CN118443150B - Micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor and preparation method and working principle thereof - Google Patents
Micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor and preparation method and working principle thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000411 transmission spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/245—Removing protective coverings of light guides before coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor, a preparation method and a working principle thereof, and belongs to the technical field of optical fiber mode monitoring. The technical problems that the structure of the traditional imaging method is not all-optical fiber and is not easy to integrate, and the numerical analysis method cannot analyze a complex optical system are solved. The technical scheme includes that the micro-double-arm MZI structure comprises a single-mode optical fiber, a coreless optical fiber, a beam splitting coupling point, an interference arm and a reference arm, the micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor comprises the following steps of S1, putting two optical fibers into an optical fiber clamp, S2, coupling a first point through arc discharge, S3, coupling a second point, and S4, wherein the two optical fibers are respectively connected with the broadband optical fiber and the spectrum analyzer. The method has the beneficial effects that the mode characteristics participating in interference are known by analyzing the distribution of the transmission spectrum of the MZI interferometer and the corresponding Fourier space spectrum, so that the mode detection of all-fiber mode is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber mode monitoring, in particular to a micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor, a preparation method and a working principle thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of optical fiber communication technology, the demand for communication capacity is endless. As an effective method for expanding the communication capacity, the mode division multiplexing system has been widely studied in the fields of orbital angular momentum, photonic integration, few-mode lasers, and the like. The mode division multiplexing system has wide application prospect in the fields of laser processing, optical sensing, optical imaging and the like as well as the field of optical communication. The adoption of the mode division multiplexing system can improve the quality of laser beams, improve the sensitivity of the sensor and reduce the complexity of the optical imaging equipment. In the multimode transmission process described above, it becomes particularly important to detect modes in multimode transmission.
In order to monitor the various modes during transmission, the mode to be monitored needs to be separated from the optical signal. Conventional mode monitoring methods include imaging methods and numerical analysis methods. However, the structure of the traditional imaging method is not all-fiber and is not easy to integrate, and the numerical analysis method cannot analyze a complex optical system. In recent years, with the rapid development of the emerging discipline fields such as optical field regulation and control, the realization of optical field output in a specific mode based on fiber laser is widely focused by researchers. Among them, the all-fiber mode converter has become a research hot spot in recent years due to the small size and easy integration. This makes the mode monitor of all-fiber construction more attractive for monitoring the mode conversion of fiber lasers.
The method and the mode conversion device for monitoring modes are only suitable for processing the condition of a small quantity of high-order modes, and the analysis of a large quantity of high-order modes, particularly the monitoring of the high-order modes, are lack of related researches at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the background technology and provides a micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor, a preparation method and a working principle thereof, wherein the micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor can be prepared only by an optical fiber fusion splicer, and a single-mode optical fiber and a coreless optical fiber are coupled by an arc discharge method to realize an MZI interferometer with a micro-double-arm structure.
In order to achieve the aim, the micro-dual-arm MZI mode monitor comprises a broadband light source and a spectrum analyzer, and further comprises a micro-dual-arm MZI structure, wherein the micro-dual-arm MZI structure comprises a single-mode optical fiber I, a coreless optical fiber I, a beam splitting coupling point, an interference arm, a reference arm, a coupling area, a coreless optical fiber II and a single-mode optical fiber II, one ends of the single-mode optical fiber I and the coreless optical fiber I are connected with one side of the beam splitting coupling point, the other side of the beam splitting coupling point is connected with one ends of the interference arm and the reference arm, the other ends of the interference arm and the reference arm are connected with one sides of the coupling area, the other side of the coupling area is connected with one ends of the coreless optical fiber II and the single-mode optical fiber II, the other end of the single-mode optical fiber I is used as an input end of the micro-dual-arm MZI structure, and the other end of the single-mode optical fiber II is used as an output end of the micro-dual-arm MZI structure and is connected with the spectrum analyzer.
Further, the interference arm is made of coreless fiber material and the reference arm is made of single mode fiber material.
Further, one end of the single-mode fiber I, which is far away from the beam splitting coupling point, is connected with a tail fiber interface of the broadband light source through an FC/APC connector, and one end of the single-mode fiber II, which is far away from the coupling area, is connected with the tail fiber interface of the spectrum analyzer through the FC/APC connector.
Further, a length of hollow fiber is fusion spliced between the broadband light source and a single mode fiber.
The invention provides a preparation method of a micro-double-arm MZI mode monitor, which comprises the following steps:
S1, respectively stripping a section of single-mode fiber and a section of coreless fiber, then placing the single-mode fiber and the coreless fiber side by side into an optical fiber fusion splicer, and respectively fixing two ends in an optical fiber clamp;
S2, adjusting an optical fiber fusion splicer to be in a manual mode, controlling discharge intensity and discharge time, and performing arc discharge on two optical fibers to fuse the two optical fibers to obtain a first coupling point;
S3, repeating the step S2, and welding to obtain a second coupling point;
And S4, connecting one end of the single-mode fiber with a tail fiber interface of the broadband light source through an FC/APC connector, and connecting the other end of the single-mode fiber with a tail fiber interface of the spectrum analyzer through the FC/APC connector.
Further, in the step S1, the two optical fibers are tensioned to be closely attached, and the two optical fibers and the discharge electrode are in the same plane.
Further, in the step S2, the discharge intensity is 250 and the discharge time is 250ms.
Further, in the step S3, the distance between the first welding point and the second welding point is 4.5cm.
Further, the core and cladding diameters of the single mode optical fiber are 8.2 μm and 125 μm, respectively, and the diameter of the coreless optical fiber is 125 μm.
The invention also provides a working principle of the micro-dual-arm MZI mode monitor, which comprises the following operation processes that incident light output by a broadband light source is divided into two parts after entering a beam splitting coupling point through a single-mode optical fiber, one part of the light is transmitted in a reference arm made of the single-mode optical fiber in a basic mode, the other part of the light is transmitted in a multimode mode in an interference arm made of a coreless optical fiber, transmission phase shifts are generated by the light in the two modes due to different transmission paths of the light in the interference arm and the reference arm, when an optical signal reaches a coupling area, interference occurs due to different phase differences formed by the transmission phase shifts of the optical signals in the different modes, and finally the transmitted light is transmitted to a spectrum analyzer through the single-mode optical fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The all-fiber mode monitor based on the micro-dual-arm MZI is characterized in that the high-order mode of the coreless fiber is easily affected by curvature, the high-order mode in the coreless fiber is leaked by adjusting the curvature of the micro-dual-arm MZI, the transmission spectrum of the MZI is changed, the change characteristics of the transmission mode in the MZI are analyzed by analyzing the change characteristics of the transmission spectrum and the spatial spectrum (carrying out fast Fourier transform on the transmission spectrum) of the MZI, the high-order mode is mixed into an input fundamental mode signal in a verification experiment, the high-order mode is leaked by bending the micro-dual-arm MZI structure, and the transmission spectrum and the spatial spectrum are restored to the initial spectrum which is not mixed with the high-order mode. This shows that the higher order modes filtered out in this process are a series of modes that are newly added, thereby realizing the monitoring of the external incoming mode. The work is based on the principle of MZI double-arm interference, utilizes transmission spectrum and spatial spectrum thereof to analyze the mode transmission characteristics of light in double arms, opens up a new thought for researching an all-fiber mode monitor, and simultaneously provides a new direction for multi-parameter and multi-dimension MZI application.
2. In addition, for two different types of optical fibers, the fusion tapering method needs to firstly model and simulate the two optical fibers to obtain a relation curve of the radius of the fiber core and the effective refractive index of the mode, then pre-tapering is carried out to meet the phase matching condition, the side polishing method needs to prepare corresponding refractive index matching liquid, and the respective curvatures and polishing depths of the two optical fibers need to be adjusted respectively, so that the preparation process is very complicated. The length of the coupling area and the equivalent refractive index of the fiber core can be controlled by simply adjusting the discharge intensity, the discharge time and the discharge times, so that the coupling light splitting ratio is controlled. Furthermore, the strong discharge coupling of the two optical fibers ensures that the refractive index of the optical fiber core of the coupling region has a homogenization effect, namely the refractive index distribution of the two optical fibers after discharge is relatively uniform. The homogenization of the refractive index of the fiber core ensures that light can be split by the micro-double-arm optical fiber through the coupling length of the micron level. And compared with the traditional mZI, the small volume is beneficial to packaging, and meanwhile, the integration of various systems or cascading of other devices can be realized. The characteristic of easy manufacturing also makes it more suitable for mass production.
3. Compared with the complex optical device used in the traditional mode monitoring method, the mode monitor has an all-fiber structure, so that the mode monitor has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, high temperature resistance, easiness in integration and the like in the fiber characteristics. In recent years, research on higher-order mode characteristics based on mode conversion and mode filter devices has been limited to conversion or suppression of only a small number of known higher-order modes. For analysis of a large number of higher order modes, in particular for monitoring higher order modes, no related studies are currently available. In analyzing multiple modes, we qualitatively analyze the characteristics and changes of the modes through the transmission spectrum and its FFT output by the micro-dual-arm MZI structure.
4. The invention provides an all-fiber mode monitor based on a micro-dual-arm MZI, which can be prepared by an optical fiber fusion splicer, wherein a single-mode optical fiber and a coreless optical fiber are coupled by an arc discharge method to realize the MZI interferometer with a micro-dual-arm structure, when the curvature of the micro-dual-arm MZI changes, a higher-order mode in the coreless optical fiber is easier to leak compared with a basic mode in the single-mode optical fiber to change, so that the interference spectrum of the MZI changes, the mode characteristics of interference are known by analyzing the transmission spectrum and the distribution of an empty spectrogram of the MZI interferometer, so that the mode detection of all-fiber is realized, after the higher-order mode is caused in input light, the mode detection can be realized by bending the micro-dual-arm MZI structure, the research opens up a direction for the feasibility research of the mode monitor, and provides a new idea and a new way for the mode detection and the digital mode detection of all-fiber.
5. The research provides a centimeter-level all-fiber mode monitor based on a micro-dual-arm MZI, opens up a direction for the feasibility research of the mode monitor, and has important theoretical and practical significance. In general, the mode monitor provided by the research has the advantages of small size, high robustness, easiness in preparation, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospects in various fields of optical communication, laser processing, optical sensing, imaging and the like.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present mode monitor.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus when the curvature adjustment is performed by the present mode monitor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a verification experiment performed on the present mode monitor.
Fig. 4 (a) is a transmission spectrum before and after the hollow fiber is connected to excite the higher-order mode, and fig. 4 (b) is a spatial spectrum after fourier transform of fig. 4 (a).
Fig. 5 is a transmission spectrum of the mode monitor in an initial state and after the hollow fiber is connected and bent, and fig. 5 (b) is a spatial spectrum of the mode monitor after fourier transform of fig. 5 (a).
Fig. 6 is a comparative view showing the front-rear variation of the shape of the fusion coupling point during the manufacturing process.
The device comprises a broadband light source, a coreless optical fiber I, a single mode optical fiber I, a beam splitting coupling point I, an interference arm I, a reference arm I, a coupling area I, a coreless optical fiber II, a single mode optical fiber II, a spectrum analyzer I, a translation stage I, a spiral micrometer II, a hollow optical fiber II, a spectrum analyzer I, a translation stage I, a spiral micrometer II and a hollow optical fiber I.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment provides a micro-dual-arm MZI mode monitor, which comprises a broadband light source 1 and a spectrum analyzer 10, and also comprises a micro-dual-arm MZI structure, as shown in figure 1, wherein the micro-dual-arm MZI structure comprises a broadband light source 1, a coreless optical fiber I2, a single-mode optical fiber I3, a beam splitting coupling point 4, an interference arm 5, a reference arm 6, a coupling area 7, a coreless optical fiber II 8, a single-mode optical fiber II 9 and a spectrum analyzer 10;
One end of the single-mode fiber I3 is connected with the broadband light source 1 through an FC/APC connector, the other end of the single-mode fiber I3 is connected with the beam splitting coupling point 4, the other end of the single-mode fiber I3 is a free end, the other side of the beam splitting coupling point 4 is connected with one end of the interference arm 5 and one end of the reference arm 6, meanwhile, the other ends of the interference arm 5 and the reference arm 6 are connected with one side of the coupling area 7, the other side of the coupling area 7 is connected with the single-mode fiber II 8 and one end of the single-mode fiber II 9, the other end of the single-mode fiber II 8 is a free end, the other end of the single-mode fiber II 9 is connected with the spectrum analyzer 10 through the FC/APC connector, the other end of the single-mode fiber I3 is used as an input end of a micro-dual-arm MZI structure and is connected with the spectrum analyzer 10, namely, the single-mode fiber I2 and the single-mode fiber 3 are located on the same side of the beam splitting coupling point 4, the interference arm 5 and the reference arm 6 are located between the beam splitting coupling point 4 and the coupling area 7, and the other end of the single-mode fiber II 9 is located on the same side of the coupling area 7.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a diagram of a curvature measuring apparatus of the present example, the mode monitor of the present embodiment is fixed on two translation stages 11 by using a micrometer screw 12, the micrometer screw 12 on the translation stages is rotated, the distance between the two translation stages is changed, curvature is precisely controlled by adjusting the radius of curvature, and since the higher order mode of the coreless fiber is easily affected by curvature, the transmission spectrum of the MZI is changed by adjusting the curvature of the micro-dual-arm MZI, and the change characteristics of the transmission mode in the MZI are analyzed by analyzing the change characteristics of the transmission spectrum and the spatial spectrum of the MZI.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a verification experiment structure of this example, a section of hollow fiber 13 is welded between a light source and a micro-dual-arm MZI structure, an optical signal excites a high-order mode through the hollow fiber 13 before entering the micro-dual-arm MZI structure, as can be seen from fig. 4 (a), by mixing the high-order mode into the input light, dense wavelets are superimposed on the original interference spectrum, fig. 4 (b) is a corresponding space-frequency diagram, it can be seen that 2 main high-order modes are newly added in the MZI air spectrum after the hollow fiber 13 is connected, when the MZI is bent to a certain extent, the high-order mode leaks, the high-order peak on the transmission spectrum gradually disappears, the transmission spectrum is basically reduced to the initial transmission spectrum without adding the hollow fiber 13, as in fig. 5 (a), and the corresponding space-frequency distribution is the same as in fig. 5 (b), so that the high-order mode filtered in the process is a series of modes newly added, if we can analyze all modes of the MZI, and quantitatively monitor the input signal by analyzing the space-frequency spectrum by counting the whole modes of the MZI, the MZI by analyzing the space-frequency diagram, the unknown transmission spectrum can be realized.
The optical path propagation sequence of the curvature sensor in this embodiment is:
The incident light output by the broadband light source 1 enters the beam splitting coupling point 4 through the single-mode optical fiber 3 and then is divided into two parts, one part of light is transmitted in a basic mode form in the reference arm 6 made of the single-mode optical fiber, the other part of light is transmitted in a multimode form in the interference arm 5 made of the coreless optical fiber, the transmission phase shift is generated by the light in the two modes because of different transmission paths of the light in the reference arm 6 and the interference arm 5, when the light signals reach the coupling area 7, the phase difference is formed by the different transmission phase shifts of the light signals in the different modes, interference occurs, and finally, the light is transmitted to the spectrum analyzer 10 through the single-mode optical fiber 9 to monitor the transmitted light.
In order to better realize the above-mentioned invention effect, the embodiment also provides a preparation method of the micro double-arm MZI structure, which comprises that in the manufacturing process, an optical fiber fusion splicer (FURUKAWA S C) is only adopted to obtain the structure, and the structure consists of a section of coreless optical fiber, a section of single-mode optical fiber and two fusion coupling points; the method comprises the steps of firstly, respectively stripping coating layers of a single-mode fiber and a coreless fiber, then arranging the single-mode fiber and the coreless fiber in an optical fiber fusion splicer, respectively fixing two ends in an optical fiber clamp, tensioning the two fibers to enable the two fibers to be tightly attached and enable the two fibers and a discharge electrode to be on the same plane for obtaining better coupling effect, secondly, adjusting the optical fiber fusion splicer to be in a manual mode, controlling the discharge intensity to be 250, enabling the discharge time to be 250ms, carrying out arc discharge on the two fibers to enable the two fibers to be coupled, obtaining a first fusion joint, repeating the same operation, and then fusing at a position 4.5cm away from the first fusion joint to obtain a second fusion joint, wherein the length of a coupling zone is 500 mu m, the length of an interference arm is 4.5cm, the diameters of a fiber core and a cladding of the single-mode fiber are respectively 8.2 mu m and 125 mu m, the diameter of the coreless fiber is 125 mu m, and one end of the single-mode fiber in the micro-MZI structure is connected with a tail fiber interface of a broadband light source (1) through an FC/connector, and the other end of the single-mode fiber in the micro-mode fiber is connected with a tail fiber interface of an APC/connector of a spectrum analyzer (10), so that the micro-arm I mode monitoring device is formed.
The operation flow of the embodiment is as follows:
The incident light enters the beam splitting coupling point 4 through the single-mode optical fiber 3 and then is divided into two parts, one part of light is transmitted in a fundamental mode in a reference arm 6 made of the single-mode optical fiber, the other part of light is transmitted in a multimode mode in an interference arm 5 made of the coreless optical fiber, because the transmission paths of the light in the interference arm 5 and the reference arm 6 are different, the light in the two modes generates transmission phase shift, when the light signals reach the coupling area 7, interference occurs due to the fact that the transmission phase shift of the light signals in the different modes form a phase difference, interference fringes passing through the coupling area 7 are caused by interference of the light in the different modes, so that the mode characteristics and the high-order mode characteristics of the interference light signals can be known through analysis of the transmission spectrum and the spatial frequency characteristics of the MZI, when the two-arm structure is bent, the fundamental mode in the single-mode optical fiber arm basically does not change due to the small bending curvature, the high-order mode in the coreless optical fiber is enabled to generate leakage and loss due to the fact that the bending is relatively sensitive to bending, accordingly, the bending of the high-order mode in the coreless optical fiber is enabled to generate leakage and loss due to the increase of the bending curvature of the MZI, the high-order mode interference mode participates in the coupling area 7, and the spectral characteristics of the interference spectrum can be monitored through the spectral characteristics of the transmission spectrum.
The embodiment provides a full-fiber mode monitor based on a micro-dual-arm MZI, which can be prepared by an optical fiber fusion splicer, wherein a single-mode optical fiber and a coreless optical fiber are coupled through an arc discharge method, so that the MZI interferometer with the micro-dual-arm structure is realized, when the curvature of the micro-dual-arm MZI changes, a higher-order mode in the coreless optical fiber is easier to leak compared with a basic mode in the single-mode optical fiber due to the change of curvature, so that the interference spectrum of the MZI changes, the mode characteristics of interference are known by analyzing the distribution of the transmission spectrum and the spatial spectrogram of the MZI interferometer, thus realizing the mode detection of full-fiber, and after the higher-order mode is caused in input light, the mode detection to the outside can be realized by bending the micro-dual-arm MZI structure.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The micro-dual-arm MZI mode monitor comprises a broadband light source (1), a spectrum analyzer (10), a translation stage (11) and a spiral micrometer (12), and is characterized by further comprising a micro-dual-arm MZI structure, wherein the micro-dual-arm MZI structure comprises a single-mode optical fiber I (3), a coreless optical fiber I (2), a beam splitting coupling point (4), an interference arm (5), a reference arm (6), a coupling area (7), a coreless optical fiber II (8) and a single-mode optical fiber II (9), one end of the single-mode optical fiber I (3) and one end of the coreless optical fiber I (2) are connected with one side of the beam splitting coupling point (4), the other side of the beam splitting coupling point (4) is respectively connected with one ends of the interference arm (5) and the reference arm (6), the other ends of the interference arm (5) and the reference arm (6) are connected with one side of a coupling area (7), the other side of the coupling area (7) is respectively connected with one ends of the coreless optical fiber II (8) and the single-mode optical fiber II (9), the other end of the single-mode optical fiber I (3) is used as an input end of the micro-dual-arm I structure, the broadband light source (1) is connected with the other end of the micro-mode optical fiber I (9) and the micro-mode optical fiber I (10) is connected with one end of the micro-mode optical fiber I structure, the micro-arm MZI structure is fixed on two translation stages (11) through a screw micrometer (12).
2. A micro-arm MZI mode monitor as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said interference arm (5) is made of coreless fiber material and said reference arm (6) is made of single mode fiber material.
3. The micro-dual-arm MZI mode monitor of claim 2, wherein one end of said single-mode optical fiber (3) far from the beam splitting coupling point (4) is connected with a tail fiber interface of the broadband light source (1) through an FC/APC connector, and one end of said single-mode optical fiber (9) far from the coupling area (7) is connected with a tail fiber interface of the spectrum analyzer (10) through an FC/APC connector.
4. A micro-arm MZI mode monitor as claimed in claim 1, characterized by a length of hollow fiber (13) welded between said broadband light source (1) and single mode fiber (3).
5. A method of manufacturing a micro-arm MZI mode monitor, characterized in that the method is based on a micro-arm MZI mode monitor according to any of claims 1-4, comprising the steps of:
S1, respectively stripping a section of single-mode fiber and a section of coreless fiber, then placing the single-mode fiber and the coreless fiber side by side into an optical fiber fusion splicer, and respectively fixing two ends in an optical fiber clamp;
S2, adjusting an optical fiber fusion splicer to be in a manual mode, controlling discharge intensity and discharge time, and performing arc discharge on two optical fibers to fuse the two optical fibers to obtain a first coupling point;
S3, repeating the step S2, and welding to obtain a second coupling point;
And S4, one end of the single-mode fiber is connected with a tail fiber interface of the broadband light source (1) through an FC/APC connector, and the other end of the single-mode fiber is connected with a tail fiber interface of the spectrum analyzer (10) through the FC/APC connector.
6. The method of manufacturing a micro-arm MZI mode monitor of claim 5, wherein in said step S1, the two optical fibers are pulled tightly together and the two optical fibers and the discharge electrode are in the same plane.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the discharge intensity is 250 and the discharge time is 250ms.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein in the step S3, the distance between the first and second fusing points is 4.5cm.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the single mode fiber has a core and cladding diameter of 8.2 μm and 125 μm, respectively, and the coreless fiber has a diameter of 125 μm.
10. A principle of operation of a microbeam MZI mode monitor according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the incident light output by the broadband light source (1) enters the beam splitting coupling point (4) through the single mode fiber one (3) and is split into two parts, one part of the light is transmitted in a fundamental mode form in the reference arm (6) made of the single mode fiber, the other part of the light is transmitted in a multimode form in the interference arm (5) made of the coreless fiber, the transmission phase shift of the light in the two modes is generated due to the fact that the transmission paths of the light in the interference arm (5) and the reference arm (6) are different, when the light signal reaches the coupling area (7), interference occurs due to the fact that the transmission phase shifts of the light signals in the different modes are different, the transmitted light is monitored to the spectrum analyzer (10) through the single mode fiber two (9), the transmitted light is monitored, the spiral micrometer (12) on the rotary translation stage is changed, the curvature of the microbeam MZI is adjusted, and the transmission characteristics and the spatial variation characteristics of the MZI are analyzed, so that the spectral characteristics are analyzed.
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