CN118539140A - Electronic equipment and protective housing - Google Patents

Abstract

The electronic device and protective case provided by the present application, the antenna radiator includes a connecting end and a free end, the connecting end of the antenna radiator is electrically connected to a first signal source, the antenna radiator has an extended state and a stored state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the stored state is less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the extended state is greater than or equal to a second preset angle; the first signal source excites the antenna radiator and the reference floor in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band; the main resonance current of the target resonance mode is distributed on the antenna radiator when the phase is 0°, and the main resonance current of the target resonance mode is distributed on the reference floor when the phase is 90°; the electronic device and protective case have good signal when held next to the ear for satellite calls.

Description

Electronic equipment and protective cases

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device and a protective case.

Background Art

Satellite communications include Beidou, Tiantong, Iridium, Globalstar, NTN, etc. When a user terminal device is currently held near the ear for satellite calls, the call will be interrupted due to poor signal. Therefore, how to provide an electronic device with good signal when holding the device near the ear for satellite calls has become a technical problem that needs to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides an electronic device and a protective case that provide good signal when held near the ear for satellite calls.

In a first aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a reference ground and at least one antenna assembly, wherein at least some components of the antenna assembly are electrically connected to the reference ground, and the antenna assembly comprises:

A first signal source, the first signal source is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal; and

an antenna radiator, the antenna radiator comprising a connection end and a free end, the connection end of the antenna radiator being electrically connected to the first signal source, the antenna radiator having an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the retracted state being less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the extended state being greater than or equal to a second preset angle;

The first signal source excites the antenna radiator and the reference floor in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band; the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator, and the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor, and the main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is the width direction of the reference floor.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a protective case, the protective case being used to be assembled on a back cover of an electronic device, the protective case comprising a shell body and at least one antenna radiator, the antenna radiator comprising a connecting end and a free end, the connecting end of the antenna radiator being used to electrically connect to a first signal source, the antenna radiator having an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the shell body is located in the retracted state being less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the shell body is located in the extended state being greater than or equal to a second preset angle;

The antenna radiator is used to distribute the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band under the excitation of the first signal source, and the current direction of the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode is from the connection end to the free end.

In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising a reference ground and at least one antenna module, at least some components of the antenna module are electrically connected to the reference ground, and the antenna module comprises:

A first signal source, the first signal source is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal; and

An excitation unit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first signal source, and the other end of which is used for directly electrically connecting or coupling electrically connecting to an antenna radiator, and for exciting the antenna radiator and the reference floor in an extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports a satellite communication frequency band; a main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator, a main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor, and a main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is a width direction of the reference floor.

An electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application comprises an antenna radiator including a connecting end and a free end, the connecting end of the antenna radiator being electrically connected to a first signal source, the antenna radiator having an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where a reference floor is located in the retracted state is less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the extended state is greater than or equal to a second preset angle; the first signal source excites the antenna radiator and the reference floor in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports a satellite communication frequency band; the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator, the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor, and the main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is the width direction of the reference floor, so that the antenna radiator can be used as a satellite communication antenna in the extended state, the signal is good when the handheld electronic device is placed next to the ear for satellite calls, and the electronic device is easy to carry in the retracted state.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structural breakdown of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a back view of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiator on a protective shell provided by an embodiment of the present application in a stored state;

FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiator on a protective shell provided by an embodiment of the present application in an extended state;

6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of capacitive coupling feeding between the connection end of the antenna radiator and the excitation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a connection end of an antenna radiator and an excitation unit are directly fed with power provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of FIG6;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a direct electrical connection between the connection end of the antenna radiator and the excitation unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device including a second antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application further including a second signal source and a switch unit;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

FIG13 is an S parameter corresponding to the antenna assembly provided in FIG6;

FIG14a is a schematic diagram of the resonant current distribution at a phase of 0° of the target resonant mode corresponding to the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 ;

FIG14b is a schematic diagram of the resonant current distribution at a 90° phase of the target resonant mode corresponding to the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 ;

FIG15 is a left-hand circular polarization gain 3D pattern of the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6;

FIG16 is a 2D diagram of the axial ratio of the left-hand circular polarization of the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6;

FIG17 is a 2D graph of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6;

FIG18 is a model diagram of the electronic device with the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 in a head-hand scenario;

FIG19 is an S parameter curve of the electronic device with the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 in a head-hand scenario;

FIG20 is a 3D directional diagram of left-hand circular polarization gain of the electronic device with the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 in a head-hand scenario;

FIG21 is a 2D directional diagram of left-hand circular polarization gain of the electronic device with the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 in a head-hand scenario;

FIG22 is a schematic diagram of SAR hotspot distribution of the electronic device with the first antenna assembly provided in FIG6 in a head-hand scenario;

23 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a connection end of an antenna radiator and an excitation unit are directly fed with power provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG24 is a left-hand circular polarization pattern of the connection end of the antenna radiator provided in FIG23 and the direct feeding mode of the excitation unit;

FIG25 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application is located at different positions on the reference floor;

26a-26d are left-hand circular polarization gain diagrams of the antenna radiator provided by the embodiment of the present application, where the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator on the reference floor is located at different positions and is directly fed;

FIG. 27 is an S parameter of the connection end of the antenna radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, the orthographic projection of which is located on the reference floor at position 4 in FIG. 25 ;

FIG28 is a total field radiation pattern of the connection end of the antenna radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor located at position 4 in FIG25 ;

FIG29 is a 2D diagram of the axial ratio of left-hand circular polarization in which the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application on the reference floor is located at position 4 in FIG25 ;

Figure 30 is a 2D graph of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the antenna radiator provided by an embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator on the reference floor located at position 4 in Figure 25.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in the present application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Reference to "embodiments" in this application means that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative to other embodiments. It can be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example: a component or device including one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but optionally includes one or more parts that are not listed but inherent to the exemplified product, or one or more parts that it should have based on the described function.

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1000 includes but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a computer, a wearable device, a drone, a robot, a digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. The present application embodiment is described by taking a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a partial exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100, and the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is illustrated by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300 and a back cover 400 arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. Among them, the middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the side of the middle plate 310. The frame 320 may be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 are stacked in sequence, and a receiving space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as a mainboard 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery 700, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the back cover 400 to form a complete appearance structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are an integrated structure, and the frame 320 and the back cover 400 can be a separate structure. The above is the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 taking a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

Please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 323 that are arranged opposite to each other, and a first side edge 322 and a second side edge 324 that are connected to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 323. The top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 323 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The first side edge 322 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. Of course, the first side edge 322 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it. The second side edge 324 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a reference floor 500. Optionally, the reference floor 500 is disposed in the frame 320. The back cover 400 is opposite to the reference floor 500 and is spaced apart. The reference floor 500 is substantially rectangular in shape. The extension direction of the top edge 321 is the width direction of the reference floor 500. The extension direction of the first side edge 322 is the length direction of the reference floor 500. The edge of the reference floor 500 includes a first reference long side 510, a second reference long side 520, a first reference short side 530 and a second reference short side 540, wherein the first reference long side 510 is adjacent to the first side edge 322, spaced apart and arranged parallel or substantially parallel. The second reference long side 520 is adjacent to the second side edge 324, spaced apart and arranged parallel or substantially parallel. The first reference short side 530 is adjacent to the top edge 321, spaced apart and arranged parallel or substantially parallel. The second reference short side 540 is adjacent to the bottom edge 323, spaced apart and arranged parallel or substantially parallel.

Because devices are set up or other structures are avoided as needed in the mobile phone, various slots, holes, etc. are opened on the reference ground edge of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Generally speaking, the reference ground system in the antenna assembly 100 can be equivalent to a roughly rectangular shape, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is a plate and a rectangular plate.

The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

2 and 3 , the electronic device 1000 further includes at least one antenna assembly 100 . At least some components of the antenna assembly 100 are electrically connected to the reference ground 500 . Optionally, the matching circuit M of the antenna assembly 100 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500 .

Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the antenna assembly 100 includes an antenna radiator 10 and a first signal source 20 .

The present application does not specifically limit the material of the antenna radiator 10. Optionally, the material of the antenna radiator 10 is a conductive material, including but not limited to metal, alloy and other conductive materials. The present application does not specifically limit the shape of the antenna radiator 10. Optionally, the shape of the antenna radiator 10 includes but is not limited to a strip, a circle, an arc, a ring, etc. The present application embodiment takes the antenna radiator 10 as a strip as an example.

Referring to FIG. 3 , the antenna radiator 10 includes a connection end 11 and a free end 12. In other words, the two ends of the antenna radiator 10 are the connection end 11 and the free end 12. The connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is electrically connected to the first signal source 20, and the connection method includes but is not limited to direct electrical connection or indirect electrical connection. The free end 12 of the antenna radiator 10 is not electrically connected to other devices.

Referring to FIG. 4 , the antenna radiator 10 has a retracted state. When the antenna radiator 10 is in the retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is less than or equal to a first preset angle. Optionally, the first preset angle is 20°. When the antenna radiator 10 is in the retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is less than or equal to 20°, for example, 20°, 15°, 10°, 5°, 0°, etc.

Furthermore, when the antenna radiator 10 is in the stored state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is 0°, so that the antenna radiator 10 is nearly parallel to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located.

Optionally, the antenna radiator 10 may be disposed on the back cover 400. In this way, the antenna radiator 10 may be stored in the back cover 400 or fit with the back cover 400 in the stored state, so that the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 is relatively flat and easy to carry.

Optionally, the antenna radiator 10 can be disposed on the protective shell 800 of the electronic device 1000 and parallel to the back cover 400. In this way, the antenna radiator 10 can be stored in the protective shell 800 or fit with the protective shell 800 in the storage state, so that the overall appearance of the electronic device 1000 is relatively flat and easy to carry.

5 , the antenna radiator 10 is in an extended state. In the extended state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is greater than or equal to a second preset angle.

Optionally, the second preset angle is 45°. When the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is greater than or equal to 45°, such as 45°, 55°, 65°, 75°, 85°, 90°, etc.

Furthermore, when the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state, the angle between it and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located is 90°, so that the antenna radiator 10 is nearly perpendicular to and parallel to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located.

Optionally, the antenna radiator 10 may be disposed on the back cover 400. Further, the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the back cover 400. The free end 12 of the antenna radiator 10 is located on the side of the back cover 400 away from the reference floor 500 in the extended state. The antenna radiator 10 may be perpendicular to the back cover 400 in the extended state, so that the antenna radiator 10 is relatively far away from the reference floor 500 in the extended state, and the antenna radiator 10 has better clearance, thereby having better radiation efficiency.

Optionally, referring to FIG5 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a protective shell 800. The protective shell 800 is mounted on the back cover 400. The antenna radiator 10 may be disposed on the protective shell 800 of the electronic device 1000. Furthermore, the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the protective shell 800 of the electronic device 1000. The free end 12 of the antenna radiator 10 is located on the side of the protective shell 800 away from the back cover 400 in the extended state. The antenna radiator 10 may be perpendicular to the protective shell 800 in the extended state, so that the antenna radiator 10 is relatively far away from the reference floor 500 in the extended state, and the antenna radiator 10 has better clearance, and thus has better radiation efficiency.

Please refer to Figure 3, the first signal source 20 is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal. In the embodiment of the present application, the first signal source 20 is arranged on the mainboard 600. The first signal source 20 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. Optionally, the antenna assembly 100 also includes a matching circuit M, and the matching circuit M can be arranged on the mainboard 600. The matching circuit M is electrically connected between the first signal source 20 and the antenna radiator 10. The matching circuit M includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The matching circuit M helps the signal source to excite a target resonant mode on the antenna radiator 10 by adjusting the impedance matching between the signal source port and the antenna radiator 10 port. For ease of explanation, the port of the matching circuit M electrically connected to the antenna radiator 10 is a feeding port.

The first signal source 20 is used to excite the antenna radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode supporting a satellite communication frequency band.

Please refer to FIG. 6 , the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator 10 .

7 , the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor 500 . The main direction of the resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is the width direction of the reference floor 500 .

In other words, the target resonant mode forms a resonant current on the antenna radiator 10 and the reference floor 500, and the resonant current is mainly distributed on the antenna radiator 10 when the phase is 0° (that is, the resonant current on the antenna radiator 10 makes the main contribution to the radiation), and the resonant current is mainly distributed on the reference floor 500 when the phase is 90° (that is, the resonant current on the reference floor 500 makes the main contribution to the radiation).

Furthermore, the resonant current is also mainly distributed on the antenna radiator 10 at a phase of 180°, and its resonant current direction is opposite to that at a phase of 0°. The resonant current is mainly distributed on the reference floor 500 at a phase of 270°, and its resonant current direction is opposite to that at a phase of 270°. The resonant current of the above-mentioned target resonant mode on the antenna radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 forms a left-handed circularly polarized current or a right-handed circularly polarized current at different phases. The antenna assembly 100 is a circularly polarized antenna.

The circular polarization described in this application includes positive circular polarization and elliptical polarization. When the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, and the amplitude of the resonant current on the antenna radiator 10 at a 0° phase is equal to the amplitude of the resonant current on the reference floor 500 at a 90° phase, two orthogonal electric field components with a 90° phase difference and the same amplitude can be formed, thereby forming a circularly polarized wave.

It can be understood that the satellite communication band communicates through circularly polarized waves, and the antenna assembly 100 can form a circularly polarized current to form a circularly polarized wave to transmit the satellite communication band, which can effectively improve the transmission efficiency of satellite communication signals. The efficiency of the linearly polarized antenna supporting the transmission and reception of the satellite communication band is at least 3dB lower than that of the linearly polarized wave. The present application designs a circularly polarized antenna for transmitting and receiving satellite communication frequency bands in the electronic device 1000, so that satellite communication signals can be transmitted in the form of circularly polarized waves, which can improve efficiency more than transmitting satellite communication signals in the form of linearly polarized waves; in addition, since the antenna radiator 10 of the circularly polarized antenna has a large angle with the reference floor 500 in the extended state, for example, perpendicular to the reference floor 500, the clearance around the antenna radiator 10 is better, which can further improve the radiation efficiency and bandwidth, and has better performance in the satellite communication frequency band; moreover, the antenna radiator 10 can also be in a stored state. Fit with the back cover 400 or the protective case 800 of the electronic device 1000, thereby improving the portability of the electronic device 1000.

An electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application comprises an antenna radiator 10 including a connection end 11 and a free end 12, wherein the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is electrically connected to a first signal source 20, the antenna radiator 10 has an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located in the retracted state is less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the reference floor 500 is located in the extended state is greater than or equal to a second preset angle, and the first signal source 20 excites the antenna radiator 10 in the extended state and the free end 12. The reference floor 500 generates a target resonance mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band. The main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator 10. The main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor 500. The main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is the width direction of the reference floor 500. In this way, the antenna radiator 10 can be used as a satellite communication antenna in the extended state. When the handheld electronic device 1000 is placed next to the ear for satellite calls, the signal is good. In the stored state, the electronic device 1000 is easy to carry.

In the present application, the feeding method between the first signal source 20 and the antenna radiator 10 includes but is not limited to a direct feeding method or a coupled feeding method.

Optionally, referring to FIG. 3 , the antenna assembly 100 further includes an excitation unit 30. The excitation unit 30 is electrically connected to the feeding port of the first signal source 20 (the port on the side of the matching circuit M away from the first signal source 20). The excitation unit 30 is a conductive structure, specifically for realizing the electrical connection between the feeding port and the antenna radiator 10 on the back cover 400 or the protective shell 800. The excitation unit 30 includes but is not limited to a conductive sheet, a conductive layer, a conductive spring, a conductive wire, a conductive pin, etc.

When the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000 , the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is electrically connected to the excitation unit 30 .

When the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the protective shell 800 of the electronic device 1000, the excitation unit 30 is directly electrically connected or coupled to the connection end 11. The protective shell 800 of the electronic device 1000 is used to be assembled on the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000.

Optionally, please refer to FIG8 , the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is capacitively coupled and electrically connected to the excitation unit 30. For example, the excitation unit 30 is in the shape of a sheet and has a coupling area. The excitation unit 30 may be disposed on the inner surface, outer surface, or between the inner surface and the outer surface of the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000; or, disposed on a bracket in the electronic device 1000. The bracket is disposed between the mainboard 600 and the back cover 400. The connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is in the shape of a sheet, and corresponds to the excitation unit 30 and is disposed at intervals. The connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the protective shell 800. For another example, the excitation unit 30 is in the shape of a sheet and has a coupling area. The excitation unit 30 is disposed on a bracket in the electronic device 1000. The bracket is disposed between the mainboard 600 and the back cover 400. The connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is in the shape of a sheet, and corresponds to the excitation unit 30 and is disposed at intervals. The connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the back cover 400 .

Optionally, please refer to FIG9 , the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is directly electrically connected to the excitation unit 30. For example, the excitation unit 30 is embedded in the back cover 400, for example, the excitation unit 30 has a conductive contact exposed on the outer surface of the back cover 400. The antenna radiator 10 is disposed on the protective shell 800, and the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 includes but is not limited to an elastic ejector pin, which is electrically connected to the conductive contact exposed on the outer surface of the back cover 400 of the excitation unit 30. For another example, the excitation unit 30 is a conductive spring disposed on the mainboard 600, and the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is a conductive portion embedded in the back cover 400.

It can be understood that the antenna radiator 10 is a main body 13 except for the connection end 11 , and the main body 13 of the antenna radiator 10 is rotatably connected to the connection end 11 .

Please refer to FIG6 and FIG7 , the protective case 800 further includes a support frame 810, and the support frame 810 is used to support the electronic device 1000 in an extended state, and at least a portion of the antenna radiator 10 serves as the support frame 810, or is disposed in the support frame 810. In this embodiment, the main body 13 of the antenna radiator 10 can be reused as the support frame 810 disposed on the desktop for stably placing the electronic device 1000, and the main body 13 of the antenna radiator 10 supports the electronic device 1000 in an extended state, so that the operator can view the display screen of the electronic device 1000.

Optionally, the number of antenna assemblies 100 in the present application includes but is not limited to one, two, etc. When the number of antenna assemblies 100 is one, the antenna assembly 100 may be a left-hand circularly polarized antenna or a right-hand circularly polarized antenna. When the number of antenna assemblies 100 is two, the two antenna assemblies 100 may be a left-hand circularly polarized antenna and a right-hand circularly polarized antenna, respectively.

For example, referring to FIG. 6 , at least one of the antenna components 100 includes a first antenna component 100 a .

The edge of the reference floor 500 includes a first reference long side 510 and a second reference long side 520 that are oppositely disposed. Optionally, the first reference long side 510 is opposite to and spaced from the first side 322. The second reference long side 520 is opposite to and spaced from the second side 324.

6 , the reference floor 500 further has a central axis L1 parallel to the first reference long side 510. Optionally, the first reference long side 510 and the second reference long side 520 extend along the Y-axis direction, which is also the length direction of the reference floor 500. The central axis L1 is the central axis L1 along the Y-axis direction.

Optionally, referring to Fig. 6, the orthographic projection of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a on the reference floor 500 is located between the central axis L1 and the first reference long side 510. Further, the position on the reference floor 500 where the antenna radiator 10 is electrically connected is located between the central axis L1 of the reference floor 500 and the first reference long side 510, so as to form a left-handed circularly polarized wave or a right-handed circularly polarized wave.

Specifically, referring to FIG6 , when the first reference long side 510 is located on the left side of the reference floor 500 (with the side facing the back cover 400, i.e., the side away from the display screen as a reference), the target resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 forms a left-hand circularly polarized wave, which can be applied to receiving and transmitting the Tiantong satellite frequency band and transmitting the Beidou satellite frequency band. The left-hand circularly polarized wave will be described in detail later.

Specifically, when the first reference long side 510 is located on the right side of the reference floor 500 (with the side facing the back cover 400, i.e., the side away from the display screen as a reference), the target resonance mode of the antenna assembly 100 forms a right-hand circularly polarized wave, which can be applied to receive the Beidou satellite frequency band. The right-hand circularly polarized wave will be described in detail later.

Optionally, referring to Fig. 6, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 0° is from the connection end 11 to the free end 12. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 0° is the +Z direction.

7 , the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is from the second reference long side 520 to the grounding position where the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) is electrically connected to the reference floor 500. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is the +X direction.

The direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 180° is from the free end 12 to the connection end 11. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 180° is the -Z direction.

The direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 270° is from the grounding position where the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) is electrically connected to the reference floor 500 to the second reference long side 520. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 270° is the -X direction.

The above forms a left-handed current, and then transmits and receives the satellite communication frequency band in the form of left-handed circularly polarized waves. At this time, the satellite communication frequency band can cover the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band, 1980-2200MHz. Since the Tiantong satellite communication frequency band is mainly transmitted through left-handed circularly polarized waves, the antenna assembly 100 provided in this application has higher efficiency and better bandwidth when working in the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

Optionally, the target resonance mode forms a resonance current of a 1/2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band on the antenna radiator 10 at a phase of 0°.

Specifically, the electrical length of the antenna radiator 10 is close to or equal to 1/2 wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band, so as to stimulate the formation of a resonant current in a 1/2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band on the antenna radiator 10. The term "close to" herein means floating up and down by 1/10 wavelength.

The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

Where L is the physical length, a is the transmission time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the transmission time in a free scene.

The antenna form of the antenna radiator 10 is a dipole antenna form, and the 1/2 wavelength mode is the fundamental mode of the dipole antenna, which has a relatively high efficiency, so as to ensure that the satellite communication frequency band supported by the target resonance mode has a relatively high efficiency.

Optionally, the target resonance mode forms a resonance current of a 1/8 to 1/2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band on the reference floor 500 at a phase of 90°.

Specifically, the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) electrically connects the grounding position of the reference floor 500 and the edge of the reference floor 500 with an electrical length in the width direction close to or equal to 1/8 to 1/2 wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band, so as to stimulate the formation of a resonant current on the antenna radiator 10 in a 1/8 to 1/2 wavelength mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band.

Optionally, the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) is electrically connected to the grounding position of the reference floor 500 close to the first reference long side 510, and the dimension in the width direction of the reference floor 500 is close to 1/2 wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band, that is, the first antenna component 100a forms two orthogonal 1/2 wavelength modes at a phase of 0° and a phase of 90°.

Optionally, the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the first antenna component 100a is approximately between 1/8 and 3/8 of the wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band. The first reference short side 530 of the reference floor 500 is an edge adjacent to and close to the top edge 321 of the frame. If the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the first antenna component 100a is too small, the resonant current formed on the reference floor 500 is mainly a longitudinal current (for example, flowing from the first reference short edge 530 to the second reference short edge 540), which in turn causes the radiation pattern of the first antenna component 100a to be toward the side where the bottom edge 323 is located. At this time, the upper hemisphere of the first antenna component 100a accounts for a very small proportion, and when the top edge 321 is facing upward, it is basically impossible to transmit and receive the satellite communication frequency band. If the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a is too large, the antenna radiator 10 occupies the vertical screen handheld area in the extended state, which is inconvenient for the operator to hold the electronic device 1000 in the vertical screen. The distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a is about 1/8 to 3/8 of the wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band, so as to facilitate a stronger transverse current mode on the reference floor 500 at a phase of 90°.

Optionally, the first antenna component 100a forms a left-hand circularly polarized antenna in the target resonance mode. Specifically, the grounding position of the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) electrically connected to the reference floor 500 is close to the left side of the reference floor 500 (with the side facing the back cover 400 as a reference). According to the left-hand rule, the energy flow direction is directed to the side where the top edge 321 of the frame is located, which is also the direction of the upper hemisphere with the geometric center of the electronic device 1000 as the center of the sphere.

In addition, the main lobe direction of the left-hand circularly polarized antenna is located between the direction of the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000 toward the outside (+Z direction) and the direction of the bottom edge 323 of the frame of the electronic device 1000 toward the top edge 321 (+Y direction). The extension direction of the top edge 321 is the width direction of the reference floor 500.

In this way, the directivity pattern of the left-hand circularly polarized antenna mainly radiates toward the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000, with a higher upper hemisphere radiation ratio, so as to establish a direct communication connection with the satellite equipment in the sky, thereby improving communication efficiency.

Optionally, the angle covered by the directional pattern of the first antenna component 100a in the target resonance mode in the direction around the central axis L1 is greater than 150°. In this way, the directional pattern of the first antenna component 100a in the target resonance mode shows good gain in a large angle range in the direction around the central axis L1, and the peak value can reach 0.7dBi (but not limited to this data), so that after the electronic device 1000 is connected to the satellite device, the orientation of the electronic device 1000 can be changed, and the direction of the electronic device 1000 can also be changed, thereby improving the communication stability of the electronic device 1000 in the satellite communication frequency band.

Generally, since the human head is a medium loading for the first antenna assembly 100a, the radiation efficiency of the electronic device 1000 in the head-hand scenario is an important parameter for the electronic device 1000 to perform satellite communication. The head-hand scenario is a call mode in which the operator holds the electronic device 1000 near the head. In this scenario, the general satellite antenna is located close to the head and is easily affected by the head medium loading, resulting in detuning (frequency deviation), serious reduction in efficiency, or failure to send and receive satellite signals.

In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna radiator 10 is arranged outside the back cover 400 in the extended state, and is separated from the human head by the reference floor 500, so it is less affected by the dielectric loading of the human head. The main lobe direction of the directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 when operating in the satellite communication frequency band in the head-hand scenario is the direction where the first reference long side 510 is biased toward the side where the top edge 321 of the frame of the electronic device 1000 is located, that is, the top direction, so as to facilitate the electronic device 1000 to establish good communication with the satellite device in the sky.

In addition, because a general satellite antenna is close to a human head in a head-hand scenario, it has a risk of exceeding SAR (human specific absorption rate). However, the antenna radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is arranged outside the back cover 400 in an extended state and is separated from the human head by a reference floor 500, thereby reducing the risk of exceeding SAR.

Optionally, the SAR value of the first antenna assembly 100a is less than 4 W/kg when operating in the satellite communication frequency band at an input power of 36 dBm, so it has a lower SAR value. Compared with the SAR value of a general satellite antenna operating in the satellite communication frequency band at an input power of 36 dBm, which is 20 to 30 W/kg, the over-SAR risk of the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is greatly reduced.

10 , the at least one antenna assembly 100 further includes a second antenna assembly 100 b . The orthographic projection of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 of the second antenna assembly 100 b on the reference floor 500 is located between the central axis L1 and the second reference long side 520 .

For example, the second reference long side 520 is the right side of the reference floor 500 (the right-hand side with the side facing the back cover 400 as the reference side of the operator). The position where the matching circuit M of the second antenna component 100b is electrically connected to the reference floor 500 is located between the central axis L1 and the second reference long side 520. The structure of the second antenna component 100b is the same as that of the first antenna component 100a, wherein the second antenna component 100b and the first antenna component 100a are respectively arranged on both sides of the central axis L1 of the reference floor 500 along the Y-axis direction. Among them, the first antenna component 100a (the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state) is a left-hand circularly polarized antenna, and the second antenna component 100b (the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state) is a right-hand circularly polarized antenna.

It should be noted that, because the structure of the second antenna component 100b is the same as that of the first antenna component 100a, both are antenna components 100, so the second antenna component 100b also includes a first signal source 20 and an antenna radiator 10. The antenna radiator 10 also includes a connecting end 11 and a free end 12. The second antenna component 100b also forms a target resonant mode.

When used, the first antenna assembly 100a can be used alone to transmit and receive the Tiantong satellite frequency band. When used, the first antenna assembly 100a can also be used to transmit the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second antenna assembly 100b is used to receive the Beidou satellite frequency band.

The first antenna assembly 100a forms a target resonance mode, and correspondingly, the second antenna assembly 100b forms a target resonance mode.

The direction of the main resonant current of the second antenna component 100b at a 0° phase in the target resonant mode is from the connection end 11 to the free end 12. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a 0° phase is the +Z direction.

The direction of the main resonant current of the second antenna component 100b when the target resonant mode is at a phase of 90° is from the first reference long side 510 to the grounding position where the second antenna component 100b is electrically connected to the reference floor 500. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode when the phase is 90° is -X direction.

The direction of the main resonant current of the second antenna component 100b when the target resonant mode is at a phase of 180° is from the free end 12 to the connection end 11. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode when the phase is 180° is -Z direction.

The direction of the main resonant current of the second antenna component 100b when the target resonant mode is at a phase of 270° is from the grounding position where the first antenna component 100a (matching circuit M) is electrically connected to the reference floor 500 to the first reference long side 510. For example, when the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the plane where the reference floor 500 is located, the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode when the phase is 270° is the +X direction.

The above forms a right-handed current, and then receives the Beidou satellite communication band in the form of a right-handed circularly polarized wave. Since the receiving band of the Beidou satellite communication band is mainly transmitted through right-handed circularly polarized waves, the second antenna assembly 100b provided by the present application has a higher efficiency and a better bandwidth when working in the receiving band of the Beidou satellite communication band.

Optionally, the target resonance mode of the second antenna component 100b forms a resonance current supporting a 1/2 wavelength mode of the satellite communication frequency band on the antenna radiator 10 at a phase of 0°. Optionally, the target resonance mode of the second antenna component 100b forms a resonance current supporting a 1/8 to 1/2 wavelength mode of the satellite communication frequency band on the reference floor 500 at a phase of 90°.

Optionally, the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the second antenna component 100b is approximately between 1/8 and 3/8 of the wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band. The first reference short side 530 of the reference floor 500 is an edge adjacent to and close to the top edge 321 of the frame. If the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the second antenna component 100b is too small, the resonant current formed on the reference floor 500 is mainly a longitudinal current (for example, flowing from the first reference short side 530 to the second reference short side 540), which in turn causes the direction diagram of the second antenna component 100b to be toward the side where the bottom edge 323 is located. At this time, the upper hemisphere of the second antenna component 100b accounts for a very small proportion, and it is basically impossible to receive and transmit the satellite communication frequency band when the top edge 321 is facing upward. If the distance between the connection end 11 and the top edge 321 of the antenna radiator 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b is too large, the antenna radiator 10 will occupy the vertical handheld area when extended, which is inconvenient for the operator to hold the electronic device 1000 in vertical mode.

The second antenna assembly 100b forms a right-hand circularly polarized antenna in the target resonance mode. The main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the right-hand circularly polarized antenna is located between the direction of the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000 toward the outside and the direction of the bottom edge 323 of the frame of the electronic device 1000 toward the top edge 321. The extension direction of the top edge 321 is the width direction of the reference floor 500.

Specifically, the second antenna component 100b (matching circuit M) is electrically connected to the grounding position of the reference floor 500 close to the right side edge of the reference floor 500 (with the side facing the back cover 400 as a reference). According to the right-hand rule, the energy flow direction is directed to the side where the top edge 321 of the frame is located, which is also the direction of the upper hemisphere with the geometric center of the electronic device 1000 as the center of the sphere.

In addition, the main lobe direction of the right-hand circularly polarized antenna is located between the direction of the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000 toward the outside (+Z direction) and the direction of the bottom edge 323 of the frame of the electronic device 1000 toward the top edge 321 (+Y direction). The extension direction of the top edge 321 is the width direction of the reference floor 500.

In this way, the directivity pattern of the right-hand circularly polarized antenna mainly radiates toward the upper hemisphere of the electronic device 1000, with a higher upper hemisphere radiation ratio, so as to establish a direct communication connection with the satellite equipment in the sky, thereby improving communication efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 11 , the electronic device 1000 further includes a second signal source 40 and a switch unit 50. The switch unit 50 is electrically connected to the first signal source 20, the second signal source 40 and the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10. The second signal source 40 is used to provide a mobile communication excitation signal. The mobile communication excitation signal includes but is not limited to 4G and 5G mobile communication signals.

Please refer to Figure 11. The switch unit 50 is configured to connect the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the first signal source 20 when the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state. In this way, the antenna radiator 10 serves as a radiator of a satellite communication antenna in the extended state.

Referring to Fig. 11, the switch unit 50 is further configured to conduct the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the second signal source 40 when the antenna radiator 10 is in the storage state, so that the antenna radiator 10 serves as a radiator of a cellular mobile communication antenna in the storage state. The above implementation makes the antenna radiator 10 have good practicality in both the extended state and the storage state, thereby increasing the utilization rate of the antenna radiator 10.

Please refer to Figures 4 and 5. The present application also provides a protective shell 800, which is used to be assembled on the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000. The protective shell 800 includes a shell body 820 and at least one antenna radiator 10. The antenna radiator 10 includes a connecting end 11 and a free end 12 (combined with reference to Figure 3). The connecting end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 is used to electrically connect to the first signal source 20. The antenna radiator 10 has an extended state and a stored state. When the antenna radiator 10 is in the stored state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the shell body 820 is located is less than or equal to the first preset angle. When the antenna radiator 10 is in the extended state, the angle between the antenna radiator 10 and the plane where the shell body 820 is located is greater than or equal to the second preset angle.

The antenna radiator 10 is used to distribute the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band under the excitation of the first signal source 20. The current direction of the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode is from the connection end 11 to the free end 12.

In the present application, the structure and function of the antenna radiator 10 are the same as those of the antenna radiator 10 in the aforementioned embodiment.

An embodiment of the present application provides a protective shell 800 having an antenna radiator 10. The antenna radiator 10 in the protective shell 800 can be used as a satellite antenna and has good satellite communication performance.

4 and 5 , the protective case 800 further includes a support frame 810. The support frame 810 is used to support the electronic device 1000 in an extended state. At least a portion of the antenna radiator 10 serves as the support frame 810 or is disposed in the support frame 810.

An embodiment of the present application provides a protective shell 800 that reuses a support frame 810 as an antenna radiator 10. Since the support frame 810 also has an extended state and a stored state, the antenna radiator 10 can perform satellite communication when in the extended state, thereby realizing the reuse of the support frame 810, increasing the antenna clearance and improving efficiency.

Please refer to FIG. 12 . The present application also provides an electronic device 1000, which includes a reference floor 500 and at least one antenna module 900. At least some components (matching circuit M) of the antenna module 900 are electrically connected to the reference floor 500. The antenna module 900 includes a first signal source 20 and an excitation unit 30. The electronic device 1000 provided in this embodiment cooperates with the protective shell 800 provided in the above embodiment to form a complete antenna assembly 100. The first signal source 20 in this embodiment has the same structure and function as the aforementioned first signal source 20. The first signal source 20 is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal. The excitation unit 30 in this embodiment has the same structure and function as the aforementioned excitation unit 30. One end of the excitation unit 30 is electrically connected to the first signal source 20, and the other end of the excitation unit 30 is used to directly electrically connect or couple the antenna radiator 10, so as to excite the antenna radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band. The main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a 0° phase is distributed on the antenna radiator 10. The main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a 90° phase is distributed on the reference floor 500. The main direction of the resonant current of the target resonant mode at a 90° phase is the width direction of the reference floor 500. The antenna module 900 and the antenna radiator 10 form the aforementioned antenna assembly 100.

The excitation unit 30 is disposed on a bracket in the electronic device 1000; or, the excitation unit 30 is disposed on a back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000. The implementation of the position of the excitation unit 30 provided in this embodiment is the same as the implementation of the position of the excitation unit 30 described above.

The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application, by arranging the antenna module 900 and the excitation unit 30 in the electronic device 1000, and combining with the above-mentioned protective shell 800, arranging the antenna radiator 10 in the protective shell 800, can form a satellite communication antenna assembly 100 with better clearance, and has a higher upper hemisphere occupancy and a lower SAR risk.

Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capacitive coupling feeding between the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the excitation unit 30 provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna radiator 10 is arranged on the protective shell 800 (combined with reference to Figure 5). The antenna radiator 10 is similar to a suspended metal strip added to the electronic device 1000. The main body 13 of the antenna radiator 10 is perpendicular to the back cover 400 of the electronic device 1000 when in the extended state. The electrical length of the antenna radiator 10 is approximately half the wavelength of the center frequency of the satellite communication frequency band.

Please refer to FIG8 , which is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of FIG6 . The excitation unit 30 excites the antenna radiator 10 through capacitive coupling, and controls the coupling amount through the width and spacing of the coupling surface. In this embodiment, the size of the coupling area and the coupling spacing between the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the excitation unit 30 can be considered according to the actual thickness of the electronic device 1000 and different processes. For example, the coupling spacing between the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the excitation unit 30 is 0.5 mm (this data is an example, but not limited to this data), and the coupling area is 5*6 mm (this data is an example, but not limited to this data). The excitation unit 30 is arranged on the internal bracket of the electronic device 1000, and the specific form of the excitation unit 30 includes but is not limited to a conductive layer formed on a flexible printed circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit board, FPC), a conductive layer formed by laser direct structuring (Laser Direct Structuring, LDS), a conductive layer formed by printing direct structuring (Print Direct Structuring, PDS), a conductive sheet, etc. The antenna radiator 10 is arranged in the protective shell 800. Generally, there is a support frame 810 in the protective shell 800, and the antenna radiator 10 can be made on the support frame 810 and can be stored in the protective shell 800 when not in use.

Please refer to Fig. 13, which is the S parameter corresponding to the antenna assembly 100 provided in Fig. 6. As can be seen from Fig. 13, the antenna assembly 100 can cover the transceiver frequency band of the Tiantong satellite (1980-2200MHz) and has a good bandwidth in the transceiver frequency band of the Tiantong satellite.

Please refer to FIG. 14a and FIG. 14b. FIG. 14a is a schematic diagram of the resonant current distribution of the target resonant mode corresponding to the first antenna component 100a provided in FIG. 6 at a phase of 0°. FIG. 14b is a schematic diagram of the resonant current distribution of the target resonant mode corresponding to the first antenna component 100a provided in FIG. 6 at a phase of 90°. When the first antenna component 100a operates in the satellite communication frequency band, when the phase φ=0°, the current is mainly on the antenna radiator 10 (-Y direction), and when the phase φ=90°, the current is mainly on the reference floor 500 and forms a current in the -X direction. These two currents are orthogonal, so they will form left-hand circular polarization upward (+Z direction).

Please refer to FIG. 15, which is a 3D directional diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the first antenna assembly 100a provided in FIG. 6. Theta (0-90°) is the upper hemisphere, phi (0-180°) is the screen direction, and phi (180-360°) is the direction of the back cover 400. As can be seen from the figure, the main lobe of the left-hand circular polarization directional diagram of the first antenna assembly 100a is facing upward (the side where the top edge 321 of the electronic device 1000 is located), so as to have a higher upper hemisphere share, thereby communicating with the satellite equipment above.

Please refer to Fig. 16, which is a 2D diagram of the axial ratio of the left-hand circular polarization of the first antenna assembly 100a provided in Fig. 6. It can be seen that the axial ratio in theta (0-90°) and phi (240°-300°) directions has a minimum value and is left-hand circular polarization.

Please refer to FIG. 17, which is a 2D diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the first antenna assembly 100a provided in FIG. 6. In theta (0-90°) and phi (210°-360°) directions, a good gain appears in a large angle range, with a peak value of 0.7 dBi. This indicates that the first antenna assembly 100a has a good beam width and a large coverage range when working in the satellite communication frequency band, and has good communication performance in different directions.

Please refer to Fig. 18, which is a model diagram of the electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a provided in Fig. 6 in a head-hand scene. The handheld electronic device 1000 is placed next to the ear for a call, and the position of the antenna radiator 10 in the extended state can avoid the human hand.

Please refer to Figure 19, which is an S parameter curve of the electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a in the head-hand scenario provided in Figure 6. As can be seen from the figure, since the main energy is concentrated on the antenna radiator 10, and the antenna radiator 10 is separated from the head by a reference floor 500, the dielectric loading of the head has little effect on the frequency deviation of the first antenna assembly 100a, and no detuning will occur. The electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a can still support the satellite communication frequency band in the head-hand scenario.

Please refer to Figure 20, which is a 3D directional diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a in the head-hand scene provided in Figure 6. It can be seen from the figure that there is a good gain in the direction of the top of the head, and the peak gain can reach -2.3dBi (greater than -10dBi). At this time, there is a good left-hand circular polarization gain in the direction of the top of the head, which meets the directional requirements of the satellite antenna for the left-hand circular polarization gain, and has a good beam width, a large coverage range, and good communication performance in different directions.

Please refer to Figure 21, which is a 2D directional diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a in the head-hand scene provided in Figure 6. The peak value of the left-hand circular polarization gain in the head-hand scene is -2.8dBi, which is much greater than -10dBi.

Please refer to Figure 22, which is a schematic diagram of the SAR hotspot distribution of the electronic device 1000 with the first antenna assembly 100a in the head-hand scene provided in Figure 6. It can be seen from the figure that since the reference floor 500 is separated from the head by the antenna radiator 10 and most of the energy is on the antenna radiator 10, the first antenna assembly 100a has a lower SAR value when working in the satellite communication frequency band. When the input power of the first signal source 20 is 36dBm and the SAR value under the condition of 100% duty cycle input is about 3W/kg, which is much smaller than the reference SAR value of 20-30W/kg, and there is no risk of over-SAR.

Please refer to FIG. 23, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application and the direct feeding of the excitation unit 30. The excitation unit 30 reserves a contact point for feeding on the back cover 400, and the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 includes but is not limited to an antenna shrapnel, which contacts and is electrically connected to the contact point on the back cover 400, and the excitation unit 30 directly feeds the antenna radiator 10. The direct feeding method of the antenna radiator 10 can better excite the antenna radiator 10 on the protective shell 800 than the coupled feeding method of the antenna radiator 10.

Please refer to Figure 24, which is a left-hand circular polarization pattern of the direct feeding mode between the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the excitation unit 30 provided in Figure 23. It can be seen that the main lobe direction of the left-hand circular polarization pattern of the direct feeding mode between the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 and the excitation unit 30 is upward (the side where the top edge 321 of the electronic device 1000 is located), and the gain is further improved compared with the coupled feeding mode.

Please refer to Figure 25, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection located at different positions on the reference floor 500. Considering the camera decoration, the layout of the RF chip and the position of the battery 700, the optional positions of the orthographic projection of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 formed by the upturned support frame 810 of the protective shell 800 on the reference floor 500 can be roughly divided into 4 situations in the figure.

Please refer to Figures 26a-26d, which are left-hand circular polarization gain diagrams of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor 500 located at different positions and directly fed. Position 1 in the figure is too close to the top edge 321 (the distance from the top edge 321 is less than 1/8 wavelength of the center frequency of the Tiantong communication frequency band), resulting in the resonant current mode on the reference floor 500 being mainly in a longitudinal mode, thereby forming a directional diagram toward the bottom edge 323, with a low proportion in the upper hemisphere. The distance between positions 2, 3, and 4 and the top edge 321 is greater than 1/8 wavelength of the center frequency of the Tiantong communication frequency band, which can excite the current mode on the reference floor 500 to be mainly a transverse current mode, thereby forming a directional diagram pointing upward (on the side where the top edge 321 is located) and avoiding the area where the hand is held.

Since a camera needs to be arranged in the camera decoration, it is considered that the orthographic projection of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 on the reference floor 500 can be located at the lower left corner of the camera decoration.

Please refer to Figure 27, which is an S parameter of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor 500 located at position 4 in Figure 25. It can be seen from Figure 27 that the antenna assembly 100 can cover the transceiver frequency band of the Tiantong satellite (1980-2200MHz) and has a good bandwidth in the transceiver frequency band of the Tiantong satellite.

Please refer to Figure 28, which is a total field radiation pattern of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor 500 located at position 4 in Figure 25. Among them, theta (0-90°) is the upper hemisphere, phi (0-180°) is the screen direction, and phi (180-360°) is the direction of the back cover 400. As can be seen from the figure, the main lobe of the left-hand circular polarization pattern of the first antenna assembly 100a is facing upward (the side where the top edge 321 of the electronic device 1000 is located), so as to have a higher upper hemisphere share, thereby communicating with satellite equipment in the sky.

Please refer to Figure 29, which is a 2D diagram of the axial ratio of the left-hand circular polarization of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor 500 located at position 4 in Figure 25. It can be seen that the top shows good circular polarization performance (axial ratio below 10dB), wherein the axial ratio in theta (0-90°) and phi (240°-300°) directions has a minimum value, and is left-hand circular polarization.

Please refer to FIG. 30, which is a 2D diagram of the left-hand circular polarization gain of the connection end 11 of the antenna radiator 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the orthographic projection on the reference floor 500 located at position 4 in FIG. 25. Among them, in theta (0-90°) and phi (180°-360°) directions, good gain appears in a large angle range, with a peak value of 1.65dBi. This indicates that the antenna assembly 100 has a good beam width when working in the satellite communication frequency band, a large coverage range, and good communication performance in different directions.

The electronic device 1000 and protective case 800 provided in the embodiment of the present application form a good efficiency bandwidth by adding an antenna radiator 10 to the protective case 800 through coupling excitation or direct excitation; by setting the antenna radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to form two orthogonal currents with a phase difference of 90° and similar amplitude, an upward left-hand circular polarization is formed to facilitate good satellite communication. In addition, since the antenna radiator 10 is extended toward the side of the back cover 400 in the extended state, the position of the antenna radiator 10 avoids the human hand, and the head and hand will not be detuned; in the head-hand call scenario, the main lobe of the directional diagram is upward, the wider beam has good satellite communication performance, and can achieve 360-degree rotation without interrupting satellite communication; it also has a lower SAR and less power backoff.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims (20)

1. An electronic device, comprising a reference ground and at least one antenna assembly, wherein at least some components of the antenna assembly are electrically connected to the reference ground, and the antenna assembly comprises: A first signal source, the first signal source is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal; and an antenna radiator, the antenna radiator comprising a connection end and a free end, the connection end of the antenna radiator being electrically connected to the first signal source, the antenna radiator having an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the retracted state being less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the reference floor is located in the extended state being greater than or equal to a second preset angle; The first signal source excites the antenna radiator and the reference floor in the extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports the satellite communication frequency band; the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator, and the main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor, and the main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is the width direction of the reference floor. 2. The electronic device as described in claim 1 is characterized in that at least one of the antenna components includes a first antenna component, the edge of the reference floor includes a first reference long side and a second reference long side that are relatively arranged, the reference floor also has a central axis parallel to the first reference long side, and the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator of the first antenna component on the reference floor is located between the central axis and the first reference long side. 3. The electronic device as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 0° is from the connection end to the free end, and the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is from the second reference long side to the grounding position where the first antenna component is electrically connected to the reference floor. 4. The electronic device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the satellite communication frequency band covers 1980-2200 MHz. 5. The electronic device as described in claim 1 is characterized in that the target resonance mode forms a resonance current of a 1/2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band on the antenna radiator when the phase is 0°, and the target resonance mode forms a resonance current of a 1/8 to 1/2 wavelength mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band on the reference floor when the phase is 90°. 6. The electronic device as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the first antenna component forms a left-handed circularly polarized antenna in the target resonance mode, and the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the left-handed circularly polarized antenna is located between the direction of the back cover of the electronic device toward the outside and the direction of the bottom edge of the frame of the electronic device toward the top edge, and the extension direction of the top edge is the width direction of the reference floor. 7 . The electronic device according to claim 2 , wherein a directional pattern of the first antenna assembly in the target resonance mode covers an angle greater than 150° in a direction around the central axis. 8. The electronic device as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the electronic device when operating in the satellite communication frequency band in a head-hand scenario is the direction in which the first reference long side is biased toward the side where the top edge of the frame of the electronic device is located. 9. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein the SAR value of the first antenna assembly is less than 4 W/kg when operating in the satellite communication frequency band at an input power of 36 dBm. 10. The electronic device as described in claim 2 is characterized in that the at least one antenna component also includes a second antenna component, and the orthographic projection of the connection end of the antenna radiator of the second antenna component on the reference floor is located between the central axis and the second reference long side. 11. The electronic device as described in claim 10 is characterized in that the direction of the main resonant current of the second antenna component in the target resonant mode at a phase of 0° is from the connection end to the free end, and the direction of the main resonant current of the target resonant mode at a phase of 90° is from the first reference long side to the grounding position where the second antenna component is electrically connected to the reference floor. 12. The electronic device as described in claim 11 is characterized in that the second antenna component forms a right-hand circularly polarized antenna in the target resonance mode, and the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the right-hand circularly polarized antenna is located between the direction of the back cover of the electronic device toward the outside and the direction of the bottom edge of the frame of the electronic device toward the top edge, and the extension direction of the top edge is the width direction of the reference floor. 13. An electronic device as described in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the electronic device also includes a second signal source and a switch unit, the switch unit electrically connects the first signal source, the second signal source and the connection end of the antenna radiator, the second signal source is used to provide a mobile communication excitation signal, the switch unit is configured to connect the connection end of the antenna radiator with the first signal source when the antenna radiator is in the extended state, and the switch unit is also configured to connect the connection end of the antenna radiator with the second signal source when the antenna radiator is in the stored state. 14. An electronic device as described in any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that the electronic device includes a frame, the frame includes a top edge, the extension direction of the top edge is the width direction of the reference floor, and the distance between the connection end of the antenna radiator and the top edge is between 1/8 wavelength and 3/8 wavelength of the satellite communication frequency band. 15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a back cover, the back cover is opposite to the reference floor and is spaced apart from the reference floor, the connection end of the antenna radiator is arranged on the back cover, and the free end of the antenna radiator is located on a side of the back cover away from the reference floor in an extended state; Alternatively, the electronic device further includes a back cover and a protective shell, the protective shell is mounted on the back cover, the connection end of the antenna radiator is arranged on the protective shell of the electronic device, and the free end of the antenna radiator is located on the side of the protective shell away from the back cover in the extended state; the protective shell further includes a support frame, the support frame is used to support the electronic device in the extended state, at least part of the antenna radiator serves as the support frame, or is arranged in the support frame. 16. The electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna assembly further comprises an excitation unit, the excitation unit is disposed on a back cover of the electronic device or a bracket inside the electronic device, and the excitation unit is electrically connected to the signal source; When the antenna radiator is disposed on the back cover of the electronic device, the connection end of the antenna radiator is electrically connected to the excitation unit; When the antenna radiator is disposed on a protective shell of the electronic device, the excitation unit is directly electrically connected or coupled electrically connected to the connection end, wherein the protective shell of the electronic device is used to be assembled on a back cover of the electronic device. 17. A protective case, characterized in that the protective case is used to be assembled on the back cover of an electronic device, the protective case comprises a shell body and at least one antenna radiator, the antenna radiator comprises a connecting end and a free end, the connecting end of the antenna radiator is used to electrically connect to a first signal source, the antenna radiator has an extended state and a retracted state, the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the shell body is located in the retracted state is less than or equal to a first preset angle, and the angle between the antenna radiator and the plane where the shell body is located in the extended state is greater than or equal to a second preset angle; The antenna radiator is used to distribute the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode supporting the satellite communication frequency band under the excitation of the first signal source, and the current direction of the main resonant current of the 0° phase of the target resonant mode is from the connection end to the free end. 18. The protective case according to claim 17, characterized in that the protective case further comprises a support frame, the support frame is used to support the electronic device in an extended state, and at least a part of the antenna radiator serves as the support frame or is arranged in the support frame. 19. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises a reference ground and at least one antenna module, at least some components of the antenna module are electrically connected to the reference ground, and the antenna module comprises: A first signal source, the first signal source is used to provide a satellite communication excitation signal; and An excitation unit, one end of which is electrically connected to the first signal source, and the other end of which is used for directly electrically connecting or coupling electrically connecting to an antenna radiator, and for exciting the antenna radiator and the reference floor in an extended state to generate a target resonance mode that supports a satellite communication frequency band; a main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 0° is distributed on the antenna radiator, a main resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is distributed on the reference floor, and a main direction of the resonance current of the target resonance mode at a phase of 90° is a width direction of the reference floor. 20. The electronic device according to claim 19, wherein the excitation unit is disposed on a bracket inside the electronic device; or the excitation unit is disposed on a back cover of the electronic device.