CN118470235B - A method, device, electronic device and storage medium for restoring basin boundaries - Google Patents
A method, device, electronic device and storage medium for restoring basin boundaries Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种盆地边界的恢复方法、装置、电子设备和存储介质，属于地质学技术领域，其中，该方法包括：获取当前地层界面的分布信息；根据当前地层界面的分布信息，采用预设平衡剖面法得到地层沉积初始状态；构建地层沉积初始状态下的各个点位的地层厚度与当前地层界面的分布信息之间的关联关系；基于所述关联关系，拼接多个跨越断层的连续沉积区域，得到目标地层厚度与地层界面关联模型；根据所述目标地层厚度与地层界面关联模型，确定盆地边界。本发明解决了在缺乏井资料的情况下，盆地边界和规模难以准确确定的技术问题。
The present invention relates to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for restoring a basin boundary, and belongs to the field of geological technology, wherein the method comprises: obtaining the distribution information of the current stratum interface; according to the distribution information of the current stratum interface, obtaining the initial state of stratum deposition by using a preset balanced profile method; constructing the correlation relationship between the stratum thickness of each point in the initial state of stratum deposition and the distribution information of the current stratum interface; based on the correlation relationship, splicing multiple continuous deposition areas across faults to obtain a target stratum thickness and stratum interface correlation model; determining the basin boundary according to the target stratum thickness and stratum interface correlation model. The present invention solves the technical problem that the basin boundary and scale are difficult to accurately determine in the absence of well data.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of geology technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for restoring basin boundaries, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
Prototype basin, also known as basin prototype, refers to a basin with specific depositional entities formed in a relatively single geodynamic system or single-rotation structural evolution stage. Or in the whole geological history evolution process, one structural layer formed by different evolution stages corresponds to the evolution stage of each specific structural layer, and the geological structure environment, the dominant sedimentation mechanism, the sedimentation filling combination and the determined basin boundary are relatively stable. The basin is not completely preserved due to formation development caused by construction activities, so that the boundary of the basin and the scale of the basin are difficult to determine, analysis and knowledge of the basin are influenced, and especially knowledge of the structure and sediment distribution inside the basin is influenced, so that resource exploration is influenced. In order to accurately predict the distribution of sediments within a basin, it is necessary to analyze the basin filling process and restore the original state or basin boundaries at the time of basin deposition, depending on the remaining formation. At present, basin boundaries and basin scale restoration are mainly achieved by using a stratigraphic method, a basin edge phase, clastic rock mineral maturity, a clastic heavy mineral stability coefficient and a Pankeri's method, and the prototype basin boundaries are restored as accurately as possible by utilizing the advantage comprehensive analysis of various methods.
However, these methods still have limitations in that complex geologic processes such as formation activity, depositions, etc. during basin evolution can cause dislocation of the formation, misleading to the difficulty in accurately determining the boundaries and scale of the prototype basin in the absence of well data. Well data refers to data concerning subsurface rock structure, properties, and formation information acquired through geological exploration work around a wellhead. The data includes observed data in terms of core samples, logging data, rock sample analysis results, wellbore formation records, earth temperature, earth stress, etc. during the well drilling process. Well data is an important data source for researching the fields of geological structure, oil and gas exploration, groundwater resource evaluation and the like, and can provide detailed geological information and parameter reference for geological science research and resource exploration.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for restoring a basin boundary, which are used for solving the technical problem that the basin boundary and the scale are difficult to determine accurately in the absence of well data in the prior art.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for restoring a basin boundary, comprising:
Acquiring distribution information of a current stratum interface;
According to the distribution information of the current stratum interface, a preset balance profile method is adopted to obtain a stratum deposition initial state;
Constructing an association relation between the stratum thickness of each point position in the stratum deposition initial state and the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
based on the association relation, splicing a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults to obtain a correlation model of the target stratum thickness and the stratum interface;
and determining basin boundaries according to the target stratum thickness and stratum interface correlation model.
In one possible implementation manner, the obtaining the initial state of formation deposition by using a preset balance profile method according to the distribution information of the current formation interface includes:
Establishing a comprehensive velocity field in a target area, and converting a time domain profile into a depth domain profile based on the comprehensive velocity field to obtain a stratum structure profile;
Based on the stratum structure section, carrying out debulking treatment on the stratum to be restored by adopting a preset analysis method to obtain the stratum to be restored in an equilibrium state;
And eliminating the influence of faults on the deposition by adopting a preset analysis method to obtain the initial state of the formation deposition of the stratum to be restored in the balanced state.
In one possible implementation manner, the building the association relationship between the formation thickness of each point in the initial state of formation deposition and the distribution information of the current formation interface includes:
Obtaining thickness information of different positions of the stratum to be restored according to the stratum structure section;
constructing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking the position of the stratum with the thickness of 0 as the origin of coordinates, the thickness information of different positions as the abscissa and the distribution information of the current stratum interface as the ordinate;
Based on a plane rectangular coordinate system, a functional association relation between the stratum thickness and the distribution information of the current stratum interface is established.
In one possible implementation, the formation thickness may be expressed by the following formula:
Wherein H is the stratum thickness of the target point, L is the distance between the target point and the basin boundary, and a, b and c are stratum thickness adjusting coefficients.
In one possible implementation, the formation thickness may also be expressed by the following formula:
Wherein, C Top is the top boundary depth of the target stratum, C Bottom is the bottom boundary depth of the target stratum, and a, b and C are stratum thickness adjusting coefficients.
In one possible implementation, after splicing the plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing the fault, obtaining the correlation model of the target formation thickness and the formation interface, the method further includes:
Acquiring an original position of a fault;
Obtaining a splicing position of the fault according to the correlation model of the target stratum thickness and the stratum interface;
And determining the length of the fault according to the difference relation between the splicing position and the original position of the fault.
In one possible implementation, the distribution information of the current formation interface includes a formation boundary, a top layer boundary, and a bottom layer boundary.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a device for restoring a basin boundary, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
the initial deposition acquisition module is used for acquiring a stratum deposition initial state by adopting a preset balance profile method according to the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
the relation construction module is used for constructing the association relation between the stratum thickness of each point position in the stratum deposition initial state and the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
the target model determining module is used for splicing a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults based on the association relation to obtain a target stratum thickness and stratum interface association model;
and the basin boundary determining module is used for determining basin boundaries according to the target stratum thickness and stratum interface correlation model.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory;
The memory has stored thereon a computer readable program executable by the processor;
The processor, when executing the computer readable program, implements the steps in the basin boundary restoration method as described above.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs executable by one or more processors to implement the steps in the basin boundary restoration method as described above.
The method has the advantages that distribution information of the current stratum interface is firstly obtained, then the initial deposition state of the stratum is restored by utilizing a balance profile method, furthermore, according to the fact that sediment in the basin changes regularly from the edge of the basin to the center of the basin, the association relation between the stratum thickness of each point in the initial deposition state of the stratum and the distribution information of the current stratum interface is constructed, a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults are spliced to obtain a target stratum thickness and stratum interface association model, and finally, the basin boundary is determined according to the target stratum thickness and stratum interface association model. The purpose of accurately recovering the stratum boundary and the scale under the condition of lacking well data is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for restoring basin boundaries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a selected target seismic profile in the basin boundary restoration method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for restoring basin boundaries according to an embodiment of the present invention, step S102;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a formation in the basin boundary restoration method according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an inversion simulation technique in the basin boundary restoration method provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a model of correlation between the target formation thickness and the formation interface in the basin boundary restoration method according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for restoring basin boundaries according to an embodiment of the present invention, step S103;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a basin boundary restoration apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an operating environment of an embodiment of an electronic device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the application is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for restoring basin boundaries is disclosed, please refer to fig. 1, which includes:
S101, acquiring distribution information of a current stratum interface;
S102, obtaining a stratum deposition initial state by adopting a preset balance profile method according to the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
s103, constructing a correlation between the stratum thickness of each point in the stratum deposition initial state and the distribution information of the current stratum interface;
S104, based on the association relation, splicing a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults to obtain a correlation model of the target stratum thickness and the stratum interface;
S105, determining basin boundaries according to the correlation model of the target stratum thickness and the stratum interface.
In the embodiment, firstly, the distribution information of the current stratum interface is acquired, then, the initial deposition state of the stratum is restored by utilizing a balance profile method, and then, according to the fact that sediment in the basin changes regularly from the edge of the basin to the center of the basin, the association relation between the stratum thickness of each point in the initial state of stratum deposition and the distribution information of the current stratum interface is constructed, a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults are spliced to obtain a target stratum thickness and stratum interface association model, and finally, the basin boundary is determined according to the target stratum thickness and stratum interface association model. The purpose of accurately recovering the stratum boundary and the scale under the condition of lacking well data is achieved.
The inversion effect of the balance section method is utilized, namely, the balance section method is applied to restore the initial deposition state on the unit survey line, so as to restore the boundary and scale of the prototype basin. The balance profile method is a commonly used sedimentary basin analysis method, and the structural evolution and the change of sedimentary basin boundaries in the sedimentary basin sedimentation process are inverted by analyzing the information of the thickness, the dip angle, the sequence and the like of stratum.
When the basin boundary is restored by using a balanced profile method, firstly, a proper measuring line is selected and enough geological data including information of stratum structure, structural characteristics, lithology and the like are acquired. The initial deposition state on the test line, i.e. the original distribution of the formation without deformation of the formation, is then calculated and restored by equilibrium profiling. By comparing the restored original depositional state to the actual observed formation profile, changes in basin boundary locations, depositional systems, and structural features can be identified. By restoring the basin boundary by using a balance profile method, the evolution history and the structural characteristics of the basin can be better understood, and important geological background and reference information are provided for oil and gas exploration, geological disaster risk assessment and other works. Meanwhile, by combining with the exploration technologies such as earthquake, electromagnetism and the like, the recovery result of the basin boundary can be further verified and perfected, and the reliability and the precision of the basin boundary are improved. The comprehensive application method can more fully reveal the geological features of the basin and provide powerful support for geological research and resource exploration.
In step S101, referring to fig. 2, in the three-dimensional seismic data volume, a profile with clearer formation distribution is selected based on the seismic profile, the in-phase axis of the sedimentary interface is identified, the formation is interpreted, the position of the top-bottom interface of the formation is found, and the distribution of the current formation interface is obtained.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the initial state of formation deposition by using a preset balance profile method according to the distribution information of the current formation interface, referring to fig. 3, includes:
S301, establishing a comprehensive velocity field in a target area, and converting a time domain profile into a depth domain profile based on the comprehensive velocity field to obtain a stratum structure profile;
s302, carrying out compaction removal treatment on the stratum to be restored by adopting a preset analysis method based on the stratum structure section to obtain the stratum to be restored in an equilibrium state;
S303, eliminating the influence of faults on the deposition by adopting a preset analysis method, and obtaining the initial state of the formation deposition of the stratum to be restored in the balanced state.
In step S301, a comprehensive velocity field is established by performing a seismic survey of the target area and determining velocity profiles of different strata, wherein the comprehensive velocity field includes velocities of seismic waves propagating in the different strata. The time domain profile is converted into the depth domain profile, namely the time information in the seismic data is converted into the depth information, and the time domain data can be accurately converted into the depth domain data through the reference of a speed field. Through the obtained structural section, as shown in fig. 4, structural features of the subsurface structure of the target area can be more intuitively displayed, so as to help judge the nature of faults of the target area. By analyzing the morphology and the change of the structural section, the information such as the trend, the inclination angle, the slip direction and the like of the fault can be deduced.
In both step S302 and step S303, 2D move software is used to debulk or eliminate fault effects. It will be appreciated that other processing schemes may be used.
Further, in step S302, the balanced profile technique is classified into a forward modeling method and an inversion method. The inversion method is to recover from a true existing, actual deformed profile to an original, undeformed state, following the relevant equilibrium principle. The basic flow of the equilibrium profile restoration is shown in figure 5 by adopting an inversion method. The de-compaction correction is actually a recovery correction of formation porosity, which is primarily controlled by the formation burial depth and overburden formation gravity load. To accurately reflect the morphology of the paleo-structure, a debulking correction is performed on the formation before the profile is balanced, and the true thickness at the end of the lower formation deposition is restored after the upper deposition formation is stripped layer by layer. If the result is unbalanced, the time depth conversion map and the restoration map are corrected again. The restoration map after verification of de-compaction is balanced.
In step S303, the influence of faults on the deposition is eliminated, and the layers are leveled to obtain the initial deposition state of the stratum, and the deposition center is determined. As shown in fig. 6, the image after the leveling process.
In some embodiments, the establishing the correlation between the formation thickness of each point in the initial state of formation deposition and the distribution information of the current formation interface, referring to fig. 7, includes:
s701, obtaining thickness information of different positions of the stratum to be restored according to the stratum structure section;
S702, constructing a plane rectangular coordinate system by taking a position where the stratum thickness is 0 as an origin of coordinates, thickness information at different positions as an abscissa and distribution information of a current stratum interface as an ordinate;
S703, based on a plane rectangular coordinate system, establishing a functional association relation between the stratum thickness and the distribution information of the current stratum interface.
In this embodiment, the deposition process and the structural evolution can be better understood by establishing a functional relationship to characterize the relationship between the formation thickness and the distribution information of the current formation interface.
Specifically, based on the continuously deposited stratum segments, the equation is established by using software:
Wherein H is the stratum thickness of the target point, the unit is m, L is the distance between the target point and the basin boundary, the unit is Km, and a, b and c are stratum thickness regulating coefficients. The original stratum thickness at the target point can be obtained by using the equation.
Furthermore, a regression equation can be established for the thickness of the degraded stratum by collecting data, and firstly, the top and bottom boundary depth data of the non-degraded area of the measuring line target stratum are read for statistical analysis so as to ensure that a deposition model suitable for a deposition simulation method is established. Regression analysis is carried out on the depth data of the top and bottom boundaries of the non-degraded area, and a regression equation is established:
Wherein, the top C is the top boundary depth of the target stratum, the bottom C is the bottom boundary depth of the target stratum, and a, b and C are stratum thickness regulating coefficients. By using the equation, the top boundary of the original stratum of the non-integrated area can be obtained, and the erosion amount of the non-integrated area can be obtained by using the difference value between the top boundary of the original stratum and the current depth of the non-integrated area.
In some embodiments, after stitching the plurality of continuous deposition regions across the fault to obtain a model of the correlation of the target formation thickness and the formation interface, further comprising:
Acquiring an original position of a fault;
Obtaining a splicing position of the fault according to the correlation model of the target stratum thickness and the stratum interface;
And determining the length of the fault according to the difference relation between the splicing position and the original position of the fault.
In the embodiment, the coordinates of other continuous deposition areas affected by faults are fitted with an association relation model, and the original transverse sitting mark at the break point is as followsThe abscissa after the fitting equation is deviated is marked asDifference between two coordinatesI.e. the length of the missing deposition area.
Further, when calculating the initial deposition boundary of the target horizon in the region controlled by the tension fault, the original transverse sitting mark at the breakpoint is as followsThe abscissa after the fitting equation is deviated is marked asDifference between two coordinatesThe expansion distance of the basin in the evolution process is the expansion distance. This distance is removed from the present residual boundary, i.e. the corrected residual boundary length.
Based on the above-mentioned basin boundary restoration method, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a basin boundary restoration device, referring to fig. 8, including an acquisition module 810, an initial deposition acquisition module 820, a relationship construction module 830, a target model determination module 840, and a basin boundary determination module 850.
An obtaining module 810, configured to obtain distribution information of a current stratum interface;
an initial deposition obtaining module 820, configured to obtain a formation deposition initial state by using a preset balance profile method according to distribution information of a current formation interface;
The relationship construction module 830 is configured to construct a correlation between the formation thickness of each point location in the initial state of formation deposition and the distribution information of the current formation interface;
the target model determining module 840 is configured to splice a plurality of continuous deposition areas crossing faults based on the association relationship, to obtain a target formation thickness and formation interface association model;
basin boundary determination module 850 is configured to determine a basin boundary according to the target formation thickness and formation interface correlation model.
As shown in fig. 9, based on the above basin boundary restoration method, the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may be a computing electronic device such as a mobile terminal, a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, and a server. The electronic device includes a processor 910, a memory 920, and a display 930. Fig. 9 shows only some of the components of the electronic device, but it should be understood that not all of the illustrated components are required to be implemented and that more or fewer components may alternatively be implemented.
Memory 920 may be an internal storage unit of the electronic device, such as a hard disk or memory of the electronic device, in some embodiments. The memory 920 may also be an external storage electronic device of the electronic device in other embodiments, such as a plug-in hard disk provided on the electronic device, a smart memory card (SMART MEDIA CARD, SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card (FLASH CARD), or the like. Further, the memory 920 may also include both internal storage units and external storage electronic devices. The memory 920 is used for storing application software installed on the electronic device and various data, such as program codes for installing the electronic device. The memory 920 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output. In one embodiment, the memory 920 stores a basin boundary restoration program 940, where the basin boundary restoration program 940 is executable by the processor 910 to implement the basin boundary restoration method according to embodiments of the present application.
The processor 910 may be, in some embodiments, a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), microprocessor, or other data processing chip that runs program code or processes data stored in the memory 920, such as performing basin boundary restoration methods, etc.
The display 930 may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) touch, or the like in some embodiments. The display 930 is used to display information of the restoring electronic device at the basin border and to display a visual user interface. The components 910-930 of the electronic device communicate with each other over a system bus.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the flow of the methods of the embodiments described above may be accomplished by way of a computer program to instruct associated hardware, where the program may be stored on a computer readable storage medium. Wherein the computer readable storage medium is a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory or a random access memory, etc.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
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| CN117631036A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative characterization method for boundary fault activity |
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| CN117631036A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Quantitative characterization method for boundary fault activity |
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