CN118573156B - Pulse circuit, control method and vehicle - Google Patents
Pulse circuit, control method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN118573156B CN118573156B CN202411038243.4A CN202411038243A CN118573156B CN 118573156 B CN118573156 B CN 118573156B CN 202411038243 A CN202411038243 A CN 202411038243A CN 118573156 B CN118573156 B CN 118573156B
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- pulse
- storage device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/53—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback
- H03K3/57—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use of an energy-accumulating element discharged through the load by a switching device controlled by an external signal and not incorporating positive feedback the switching device being a semiconductor device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a pulse circuit, a control method and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of battery charging and discharging. The pulse circuit comprises a pre-charging module, a first switch circuit, an energy connecting end and a capacitive energy storage device. The energy storage device comprises a pre-charging module, an energy connecting end and a capacitive energy storage device, wherein the pre-charging module, the energy connecting end and the capacitive energy storage device are connected with each other, a first end of a first switch circuit is positioned between the energy connecting end and the capacitive energy storage device, a second end of the first switch circuit is connected with the pre-charging module, and pulse current is generated through on-off of the first switch circuit and the pre-charging module. The capacitive energy storage device is precharged by controlling on-off between the precharge module and the capacitive energy storage device. The self-heating pulse current for the battery pack is generated by controlling the on-off of the pre-charging module and the first switching circuit. Therefore, the integration of the pre-charging function and the self-heating function of the battery pack is realized, and hardware facilities such as additional components and parts are not required to be arranged, so that the integration level of the pulse circuit is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery charging and discharging, in particular to a pulse circuit, a control method and a vehicle.
Background
Currently, in the battery heating technology, a heating film is provided on the surface of a battery pack, and a voltage is applied to the heating film to raise the temperature, thereby transferring heat to the battery pack. In the precharge technology, a precharge circuit is generally formed by using a precharge contactor, a precharge resistor, a capacitor, a negative contactor and other devices before high voltage is applied to the battery pack, so that the capacitor is precharged with small current, and the circuit is prevented from being damaged by large current.
Although the battery self-heating and pre-charging technology can improve the charge and discharge performance of the battery pack, the implementation modes of the battery self-heating and pre-charging technology and the battery pack are completely different, and different hardware implementations are required to be set, so that the integration level of the pulse circuit is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a pulse circuit, a control method and a vehicle, which realize the integration of self-heating and pre-charging technologies of a battery pack, improve the integration level of the pulse circuit and at least partially solve the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a pulse circuit including a precharge module, a first switch circuit, an energy connection terminal, and a capacitive storage device;
the pre-charging module, the energy connecting end and the capacitive energy storage device are connected with each other;
The first end of the first switch circuit is positioned between the energy connecting end and the capacitive energy storage device, and the second end of the first switch circuit is connected with the pre-charging module;
Generating pulse current through the on-off of the first switch circuit and the pre-charging module; the energy connection terminal is suitable for inputting or outputting the energy of the pulse circuit.
Optionally, the pre-charging module includes a main switch circuit, a pre-charging circuit, and a second switch circuit;
after the precharge circuit and the second switch circuit are connected in parallel with the main switch circuit, the second end of the first switch circuit is positioned between the precharge circuit and the second switch circuit.
Optionally, the main switching circuit includes at least two transistors connected in series, and the conduction directions of the two transistors connected in series are opposite.
Optionally, the at least two transistors connected in series are a first transistor and a second transistor;
The first transistor comprises a control electrode connected with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the pre-charging circuit and the energy connecting end, and a second electrode connected with the second transistor;
The second transistor comprises a control electrode connected with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the capacitive energy storage device and the second switching circuit, and a second electrode connected with the first transistor.
Optionally, the main switch circuit includes at least two switches connected in parallel, and the conduction directions of the at least two switches connected in parallel are opposite.
Optionally, the at least two parallel switches comprise a first switch formed by at least one third transistor and at least one first unidirectional conduction device, and a second switch formed by at least one fourth transistor and at least one second unidirectional conduction device, wherein the conduction directions of the at least one third transistor and the at least one first unidirectional conduction device are the same, and the conduction directions of the at least one fourth transistor and the at least one second unidirectional conduction device are the same.
Optionally, the third transistor includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the energy connection terminal, the precharge circuit, and the fourth transistor, and a second electrode connected to the first terminal of the first unidirectional conductive device;
The fourth transistor comprises a control electrode connected with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the second end of the second unidirectional conduction device, and a second electrode connected with the energy connection end, the pre-charging circuit and the third transistor;
the second end of the first unidirectional conduction device is connected with the first end of the second unidirectional conduction device.
Optionally, the precharge circuit includes an inductive device and a first switching transistor;
The first switching transistor comprises a control electrode connected with an external controller, a first electrode connected with a first end of the inductance device and a second electrode connected with the energy connection end and the main switching circuit;
the second end of the inductance device is connected with the first switch circuit and the second switch circuit.
Optionally, the second switching circuit includes a second switching transistor;
The second switching transistor comprises a control electrode connected with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the second end of the inductance device and the first switching circuit, and a second electrode connected with the main switching circuit and the first end of the capacitive energy storage device.
Optionally, the first switching circuit includes a third switching transistor;
The third switching transistor includes a control electrode for connection with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the energy connection terminal and the second terminal of the capacitive storage device, and a second electrode connected with the second terminal of the inductive device and the second switching transistor.
Optionally, a contactor circuit is further included, the contactor circuit being connected in series between the energy connection terminal and the first switching circuit.
Optionally, the pre-charging module is disposed at a first end of the energy connection end, the contactor circuit includes a positive contactor, and the positive contactor is connected in series at a second end of the energy connection end, or the pre-charging module is disposed at a second end of the energy connection end, and the contactor circuit includes a negative contactor, and the negative contactor is connected in series at the first end of the energy connection end.
Optionally, the energy connection terminal is adapted to be connected to a battery pack, and the main switch circuit is adapted to be connected to a negative or positive electrode of the battery pack.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a pulse circuit control method for controlling the above pulse circuit, the method comprising:
the first switch circuit and the pre-charging module are controlled to be on-off, so that the pulse circuit generates pulse current.
Optionally, the capacitive energy storage device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the capacitive energy storage device when the second switching circuit is open.
Optionally, the capacitive storage device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the capacitive storage device when the second switch circuit is turned off, including generating a pulse or inputting energy to the capacitive storage device when the first switch circuit is turned on and the second switch circuit and the main switch circuit are turned off.
Optionally, when the first switch circuit is turned on and the second switch circuit and the main switch circuit are turned off, the capacitive energy storage device generates a pulse, or performs energy input to the capacitive energy storage device, including:
The capacitive energy storage device performs energy input under the condition that a body diode of the third switching transistor is conducted;
the capacitive storage device generates a pulse when the third switching transistor is turned on.
Optionally, when the second switching circuit is turned on, the capacitive energy storage device is turned off, and the inductance device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the inductance device.
Optionally, the capacitive energy storage device is disconnected under the condition that the second switch circuit is conducted, the inductance device generates pulses or inputs energy to the inductance device, and the capacitive energy storage device is disconnected under the condition that the second switch circuit is conducted, the first switch circuit and the main switch circuit are disconnected, and the inductance device generates pulses or inputs energy to the inductance device.
Optionally, when the second switch circuit is turned on and the first switch circuit and the main switch circuit are turned off, the capacitive energy storage device is turned off, and the inductance device generates a pulse or performs energy input to the inductance device, including:
Under the condition that the second switching transistor is conducted, the capacitive energy storage device is disconnected, and the inductance device inputs energy;
In case the body diode of the second switching transistor is turned on, the capacitive storage device is turned off and the inductive device generates a pulse.
Optionally, the pulse circuit is precharged in case of an opening of the second switching circuit.
Optionally, the pre-charging of the pulse circuit with the second switch circuit turned off includes pre-charging of the pulse circuit with the first switch circuit turned on and the second switch circuit turned off.
Optionally, the pulsed current is adapted to heat the battery pack.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising the pulse circuit described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a storage medium including a computer program stored thereon that can be loaded by a processor and executed in a pulse circuit control method as described above.
According to a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided a controller for executing a computer program of the pulse circuit control method as described above.
Pulsed current according to a sixth aspect of the present application there is provided a vehicle comprising a pulsed circuit as described above.
In the pulse circuit provided by the embodiment of the application, the capacitive energy storage device is precharged by switching the on-off state between the precharge module and the capacitive energy storage device. The on-off control of the pre-charging module and the first switch circuit generates pulse current, and the battery pack is self-heated by the pulse current, so that the integration of the pre-charging function and the self-heating function of the battery pack is realized, and hardware facilities such as additional components are not required to be arranged, thereby improving the integration level of the pulse circuit.
Additional features and advantages of the application will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
For a more complete understanding of the present application and the advantages thereof, reference is now made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals represent like parts throughout the following description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary alternative embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a connection structure diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a connection structure diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a connection structure diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a connection structure diagram of a pulse circuit provided in an exemplary fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
The reference numerals indicate that 1, a pre-charging module, 11, a main switch circuit, 12, a pre-charging circuit, 13, a second switch circuit, 2, a first switch circuit, 3, a capacitive energy storage device and 4, a contactor circuit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments of the present application.
According to a first aspect of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present disclosure provides a pulse circuit comprising a pre-charge module 1, a first switching circuit 2, an energy connection and a capacitive energy storage device 3.
The energy storage device comprises a pre-charging module 1, an energy connecting end and a capacitive energy storage device 3, wherein the first end of a first switch circuit 2 is positioned between the energy connecting end and the capacitive energy storage device 3, the second end of the first switch circuit 2 is connected with the pre-charging module 1, pulse current is generated through on-off of the first switch circuit 2 and the pre-charging module 1, and the energy connecting end is suitable for input or output of pulse circuit energy.
Wherein the energy connection terminal is suitable for connecting the battery pack.
The capacitive energy storage means 3 may comprise one or more capacitors, wherein the capacitive energy storage means 3 are arranged on a direct current bus of a high voltage circuit, which is used for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy in the vehicle. The switching of the conduction direction between the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3 is controlled jointly by the pre-charging module 1 and the first switching circuit 2.
As an example, when the pre-charge is needed, the pre-charge module 1 and the capacitive energy storage device 3 are controlled to be conducted mutually, so that the battery pack discharges to the capacitive energy storage device 3 through the pre-charge module 1 through the energy connection end, and the pre-charge of the capacitive energy storage device 3 is realized.
As an example, when the self-heating of the battery pack is required, the pulse current is generated by the on-off of the first switch circuit 2 and the pre-charging module 1, so that the pulse current is transmitted to the battery cell of the battery pack through the energy connection end, and the battery cell generates heat when the pulse current passes through the battery cell due to the internal resistance of the battery cell, so that the self-heating of the battery pack is realized.
In the above embodiment, the capacitive energy storage device 3 is precharged by switching the on-off state between the precharge module 1 and the capacitive energy storage device 3. The on-off control of the pre-charging module 1 and the first switch circuit 2 is used for generating pulse current, and the pulse current is utilized for self-heating the battery pack, so that the integration of the pre-charging function and the self-heating function of the battery pack is realized, and hardware facilities such as additional components and parts are not required, thereby improving the integration level of the pulse circuit.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, as an embodiment, the precharge module includes a main switch circuit 11, a precharge circuit 12, and a second switch circuit 13, and after the precharge circuit 12 and the second switch circuit 13 are connected in parallel with the main switch circuit 11, a second end of the first switch circuit 2 is located between the precharge circuit 12 and the second switch circuit 13.
Wherein the main switch circuit is suitable for being connected with the cathode or the anode of the battery pack.
As an example, the main switching circuit 11 comprises at least two transistors connected in series, the conduction directions of the two transistors connected in series being opposite.
Referring to fig. 3 and 5, as an example, at least two transistors connected in series are a first transistor Q1 and a second transistor Q2;
The first transistor Q1 comprises a control electrode for connecting with an external controller, a first electrode connected with the pre-charging circuit and an energy connecting end and a second electrode connected with the second transistor Q2, and the second transistor Q2 comprises a control electrode for connecting with the external controller, a first electrode connected with the capacitive energy storage device 3 and the second switching circuit 13 and a second electrode connected with the first transistor Q1.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, as an example, in the process of outputting energy from the energy connection terminal, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the second transistor Q2 is turned off, so that the body diodes of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 form an energy output path of the energy connection terminal. In the process of inputting energy to the energy connection end, the first transistor Q1 is turned off, and the second transistor Q2 is turned on, so that the body diode of the first transistor Q1 and the second transistor Q2 form an energy input path of the energy connection end.
As another embodiment, the main switching circuit 11 includes at least two parallel switches, and the conduction directions of the at least two parallel switches are opposite.
By way of example, the at least two parallel switches comprise a first switch consisting of at least one third transistor Q3 and at least one first unidirectional conducting device D1, and a second switch consisting of at least one fourth transistor Q4 and at least one second unidirectional conducting device D2, the conduction directions of the at least one third transistor Q3 and the at least one first unidirectional conducting device D1 being the same, and the conduction directions of the at least one fourth transistor Q4 and the at least one second unidirectional conducting device D2 being the same.
As an example, the third transistor Q3 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to an energy connection terminal, the precharge circuit 12, and the fourth transistor Q4, and a second electrode connected to a first terminal of the first unidirectional conductive device D1, the fourth transistor Q4 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to a second terminal of the second unidirectional conductive device D2, and a second electrode connected to the energy connection terminal, the precharge circuit 12, and the third transistor Q3, and a second terminal of the first unidirectional conductive device D1 is connected to a first terminal of the second unidirectional conductive device D2.
As an example, in the process of outputting energy from the energy connection terminal, the third transistor Q3 is turned on, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned off, and the third transistor Q3 and the first unidirectional current-carrying device D1 form an output energy path from the energy connection terminal, and at this time, the current-carrying direction is a discharge direction of the energy connection terminal. In the process of inputting energy to the energy connection terminal, the third transistor Q3 is turned off, the fourth transistor Q4 is turned on, so that the fourth transistor Q4 and the second unidirectional conduction device D2 form an energy input path of the energy connection terminal, and at this time, the conduction direction is the charging direction of the energy connection terminal. When the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 are turned off at the same time, the energy connection terminal is disconnected.
The third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 may or may not have a body diode. When the third transistor Q3 and the fourth transistor Q4 have body diodes, the first unidirectional conduction device D1 has a conduction direction opposite to that of the body diode of the third transistor Q3, and the second unidirectional conduction device D2 has a conduction direction opposite to that of the body diode of the fourth transistor Q4, so as to prevent current from flowing backward.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments, a contactor circuit 4 is further included, the contactor circuit 4 being connected in series between the energy connection and the first switching circuit 2.
As an example, the pre-charge module 1 is arranged at a first end of the energy connection end, the contactor circuit 4 comprises a positive contactor KM1, the positive contactor KM1 being connected in series at a second end of the energy connection end, or the pre-charge module 1 is arranged at a second end of the energy connection end, the contactor circuit 4 comprises a negative contactor KM2, the negative contactor KM2 being connected in series at the first end of the energy connection end.
Wherein a first end of the energy connection end may be used to connect with a negative electrode of the battery pack and a second end of the energy connection end may be used to connect with a positive electrode of the battery pack.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, as an example, the pre-charging module 1 is disposed at a first end of the energy connection end, and the positive contactor KM1 is connected in series at a second end of the energy connection end, so that the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3 are connected in a low-side pre-charging manner, and the pre-charging of the capacitive energy storage device 3 is achieved by controlling the on-off of the pre-charging module 1, so that a controllable pre-charging current path is formed between the negative electrode of the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3. Since the pre-charge module 1 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the pre-charge module 1 generally does not need to withstand a high voltage in a low-side pre-charge mode, so that the cost of the pre-charge module 1 is relatively low.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, as an example, the pre-charging module 1 is disposed at the second end of the energy connection end, the negative contactor KM2 is connected in series at the first end of the energy connection end, the pre-charging module 1 may be connected with the positive electrode of the battery pack, and the contactor circuit 4 may be connected in series between the negative electrode of the battery pack and the pre-charging module 1, so that the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3 are connected in a high-side pre-charging manner, and the pre-charging of the capacitive energy storage device 3 is achieved by controlling the on-off of the pre-charging module 1, so that a controllable pre-charging flow path is formed between the positive electrode of the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3. Because the pre-charging module 1 is connected with the positive electrode of the battery pack, in the high-side pre-charging mode, the connection between the battery pack and the capacitive energy storage device 3 can be cut off through the pre-charging module 1, the battery pack and the load are effectively isolated, and the safety is higher.
In some embodiments, the precharge circuit 12 includes an inductive device and a first switching transistor. The first switching transistor comprises a control electrode for connection with an external controller, a first electrode connected with a first end of an inductive device and a second electrode connected with the energy connection end and the main switching circuit, and the second end of the inductive device is connected with the first switching circuit 2 and the second switching circuit 13.
As an example, when the battery pack needs to be self-heated, by controlling the on/off of the first switch circuit 2 and the second switch 13, the inductance device and the capacitive energy storage device 3 can be repeatedly turned on/off, and the circulation direction of the circulation is switched, that is, the battery pack outputs energy to the inductance device and the capacitive energy storage device 3 at first, so that the charging of the capacitive energy storage device 3 and the energy storage of the inductance device are continuously increased, and the current of the battery pack is gradually reduced until the battery pack stops discharging. Then, the inductance device and the capacitive energy storage device are used for carrying out reverse discharge on the battery pack, so that the direction of current flowing through the battery pack is changed, and the conduction directions among the battery pack, the inductance device and the capacitive energy storage device 3 are repeatedly switched, namely an oscillating circuit can be formed, so that pulse current for heating the battery cells of the battery pack is generated.
The inductance value of the inductive device and the capacitance value of the capacitive energy storage device 3 can be set according to actual situations. In the self-heating process, the frequency of the pulse current output by the oscillating circuit formed by the inductance device and the capacitive energy storage device 3 can be expressed as f=1/(2pi (LC)), wherein L represents the inductance value of the inductance device and C represents the capacitance value of the capacitive energy storage device 3. Therefore, by adjusting the inductance value of the inductance device and the capacitance value of the capacitive energy storage device 3, the frequency of the pulse current can be controlled so as to optimize the self-heating effect on the battery cell.
The inductance device has the characteristic of inductance, so that currents at two ends of the inductance device cannot be suddenly changed, and large currents are prevented from directly flowing to the capacitive energy storage device 3 in the pre-charging process, so that the pre-charging of the capacitive energy storage device 3 is completed, the voltage of the capacitive energy storage device 3 is close to the output voltage of the battery pack, and the subsequent battery pack can be powered stably through the capacitive energy storage device 3.
Referring to fig. 3-6, in some embodiments, the second switching circuit 13 comprises a second switching transistor including a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the second end of the inductive device and the first switching circuit, and a second electrode connected to the main switching circuit and the first end of the capacitive storage device.
In some embodiments the first switching circuit 2 comprises a third switching transistor comprising a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the energy connection terminal and to the second terminal of the capacitive storage device 3, and a second electrode connected to the second terminal of the inductive device and to the second switching transistor.
As an example, in case a low-side pre-charge is applied between the battery pack and the capacitive storage device 3, the inductive device comprises a first inductor L1, the first switching transistor comprises a fifth transistor Q5 with a body diode, and the second switching transistor comprises a sixth transistor Q6. The fifth transistor Q5 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to a first end of the first inductor L1, and a second electrode connected to a first end of the energy connection terminal and the main switching circuit 11. The sixth transistor Q6 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1 and the seventh transistor Q7, and a second electrode connected to the main switching circuit 11 and the first terminal of the capacitive storage device 3. The seventh transistor Q7 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the positive contactor KM1 and to the second terminal of the capacitive storage device 3, and a second electrode connected to the second terminal of the first inductor L1 and to the sixth transistor Q6.
In the case of low-side pre-charging between the battery pack and the capacitive storage device 3, as an example, in conjunction with fig. 3 and 4, the fifth transistor Q5 is turned on during pre-charging, so that current flows from the battery pack to the capacitive storage device 3 through the body diodes of the fifth transistor Q5, the first inductor L1, and the sixth transistor Q6 in order to form a pre-charging path together with the battery pack, the positive contactor KM1, the capacitive storage device 3, and the first inductor L1, and pre-charge the capacitive storage device 3.
As an example, in the case of a low-side pre-charge between the battery and the capacitive storage device 3, the self-heating process of the battery may be divided into four stages. In the first stage, the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7 are turned on, the battery pack, the positive contactor KM1 and the first inductor L1 form a closed loop, and at this time, the on direction of the battery pack is a discharging direction, and the battery pack discharges to the first inductor L1 to store energy in the first inductor L1. In the second stage, the fifth transistor Q5 is turned on to enable the first end of the first inductor L1 to be turned on to the negative electrode of the battery pack, the other end of the first inductor L1 is turned on to the positive electrode of the battery pack through the body diode of the seventh transistor Q7 after the positive contactor KM1 is closed, so that a voltage difference exists between the two ends of the first inductor L1, at this time, the first inductor L1 and the battery pack are discharged to the capacitive energy storage device 3 at the same time, and the conduction direction of the battery pack is the discharge direction. In the third stage, the fifth transistor Q5 and the seventh transistor Q7 are turned on, the capacitive storage device 3 is discharged to the first inductor L1 through the seventh transistor Q7, and the positive contactor KM1 is closed, so that the capacitive storage device 3 is discharged to the battery pack through the positive contactor KM1, and at this time, the charging direction of the conduction direction of the battery pack is the charging direction. In the fourth stage, the first inductor L1 is turned on with the battery pack through the body diode of the fifth transistor Q5 and the body diode of the seventh transistor Q7 to discharge the battery pack, and the conduction direction of the battery pack is the charging direction of the battery pack. The four phases form a complete oscillation period, and the four phases are repeated, so that the current direction flowing through the battery pack is continuously changed, and the effect of providing pulse current for the battery cells in the battery pack and heating the battery cells is realized.
The adjustment of the current in the pre-charging process and the self-heating process of the battery pack is realized by adjusting the on duty ratio of the fifth transistor Q5, the sixth transistor Q6 and the seventh transistor Q7, so that the pre-charging and the self-heating can be performed by using proper current.
As another example, in the case of a high-side pre-charge between the battery pack and the capacitive storage device 3, the inductive device includes a second inductor L2, the first switching transistor includes an eighth transistor Q8 having a body diode, and the second switching transistor includes a tenth transistor Q10, as combined with fig. 5 and 6. The eighth transistor Q8 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the second end of the energy connection terminal and the main switching circuit 11, and a second electrode connected to the first end of the second inductor L2. The ninth transistor Q9 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the main switching circuit 11 and the capacitive storage device 3, and a second electrode connected to the second end of the second inductor L2 and the tenth transistor Q10. The tenth transistor Q10 includes a control electrode for connection to an external controller, a first electrode connected to the second end of the second inductor L2 and the ninth transistor Q9, and a second electrode connected to the negative contactor KM2 and the capacitive storage device 3.
As an example, in the case of high-side pre-charging between the battery pack and the capacitive storage device 3, during pre-charging, the eighth transistor Q8 is turned on, and current flows from the battery pack to the capacitive storage device 3 through the body diodes of the eighth transistor Q8, the first inductor L1, and the ninth transistor Q9 in this order, so that the battery pack, the second inductor L2, the capacitive storage device 3, the body diode of the ninth transistor Q9, and the negative contactor KM2 together form a pre-charging path, and the capacitive storage device 3 is pre-charged.
As an example, in the case of a high-side pre-charge between the battery pack and the capacitive storage device 3, the self-heating process of the battery pack may be divided into four stages. In the first stage, the eighth transistor Q8 and the tenth transistor Q10 are turned on, the battery pack, the eighth transistor Q8, the second inductor L2, the tenth transistor Q10 and the negative contactor KM2 form a closed loop, and at this time, the on direction of the battery pack is a discharging direction, and the battery pack discharges to the second inductor L2 to store energy in the second inductor L2. In the second stage, the eighth transistor Q8 is turned on, so that the first end of the second inductor L2 is turned on to the positive electrode of the battery pack, the other end of the second inductor L2 is turned on to the capacitive energy storage device 3 through the body diode of the ninth transistor Q9, and since no energy storage is performed in the capacitive energy storage device 3 at this time, a voltage difference exists between two ends of the second inductor L2, so that the second inductor L2 and the battery pack discharge to the capacitive energy storage device 3 at the same time, and the conduction direction of the battery pack is the discharge direction. In the third stage, the ninth transistor Q9 is turned on, the capacitive storage device 3 discharges to the second inductor L2 through the ninth transistor Q9, and simultaneously discharges to the battery pack through the body diode of the eighth transistor Q8, and at this time, the charge direction of the on direction of the battery pack is the charging direction. In the fourth stage, the second inductor L2 is turned on with the battery pack through the body diode of the eighth transistor Q8 and the body diode of the tenth transistor Q10 to discharge the battery pack, and the conduction direction of the battery pack is the charging direction of the battery pack. The four phases form a complete oscillation period, and the four phases are repeated, so that the current direction flowing through the battery pack is continuously changed, and the effect of providing pulse current for the battery cells in the battery pack and heating the battery cells is realized.
In the above embodiment, the eighth transistor Q8, the ninth transistor Q9 and the tenth transistor Q10 are controlled to be on-off, so that the eighth transistor Q8, the ninth transistor Q9 and the tenth transistor Q10 are combined in different on-off states, thereby realizing control of pre-charging the capacitive energy storage device 3 or self-heating the battery pack.
The external controller is configured to output an external control instruction, where the external control instruction may be a combination of multiple control signals, for example, the external control instruction may include five independent control signals, where two control signals are used to control the on-off and the on-off direction of the main switch circuit 11, and the other three control signals may be used to control the on-off and the on-off direction of the pre-charge module 1.
The control electrodes of the first to tenth transistors Q1 to Q10 may be gates thereof, and one of the first and second electrodes may be a source and the other may be a drain.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided a pulse circuit control method for controlling the pulse circuit, the method including controlling on-off of a first switch circuit and a pre-charge module to cause the pulse circuit to generate a pulse current.
In some embodiments, the capacitive storage device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the capacitive storage device with the second switching circuit open.
By way of example, the capacitive storage means generating a pulse or inputting energy to the capacitive storage means in case of an opening of the second switching circuit, including the capacitive storage means generating a pulse or inputting energy to the capacitive storage means in case of an opening of the first switching circuit, the second switching circuit and the main switching circuit.
As an example, in a case where the first switching circuit is turned on, the second switching circuit and the main switching circuit are turned off, the capacitive storage device generates a pulse, or performs energy input to the capacitive storage device, including:
step S101, under the condition that the body diode of the third switching transistor is conducted, the capacitive energy storage device inputs energy.
Under the condition that the body diode of the third switching transistor is conducted, the battery pack, the pre-charging circuit, the body diode of the third switching transistor and the capacitive energy storage device are conducted to form a complete loop, and the conducting direction is the discharging direction of the battery pack.
Step S102, under the condition that the third switching transistor is conducted, the capacitive energy storage device generates pulses.
Under the condition that the body diode of the third switching transistor is conducted, the battery pack, the pre-charging circuit, the third switching transistor and the capacitive energy storage device are conducted to form a complete loop, and the conducting direction is the charging direction of the battery pack.
In some embodiments, the capacitive storage device is turned off with the second switching circuit on, and the inductive device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the inductive device.
In some embodiments, the capacitive storage device is turned off with the second switching circuit on, the inductive device generates a pulse or inputs energy to the inductive device, including the capacitive storage device being turned off with the second switching circuit on, the first switching circuit and the main switching circuit off, the inductive device generating a pulse or inputting energy to the inductive device.
As an example, in a case where the second switching circuit is turned on and the first switching circuit and the main switching circuit are turned off, the capacitive storage device is turned off, the inductive device generates a pulse or performs energy input to the inductive device, including:
Step S201, under the condition that the second switching transistor is turned on, the capacitive energy storage device is turned off, and the inductance device inputs energy.
Under the condition that the second switching transistor is conducted, the battery pack, the inductance device and the second switching transistor form a complete loop, and the conducting direction is the discharging direction of the battery pack so as to store energy to the inductance device in a discharging mode.
Step S202, under the condition that the body diode of the second switching transistor is conducted, the capacitive energy storage device is disconnected, and the inductance device generates pulses.
Under the condition that the body diode of the second switching transistor is conducted, the battery pack, the inductance device and the body diode of the second switching transistor form a complete loop, and the conducting direction is the charging direction of the battery pack, so that the inductance device discharges to the battery pack.
Wherein the pulse circuit is precharged in the case of the opening of the second switching circuit.
Wherein the pulse circuit precharging when the second switch circuit is turned off includes precharging when the first switch circuit is turned on and the second switch circuit is turned off.
Wherein the current is adapted to heat the battery pack.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising the pulse circuit described above.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a storage medium including a computer program stored thereon that can be loaded by a processor and executed in a pulse circuit control method as described above.
According to a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided a controller for executing a computer program of the pulse circuit control method as described above.
According to a sixth aspect of the present application there is provided a vehicle comprising a pulse circuit as described above.
The vehicle may be a fuel-powered vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, a new energy vehicle, or the like, and the present disclosure is not particularly limited thereto.
In the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
The embodiments, the implementation modes and the related technical features of the application can be mutually combined and replaced under the condition of no conflict.
Although the embodiments of the present application are described with emphasis on each embodiment, and the details of some embodiments may be referred to other embodiments, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present application will still fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.
Claims (27)
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| CN102377215A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Combined heating and pre-charging function and hardware for propulsion batteries |
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| CN103419653B (en) * | 2012-05-22 | 2016-04-27 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The power system of electronlmobil, electronlmobil and heating of battery method |
| CN210007418U (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-01-31 | 吉利汽车研究院（宁波）有限公司 | A high-voltage pre-charging device |
| CN113746152B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2024-09-10 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery energy processing device and vehicle |
| CN115848172B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2024-10-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Vehicle, precharge circuit, and precharge method thereof |
| CN118412941A (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2024-07-30 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Energy storage inverter, energy storage system battery heating method and device and computer equipment |
| CN219592158U (en) * | 2023-05-29 | 2023-08-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Charge and discharge circuit, battery control circuit and electrical equipment |
| CN118107437A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-05-31 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Energy conversion device and vehicle |
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| CN102377215A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 | Combined heating and pre-charging function and hardware for propulsion batteries |
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