CN118263659A - While-drilling antenna system and drilling tool - Google Patents
While-drilling antenna system and drilling tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN118263659A CN118263659A CN202211675499.7A CN202211675499A CN118263659A CN 118263659 A CN118263659 A CN 118263659A CN 202211675499 A CN202211675499 A CN 202211675499A CN 118263659 A CN118263659 A CN 118263659A
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- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- drilling
- chamber
- barrel
- cavity
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an antenna system while drilling and a drilling tool, wherein the antenna system while drilling comprises: barrel, antenna metal cover, magnetic field antenna coil and electric field antenna coil, antenna metal cover cup joint in outside the barrel, antenna metal cover with be equipped with first antenna chamber and second antenna chamber between the barrel, first antenna chamber with the second antenna chamber separates mutually, antenna metal cover be equipped with the electromagnetic emission window that first antenna chamber is linked together, magnetic field antenna coil install in the first antenna chamber, electric field antenna coil install in the second antenna chamber, solved among the prior art along with boring the technical problem that the instrument can't adapt to different medium conditions in the pit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil and gas drilling, in particular to an antenna system while drilling and a drilling tool.
Background
In oil and gas exploration of unconventional reservoirs such as tight oil and gas, shale gas and the like, the drilling rate of a drill bit in the unconventional reservoirs such as heterogeneous reservoirs, thin layers, faults, cracks and the like can be greatly improved by applying a near-bit data measuring and transmitting technology, and a near-bit while-drilling instrument is important equipment in oil and gas well development. Near-bit while-drilling instruments commonly adopt an underground short-distance electromagnetic wireless communication technology (wireless short transmission), various parameters measured by the near-bit instruments are transmitted to a Measurement While Drilling (MWD) system MWD (Measure WHILE DRILLING) after being passed over a power drilling tool with a length which is usually in a range of 5-15 m and is difficult to embed a wire, and near-bit data are transmitted to the ground by the MWD system.
The underground short-distance electromagnetic wireless communication technology is divided into: two modes of electric field antenna transmission technology and magnetic field antenna transmission technology are adopted.
The working principle of the electromagnetic wireless communication system designed based on the electric field antenna is that the electromagnetic field is excited by alternating current along the axial direction of the drill rod to carry out signal transmission, and the electromagnetic wireless communication system is suitable for underground medium environments with better conductivity of drilling fluid and stratum under the frequency of electromagnetic signals emitted by the electric field antenna; when the conductivity of the underground medium is poor, the current along the axial direction of the drill rod is weak, so that a wireless electromagnetic signal transmission channel is difficult to establish and wireless short transmission fails.
The electromagnetic wireless communication system designed based on the magnetic field antenna excites an electromagnetic field along the direction of the drill rod through an alternating current ring surrounding the drill rod to carry out signal transmission, and is suitable for underground medium environments with poor conductivity of drilling fluid and stratum under the frequency of electromagnetic signals emitted by the magnetic field antenna; when the conductivity of the underground medium is good, signal attenuation is aggravated, the transmission distance is severely limited, and wireless short transmission is disabled.
Because the electric field antenna and the magnetic field antenna are different in principle, different application effects are presented under different medium conditions, and the application is limited by the conditions of mechanical structure size, electronic circuit power consumption, implementation difficulty and the like in the near-bit while-drilling instrument engineering application, the product of the current commercial application only adopts one antenna mode to realize wireless short transmission and cannot adapt to different underground medium conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna system while drilling and a drilling tool, which are used for solving the technical problem that a while drilling instrument in the prior art cannot adapt to different underground medium conditions.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an antenna system while drilling, comprising: barrel, antenna metal cover, magnetic field antenna coil and electric field antenna coil, antenna metal cover cup joint in outside the barrel, antenna metal cover with be equipped with first antenna chamber and second antenna chamber between the barrel, first antenna chamber with the second antenna chamber separates mutually, antenna metal cover be equipped with the electromagnetic emission window that first antenna chamber is linked together, magnetic field antenna coil install in the first antenna chamber, electric field antenna coil install in the second antenna chamber.
In a preferred embodiment, the while-drilling antenna system comprises an insulating sleeve, the insulating sleeve being sleeved outside the barrel, and the insulating sleeve being at least partially located between the barrel and the antenna metal sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment, the first antenna cavity is provided between the insulating sleeve and the antenna metal sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment, the insulating sleeve is provided with a sealing part which is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve, and the first antenna cavity and the second antenna cavity are respectively positioned at two sides of the sealing part.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer wall of the cylinder is provided with an annular groove, and the antenna metal sleeve and the insulating sleeve are uniformly arranged in the annular groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the second antenna chamber is located between the bottom surface of the annular groove and the inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve.
In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of said electromagnetic emission windows are circumferentially distributed.
In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic emission window is filled with a sealing body.
In a preferred embodiment, the first antenna cavity and the second antenna cavity are distributed along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder.
The present invention provides a drilling tool comprising: the system comprises a drilling string and the antenna system while drilling, wherein the antenna system while drilling is arranged on the drilling string.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
In the while-drilling antenna system, the electromagnetic emission window is used as an electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting window of the magnetic field antenna coil, so that electromagnetic signals can be ensured to be transmitted outwards through a metal shell of an antenna envelope, and wireless short transmission between oil-based drilling fluid with poor conductivity and stratum is ensured. The while-drilling antenna system combines the two antennas, can realize the self-adaption of wireless short transmission to underground medium conditions, is suitable for water-based drilling fluid with better conductivity, oil-based drilling fluid with poor conductivity and drilling environments of different stratum mediums, and greatly improves the reliability and success rate of underground near-bit while-drilling data information short-distance transmission.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system while drilling according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an antenna system while drilling provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of an antenna system while drilling provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna metal sleeve in the antenna system while drilling according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. A cylinder; 11. an annular groove;
21. A first antenna cavity; 22. a second antenna cavity;
30. an antenna metal sleeve; 31. an electromagnetic emission window; 32. a sealing body;
40. An insulating sleeve; 41. and a sealing part.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Scheme one
The present invention provides an antenna system while drilling, as shown in fig. 1-4, comprising: the antenna comprises a barrel 10, an antenna metal sleeve 30, a magnetic field antenna coil and an electric field antenna coil, wherein the antenna metal sleeve 30 is sleeved outside the barrel 10, a first antenna cavity 21 and a second antenna cavity 22 are arranged between the antenna metal sleeve 30 and the barrel 10, the first antenna cavity 21 is separated from the second antenna cavity 22, the antenna metal sleeve 30 is provided with an electromagnetic emission window 31 communicated with the first antenna cavity 21, the magnetic field antenna coil is installed in the first antenna cavity 21, and the electric field antenna coil is installed in the second antenna cavity 22.
In the while-drilling antenna system, the electromagnetic emission window 31 is used as an electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting window of the magnetic field antenna coil, so that electromagnetic signals can be ensured to be transmitted outwards through a metal shell of an antenna envelope, and wireless short transmission between oil-based drilling fluid with poor conductivity and stratum is ensured. The while-drilling antenna system combines the two antennas, can realize the self-adaption of wireless short transmission to underground medium conditions, is suitable for water-based drilling fluid with better conductivity, oil-based drilling fluid with poor conductivity and drilling environments of different stratum mediums, and greatly improves the reliability and success rate of underground near-bit while-drilling data information short-distance transmission.
In one embodiment, the while-drilling antenna system includes an insulating sleeve 40, the insulating sleeve 40 is sleeved outside the barrel 10, and the insulating sleeve 40 is at least partially located between the barrel 10 and the antenna metal sleeve 30. The metal insulation composite seal is constructed by the cylinder 10, the antenna metal sleeve 30 and the insulation sleeve 40, so that the two antennas are effectively protected from being corroded by external drilling fluid media.
Further, the first antenna cavity 21 is provided between the insulating sleeve 40 and the antenna metal sleeve 30, and as shown in fig. 2, the outer wall of the insulating sleeve 40 is reserved with the first antenna cavity 21 for mounting the electromagnetic antenna coil.
In an embodiment, the insulating sleeve 40 has a sealing portion 41, the sealing portion 41 is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve 30, the first antenna cavity 21 and the second antenna cavity 22 are respectively located at two sides of the sealing portion 41, two ends of the antenna metal sleeve 30 and an end portion of the insulating sleeve 40 are respectively well sealed with the cylinder 10, which is beneficial to protecting the magnetic field antenna coil and the electric field antenna coil, forming pressure balance, and being capable of resisting different external pressure fluctuation working conditions.
The outer wall of the cylinder 10 is provided with an annular groove 11, and the antenna metal sleeve 30 and the insulating sleeve 40 are uniformly distributed in the annular groove 11. Further, the second antenna chamber 22 is located between the bottom surface of the annular groove 11 and the inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve 30, and separates the magnetic field antenna coil from the electric field antenna coil by the insulating sleeve 40. The electric field antenna coil is isolated from external drilling fluid through the antenna metal sleeve 30, sealing is guaranteed, meanwhile, the inside of the antenna metal sleeve 30 is filled with oil, the electric field antenna coil is damped and balanced in pressure, sealing and shock resistance of the electric field antenna coil are protected, and guarantee is provided for service life and reliability of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 2, the first antenna chamber 21 and the second antenna chamber 22 are distributed along the longitudinal direction of the cylinder 10. The antenna metal sleeve 30 can resist external abrasion and extrusion, ensure that the internal antenna is in a sealed cavity, and protect the electric field antenna coil, the magnetic field antenna coil and the electronic circuit from being worn by stratum and from being corroded by external drilling fluid. The plurality of electromagnetic emission windows 31 are circumferentially distributed to provide leakage windows for electromagnetic signal transmission. The first antenna cavity 21 and the second antenna cavity 22 are sealed cavities, so that the magnetic field antenna coil and the electric field antenna coil are protected from being corroded by drilling fluid and rubbed by a well wall, and the performance reliability of an antenna system is ensured.
Further, the electromagnetic emission window 31 is filled with a sealing body 32. The antenna metal sleeve 30 covers the outermost layer, and the sealing body 32 is inlaid and sealed with the antenna metal sleeve 30 to protect the first antenna cavity 21 and the second antenna cavity 22 from outside drilling fluid.
Considering that the general near-bit while-drilling instrument is limited by the conditions of size, electronic circuit carrying space, power consumption, implementation difficulty and the like, the wireless short-transmitting antenna has only one form, and the electric field antenna mode or the magnetic field antenna mode, which have different requirements on the antenna envelope structure, so that the application range of the general near-bit while-drilling instrument in wireless short transmission is limited, the electric field antenna cannot meet the electromagnetic measurement requirement because the electromagnetic emission window 31 is not provided, and the envelope of the general magnetic field antenna has an insulating band structure suitable for the electric field antenna and cannot meet the working requirement of the electric field antenna.
The while-drilling antenna system achieves the applicability to high-pressure sealing and dynamic pressure working conditions. The magnetic field antenna has strict requirements on the leakage area of electromagnetic signals, and the electromagnetic emission window 31 of the antenna metal sleeve 30 is reasonably calculated and designed, and the electromagnetic emission window 31 is matched with the sealing body 32 made of non-metal materials, so that the electromagnetic emission requirements are met, meanwhile, the sealing of the electric field antenna is effectively protected, and the influence of external drilling fluid on the functions of the electric field antenna due to the invasion of the electric field antenna is avoided.
The while-drilling antenna system is used for wireless information transmission of a near-bit while-drilling instrument for petroleum drilling, is suitable for water-based drilling fluid with good conductivity, oil-based drilling fluid with poor conductivity and drilling environments of different stratum mediums, greatly improves the reliability and success rate of short-distance transmission of data information while drilling of the near-bit in the pit, solves the problems that the prior art is limited by the drilling fluid and the stratum mediums, and breaks the application limitation of the existing near-bit while-drilling instrument. The wireless short transmission of the near-bit while-drilling instrument is adaptive to different drilling fluid and stratum medium conditions, the antenna is prevented from being damaged by underground high-temperature high-pressure drilling fluid and hard stratum, and a release window is provided for receiving and transmitting electromagnetic signals with different frequency bands by the antenna with different principles and forms. However, the combination is not a simple splice, two antennas with different forms are required to be configured in a limited carrying space of the downhole while-drilling instrument, and the reliability of mechanical strength, sealing, insulation and the like of the while-drilling instrument is ensured.
The while-drilling antenna system can be applied to different drilling fluid and stratum medium conditions, improves the reliability and universality of near-bit electromagnetic wireless short transmission technology, and widens the application range of near-bit while-drilling instruments. Through experiments and tests, the while-drilling antenna system can simultaneously meet the technical requirements of an electric field antenna and a magnetic field antenna, and the cylinder 10, the antenna metal sleeve 30 and the insulating sleeve 40 realize metal insulation composite sealing, so that the two antennas are effectively protected from being corroded by external drilling fluid media. The first antenna chamber 21 and the second antenna chamber 22 are capable of resisting different external pressure fluctuation conditions. The electromagnetic wave signal is effectively transmitted, the electromagnetic emission window 31 and the filled sealing body 32 can realize double effects of electromagnetic signal receiving and transmitting and sealing, and the coil system inside can be well protected while normal work is met, so that the electromagnetic wave signal transmission device has the characteristics of good sealing performance, corrosion resistance, erosion resistance, abrasion resistance, vibration resistance and the like, and has good application prospect.
Scheme II
The present invention provides a drilling tool comprising: the drilling string and the antenna system while drilling are installed on the drilling string. The drilling tool has the technical characteristics and beneficial effects of the antenna system while drilling, and the description is omitted herein.
The foregoing is merely a few embodiments of the present invention and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the disclosure herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna system while drilling, comprising: barrel, antenna metal cover, magnetic field antenna coil and electric field antenna coil, antenna metal cover cup joint in outside the barrel, antenna metal cover with be equipped with first antenna chamber and second antenna chamber between the barrel, first antenna chamber with the second antenna chamber separates mutually, antenna metal cover be equipped with the electromagnetic emission window that first antenna chamber is linked together, magnetic field antenna coil install in the first antenna chamber, electric field antenna coil install in the second antenna chamber.
2. The antenna system while drilling of claim 1, comprising an insulating sleeve that is sleeved outside the barrel and at least partially between the barrel and the antenna metal sleeve.
3. The antenna system while drilling of claim 2, wherein the first antenna cavity is disposed between the insulating sleeve and the antenna metal sleeve.
4. The while-drilling antenna system of claim 3, wherein the insulating sleeve has a sealing portion that is in sealing engagement with an inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve, the first antenna cavity and the second antenna cavity being located on either side of the sealing portion.
5. The antenna system while drilling of claim 2, wherein the outer wall of the barrel is provided with an annular groove, and the antenna metal sleeve and the insulating sleeve are uniformly arranged in the annular groove.
6. The while drilling antenna system of claim 5, wherein the second antenna cavity is located between a bottom surface of the annular groove and an inner wall of the antenna metal sleeve.
7. The while drilling antenna system of claim 1, wherein a plurality of the electromagnetic emission windows are circumferentially distributed.
8. The while drilling antenna system of claim 7, wherein the electromagnetic emission window is filled with a seal.
9. The antenna system while drilling of claim 1, wherein the first antenna cavity and the second antenna cavity are distributed along a longitudinal direction of the barrel.
10. A well tool, comprising: a drill string and the antenna system while drilling of any one of claims 1-9, the antenna system while drilling being mounted to the drill string.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211675499.7A CN118263659A (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | While-drilling antenna system and drilling tool |
| PCT/CN2023/102411 WO2024139097A1 (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2023-06-26 | Near-bit wireless short-range transmission antenna-while-drilling system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211675499.7A CN118263659A (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | While-drilling antenna system and drilling tool |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN118263659A true CN118263659A (en) | 2024-06-28 |
Family
ID=91609759
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211675499.7A Pending CN118263659A (en) | 2022-12-26 | 2022-12-26 | While-drilling antenna system and drilling tool |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN118263659A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024139097A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5442294A (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1995-08-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Conductivity method and apparatus for measuring strata resistivity adjacent a borehole |
| US6727705B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2004-04-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Subsurface monitoring and borehole placement using a modified tubular equipped with tilted or transverse magnetic dipoles |
| US6838876B2 (en) * | 2002-02-18 | 2005-01-04 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Slotted NMR antenna cover |
| US20110316542A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Frey Mark T | Slotted shield for logging-while-drilling tool |
| CN114033361A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A near-bit multi-parameter downhole measurement and control system while drilling |
-
2022
- 2022-12-26 CN CN202211675499.7A patent/CN118263659A/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-06-26 WO PCT/CN2023/102411 patent/WO2024139097A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024139097A1 (en) | 2024-07-04 |
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