controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
If the switch signal is detected, executing the steps S1-S9:
S1, a first experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F Pre-preparation -1×FD2, the extension of a hydraulic rod is controlled, and uniformly increased pressure is applied to a tested material;
S2, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
s3, if the switch signal is monitored, F Phase of time 1 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S4, if the switch signal is not monitored, performing a second experimental test;
S5, a second experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F Pre-preparation -2×FD2, the extension of the hydraulic rod is controlled, and the uniformly increased pressure is applied to the tested material;
S6, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
S7, if the switch signal is monitored, F Phase of time 2 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S8, if the switch signal is not monitored, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F Pre-preparation -3×FD2;
S9, when the pressure value applied to the tested material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is monitored, if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the tested material is tested;
if the switch signal is not monitored, executing the steps S10-S18;
S10, a first experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F Pre-preparation +1×FD2, the extension of a hydraulic rod is controlled, and uniformly increased pressure is applied to a tested material;
S11, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
S12, if the switch signal is monitored, F Phase of time 1 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
s13, if the switch signal is not monitored, performing a second experimental test;
s14, a second experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F Pre-preparation +2×FD2, the extension of the hydraulic rod is controlled, and the uniformly increased pressure is applied to the tested material;
S15, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
s16, if a switch signal is monitored, F Phase of time 2 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S17, if the switch signal is not monitored, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F Pre-preparation +3×FD2;
And S18, when the pressure value applied to the tested material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is monitored, and if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until the rough permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material is tested.
Optionally, the method for testing the permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material according to the obtained permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value comprises the following steps:
Setting an allowable error value;
If the deviation threshold value is smaller than the allowable deviation value, the rough permanent deformation pressure measured value is used as the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material;
Otherwise, setting a front pressure value, a middle pressure value and a rear pressure value according to the rough permanent deformation pressure measurement value;
taking the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure as a back pressure value, and taking the difference value between the back pressure value and the deviation threshold value as a front pressure value;
s19, judging whether the difference value between the rear pressure value and the front pressure value is smaller than an allowable error value, if so, extracting the numerical value of the rear pressure value as a permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material, otherwise, executing the step S2;
S20, controlling the hydraulic rod to extend downwards to apply pressure to the measured material, and stopping and shortening until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material when the pressure value of the hydraulic rod applied to the measured material is equal to a middle pressure value, wherein the middle pressure value = front pressure value+ (rear pressure value-front pressure value)/2;
s21, checking whether a switch signal is monitored in the step S2;
S22, if the switch signal is not monitored, extracting the value of the medium pressure value as a front pressure value;
s23, if the switch signal is monitored, extracting the value of the medium pressure value as a back pressure value, and replacing the back pressure value with the same measured material;
s24, repeating the steps S19-S23 until the difference value between the back pressure value and the front pressure value is smaller than the allowable error value, and obtaining the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the laser correlation photoelectric switch is used for detecting whether the tested material is deformed or not, the laser ray is straight, the deformation of the tested material is detected by taking the laser correlation photoelectric switch as a standard, the obtained experimental result is more accurate, and the tiny deformation can be accurately identified, so that the experimental data obtained by the obtained test are more accurate, and when the tested material is deformed, the laser beam is shielded by naked eyes, and an experimenter can observe the phenomenon through naked eyes, so that the experimental process is more visual and vivid.
2. The pressure value at the moment of the change generated by the acquisition light path is used as the initial deformation pressure value of the measured material, compared with the pressure value when the acquisition light path is blocked, the data of the initial deformation pressure value of the measured material obtained by experimental test is more accurate and is more close to the actual initial deformation pressure value of the measured material.
3. By means of the auxiliary line, the influence of the deformation on the light path is dataized, and the influence of the deformation on the light path can be more intuitively presented.
4. The obtained deep learning network model predicts the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure after the bearing distance is changed, and when the actual rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure is tested, experimental tests are carried out based on the predicted rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure, so that the repeated extension and shortening times of the hydraulic rod in the experimental process can be reduced, the experimental times are reduced, and the time consumed by the whole experimental test is reduced.
5. After the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure is obtained in a mode similar to a dichotomy, controlling the difference value between the pressure applied by the hydraulic rod to the tested material and the pressure applied last time to gradually reduce by one half in the experimental test process, enabling the obtained experimental result to gradually approach an accurate value, enabling the process to be carried out infinitely until the accurate value is found, and stopping the infinitely-carried-out process according to the requirement of the experiment by setting an allowable error, so as to obtain a relatively accurate experimental result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of a laser correlation photoelectric switch according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the laser beam position of the lower surface of the measured material according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing showing the line of the lower surface of the tested material according to the present invention.
In the figure, a transmitting end of a 1-laser correlation photoelectric switch, a receiving end of a 2-laser correlation photoelectric switch, a center position of a 3-measured material, a 4-hydraulic rod, a 5-measured material, a 6-laser beam, a 7-bearing module sliding block, an 8-bearing module sliding rail, a 9-measured material lower surface, a 10-gap allowing the laser beam to pass through, an 11-reference straight line, a light path formed by the 12-laser beam, a 13-first line segment and a 14-second line segment.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the method for testing the multifunctional mechanical experiment comprises the following steps:
setting the distance between the bearing modules, referring to fig. 1 and 2, wherein the bearing modules consist of a sliding rail and two sliding blocks, the sliding blocks are assembled on the sliding rail and horizontally slide on the sliding rail, a notch allowing laser beams to pass through is arranged at the joint of the sliding blocks and the tested material, and the distance between the two sliding blocks is the distance between the bearing modules;
placing a material to be tested on the bearing module;
applying pressure to the measured material through the center position of the hydraulic rod at the interval of the bearing modules;
Detecting whether the tested material is deformed by using a laser correlation photoelectric switch, and when the tested material is deformed, changing the optical path of the laser correlation photoelectric switch relative to the surface of the tested material until the optical path is blocked to generate a switching signal; the laser correlation photoelectric switch is used for detecting whether the tested material is deformed, the laser ray is straight, the deformation of the tested material is detected by taking the laser correlation photoelectric switch as a standard, the obtained experimental result is more accurate, and the tiny deformation can be accurately identified, so that the experimental data obtained by the obtained test is more accurate;
The method comprises the steps of measuring initial deformation pressure, namely, measuring the minimum pressure for deforming a measured material according to the change of a light path of a monitoring laser correlation photoelectric switch, and recording the minimum pressure as an initial deformation pressure value, wherein the pressure value at the moment of the change of the light path is collected as the initial deformation pressure value of the measured material;
acquiring a deviation threshold according to the initial deformation pressure value;
A step of preliminary measurement of permanent deformation pressure is adopted, and whether a switch signal generated by a laser correlation photoelectric switch is monitored after the hydraulic rod stops applying pressure to the measured material is detected, and the minimum pressure which enables the measured material to be subjected to permanent deformation is tested and recorded as a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value;
Obtaining a deep learning network model between the distance between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
According to the predicted force application value, a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material at the newly set bearing module interval is tested by monitoring a switching signal of the laser correlation photoelectric switch;
And testing the permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material according to the obtained permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value.
The method for applying pressure to the measured material at the center position of the space between the bearing modules through the hydraulic rod comprises the following steps:
The hydraulic rod is controlled to perform up-and-down telescopic movement;
when the hydraulic rod stretches downwards, uniformly increasing pressure is applied to the measured material, and the pressure applied to the measured material has a uniformly increasing process, so that the deformation process of the measured material is relatively gentle, and the deformation detection is facilitated;
When the hydraulic rod stops extending downwards, the hydraulic rod stops applying uniformly increased pressure to the measured material, so that the pressure value born by the measured material can be conveniently collected;
when the hydraulic rod is shortened upwards until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, the pressure applied to the measured material is stopped, so that the measured material is not subjected to the pressure given by the hydraulic rod, and whether the measured material is permanently deformed can be observed.
The laser correlation photoelectric switch is used for detecting whether the measured material is deformed or not, and the laser correlation photoelectric switch comprises:
The laser correlation photoelectric switch consists of a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end transmits macroscopic laser beams to the receiving end in a straight line;
Referring to fig. 1, a transmitting end and a receiving end are respectively arranged at two ends of a sliding rail in a bearing module and are positioned on a horizontal middle line of the sliding rail;
the transmitting end and the receiving end are kept at the same horizontal plane;
Referring to fig. 3, the positions of the transmitting end and the receiving end are adjusted, the laser beam emitted by the transmitting end is tightly attached to the lower surface of the measured material, so that the laser beam forms an equal-width light path on the lower surface of the measured material, and the deformation of the measured material is sensitively and accurately detected by the laser beam;
When the measured material is deformed due to the pressure applied by the hydraulic rod, the light path on the lower surface of the measured material is changed gradually until the light path is blocked;
When the optical path is blocked, the laser correlation photoelectric switch generates a switching signal.
The initial deformation pressure measurement step specifically comprises the following steps:
Controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased force to the tested material at the central position of the space between the bearing modules;
referring to fig. 3, a straight line parallel to the slide rail is respectively made as a reference straight line on two sides of the light path of the lower surface of the measured material;
Taking two positions at any time, and making two line segments perpendicular to a reference line, namely a first vertical line segment and a second vertical line segment;
The lengths of the part, covered by the light path, of the first vertical line segment and the second vertical line segment are respectively obtained and marked as a first length and a second length;
Comparing the length I with the length II, and if the length I and the length II are equal, indicating that the measured material is not deformed, controlling the hydraulic rod to extend downwards continuously;
if the length I is not equal to the length II, indicating that the measured material is deformed, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop extending downwards, and collecting the pressure value applied to the measured material by the current hydraulic rod as an initial deformation pressure value;
by means of the auxiliary line, the influence of deformation on the light path is dataized, the influence of deformation on the light path can be more intuitively presented, and accordingly whether the measured material generates deformation is judged according to the slight change of the light path.
The obtaining the deviation threshold according to the initial deformation pressure value comprises the following steps:
After the initial deformation pressure value is obtained, the hydraulic rod is controlled to extend continuously, and whether a laser correlation photoelectric switch generates a switching signal or not is monitored;
When the laser correlation photoelectric switch is monitored to generate a switching signal, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop extending downwards, and the pressure value applied to the measured material by the current hydraulic rod is collected and recorded as F 3;
and obtaining a difference value between the F 3 and the initial deformation pressure value as a deviation threshold value.
The preliminary measurement step of the permanent deformation pressure comprises the following steps:
the initial deformation pressure value is marked as F 1, and the deviation threshold value is marked as F D1;
Setting an expected pressure value F Phase of time according to the initial deformation pressure value F 1 and the deviation threshold F D1;
Setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F1+1×FD1, controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the tested material;
When the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material;
if the switch signal is monitored, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, taking F Phase of time 1 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
If the switch signal is not monitored, the tested material is not subjected to permanent deformation, and then a second experimental test is carried out;
Setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F1+2×FD1, controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the tested material;
when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material;
Checking whether a switch signal is monitored, if so, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, and taking F Phase of time 2 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
if the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the tested material does not generate permanent deformation, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F1+3×FD1;
When the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is detected, and if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until the rough permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material is tested.
The deep learning network model for obtaining the distance between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material comprises the following steps:
Changing the space between the bearing modules for multiple times, and testing the initial deformation pressure value of the measured material after changing the space between the bearing modules each time by adopting an initial deformation pressure measurement step;
Adopting a preliminary measurement step of permanent deformation pressure, and testing a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material at the interval of the bearing modules after changing the interval of the bearing modules each time;
acquiring the distance between the bearing modules after each change, and recording the distance as an input value;
and the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material corresponding to the interval of the bearing module after each change is recorded as an output value,
Establishing a deep learning network model between an input value and an output value;
The deep learning is an existing mature technology;
The obtained deep learning network model predicts the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure after the bearing distance is changed, and when the actual rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure is tested, experimental tests are carried out based on the predicted rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure, so that the repeated extension and shortening times of the hydraulic rod in the experimental process can be reduced, the experimental times are reduced, and the time consumed by the whole experimental test is reduced.
According to the predicted force application value, the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material under the newly set bearing module interval is tested by monitoring the switch signal of the laser correlation photoelectric switch, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a newly set bearing module interval;
according to a deep learning network model between the bearing module spacing and the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the measured material, taking the newly set bearing module spacing as the input of the deep learning network model, obtaining a predicted force application value, and recording as F Pre-preparation ;
adopting an initial deformation pressure measurement step to test an initial deformation pressure value of the tested material at a newly set bearing module interval, and acquiring a deviation threshold F D2 according to the initial deformation pressure value;
controlling the extension of the hydraulic rod, and applying uniformly increased pressure to the measured material;
when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Pre-preparation , controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, checking whether a switch signal is monitored, and knowing the magnitude relation between a predicted force application value and a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value through the flow, thereby determining whether the force application value controlled in the follow-up experimental step needs to be gradually increased or gradually reduced;
if the switch signal is monitored, the detected material is indicated to generate permanent deformation, the obtained predicted force application value is larger than the rough permanent deformation pressure measurement value, and the S1-S9 steps are executed:
S1, a first experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F Pre-preparation -1×FD2, the extension of a hydraulic rod is controlled, and uniformly increased pressure is applied to a tested material;
S2, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
S3, if the switch signal is monitored, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, taking F Phase of time 1 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
s4, if the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the tested material does not generate permanent deformation, performing a second experimental test;
S5, a second experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F Pre-preparation -2×FD2, the extension of the hydraulic rod is controlled, and the uniformly increased pressure is applied to the tested material;
S6, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
S7, if the switch signal is monitored, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, and taking F Phase of time 2 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S8, if the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the tested material does not generate permanent deformation, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F Pre-preparation -3×FD2;
S9, when the pressure value applied to the tested material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is monitored, if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until a permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value of the tested material is tested;
If the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the measured material does not generate permanent deformation, and executing S10-S18 if the obtained predicted force application value is smaller than the permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value;
S10, a first experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 1,F Phase of time 1=F Pre-preparation +1×FD2, the extension of a hydraulic rod is controlled, and uniformly increased pressure is applied to a tested material;
S11, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 1, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
S12, if the switch signal is monitored, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, taking F Phase of time 1 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S13, if the switch signal is not monitored, the tested material is not permanently deformed, and a second experimental test is carried out;
s14, a second experimental test is carried out, wherein an expected pressure value is set as F Phase of time 2,F Phase of time 2=F Pre-preparation +2×FD2, the extension of the hydraulic rod is controlled, and the uniformly increased pressure is applied to the tested material;
S15, when the pressure value applied to the measured material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 2, controlling the hydraulic rod to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material, and checking whether a switch signal is monitored;
s16, if the switch signal is monitored, indicating that the measured material generates permanent deformation, and taking F Phase of time 2 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material;
S17, if the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the tested material does not generate permanent deformation, starting to perform a third experimental test, and setting the expected pressure value as F Phase of time 3,F Phase of time 3=F Pre-preparation +3×FD2;
And S18, when the pressure value applied to the tested material by the hydraulic rod is equal to F Phase of time 3, checking whether a switch signal is monitored, and if not, setting F Phase of time 4、F Phase of time 5、F Phase of time 6……F Phase of time N in sequence until the rough permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material is tested.
And testing the permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material according to the obtained permanent deformation pressure rough measurement value, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps of:
Setting an allowable error value;
If the deviation threshold value is smaller than the allowable deviation value, the rough permanent deformation pressure measured value is used as the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material;
Otherwise, setting a front pressure value, a middle pressure value and a rear pressure value according to the rough permanent deformation pressure measurement value;
taking the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure as a back pressure value, and taking the difference value between the back pressure value and the deviation threshold value as a front pressure value;
s19, judging whether the difference value between the rear pressure value and the front pressure value is smaller than an allowable error value, if so, extracting the numerical value of the rear pressure value as a permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material, otherwise, executing the step S2;
S20, controlling the hydraulic rod to extend downwards to apply pressure to the measured material, and stopping and shortening until the hydraulic rod is not contacted with the measured material when the pressure value of the hydraulic rod applied to the measured material is equal to a middle pressure value, wherein the middle pressure value = front pressure value+ (rear pressure value-front pressure value)/2;
s21, checking whether a switch signal is monitored in the step S2;
S22, if the switch signal is not monitored, indicating that the measured material does not generate permanent deformation, extracting the value of the medium pressure value as a front pressure value;
S23, if the switch signal is monitored, the measured material is indicated to generate permanent deformation, the value of the middle pressure value is extracted as a rear pressure value, and the measured material is replaced by the same measured material;
s24, repeating the steps S19-S23 until the difference value between the back pressure value and the front pressure value is smaller than the allowable error value, and obtaining a permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material;
Through the mode, after the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure is obtained, in the experimental test process, the difference value between the pressure applied by the hydraulic rod to the tested material and the pressure applied last time is gradually reduced by one half, so that the obtained experimental result gradually approaches to an accurate value, the process can be carried out infinitely until the accurate value is found, and the infinitely-carried-out process is stopped according to the requirement of the experiment by setting an allowable error, so that a relatively accurate experimental result is obtained. The method is matched with a deep learning network model, and the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material can be obtained at the highest speed.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于,包括：1. A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method, characterized by comprising: 设定承载模块间距，并将被测材料放置在承载模块上；Set the distance between the load-bearing modules and place the material to be tested on the load-bearing modules; 通过液压杆于承载模块间距的中心位置向被测材料施加压力；Apply pressure to the material being tested through the hydraulic rod at the center of the distance between the load-bearing modules; 使用激光对射光电开关检测被测材料是否产生形变，当产生形变时，激光对射光电开关于被测材料表面的光路发生变化，直至光路被阻断产生开关信号；Use a laser photoelectric switch to detect whether the material being tested is deformed. When deformation occurs, the optical path of the laser photoelectric switch on the surface of the material being tested changes until the optical path is blocked and a switch signal is generated; 采用初始形变压力测量步骤，根据监测激光对射光电开关的光路的变化，测试出使被测材料发生形变的最小压力，记为初始形变压力值；The initial deformation pressure measurement step is adopted, and the minimum pressure that causes the measured material to deform is tested according to the change of the optical path of the monitoring laser photoelectric switch, and recorded as the initial deformation pressure value; 根据初始形变压力值，获取偏差阈值；According to the initial deformation pressure value, a deviation threshold is obtained; 采用永久形变压力初步测量步骤，根据液压杆停止给被测材料施加压力后，是否监测到激光对射光电开关产生的开关信号，测试出使被测材料发生永久形变的最小压力，记为永久形变压力粗测值；The initial measurement steps of permanent deformation pressure are adopted. After the hydraulic rod stops applying pressure to the material under test, whether the switch signal generated by the laser photoelectric switch is monitored, the minimum pressure that causes permanent deformation of the material under test is tested and recorded as the rough measurement value of permanent deformation pressure. 获取承载模块间距和被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值之间的深度学习网络模型；Obtaining a deep learning network model between the spacing between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material being tested; 根据预测施力值，通过监测激光对射光电开关的开关信号，测试出新设定的承载模块间距下被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；According to the predicted force value, by monitoring the switch signal of the laser photoelectric switch, the rough value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test under the newly set bearing module spacing is tested; 根据获取的永久形变压力粗测值，测试出被测材料的永久形变压力值；According to the obtained rough measured value of permanent deformation pressure, the permanent deformation pressure value of the tested material is tested; 所述采用初始形变压力测量步骤，具体包括：The step of measuring the initial deformation pressure specifically includes: 控制液压杆伸长，于承载模块间距的中心位置，给被测材料施加均匀增大的力；Control the extension of the hydraulic rod to apply a uniformly increasing force to the material being tested at the center of the distance between the load-bearing modules; 于被测材料下表面的光路两侧，分别作一条平行于滑轨的直线作为参考直线；On both sides of the optical path of the lower surface of the material to be tested, draw a straight line parallel to the slide rail as a reference line; 任取两个位置，作两条垂直于参考直线的线段，分别记为一号垂直线段和二号垂直线段；Choose any two positions and draw two line segments perpendicular to the reference line, which are marked as vertical line segment 1 and vertical line segment 2 respectively; 分别获取一号垂直线段和二号垂直线段被光路覆盖部分的长度，记为一号长度和二号长度；Obtain the lengths of the parts of the first vertical line segment and the second vertical line segment covered by the light path respectively, and record them as the first length and the second length; 比较一号长度和二号长度，若两者相等，则控制液压杆继续向下伸长；Compare the length of No. 1 with the length of No. 2. If they are equal, control the hydraulic rod to continue extending downward; 若一号长度不等于二号长度，则控制液压杆停止向下伸长，采集当前液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值作为初始形变压力值；If the length No. 1 is not equal to the length No. 2, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop extending downward, and the pressure value currently applied by the hydraulic rod to the material under test is collected as the initial deformation pressure value; 所述采用永久形变压力初步测量步骤，包括：The steps of preliminary measurement of permanent deformation pressure include: 将初始形变压力值记为F1，将偏差阈值记为FD1；The initial deformation pressure value is recorded as F 1 , and the deviation threshold is recorded as F D1 ; 并根据初始形变压力值F1和偏差阈值FD1，设定预期压力数值F期；And according to the initial deformation pressure value F1 and the deviation threshold FD1 , the expected pressure value F is set; 第一次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期1，F期1=F1+1×FD1，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；The first experimental test: set the expected pressure value to F1 , F1 = F1 + 1 × FD1 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; 当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期1相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触；When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F phase 1 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested; 若监测到开关信号，则将F期1作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；If a switch signal is detected, F phase 1 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material being tested; 若未监测到开关信号，则进行第二次实验测试；If the switch signal is not detected, a second experimental test is performed; 第二次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期2，F期2=F1+2×FD1，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；Second experimental test: set the expected pressure value to F2 , F2 = F1 + 2 × FD1 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; 当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期2相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触；When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F phase 2 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested; 检查是否监测到开关信号，若监测到开关信号，将F期2作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；Check whether a switch signal is detected. If a switch signal is detected, use F2 as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material being tested; 若未监测到开关信号，则开始进行第三次实验测试，设定预期压力数值为F期3，F期3=F1+3×FD1；If no switch signal is detected, the third experimental test is started, and the expected pressure value is set to F3 , F3 = F1 + 3 × FD1 ; 当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期3相等时，检查是否监测到开关信号，若未监测到，则依次设定F期4、F期5、F期6……F期N，直至测试出被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material under test is equal to F3 , check whether the switch signal is detected. If not, set F4 , F5 , F6 , ... FN in sequence until the rough value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test is tested; 所述获取承载模块间距和被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值之间的深度学习网络模型，包括：The deep learning network model for obtaining the relationship between the spacing between the bearing modules and the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material includes: 多次改变承载模块间距，采用初始形变压力测量步骤，测试每次改变承载模块间距后被测材料的初始形变压力值；The spacing between the bearing modules is changed multiple times, and the initial deformation pressure measurement step is adopted to test the initial deformation pressure value of the material under test after each change in the spacing between the bearing modules; 采用永久形变压力初步测量步骤，测试每次改变承载模块间距后出该承载模块间距下被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；The permanent deformation pressure preliminary measurement step is adopted to test the coarse measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test under the bearing module spacing after each change of the bearing module spacing; 获取每次改变后承载模块的间距，记作输入值；Obtain the spacing of the bearing modules after each change and record it as the input value; 以及每次改变后承载模块的间距所对应的被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值，记作输出值，And the rough measured value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test corresponding to the spacing of the bearing modules after each change is recorded as the output value. 建立输入值与输出值之间的深度学习网络模型。Establish a deep learning network model between input values and output values. 2.根据权利要求1所述一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于，所述通过液压杆于承载模块间距的中心位置向被测材料施加压力，包括：2. A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of applying pressure to the material to be tested through a hydraulic rod at the center of the distance between the bearing modules comprises: 液压杆被控制进行上下伸缩运动；The hydraulic rod is controlled to perform upward and downward telescopic movement; 当液压杆向下伸长时，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；When the hydraulic rod extends downward, a uniformly increasing pressure is applied to the material being tested; 当液压杆停止向下伸长时，停止给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；When the hydraulic rod stops extending downward, the uniformly increasing pressure applied to the material being tested stops; 当液压杆向上缩短直至不与被测材料接触时，停止给被测材料施加压力。When the hydraulic rod is shortened upward until it is no longer in contact with the material being tested, stop applying pressure to the material being tested. 3.根据权利要求1所述一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于,所述使用激光对射光电开关检测被测材料是否产生形变，包括：3. According to the multifunctional mechanical experimental test method of claim 1, the method of using a laser beam photoelectric switch to detect whether the material under test is deformed comprises: 激光对射光电开关由发射端和接收端两部分组成，发射端发射肉眼可见的激光光束，直线传播至接收端；The laser photoelectric switch consists of two parts: the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter emits a laser beam visible to the naked eye, which propagates in a straight line to the receiver. 将发射端和接收端分别置于承载模块中滑轨的两端，并处在滑轨的水平中线上；Place the transmitter and receiver at the two ends of the slide rail in the carrier module, respectively, and on the horizontal center line of the slide rail; 发射端和接收端保持在同一水平面；The transmitting end and the receiving end are kept at the same horizontal plane; 调节发射端与接收端的位置，将发射端发射的激光光束紧贴被测材料的下表面，促使激光光束在被测材料的下表面形成一条等宽的光路；Adjust the positions of the transmitting end and the receiving end, and make the laser beam emitted by the transmitting end close to the lower surface of the material to be measured, so that the laser beam forms an equal-width optical path on the lower surface of the material to be measured; 当被测材料因液压杆施加压力而发生形变时，位于被测材料下表面的光路逐步发生变化，直至光路被阻断；When the material being tested is deformed due to the pressure applied by the hydraulic rod, the optical path located on the lower surface of the material being tested gradually changes until the optical path is blocked; 当光路被阻断时，激光对射光电开关产生开关信号。When the light path is blocked, the laser photoelectric switch generates a switch signal. 4.根据权利要求1所述一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于，所述根据初始形变压力值，获取偏差阈值，包括：4. A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the step of obtaining the deviation threshold value according to the initial deformation pressure value comprises: 获取初始形变压力值后，控制液压杆继续伸长，并监测激光对射光电开关是否产生开关信号；After obtaining the initial deformation pressure value, the hydraulic rod is controlled to continue to extend, and the laser photoelectric switch is monitored to see whether it generates a switch signal; 当监测到激光对射光电开关刚产生开关信号时，则控制液压杆停止向下伸长，采集当前液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值，记为F3；When it is detected that the laser photoelectric switch has just generated a switch signal, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop extending downward, and the pressure value currently applied by the hydraulic rod to the material under test is collected and recorded as F 3 ; 获取F3与初始形变压力值的差值作为偏差阈值。The difference between F3 and the initial deformation pressure value is obtained as the deviation threshold. 5.根据权利要求1所述一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于：所述根据预测施力值，通过监测激光对射光电开关的开关信号，测试出新设定的承载模块间距下被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值,包括：5. According to claim 1, a multifunctional mechanical experimental test method is characterized in that: according to the predicted force value, by monitoring the switch signal of the laser photoelectric switch, the rough value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test under the newly set bearing module spacing is tested, including: 获取新设定的承载模块间距；Get the newly set bearing module spacing; 根据承载模块间距和被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值之间的深度学习网络模型，将新设定的承载模块间距作为深度学习网络模型的输入，获取预测施力值，记为F预；According to the deep learning network model between the spacing between the bearing modules and the rough measured value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material, the newly set spacing between the bearing modules is used as the input of the deep learning network model to obtain the predicted force value, which is recorded as Fpredicted ; 采用初始形变压力测量步骤，测试出被测材料在新设定的承载模块间距下的初始形变压力值，并根据初始形变压力值，获取偏差阈值FD2；The initial deformation pressure measurement step is adopted to test the initial deformation pressure value of the material under test under the newly set bearing module spacing, and the deviation threshold F D2 is obtained according to the initial deformation pressure value; 控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；Control the extension of the hydraulic rod to apply evenly increasing pressure to the material being tested; 当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F预相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，并检查是否监测到开关信号；When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F, the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested, and check whether the switch signal is detected; 若监测到开关信号，则执行S1-S9步骤：If a switch signal is detected, execute steps S1-S9: S1、第一次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期1，F期1=F预-1×FD2，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；S1. First experimental test: set the expected pressure value as F期1 , F期1 = F预-1×F D2 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; S2、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期1相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，并检查是否监测到开关信号；S2. When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F1 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested, and check whether the switch signal is detected; S3、若监测到开关信号，则将F期1作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；S3, if the switch signal is detected, F phase 1 is used as the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material; S4、若未监测到开关信号，则进行第二次实验测试；S4. If the switch signal is not detected, a second experimental test is performed; S5、第二次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期2，F期2=F预-2×FD2，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；S5. Second experimental test: set the expected pressure value to F期2 , F期2 = F预-2×F D2 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; S6、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期2相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，并检查是否监测到开关信号；S6. When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F2 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested, and check whether the switch signal is detected; S7、若监测到开关信号，将F期2作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；S7, if the switch signal is detected, F2 is used as the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test; S8、若未监测到开关信号，则开始进行第三次实验测试，设定预期压力数值为F期3，F期3=F预-3×FD2；S8. If the switch signal is not detected, the third experimental test is started, and the expected pressure value is set to F3 , where F3 = Fpre -3×F D2 ; S9、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期3相等时，检查是否监测到开关信号，若未监测到，则依次设定F期4、F期5、F期6……F期N，直至测试出被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；S9. When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material under test is equal to F3 , check whether the switch signal is detected. If not, set F4 , F5 , F6 , ... FN in sequence until the rough value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test is tested; 若未监测到开关信号，则执行S10-S18步骤；If no switch signal is detected, execute steps S10-S18; S10、第一次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期1，F期1=F预+1×FD2，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；S10, first experimental test: set the expected pressure value as F期1 , F期1 = F预+1×F D2 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; S11、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期1相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，并检查是否监测到开关信号；S11, when the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material being tested is equal to F phase 1 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material being tested, and check whether a switch signal is detected; S12、若监测到开关信号，则将F期1作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；S12, if a switch signal is detected, F1 is used as a rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material being tested; S13、若未监测到开关信号，则进行第二次实验测试；S13, if the switch signal is not detected, a second experimental test is performed; S14、第二次实验测试：设定预期压力数值为F期2，F期2=F预+2×FD2，控制液压杆伸长，给被测材料施加均匀增大的压力；S14, second experimental test: set the expected pressure value to F期2 , F期2 = F预+2×F D2 , control the extension of the hydraulic rod, and apply a uniformly increasing pressure to the material under test; S15、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期2相等时，控制液压杆停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，并检查是否监测到开关信号；S15, when the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material to be tested is equal to F phase 2 , the hydraulic rod is controlled to stop and shorten until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material to be tested, and check whether a switch signal is detected; S16、若监测到开关信号，将F期2作为被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值；S16, if the switch signal is detected, F2 is used as the rough measurement value of the permanent deformation pressure of the measured material; S17、若未监测到开关信号，则开始进行第三次实验测试，设定预期压力数值为F期3，F期3=F预+3×FD2；S17, if the switch signal is not detected, the third experimental test is started, and the expected pressure value is set to F期3 , where F期3 = F预+3×F D2 ; S18、当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与F期3相等时，检查是否监测到开关信号，若未监测到，则依次设定F期4、F期5、F期6……F期N，直至测试出被测材料的永久形变压力粗测值。S18. When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material under test is equal to F3 , check whether the switch signal is detected. If not, set F4 , F5 , F6 , ... FN in sequence until the rough value of the permanent deformation pressure of the material under test is tested. 6.根据权利要求1所述一种多功能力学实验测试方法，其特征在于，所述根据获取的永久形变压力粗测值，测试出被测材料的永久形变压力值，具体包括：6. A multifunctional mechanical experimental test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the method of testing the permanent deformation pressure value of the material under test based on the obtained rough value of permanent deformation pressure specifically comprises: 设定允许误差值；Set the allowable error value; 若偏差阈值小于允许误差值，则将永久形变压力粗测值作为被测材料的永久形变压力值；If the deviation threshold is less than the allowable error value, the rough measured value of the permanent deformation pressure is used as the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material; 否则，根据永久形变压力粗测值，设定前压力值、中压力值和后压力值；Otherwise, the front pressure value, the middle pressure value and the rear pressure value are set according to the rough measured value of the permanent deformation pressure; 将永久形变压力粗测值作为后压力值，将后压力值与偏差阈值的差值作为前压力值；The rough measured value of the permanent deformation pressure is taken as the rear pressure value, and the difference between the rear pressure value and the deviation threshold is taken as the front pressure value; S19、判断后压力值与前压力值的差值是否小于允许误差值，若小于，则提取后压力值的数值，作为被测材料的永久形变压力值，否则执行S2步骤；S19, judging whether the difference between the rear pressure value and the front pressure value is less than the allowable error value, if so, extracting the value of the rear pressure value as the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material, otherwise executing step S2; S20、控制液压杆向下伸长给被测材料施加压力，当液压杆施加给被测材料的压力数值与中压力值相等时，控制停止并缩短，直至液压杆不与被测材料接触，其中，中压力值=前压力值+（后压力值-前压力值）/2；S20, controlling the hydraulic rod to extend downward to apply pressure to the material to be tested. When the pressure value applied by the hydraulic rod to the material to be tested is equal to the middle pressure value, the control stops and shortens until the hydraulic rod is no longer in contact with the material to be tested, wherein the middle pressure value = front pressure value + (rear pressure value - front pressure value)/2; S21、检查S2步骤中，是否监测到开关信号；S21, check whether the switch signal is detected in step S2; S22、若未监测到开关信号，则提取中压力值的数值作为前压力值；S22, if the switch signal is not detected, extracting the value of the middle pressure value as the front pressure value; S23、若监测到开关信号，则提取中压力值的数值作为后压力值，并更换成相同的被测材料；S23, if a switch signal is detected, extract the value of the middle pressure value as the rear pressure value, and replace it with the same material to be tested; S24、重复S19-S23步骤，直至后压力值与前压力值的差值小于允许误差值，获取到被测材料的永久形变压力值。S24, repeating steps S19-S23 until the difference between the rear pressure value and the front pressure value is less than the allowable error value, and obtaining the permanent deformation pressure value of the measured material.
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