CN118294691A

CN118294691A - Speed sensor

Info

Publication number: CN118294691A
Application number: CN202310013352.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余刚; 李毅; 江海乐; 庄昊; 刘鹏程; 冯思洋; 谢娟; 田海锋
Original assignee: Schneider Electric China Co Ltd
Current assignee: Schneider Electric China Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-01-05
Filing date: 2023-01-05
Publication date: 2024-07-05

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a speed sensor. The speed sensor may include: a magnetic member; a coil disposed opposite the magnetic member, the coil having a hole penetrating a center thereof; and a magnetically permeable frame including a first magnetically permeable portion extending from the first end of the magnetic member to the first end of the coil and a second magnetically permeable portion extending from the second end of the magnetic member to the second end of the coil such that the magnetic member can reciprocate relative to the coil in a first direction from the magnetic member to the coil within a range defined by the coil, the first magnetically permeable portion, and the second magnetically permeable portion. The area of the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the first magnetically permeable portion and the second magnetically permeable portion may increase along the first direction. The speed sensor can be implemented as an external accessory of the equipment to be measured, and can assist in detecting the speed of a moving part of the equipment to be measured under the condition that the internal electrical and mechanical structures of the equipment to be measured are not changed.

Description

Speed sensor

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to a speed sensor.

Background

A speed sensor is an element for converting a change in speed into a change in electric quantity, and has wide application in the electric and electronic fields.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure relates to a speed sensor that can be implemented as an external accessory to a device under test, assisting in detecting the speed of a moving part of the device under test without changing the internal electrical and mechanical structure of the device under test.

According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a speed sensor is provided. The speed sensor may include: a magnetic member; a coil disposed opposite the magnetic member, the coil having a hole penetrating a center thereof; and a magnetically permeable frame including a first magnetically permeable portion extending from the first end of the magnetic member to the first end of the coil and a second magnetically permeable portion extending from the second end of the magnetic member to the second end of the coil such that the magnetic member can reciprocate relative to the coil in a first direction from the magnetic member to the coil within a range defined by the coil, the first magnetically permeable portion, and the second magnetically permeable portion. The area of the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the first magnetically permeable portion and the second magnetically permeable portion may increase along the first direction.

Optionally, the direction from the first magnetically permeable portion to the second magnetically permeable portion is a second direction, the directions along two opposite rays perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction are a third direction and a fourth direction, respectively, and the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the first magnetically permeable portion and the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the second magnetically permeable portion may increase in size along the first direction in the third direction and/or the fourth direction.

Alternatively, the direction from the first magnetically conductive portion to the second magnetically conductive portion is the second direction, the direction from the second magnetically conductive portion to the first magnetically conductive portion is the fifth direction, the dimension of the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the first magnetically conductive portion in the fifth direction may increase along the first direction, and the dimension of the cross section perpendicular to the first direction in the second magnetically conductive portion in the second direction may increase along the first direction.

Alternatively, the magnetic member is hard-wired with the device under test such that the magnetic member can reciprocate relative to the coil in the first direction as the moving member of the device under test moves.

Alternatively, the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil may be linear with the displacement of the magnetic component in the first direction relative to the coil.

Optionally, the magnetically permeable frame may further comprise a third magnetically permeable portion connected to the first magnetically permeable portion at the first end of the coil and extending through the aperture of the coil to the second end of the coil, and a fourth magnetically permeable portion connected to the second magnetically permeable portion at the second end of the coil and extending through the aperture of the coil to the first end of the coil.

Alternatively, the first and third magnetically permeable portions may be formed in an L shape, and the second and fourth magnetically permeable portions may be formed in an L shape.

Optionally, the magnetically permeable frame may further comprise a fifth magnetically permeable portion passing through the aperture of the coil and connected between the first magnetically permeable portion and the second magnetically permeable portion.

Alternatively, the first magnetically permeable portion, the second magnetically permeable portion, and the fifth magnetically permeable portion may be formed in a right angle U-shape.

Alternatively, the magnetic component may comprise a permanent magnet.

Alternatively, the magnetic member may further include a first magnetically conductive iron block disposed between the first magnetically conductive portion and the permanent magnet, and a second magnetically conductive iron block disposed between the second magnetically conductive portion and the permanent magnet.

Drawings

Aspects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is an overall view of a speed sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a speed sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 schematically illustrates the shape of a cross section of a magnetically permeable frame of a speed sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the shape of a cross section of a magnetically permeable frame of a speed sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a structure of a magnetically permeable frame of a speed sensor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein, which may be embodied in many different forms. The described embodiments are intended only to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the concept of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. Features of the various embodiments described may be combined with or substituted for one another, unless expressly excluded or excluded depending on the context.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a speed sensor. The speed sensor can be implemented as an external accessory of the equipment to be measured, is convenient to install, and can determine the speed associated with the moving part of the equipment to be measured under the condition that the internal electrical and mechanical structure of the equipment to be measured is not changed.

Fig. 1 is an overall view of a speed sensor 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a speed sensor 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to both fig. 1 and2, the speed sensor 100 may include a magnetic component 101, a coil 102, and a magnetically permeable frame 103. The coil 102 may be disposed opposite the magnetic member 101 and may have a hole 1021 penetrating the center thereof. The magnetically permeable frame 103 may include a first magnetically permeable portion 1031 and a second magnetically permeable portion 1032. The first magnetically permeable portion 1031 may extend from the first end 101-a of the magnetic member 101 to the first end 102-a of the coil 102. The second magnetically permeable portion 1032 may extend from the second end 101-b of the magnetic component 101 to the second end 102-b of the coil 102. The magnetic member 101 may reciprocate relative to the coil 102, i.e., toward or away from the coil 102, in a first direction D1 from the magnetic member 101 to the coil 102, within the range defined by the coil 102, the first magnetically permeable portion 1031, and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032. As the magnetic member 101 moves, the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil 102 changes.

Fig. 1 also shows further details of the first and second magnetically permeable portions 1031, 1032, including a schematic section S1 in the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 perpendicular to the first direction D1 and a schematic section S2 in the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 perpendicular to the first direction D1. The inventors of the present disclosure found that by designing the areas of the sections S1, S2 to increase along the first direction D1, the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil 102 can be made to correspond to the displacement of the magnetic member 101 relative to the coil 102 in the first direction D1. In one embodiment, by designing the area of the sections S1, S2 to increase along the first direction D1, the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil 102 may be made to be in a linear relationship with the displacement of the magnetic component 101 relative to the coil 102 in the first direction D1. For example, the magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil 102 and the displacement of the magnetic member 101 relative to the coil 102 in the first direction D1 may satisfy the following equation:

Flux=k-Travel equation 1

Where Flux denotes the magnitude of the magnetic Flux in the coil 102, travel denotes the displacement of the magnetic component 101 towards or away from the coil 102 in the range defined by the coil 102, the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032, and k is a predefined coefficient, which may depend on the material, structure of the coil 102 and the magnetic component 101 and the shape of the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032, e.g. take on values in the range of 0.1-10.

Thus, the moving speed V of the magnetic member 101 can be derived as follows:

Where t represents time and d () represents differentiation.

Substituting equation 1 above into equation 2 yields:

where Voltage represents the Voltage across the coil 102.

Thus, by measuring the voltage across the coil 102, the moving speed V of the magnetic member 101 can be determined.

Then, it is possible to consider correlating the movement of the magnetic member 101 with the movement of the moving member of the device to be measured, so that the speed of the device to be measured can be determined.

Thus, in one embodiment, the magnetic component 101 may be hard-wired to the device under test such that movement of the moving component of the device under test may drive movement of the magnetic component 101. The hard connection may be achieved, for example, by injection molding the magnetic part 101 into a plastic part and connecting the plastic part with the moving parts of the device under test by hooks. By the hard connection between the magnetic member 101 and the device under test, the magnetic member 101 can reciprocate in the first direction D1 with respect to the coil 102 along with the movement of the moving member of the device under test.

Such a speed sensor 100 may be applied in many ways. For example, the product to be measured may be a contactor and the moving part of the device to be measured may be a contact of the contactor. The contactor is an electric appliance which uses a coil to flow current to generate a magnetic field so as to close a contact to control a load. Over time, the contacts of the contactor may wear. The degree of contact wear is an important information to the user. However, there is currently no means for quantifying the contact wear level of a contactor with great accuracy and in time.

The inventors of the present disclosure have discovered through testing and calculation that the opening and/or closing speed of the contactor contacts is related to the degree of contact wear. For example, the opening and/or closing speed of the new contact is significantly faster than the opening and/or closing speed of the old contact. Once the opening and/or closing speed of the contacts is determined, the degree of contact wear can be deduced. Thus, determining the opening and/or closing speed of the contactor contacts is critical to determining the degree of contact wear.

Thus, to determine the opening and/or closing speed of the contactor contacts, the magnetic component 101 of the speed sensor 100 may be hard-wired to the contactor such that movement of the contactor contacts may drive movement of the magnetic component 101. In this way, the magnetic component 101 may reciprocate in the first direction D1 relative to the coil 102 with movement of the contacts of the contactor (i.e., opening and/or closing of the contacts). By determining the speed V of movement of the magnetic member 101 as described above, the speed associated with opening and/or closing of the contacts of the contactor and thus the degree of wear of the contacts of the contactor can be determined so as to alert the user to timely replacement. For example, the determined speed associated with opening and/or closing of the contacts of the contactor may be processed by a microprocessor, thereby enabling the degree of contact wear of the contactor to be determined. For example, a quantitative parameter of contact wear of the contactor may be given, such as having worn 65%, 80%, etc.

The hard connection between the magnetic part 101 and the contactor may be achieved, for example, by injection molding the magnetic part 101 in a plastic part and connecting the plastic part and the contacts of the contactor together by hooks.

The cross sections S1, S2 are rectangular in shape. The above-described design of the areas of the sections S1, S2 to increase along the first direction D1 may be implemented such that either or both of the length and the width of the sections S1, S2 increase along the first direction D1.

The direction from the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 to the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 may be defined as a second direction D2, and the directions along two opposite rays perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 are defined as a third direction D3 and a fourth direction D4, respectively, i.e., the third direction D3 and the fourth direction D4 are opposite directions, and are both perpendicular to the first direction D1 and the second direction D2. In one embodiment, the increase in the length of the sections S1, S2 (the dimension of the sections S1, S2 in the directions D3, D4 in fig. 1) along the first direction D1 may be implemented such that the dimensions of the sections S1 and S2 in the third direction D3 and/or the fourth direction D4 increase along the first direction D1. That is, the dimensions of the sections S1, S2 in the third direction D3 may be made to increase along the first direction D1, the dimensions of the sections S1, S2 in the fourth direction D4 may be made to increase along the first direction D1, or the dimensions of the sections S1, S2 in both the third direction D3 and the fourth direction D4 may be made to increase along the first direction D1.

For ease of understanding, fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrate that in the case where the dimensions of the sections S1 and S2 in the third direction D3 and/or the fourth direction D4 increase along the first direction D1, the shape of the section P1 perpendicular to the second direction D2 in the first magnetically conductive portion 1031 and the section P2 perpendicular to the second direction D2 in the second magnetically conductive portion 1032 may be triangular. It is understood that the shape of these sections P1, P2 is merely exemplary and not limiting, and that the shape of sections P1, P2 is not limited to triangular. For example, the shapes of the sections P1 and P2 may be trapezoidal, or irregular shapes as schematically shown in fig. 3, or the like, in addition to triangular, as long as the areas of the sections S1, S2 are increased along the first direction D1.

The direction from the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 to the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 may be defined as a fifth direction D5, i.e., the fifth direction D5 is a direction opposite to the second direction D2. In one embodiment, the increase in the width of the sections S1, S2 (the dimension of the sections S1, S2 in the directions D2, D5 in fig. 1) along the first direction D1 may be implemented such that the dimension of the section S1 in the fifth direction D5 increases along the first direction D1 and the dimension of the section S2 in the second direction D2 increases along the first direction D1. That is, the thickness D of the cross section S1 schematically shown in fig. 1 expands outward along the first direction D1 with respect to the range defined by the coil 102, the first magnetically permeable portion 1031, and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032. Similarly, the thickness of the section S2 (not shown) also extends outwardly in the first direction D1 relative to the extent defined by the coil 102, the first magnetically permeable portion 1031, and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032. The reason why the thickness is allowed to expand only outward but not inward is that the magnetic member 101 needs to reciprocate in the first direction D1 with respect to the coil 102 as described above.

For ease of understanding, fig. 1 and 2 schematically show that in the case where the dimension of the section S1 in the fifth direction D5 increases along the first direction D1 and the dimension of the section S2 in the second direction D2 increases along the first direction D1, the shape of the section P3 perpendicular to the above-described third direction D3 and/or fourth direction D4 in the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 and the section P4 perpendicular to the above-described third direction D3 and/or fourth direction D4 in the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 may be a right triangle, a right trapezoid, or an irregular shape as schematically shown in fig. 4, as schematically shown in fig. 4. However, it is to be understood that the shapes of these cross sections P3, P4 are merely examples and not limiting, and that the shapes of the cross sections P3, P4 are not limited to the shapes shown in fig. 4, as long as the areas of the cross sections S1, S2 increase along the first direction D1 are satisfied.

Referring again to fig. 1 and 2 simultaneously, in one embodiment, in order to achieve stable connection of the magnetically permeable frame 103 and the coil 102 to define the range in which the magnetic component 101 reciprocates, the magnetically permeable frame 103 may further include a third magnetically permeable portion 1033 and a fourth magnetically permeable portion 1034. The third magnetically permeable portion 1033 may be connected to the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 at the first end 102-a of the coil 102 and extend through the bore 1021 of the coil 102 to the second end 102-b of the coil 102. The fourth magnetically permeable portion 1034 is connected to the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 at the second end 102-b of the coil 102 and extends through the aperture 1021 of the coil 102 to the first end 102-a of the coil. As schematically shown in fig. 2, the first and third magnetically permeable portions 1031 and 1033 may be formed in an L-shape, and the second and fourth magnetically permeable portions 1032 and 1034 may be formed in an L-shape. The structure of this magnetically permeable frame 103 facilitates assembly to the coil 102.

Instead of the above-described magnetically permeable frame being formed as a combination of two L-shaped structures, the magnetically permeable frame may also be formed as a unitary structure. Fig. 5 shows such an embodiment of a magnetically permeable frame. As shown in fig. 5, the magnetically permeable frame 103 may further include a fifth magnetically permeable portion 1035 in addition to the first and second magnetically permeable portions 1031 and 1032. The fifth magnetically permeable portion 1035 may pass through the aperture 1021 of the coil 102 and be connected between the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 and the second magnetically permeable portion 1032. For example, the fifth magnetically permeable portion 1035 may be connected to the first magnetically permeable portion 1031 at the first end 102-a of the coil 102 and to the second magnetically permeable portion 1032 at the second end 102-b of the coil 102. As schematically shown in fig. 5, the first, second, and fifth magnetically permeable portions 1031, 1032, 1035 may be formed in a right angle U-shape.

It is to be appreciated that the speed sensor according to the embodiments of the present disclosure is not particularly required for the shape of the third and fourth magnetically permeable portions 1033 and 1034, and the fifth magnetically permeable portion 1035, so long as they can pass through the aperture 1021.

In one embodiment, magnetic component 101 may include a permanent magnet 1011 such that movement of magnetic component 101 relative to coil 102 results in a change in the magnitude of the magnetic flux in coil 102. In one embodiment, in order to reduce the cost, instead of providing the entire magnetic member 101 as a permanent magnet, a magnetically permeable iron block is provided between the permanent magnet and the first magnetically permeable portion and the second magnetically permeable portion, respectively. In this case, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the magnetic member 101 may include a permanent magnet 1011, a first magnetically conductive iron piece 1012 provided between the first magnetically conductive portion 1031 and the permanent magnet 1011, and a second magnetically conductive iron piece 1013 provided between the second magnetically conductive portion 1032 and the permanent magnet 1011. In the case where the magnetic member 101 may include the permanent magnet 1011, the first magnetically conductive iron piece 1012, and the second magnetically conductive iron piece 1013, the above-mentioned hard connection may be achieved by, for example, injection molding the permanent magnet 1011, the first magnetically conductive iron piece 1012, and the second magnetically conductive iron piece 1013 in the same plastic part, and connecting the plastic part and the moving part of the device to be measured together by hooks.

It will be appreciated that there is no connection between the magnetic member 101 and the first and second magnetically permeable portions 1031, 1032, and that the magnetic member 101 simply reciprocates relative to the coil 101 in the first direction D1 within the range defined by the first and second magnetically permeable portions 1031, 1032 and the coil 102.

The speed sensor according to the embodiment of the disclosure can be implemented as an external accessory of the device to be measured, is convenient to install, and can determine the speed associated with the moving part of the device to be measured without changing the internal electrical and mechanical structure of the device to be measured.

Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be provided in combination. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination.

It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above-described embodiments are merely examples and that various modifications, combinations, partial combinations and substitutions may be made to the embodiments of the present disclosure according to design requirements and other factors, provided that they fall within the scope of the appended claims or their equivalents, i.e., within the scope of the claims to be protected by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A speed sensor, comprising:

a magnetic member (101);

a coil (102) disposed opposite the magnetic member, the coil having a hole (1021) passing through a center thereof;

A magnetically permeable frame (103) comprising a first magnetically permeable portion (1031) extending from a first end (101-a) of the magnetic member to a first end (102-a) of the coil and a second magnetically permeable portion (1032) extending from a second end (101-b) of the magnetic member to a second end (102-b) of the coil such that the magnetic member reciprocates relative to the coil in a first direction (D1) from the magnetic member to the coil within a range defined by the coil, the first magnetically permeable portion and the second magnetically permeable portion,

Wherein the areas of the cross sections (S1, S2) of the first magnetically permeable portion (1031) and the second magnetically permeable portion (1032) perpendicular to the first direction (D1) increase along the first direction (D1).

2. A speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the direction from the first magnetically permeable portion to the second magnetically permeable portion is a second direction (D2), the directions along two opposite rays perpendicular to the first direction and the second direction are a third direction (D3) and a fourth direction (D4), respectively, the cross section (S1) of the first magnetically permeable portion perpendicular to the first direction and the cross section (S2) of the second magnetically permeable portion perpendicular to the first direction increasing in size along the first direction (D1) in the third direction (D3) and/or the fourth direction (D4).

3. A speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the direction from the first magnetically permeable portion to the second magnetically permeable portion is a second direction (D2), the direction from the second magnetically permeable portion to the first magnetically permeable portion is a fifth direction (D5), the dimension of the section (S1) of the first magnetically permeable portion perpendicular to the first direction in the fifth direction (D5) increases along the first direction (D1), and the dimension of the section (S2) of the second magnetically permeable portion perpendicular to the first direction in the second direction (D2) increases along the first direction.

4. A speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic component is hard-wired with the device under test such that the magnetic component reciprocates in the first direction relative to the coil as the moving component of the device under test moves.

5. The speed sensor according to claim 4, wherein a magnitude of the magnetic flux in the coil is linear with a displacement of the magnetic component relative to the coil in the first direction.

6. The speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetically permeable frame (103) further comprises a third magnetically permeable portion (1033) and a fourth magnetically permeable portion (1034),

The third magnetically permeable portion (1033) is connected to the first magnetically permeable portion (1031) at a first end (102-a) of the coil and extends through the bore (1021) of the coil to a second end (102-b) of the coil,

The fourth magnetically permeable portion (1034) is connected to the second magnetically permeable portion (1032) at the second end (102-b) of the coil and extends through the bore (1021) of the coil to the first end (102-a) of the coil.

7. The speed sensor according to claim 6, wherein the first magnetically permeable portion (1031) and the third magnetically permeable portion (1033) are formed in an L-shape, and the second magnetically permeable portion (1032) and the fourth magnetically permeable portion (1034) are formed in an L-shape.

8. The speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetically permeable frame (103) further comprises a fifth magnetically permeable portion (1035) passing through the aperture (1021) of the coil and connected between the first magnetically permeable portion (1031) and the second magnetically permeable portion (1032).

9. The speed sensor according to claim 8, wherein the first magnetically permeable portion (1031), the second magnetically permeable portion (1032), and the fifth magnetically permeable portion (1035) are formed in a right angle U-shape.

10. The speed sensor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic member (101) comprises a permanent magnet (1011).

11. The speed sensor according to claim 10, wherein the magnetic component further comprises a first magnetically permeable iron block (1012) disposed between the first magnetically permeable portion (1031) and the permanent magnet (1011) and a second magnetically permeable iron block (1013) disposed between the second magnetically permeable portion (1032) and the permanent magnet (1011).