CN118321710A - Ultrafast laser precision machining device for composite material with complex structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrafast laser precision machining device for composite materials with complex structures, which comprises: the multi-axis motion platform is suitable for mounting a sample to be processed; the processing module comprises an ultrafast laser, a quarter wave plate, a shutter, a light field shaping phase plate, an electric zoom beam expander, a neutral density attenuation sheet, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a focusing lens, wherein the output wavelength, the repetition frequency and the pulse width of the ultrafast laser are adjustable, and the light field shaping phase plate is suitable for increasing the focal depth and reducing the light spot area; the monitoring feedback system comprises a detection laser and a plurality of monitoring sensors; and the control system is respectively and electrically connected with the monitoring feedback system, the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform. The ultra-fast laser precision machining device for the composite material with the complex structure has the advantages of high machining quality, high machining precision, good flexibility, strong applicability and the like.

Description

Ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular to an ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials.

Background technique

Complex structure composite materials obtained by integrating functional materials such as knitted fabrics and leather with matrix materials such as polymers are widely used in industries such as automotive interiors, medical and health care, and agricultural and sideline industries. Such materials need to be cut and processed with high precision to meet the requirements of use.

The composite material processing method in the related art uses carbon dioxide laser for cutting, which has the following problems: the heat-affected zone of the carbon dioxide laser is large, and the surrounding materials are prone to structural changes and performance degradation during processing; the focal depth and focal spot diameter of the Gaussian beam restrict each other, and the processing flexibility and applicability are poor; the processing quality is affected by the laser polarization effect, and it is difficult to guarantee the processing quality; for composite materials with complex structures such as complex curved surfaces, the laser processing system in the related art relies solely on scanning galvanometers to control laser movement and cannot meet the processing of complex structure composite materials.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials, which has the advantages of high processing quality, high processing accuracy, good flexibility, strong applicability, etc.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials is proposed according to an embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials comprising: a multi-axis motion platform, the multi-axis motion platform is suitable for mounting a sample to be processed, the sample to be processed comprises a matrix material layer and a functional material layer located above the matrix material layer; a processing module, the processing module comprises an ultrafast laser, a quarter wave plate, a shutter, a light field shaping phase plate, an electric variable magnification beam expander, a neutral density attenuation plate, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a focusing lens, the laser light emitted by the ultrafast laser is suitable for sequentially passing through the quarter wave plate, the shutter, the light field shaping phase plate, the electric variable magnification beam expander , a neutral density attenuation plate, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a focusing lens to illuminate the sample to be processed on the multi-axis motion platform, the output wavelength, repetition frequency and pulse width of the ultrafast laser are adjustable, and the light field shaping phase plate is suitable for increasing the focal depth of the laser passing through and reducing the spot area that can be formed by the laser passing through; a monitoring feedback system, the monitoring feedback system includes a detection laser and a plurality of monitoring sensors, the detection laser is suitable for emitting a detection laser to illuminate the sample to be processed, and the monitoring sensor is suitable for collecting scattered light after the detection laser irradiates the sample to be processed; a control system, the control system is electrically connected to the monitoring feedback system, the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform respectively.

The ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high processing quality, high processing accuracy, good flexibility, strong applicability, etc.

In addition, the ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pulse wavelength of the laser emitted by the processing module is 1030 nanometers, 515 nanometers or 343 nanometers, the repetition frequency is 10 kHz-1 MHz, the pulse width is 100 femtoseconds-10 picoseconds, and the energy flux is 0.2-20 joules per square centimeter.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the relative movement speed between the laser emitted by the processing module and the sample to be processed is 0.1-10 mm per second.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the light field shaping phase plate is configured to make the focal depth of the laser emitted by the light field shaping phase plate reach 10 cm and the diameter of the spot formed by the laser emitted by the light field shaping phase plate be 500 μm-1 mm.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-axis motion platform includes: a base; a first horizontal moving platform, which is movably disposed on the base along a first horizontal direction; a second horizontal moving platform, which is movably disposed on the first horizontal moving platform along a second horizontal direction, and the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other; a vertical moving platform, which is movably disposed on the second horizontal moving platform up and down; a first rotating platform, which is rotatably disposed on the vertical moving platform and the rotation axis is parallel to the second horizontal direction; a second rotating platform, which is rotatably disposed on the first rotating platform and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating platform, and the sample to be processed is suitable for being mounted on the second rotating platform.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials further comprises a smoke collection device, wherein the smoke collection device is suitable for collecting smoke generated by the laser emitted by the processing module during the processing.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the smoke collecting device includes: a dust hood, which is arranged above the multi-axis motion platform; and a smoke processor, which is connected to the dust hood via a smoke guide pipe.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the control system includes: a control card, the multi-axis motion platform, the ultrafast laser, the electric variable magnification beam expander and the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer are all electrically connected to the control card; an industrial computer, the industrial computer is electrically connected to the control card, and the monitoring feedback system is electrically connected to the industrial computer.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the functional material layer is a knitted fabric or leather material layer, and the base material layer is a polymer material layer.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials further includes a reflecting mirror, and the reflecting mirror is located between the shutter and the light field shaping phase plate.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrafast laser precision processing device for a composite material with a complex structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a processing process of an ultrafast laser precision processing device for a composite material with a complex structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a processing process of an ultrafast laser precision processing device for a composite material with a complex structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure numerals: Ultrafast laser precision processing device for complex structure composite materials 1, base 11, first horizontal moving platform 12, second horizontal moving platform 13, vertical moving platform 14, first rotating platform 15, second rotating platform 16, ultrafast laser 20, quarter wave plate 30, shutter 40, light field shaping phase plate 50, electric variable magnification beam expander 60, neutral density attenuation plate 70, two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80, focusing lens 90, reflector 100, laser 110, detection laser 121, monitoring sensor 122, control card 131, industrial computer 132, dust hood 141, smoke processor 142, smoke guide pipe 143, sample to be processed 2, functional material layer 3, matrix material layer 4.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

The ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-axis motion platform, a processing module, a monitoring feedback system and a control system.

The multi-axis motion platform is suitable for mounting a sample 2 to be processed, and the sample 2 to be processed includes a base material layer 4 and a functional material layer 3 located above the base material layer 4 (the up and down directions are shown by the arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3 ).

The processing module includes an ultrafast laser 20, a quarter wave plate 30, a shutter 40, a light field shaping phase plate 50, an electric variable magnification beam expander 60, a neutral density attenuation plate 70, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 and a focusing lens 90. The laser emitted by the ultrafast laser 20 is suitable for sequentially passing through the quarter wave plate 30, the shutter 40, the light field shaping phase plate 50, the electric variable magnification beam expander 60, the neutral density attenuation plate 70, the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 and the focusing lens 90 to irradiate the sample 2 to be processed on the multi-axis motion platform. It should be understood here that the "ultrafast laser 20" refers to a laser with a pulse difficulty in the picosecond and femtosecond order.

The output wavelength, repetition frequency and pulse width of the ultrafast laser 20 are adjustable.

The light field shaping phase plate 50 is adapted to increase the focal depth of the laser light passing through and reduce the spot area that can be formed by the laser light passing through.

The monitoring feedback system includes a detection laser 121 and a plurality of monitoring sensors 122. The detection laser 121 is suitable for emitting detection laser to irradiate the sample 2 to be processed, and the monitoring sensors 122 are suitable for collecting scattered light after the detection laser irradiates the sample 2 to be processed. FIG1 shows an embodiment in which there are two monitoring sensors 122.

The control system is electrically connected to the monitoring feedback system, the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform respectively.

Specifically, the linearly polarized laser light emitted by the ultrafast laser 20 is converted into circularly polarized light through a quarter-wave plate 30, the focal depth is extended and the spot size is reduced through a light field shaping phase plate 50, the beam is expanded through an electric variable-power beam expander 60, the laser energy flux is attenuated through a neutral density attenuation plate 70, the emission position is adjusted through a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80, and finally, it is focused through a focusing lens 90 and emitted to irradiate the sample 2 to be processed on the multi-axis motion platform.

By adjusting the pulse wavelength, repetition frequency and pulse width of the ultrafast laser 20, the pulse wavelength, repetition frequency and pulse width of the emitted laser 110 are adjusted, the emission timing of the laser is controlled by the shutter 40, the energy flux of the emitted laser 110 is controlled by adjusting the current of the ultrafast laser 20 and the neutral density attenuation plate 70, the emission position of the laser is controlled to move by controlling the electric variable magnification beam expander 60 and the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80, and the sample 2 to be processed is moved by the multi-axis motion platform.

Through the detection laser 121 and multiple monitoring sensors 122, the detection laser emitted by the detection laser 121 irradiates the surface of the sample 2 to be processed and scatters. The multiple monitoring sensors 122 receive the scattered light and transmit the signal to the control system, which analyzes it to achieve three-dimensional reconstruction of the sample 2 to be processed.

The control system realizes three-dimensional reconstruction and positioning of the sample 2 to be processed by analyzing the signal of the monitoring feedback system, thereby coordinating and controlling the ultrafast laser 20, the electric variable magnification beam expander 60, the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 and the multi-axis motion platform to process the complex structure composite material according to the predetermined laser parameters and motion mode.

According to the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 of the complex structure composite material according to the embodiment of the present invention, by adopting the ultrafast laser 20, compared with the method of using carbon dioxide laser processing in the related art, the heat affected zone of the ultrafast laser is smaller and the processing accuracy is higher, which can avoid the problems of organizational changes and performance degradation of the surrounding materials during the processing process, thereby ensuring the improvement of the processing quality and processing accuracy when processing multi-layer materials.

Furthermore, by setting a quarter wave plate 30 and a light field shaping phase plate 50, through the cooperation of the quarter wave plate 30 and the light field shaping phase plate 50, a linearly polarized laser beam can be converted into a circularly polarized laser beam, and the light spot can be reduced and the focal depth can be extended, thereby alleviating the problem of the mutual restriction between the focal depth and the focal spot in the related technology and the problem that the processing quality is affected by the laser polarization, thereby improving the processing quality, processing flexibility and applicability of the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials.

In addition, by setting up a multi-axis motion platform, compared with the method of only moving the laser in the related art, the multi-axis motion platform can be used to drive the sample 2 to be processed to perform complex movements, which can facilitate the laser 110 emitted by the processing module to process different positions of the sample 2 to be processed, and facilitate the processing of composite materials with complex structures such as complex curved surfaces. By setting up a monitoring feedback system, the monitoring feedback system can be used to accurately and comprehensively position the composite materials with complex structures, thereby further facilitating the processing of composite materials with complex mechanisms. By setting up a control system, the control system can make the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform work together according to the positioning results of the monitoring feedback system, so that by coordinating the movement of the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform, the movement of the laser and the sample 2 to be processed can be coordinated with each other, further facilitating the processing of composite materials with complex structures, and improving the applicability of the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for composite materials with complex structures.

Therefore, the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages of high processing quality, high processing accuracy, good flexibility, strong applicability, etc.

The following describes an ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In some specific embodiments of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1-FIG 3 , an ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a multi-axis motion platform, a processing module, a monitoring feedback system and a control system.

Optionally, the pulse wavelength of the laser emitted by the processing module is 1030 nanometers, 515 nanometers or 343 nanometers, the repetition frequency is 10 kHz-1 MHz, the pulse width is 100 femtoseconds-10 picoseconds, and the energy flux is 0.2-20 joules per square centimeter. Therefore, by limiting the wavelength, repetition frequency, pulse width, and energy flux of the laser emitted by the processing module, it is convenient to accurately process the composite materials with complex structures, avoid the problem that the laser cannot remove the material or causes the carbonization of the material, and further ensure the processing quality.

Furthermore, the relative moving speed between the laser light emitted by the processing module and the sample 2 to be processed is 0.1-10 mm/s. Specifically, the relative moving speed between the laser light 110 emitted by the processing module and the sample 2 to be processed can be that only the laser light 110 moves, or only the sample 2 to be processed moves, or the laser light 110 and the sample 2 to be processed move in coordination. In this way, the relative moving speed between the laser light 110 and the sample 2 to be processed can be limited, thereby limiting the processing speed, which is convenient for improving the processing efficiency while ensuring the processing quality.

Furthermore, the light field shaping phase plate 50 is configured to make the focal depth of the laser emitted by the light field shaping phase plate 50 reach 10 cm and the diameter of the light spot formed by the laser emitted by the light field shaping phase plate 50 is 500 μm-1 mm. In this way, the light field shaping phase plate 50 can fully extend the focal depth and reduce the light spot, further facilitating the guarantee of processing flexibility.

FIG. 1 shows an ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to some examples of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the multi-axis motion platform includes a base 11, a first horizontal moving platform 12, a second horizontal moving platform 13, a vertical moving platform 14, a first rotating platform 15, and a second rotating platform 16. The first horizontal moving platform 12 is movably arranged on the base 11 along a first horizontal direction (the first horizontal direction is shown by the arrow x in FIG. 1 ). The second horizontal moving platform 13 is movably arranged on the first horizontal moving platform 12 along a second horizontal direction (the second horizontal direction is shown by the arrow y in FIG. 1 ), and the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are perpendicular to each other. The vertical moving platform 14 is movably arranged on the second horizontal moving platform 13 up and down (the up and down directions are shown by the arrow z in FIG. 1 ). The first rotating platform 15 is rotatably arranged on the vertical moving platform 14 and the rotation axis is parallel to the second horizontal direction (the rotation direction is shown by a1 in FIG. 1 ). The second rotating platform 16 is rotatably disposed on the first rotating platform 15 and the rotation axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the first rotating platform 15 (the rotation direction is shown as a2 in FIG1 ), and the sample 2 to be processed is suitable for being mounted on the second rotating platform 16. In this way, the movement of the sample 2 to be processed has three degrees of freedom in movement and two degrees of freedom in rotation, making the movement of the sample 2 to be processed more flexible, facilitating the laser processing of various positions of the sample 2 to be processed, and facilitating the processing of composite materials with complex structures.

Advantageously, as shown in Fig. 1, the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials further comprises a smoke collecting device, which is suitable for collecting smoke generated during the processing of the laser 110 emitted by the processing module. In this way, smoke generated during the processing can be collected to prevent smoke from interfering with the monitoring feedback system, thereby ensuring processing accuracy and processing quality.

Specifically, as shown in FIG1 , the smoke collecting device includes a dust cover 141 and a smoke processor 142. The dust cover 141 is arranged above the multi-axis motion platform. The smoke processor 142 is connected to the dust cover 141 through a smoke guide pipe 143. In this way, smoke can be collected by the dust cover 141 and introduced into the smoke processor 142 through the smoke guide pipe 143 for processing, thereby facilitating the collection and processing of smoke.

More specifically, as shown in FIG1 , the control system includes a control card 131 and an industrial computer 132. The multi-axis motion platform, the ultrafast laser 20, the electric variable-power beam expander 60, and the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 are electrically connected to the control card 131. The industrial computer 132 is electrically connected to the control card 131, and the monitoring feedback system is electrically connected to the industrial computer 132. In this way, the industrial computer 132 can be used to process the signal provided by the monitoring feedback system, and the control card 131 can be used to coordinately control the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform, so as to facilitate the coordinated control of the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform and ensure the processing quality.

Optionally, the functional material layer 3 is a knitted fabric or leather material layer, and the base material layer 4 is a polymer material layer. This makes it easier to process the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials.

More advantageously, as shown in Fig. 1, the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials further includes a reflector 100, and the reflector 100 is located between the shutter 40 and the light field shaping phase plate 50. This can improve the flexibility of arranging various components on the optical path, reduce the space occupied by the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials, and improve the utilization rate of space.

Specifically, the repetition frequency of the laser emitted by the processing module during the processing can be adjusted according to the moving speed of the laser. Since the moving speed of the laser during the processing cannot be completely guaranteed to be uniform, for example, the moving speed of the laser will change when starting the processing, stopping the processing, and turning the processing route. By adjusting the laser repetition frequency, the number of pulses deposited on the processing route is guaranteed to be uniform, thereby ensuring processing consistency.

For example, ultrafast laser processing is used to design complex structural composite materials consisting of knitted fabrics and polyvinyl chloride materials.

Cutting knitted fabrics: The ultrafast laser pulse sequence emitted by the ultrafast laser 20 passes through the quarter wave plate 30, shutter 40, reflector 100, light field shaping phase plate 50, electric variable magnification beam expander 60, neutral density attenuation plate 70, two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 and focusing lens 90 in sequence and then focuses on the surface of the knitted fabric. The pulse wavelength of the ultrafast laser 20 is 515 nanometers, the repetition frequency is 1 megahertz, and the pulse width is 1 picosecond. The laser light emitted by the ultrafast laser 20 is linearly polarized light, which is converted into circularly polarized light by the quarter wave plate 30. The focal depth is increased and the spot is reduced by the light field shaping phase plate 50. By adjusting the control current of the ultrafast laser 20 and the neutral density attenuation plate 70, the laser energy flux is 2 joules per square centimeter. As shown in FIG2 , the laser 110 is vertically focused on the knitted fabric surface of the sample 2 to be processed as the functional material layer 3. The laser focus spot is moved on the surface of the sample 2 to be processed by controlling the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer 80 and the multi-axis motion platform. The scanning speed is 100 mm per second. During the processing, the monitoring feedback system is used to monitor that the laser beam is always focused on the upper surface of the sample 2 to ensure the processing effect. The processing is started, stopped, and the turning position of the processing route is controlled by controlling the repetition rate of the laser emitted by the ultrafast laser 20 to ensure that the number of deposited pulses is the same, further ensuring the processing consistency.

After the laser scanning process, the cut and separated knitted fabric and the polyvinyl chloride material substrate not affected by the cutting are obtained as shown in FIG. 3 .

Other structures and operations of the ultrafast laser precision processing device 1 for complex structure composite materials according to the embodiment of the present invention are known to ordinary technicians in the field and will not be described in detail here.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An ultrafast laser precision machining device for a composite material with a complex structure, which is characterized by comprising:

A multi-axis motion platform, on which a sample to be processed is mounted, the sample to be processed comprising a base material layer and a functional material layer positioned above the base material layer;

The processing module comprises an ultrafast laser, a quarter wave plate, a shutter, a light field shaping phase plate, an electric variable-magnification beam expander, a neutral density attenuation sheet, a two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and a focusing lens, wherein laser emitted by the ultrafast laser is suitable for sequentially irradiating the sample to be processed on the multi-axis motion platform through the quarter wave plate, the shutter, the light field shaping phase plate, the electric variable-magnification beam expander, the neutral density attenuation sheet, the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer and the focusing lens, the output wavelength, the repetition frequency and the pulse width of the ultrafast laser are adjustable, and the light field shaping phase plate is suitable for increasing the focal depth of the passing laser and reducing the spot area formed by the passing laser;

the monitoring feedback system comprises a detection laser and a plurality of monitoring sensors, wherein the detection laser is suitable for emitting detection laser to irradiate the sample to be processed, and the monitoring sensors are suitable for collecting scattered light after the detection laser irradiates the sample to be processed;

and the control system is respectively and electrically connected with the monitoring feedback system, the processing module and the multi-axis motion platform.

2. The ultra-fast laser precision machining device for composite materials with complex structures according to claim 1, wherein the pulse wavelength of the laser emitted by the machining module is 1030 nanometers, 515 nanometers or 343 nanometers, the repetition frequency is 10 kilohertz-1 megahertz, the pulse width is 100 femtoseconds-10 picoseconds, and the energy flux is 0.2-20 joules per square centimeter.

3. The ultra-fast laser precision machining device for composite materials with complex structures according to claim 1, wherein the relative moving speed of laser emitted by the machining module and the sample to be machined is 0.1-10 millimeters per second.

4. The ultra-fast laser precision machining apparatus of complex-structured composite materials according to claim 1, wherein the optical field shaping phase plate is configured such that a focal depth of the laser light emitted from the optical field shaping phase plate is up to 10 cm and such that a diameter of a spot formed by the laser light emitted from the optical field shaping phase plate is 500 μm to 1 mm.

5. The ultra-fast laser precision machining apparatus of complex-structured composite materials according to claim 1, wherein the multi-axis motion stage comprises:

A base;

The first horizontal moving platform is arranged on the base in a manner of moving along a first horizontal direction;

the second horizontal moving platform is movably arranged on the first horizontal moving platform along a second horizontal direction, and the first horizontal direction and the second horizontal direction are mutually perpendicular;

the vertical moving platform is arranged on the second horizontal moving platform in a vertically movable manner;

The first rotating platform is rotatably arranged on the vertical moving platform, and the rotating axis is parallel to the second horizontal direction;

the second rotating platform is rotatably arranged on the first rotating platform, the rotating axis of the second rotating platform is perpendicular to the rotating axis of the first rotating platform, and the sample to be processed is suitable for being mounted on the second rotating platform.

6. The ultra-fast laser precision machining apparatus of complex-structured composite materials according to claim 1, further comprising a soot collection device adapted to collect soot generated during machining by laser light emitted from the machining module.

7. The ultra-fast laser precision machining device for complex structured composite materials according to claim 6, wherein the soot collection device comprises:

the dust hood is arranged above the multi-axis motion platform;

and the smoke dust processor is connected with the dust hood through a smoke guide pipe.

8. The ultra-fast laser precision machining apparatus of complex structured composite materials according to claim 1, wherein the control system comprises:

The multi-axis motion platform, the ultra-fast laser, the electric variable-magnification beam expander and the two-dimensional scanning galvanometer are electrically connected with the control card;

the industrial personal computer is electrically connected with the control card, and the monitoring feedback system is electrically connected with the industrial personal computer.

9. The ultra-fast laser precision machining device for composite materials with complex structures according to claim 1, wherein the functional material layer is a knitted fabric or leather material layer, and the base material layer is a polymer material layer.

10. The ultra-fast laser precision machining apparatus of complex-structured composite materials of claim 1, further comprising a mirror positioned between the shutter and the optical field shaping phase plate.