Equipment for detecting surface hardness of ceramic grinding wheel
Technical Field
The invention relates to ceramic grinding wheel detection equipment, in particular to equipment for detecting the surface hardness of a ceramic grinding wheel, which is applied to the field of hardness detection.
Background
In the production process of the ceramic grinding wheel, quality control is important, and in order to ensure that the grinding effect of the grinding wheel reaches the standard, a finished product needs to be subjected to strict sampling detection, wherein hardness detection is one of key links, and the quality of the grinding wheel is ensured, and high efficiency and stability of the grinding wheel in practical application are also ensured.
The hardness of the existing ceramic grinding wheel is generally detected by adopting a sand blasting hardness machine, and the hardness of the grinding wheel is detected through the pit depth formed on the surface of the grinding wheel by the sprayed high-speed sand flow.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to solve the technical problem that the existing ceramic grinding wheel hardness detection equipment is easy to damage the detected ceramic grinding wheel in a scrapped way.
The invention provides equipment for detecting the surface hardness of a ceramic grinding wheel, which comprises a base, wherein a bearing disc for loading the grinding wheel body is arranged above the base, an adjustable Lev hardness tester which is abutted to the side wall of the grinding wheel body is arranged on the right side of the bearing disc, a movable frame is rotatably connected with the bearing disc through a bearing shaft, the movable frame is connected with an electric telescopic cylinder which drives the movable frame to transversely move, the bearing shaft is fixedly sleeved with a worm wheel, the worm wheel is meshed with a worm which extends below the movable frame and is rotatably connected with the movable frame, the lower end of the worm is fixedly connected with a ratchet gear, the ratchet gear is meshed with a toothed rail which is fixedly connected with the base, the adjustable Lev hardness tester comprises a cylinder body, the front end of the cylinder body is nested with a guide cylinder, an induction coil group is sleeved outside the guide cylinder, an impact rod which is used for impacting the grinding wheel body is penetrated through, the left side part of the impact rod is fixedly sleeved with a first magnetic ring which is matched with the induction coil group, the right end of the impact rod is fixedly connected with a second magnetic ring, the second outer side of the impact rod is sleeved with an electromagnetic accelerating tube which is fixedly arranged on the right side of the guide cylinder, the electromagnetic accelerating tube is meshed with the second magnetic ring, the electromagnetic coil is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic coil which is matched with the second magnetic ring, and the induction coil and the electromagnetic coil is electrically connected with a controller.
In the equipment for detecting the surface hardness of the ceramic grinding wheel, through the ratchet gear linked with the bearing disc and the impact rod driven by the electromagnetic coil, the impact kinetic energy of the impact rod is convenient to adjust, the impact sampling points are uniformly distributed, and damage to the grinding wheel body during hardness detection is reduced.
As a further improvement of the application, the guide cylinder is provided with a hollow cavity for the impact rod to transversely slide, the outer wall of the guide cylinder is provided with a plurality of groups of injection holes which are communicated with the hollow cavity and are circumferentially distributed, the inner ends of the injection holes are communicated with the hollow cavity, the outer side of the guide cylinder, which is positioned at the injection hole part, is fixedly sleeved with an air injection cylinder, the air injection cylinder is communicated with a piston cylinder arranged on the right side of the electromagnetic accelerating tube through the air injection pipe, the right end of the piston cylinder is communicated with an air extraction filter cover through a pipeline, a piston is nested in the piston cylinder, the right end of the piston is abutted with a reset spring nested in the piston cylinder, and the left end of the piston extends into the electromagnetic accelerating tube.
As a further improvement of the application, the movable frame is in abutting sliding connection with the toothed rail, the toothed rail is provided with clamping teeth which are distributed linearly at equal intervals and matched with the ratchet gear, and the end part of the electric telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the base through the vertical plate.
As a further improvement of the application, the ratchet gear comprises a pawl disc fixedly connected with the worm and a ratchet tooth ring rotationally sleeved on the outer side of the pawl disc and meshed with the toothed rail, the pawl disc is hinged with a pawl, the outer wall of the ratchet tooth ring is provided with a latch, and the inner wall of the ratchet tooth ring is provided with a pawl groove matched with the pawl.
As a further improvement of the application, the impact rod is a cylindrical rod with the front end of the impact rod being in a hemispherical shape, the first magnetic ring is an annular permanent magnet, and the outer diameter of the first magnetic ring is equal to that of the impact rod.
As a further improvement of the application, the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with the end part of the cylinder body in a threaded connection mode, the electromagnetic accelerating tube is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the second magnetic ring is an annular permanent magnet, the outer wall of the second magnetic ring is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the electromagnetic accelerating tube, and the outer diameter of the second magnetic ring is larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder.
As a further improvement of the application, the connecting part of the gas injection pipe and the gas extraction filter cover and the piston cylinder is provided with a one-way valve, the gas extraction filter cover is arranged on the outer wall of the right side of the cylinder body, and the two ends of the piston are disc-shaped and the middle part of the piston is cylindrical.
As a further improvement of the application, the gas injection cylinder is an annular cylinder with the inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the guide cylinder, an annular cavity communicated with the injection hole is formed between the inner wall of the gas injection cylinder and the outer wall of the guide cylinder, the injection hole is a columnar hole inclined rightwards, and the extension line of the injection hole is intersected with the central axis of the impact rod.
In summary, when hardness of the grinding wheel body is detected, the impact rod with the second magnetic ring is driven by the electromagnetic coil to impact the grinding wheel body, the impact kinetic energy of the impact rod is changed by adjusting the current of the electromagnetic coil, so that the single impact kinetic energy is adjustable and controllable, the surface extrusion damage to the grinding wheel body is reduced, meanwhile, the periodic rotation setting angle of the grinding wheel body is realized by the unidirectional transmission of the ratchet gear linked with the bearing disc, the impact detection points of the impact rod are distributed on the grinding wheel body at equal intervals in circumference, the uniform deformation of the grinding wheel body is realized, the detection rejection rate of the grinding wheel body is reduced, in addition, the automatic multipoint impact sampling is realized by the cooperation of the electric telescopic cylinder and the electromagnetic coil, and the automation level and the accuracy of detection are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled structure of a ratchet gear according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an adjustable Brinell hardness tester according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable Brinell hardness tester according to the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an exploded assembly of an impact beam according to the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide cylinder according to the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembled structure of the impact rod and the electromagnetic accelerating tube according to the present application;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of the communication between the gas injection tube and the piston cylinder in the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic view showing a state of the air flow blowing chip in the present application.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate:
1. The device comprises a base, 2, a bearing disc, 3, a bearing shaft, 4, a moving frame, 5, a worm wheel, 6, a worm, 7, a ratchet gear, 701, a pawl disc, 702, a ratchet ring, 8, a toothed rail, 9, an electric telescopic cylinder, 10, a grinding wheel body, 11, an adjustable Brinell hardness tester, 12, a cylinder body, 13, an impact rod, 14, a first magnetic ring, 15, a second magnetic ring, 16, a guide cylinder, 1601, a hollow cavity, 1602, an injection hole, 17, an induction coil group, 18, an electromagnetic accelerating tube, 19, an electromagnetic coil, 20, a controller, 21, a piston cylinder, 22, a piston, 23, a return spring, 24, an air extraction filter cover, 25, an air injection tube, 26 and an air injection cylinder.
Detailed Description
2 Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1-8 show equipment for detecting the surface hardness of a ceramic grinding wheel, which comprises a base 1, wherein a bearing disc 2 for loading a grinding wheel body 10 is arranged above the base 1, an adjustable Brinell hardness tester 11 which is abutted against the side wall of the grinding wheel body 10 is arranged on the right side of the bearing disc 2, a movable frame 4 is rotatably connected with the bearing disc 2 through a bearing shaft 3, an electric telescopic cylinder 9 which drives the movable frame 4 to transversely move is connected with the movable frame 4, a worm wheel 5 is fixedly sleeved on the bearing shaft 3, the worm wheel 5 is meshed with a worm 6 which extends below the movable frame 4 and is rotatably connected with the movable frame 4, a ratchet gear 7 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the worm 6, and a toothed rail 8 fixedly connected with the base 1 is meshed with the ratchet gear 7;
The adjustable Lei hardness tester 11 comprises a barrel 12, a guide barrel 16 is nested at the front end of the barrel 12, an induction coil group 17 is sleeved outside the guide barrel 16, an impact rod 13 used for impacting the grinding wheel body 10 penetrates through the guide barrel 16, a first magnetic ring 14 matched with the induction coil group 17 is fixedly sleeved on the left part of the impact rod 13, a second magnetic ring 15 is fixedly connected to the right end of the impact rod 13, an electromagnetic accelerating tube 18 installed on the right side of the guide barrel 16 is sleeved outside the second magnetic ring 15, an electromagnetic coil 19 matched with the second magnetic ring 15 is nested in the shell wall of the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18, and both the induction coil group 17 and the electromagnetic coil 19 are electrically connected with a controller 20.
Specifically, when the hardness of the grinding wheel body 10 is detected, the method includes the steps of:
Step one, starting an electric telescopic cylinder 9, so that a movable frame 4 drives a grinding wheel body 10 arranged on the movable frame to move rightwards to be abutted with the end part of an adjustable hardness tester 11;
Step two, starting an electromagnetic coil 19 through a controller 20, wherein a magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 19 pushes a second magnetic ring 15 at the tail end of an impact rod 13 to move, the second magnetic ring 15 pushes the impact rod 13 to punch a guide cylinder 16 to collide with a grinding wheel body 10, and after the impact, the impact rod 13 returns to the cylinder 12 to realize single hardness detection;
it should be noted that, the induction coil set 17 includes a pair of induction coils disposed along an axial direction of the guide cylinder 16, the first magnetic ring 14 is driven to pass through a pair of induction coils by a time difference when the first magnetic ring 14 receives an impact to calculate an impact speed of the impact rod 13, and similarly, the rebound speed of the impact rod 13 is calculated by a time difference when the impact rod 13 rebounds to pass through a pair of induction coils after impacting, so as to calculate and obtain a brinell hardness value, the induction coil set 17 obtains the impact speed and the rebound speed and then calculates the brinell hardness value as in the prior art, which is not described in detail in the present application;
step three, starting an electric telescopic cylinder 9, wherein the electric telescopic cylinder 9 drives a movable frame 4 and a grinding wheel body 10 arranged on the movable frame to move leftwards and away from an adjustable brinell hardness tester 11, in the process of leftwards moving, a ratchet gear 7 rolls on a toothed rail 8 to drive a worm 6 to rotate, the worm 6 drives a bearing shaft 3 and a bearing disc 2 to rotate through a worm wheel 5, the bearing disc 2 drives the grinding wheel body 10 to rotate, and after a set rotation angle is reached, the electric telescopic cylinder 9 drives the movable frame 4 and the grinding wheel body 10 arranged on the movable frame 4 to move rightwards until the movable frame is contacted with the adjustable brinell hardness tester 11 again, and in the process of rightwards moving, the ratchet gear 7 cannot drive the worm 6 to rotate, and the self-locking effect of the worm wheel 5 and the worm 6 is utilized to realize the fixation of the grinding wheel body 10;
and step four, repeating the step two and the step three, and controlling the angle of each rotation and the total rotation times of the grinding wheel body 10 by controlling the left-moving distance and the left-moving times of the electric telescopic cylinder 9 each time, so that the impact detection points are distributed at equal intervals in circumference.
Compared with the traditional ceramic grinding wheel hardness detection device, the device has the advantages that when the hardness of the grinding wheel body 10 is detected through the ratchet gear 7 in linkage with the bearing disc 2 and the impact rod 13 driven by the electromagnetic coil 19, the impact rod 13 with the end part fixed with the second magnetic ring 15 is driven by the electromagnetic coil 19 to move and impact, so that the impact kinetic energy of the impact rod 13 is changed by changing the current of the electromagnetic coil 19, the single impact kinetic energy is adjustable and controllable, the surface extrusion damage to the grinding wheel body 10 is reduced, meanwhile, the periodic rotation setting angle of the grinding wheel body 10 is realized through the unidirectional transmission of the ratchet gear 7 in linkage with the bearing disc 2, the impact detection points generated by the impact of the impact rod 13 are circumferentially distributed on the grinding wheel body 10 at equal intervals, the uniform deformation of the grinding wheel body 10 is realized, the detection rejection rate of the grinding wheel body 10 is reduced, in addition, the automatic multipoint impact sampling is realized through the cooperation of the electric telescopic cylinder 9 and the electromagnetic coil 19, and the automatic level and the accuracy of detection are improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the moving rack 4 is in abutting sliding with a toothed rail 8, the toothed rail 8 is provided with teeth which are distributed linearly at equal intervals and matched with a ratchet gear 7, and the end part of an electric telescopic cylinder 9 is fixedly connected with the base 1 through a vertical plate.
Specifically, the movable frame 4 and the ratchet gear 7 have better stability in transverse movement.
Referring to fig. 2, the ratchet gear 7 includes a pawl disc 701 fixedly connected with the worm 6, and a ratchet ring gear 702 rotatably sleeved on the outer side of the pawl disc 701 and meshed with the rack 8, wherein pawls are hinged on the pawl disc 701, and the outer wall of the ratchet ring gear 702 is provided with latch teeth and the inner wall of the ratchet ring gear is provided with pawl grooves matched with the pawls.
Specifically, unidirectional transmission of the ratchet gear 7 is realized.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the impact rod 13 is a cylindrical rod with a hemispherical front end impact surface, and the first magnetic ring 14 is an annular permanent magnet and has an outer diameter equal to that of the impact rod 13.
Specifically, the impact surface of the impact rod 13 is a hemispherical surface, so that the extrusion damage of the impact rod 13 to the grinding wheel body 10 is further reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 8, the guiding tube 16 is fixedly connected with the end of the cylinder 12 in a threaded connection manner, the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18 is of a cylindrical structure with two open ends and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder 12, the second magnetic ring 15 is an annular permanent magnet, the outer wall of the second magnetic ring is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18, and the outer diameter of the second magnetic ring 15 is larger than the outer diameter of the guiding tube 16.
Specifically, stability of the impact rod 13 during impact and rebound is improved through the guide cylinder 16, the impact rod 13 and the second magnetic ring 15 are limited, and the impact rod 13 is prevented from falling off after the electromagnetic coil 19 is powered off.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 4, fig. 7 and fig. 9-11 show a device for detecting the surface hardness of a ceramic grinding wheel, on the basis of the 1 st embodiment, a hollow cavity 1601 for the impact rod 13 to transversely slide is formed in a guide cylinder 16, a plurality of groups of injection holes 1602 which are communicated with the hollow cavity 1601 and distributed circumferentially are formed in the outer wall of the guide cylinder 16, the inner ends of the injection holes 1602 are communicated with the hollow cavity 1601, an air injection cylinder 26 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the injection holes 1602 of the guide cylinder 16, the air injection cylinder 26 is communicated with a piston cylinder 21 installed on the right side of an electromagnetic accelerating tube 18 through an air injection pipe 25, the right end of the piston cylinder 21 is communicated with an air extraction filter cover 24 through a pipeline, a piston 22 is nested in the piston cylinder 21, the right end of the piston is abutted against a reset spring 23 nested in the piston cylinder 21, and the left end of the piston 22 extends into the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18.
Specifically, referring to fig. 11, when the impact rod 13 is impacted and rebounded and then enters the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18 and extrudes the piston 22 therein, the extrusion is performed in the reset spring 23, so as to realize the rebound unloading force of the impact rod 13 and reduce the impact of the impact rod 13 on the cylinder 12, meanwhile, the piston 22 compresses the air flow in the piston cylinder 21, so that the air flow is injected into the injection hole 1602 through the air injection tube 25 and the air injection tube 26, the spherical impact surface of the end part of the impact rod 13 which is rebounded and moved to the guide cylinder 16 is subjected to high-pressure injection, and the ceramic grinding wheel fragment particles adhered to the spherical impact surface of the impact rod 13 are subjected to injection cleaning, thereby improving the accuracy of the next impact detection.
In addition, the second magnetic ring 15 is driven to reciprocate in the electromagnetic accelerating tube 18 by loading alternating current to the electromagnetic coil 19 and an alternating magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic coil 19, and the second magnetic ring 15 drives the impact rod 13 to reciprocate and strike the piston 22, so that the piston cylinder 21 generates pulse air flow to reciprocate and pulse and blow the spherical impact surface of the impact rod 13, and the debris cleaning effect is further improved.
Referring to fig. 9, the air injection pipe 25 and the air extraction filter cover 24 are both provided with one-way valves at the communication points with the piston cylinder 21, the air extraction filter cover 24 is mounted on the right outer wall of the cylinder 12, and the two ends of the piston 22 are disc-shaped and have a cylindrical middle.
Specifically, the unidirectional flow of the air flow through the air extraction filter cover 24, the piston cylinder 21 and the air injection pipe 25 is realized through the one-way valve, the unidirectional flow injection of the air flow is realized, the contact area between the impact rod 13 and the piston 22 is increased through the disc-shaped piston 22 at the end part, and the stability of force transmission is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, the gas injection tube 26 is an annular tube with an inner diameter larger than an outer diameter of the guide tube 16, and an annular cavity communicating with the injection hole 1602 is formed between an inner wall of the annular tube and an outer wall of the guide tube 16, the injection hole 1602 is a cylindrical hole inclined rightward, and an extension line of the injection hole 1602 intersects with a central axis of the impact rod 13.
Specifically, the air flow ejected from the ejection hole 1602 can be ejected to the center position of the spherical impact surface of the impact rod 13, improving the debris cleaning effect.
The present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are adopted in connection with the actual demands, and various changes made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present application are still within the scope of the present application.