CN118927720B - A lightweight and efficient thermal insulation protection structure - Google Patents
A lightweight and efficient thermal insulation protection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN118927720B CN118927720B CN202411164054.1A CN202411164054A CN118927720B CN 118927720 B CN118927720 B CN 118927720B CN 202411164054 A CN202411164054 A CN 202411164054A CN 118927720 B CN118927720 B CN 118927720B
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- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
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- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供一种轻质高效隔热防护结构，涉及功能性复合材料领域，包括热面保护层（10）、隔热层与冷面保护层（30），隔热层由热阻层（21）与反射层（22）交替层叠而成，热阻层（21）的数量为n、反射层（22）的数量为n+1，n不小于1；反射层（22）为采用A面聚酰亚胺薄膜（221）、镀铝层（222）、B面聚酰亚胺薄膜（223）形成的夹层结构，且B面聚酰亚胺薄膜（223）靠近热面保护层（10）、A面聚酰亚胺薄膜（221）靠近冷面保护层（30）。该隔热防护结构能解决现有防护结构高温隔热效果差，耐湿热、耐盐雾、耐振动性能差，厚度大、面密度大、重量大，易出现破裂、变形等问题。
The present invention provides a lightweight and efficient heat-insulating protective structure, which relates to the field of functional composite materials, and comprises a hot surface protective layer (10), a heat-insulating layer and a cold surface protective layer (30). The heat-insulating layer is formed by alternately stacking a thermal resistance layer (21) and a reflective layer (22), the number of the thermal resistance layers (21) is n, the number of the reflective layers (22) is n+1, and n is not less than 1; the reflective layer (22) is a sandwich structure formed by an A-side polyimide film (221), an aluminum-plated layer (222), and a B-side polyimide film (223), and the B-side polyimide film (223) is close to the hot surface protective layer (10), and the A-side polyimide film (221) is close to the cold surface protective layer (30). The heat-insulating protective structure can solve the problems of poor high-temperature heat-insulating effect, poor moisture and heat resistance, salt spray resistance, and vibration resistance of the existing protective structure, large thickness, large surface density, large weight, and easy cracking and deformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional composite materials, in particular to a light high-efficiency heat-insulation protective structure.
Background
Under the influence of the radiation heat and pneumatic heating of an engine, if the temperature of the parachute cabin is too high, the fabric of the recovery parachute or the drogue parachute is difficult to bear, and the carbonization of the pressurized oil can cause the recovery parachute or the drogue parachute to be unable to be normally released, so that serious safety accidents are caused. Therefore, in the design and manufacturing process, effective heat insulation protection is needed to be carried out on the parachute cabin, and the temperature of the inner wall of the parachute cabin is controlled within the allowable range of the material characteristics, so that the reliability and the safety of the work of the recovery parachute or the drogue parachute are improved.
The existing heat insulation protection structure generally adopts aluminum foil as a reflecting layer directly, and has the following problems that firstly, the emissivity of the aluminum foil can be increased along with the temperature rise, so that the reflecting capacity is reduced, and secondly, the existing heat insulation protection structure is of a non-complete sealing structure, and in the use process, the possibility that the atmosphere, liquid and the like enter the heat insulation protection structure and erode the reflecting layer exists, so that the heat insulation effect is extremely easy to be reduced. Meanwhile, the existing heat-insulating protective structure generally adopts a metal layer as a protective layer of the composite structure, but directly adopts a smooth metal structure as the protective layer, when the area of a heat-insulating product is large, the whole strength of the heat-insulating protective structure is low and is easy to deform, the thickness, the surface density and the weight of the metal structure are large, the problems of cracking, wrinkling and the like are easy to occur in the using process, and the protective performance and the heat-insulating performance of the heat-insulating protective structure are directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a light high-efficiency heat-insulation protection structure which can effectively solve the problems of poor high-temperature heat-insulation effect, poor damp and heat resistance, salt fog resistance, poor vibration resistance, large thickness, large surface density, large weight, easy cracking, deformation and the like of the existing protection structure and has the characteristics of light high-efficiency heat insulation, long-acting stable protection and the like.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
A light high-efficiency heat-insulation protection structure comprises a hot surface protection layer, a heat-insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer, wherein the heat-insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat-resistance layers and reflecting layers, the number of the heat-resistance layers is n, the number of the reflecting layers is n+1, n is not less than 1 (namely, the reflecting layers are both reflecting layers close to the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer), the reflecting layers are sandwich structures formed by adopting polyimide films on the surface A, aluminum plating layers and polyimide films on the surface B, and the polyimide films on the surface B are close to the hot surface protection layer and the polyimide films on the surface A are close to the cold surface protection layer.
Because of the difference of expansion coefficients between the reflecting layer and the thermal resistance layer, stress concentration is easy to generate between the reflecting layer and the thermal resistance layer, so that interlayer cracking is caused, and outward expansion is gradually formed, so that the heat insulation protection structure is invalid, the heat conductivity coefficient is increased, and the heat protection capability is reduced; according to the application, the lamination cooperation of the specific thermal resistance layer and the reflecting layer effectively improves interlayer shearing performance, and can inhibit the expansion of layering damage in the thermal shock process, so that interlayer cracking is avoided, and the shaping property of the heat insulation protection structure is ensured. Meanwhile, through the sandwich design formed by the polyimide film on the surface A, the aluminum plated layer and the polyimide film on the surface B, the polyimide film with low surface density, excellent heat stability, flame retardance and mechanical property is utilized to protect the aluminum layer, so that the emissivity of the aluminum foil can be prevented from increasing along with the rise of temperature and the influence of external corrosion on the aluminum layer is avoided, and the environmental adaptability of the reflecting layer such as damp and heat resistance, salt fog resistance and the like is further improved. In addition, an aluminum layer with high reflectivity and low roughness is used as an intermediate layer of the sandwich structure, firstly, the combination of two polyimide films is realized by using the aluminum layer without an adhesive, and the integrity of the reflecting layer is improved, secondly, an adiabatic gradient is formed, namely, the inner layer is an aluminum layer with high thermal reflectivity and high thermal conductivity, the outer layer is coated by the polyimide film with low thermal conductivity, and the effective attenuation of heat radiation and heat transfer is realized through interlayer reflection and obstruction, so that the heat insulation performance of the whole reflecting layer is improved.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer both adopt metal embossing titanium foil structures, namely, the surface of the flat titanium foil structure is provided with bulges distributed in an array mode, the bulges of the hot surface protection layer bulge towards one side far away from the heat insulation layer, and the bulges of the cold surface protection layer bulge towards one side close to the heat insulation layer.
Based on the further optimization of the scheme, the convex shapes of the hot surface protective layer and the cold surface protective layer adopt any one of rice grains, pearl shapes and water drops.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the thickness of the hot surface protection layer and the thickness of the cold surface protection layer are respectively 0.03-0.1 mm, the diameter of each protrusion is 1-2.5 mm, the height of each protrusion is 0.4-1.0 mm, the distance between every two adjacent protrusions is 4-8 mm, and the number of protrusions per unit area in the protection layer (namely the hot surface protection layer or the cold surface protection layer) is 1.5x10 4～6x104.
Through the arrangement of the bulges, firstly, the rigidity of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer is improved by utilizing the strain hardening effect generated in the bulge pressing process, so that the integral rigidity of the protection structure is improved, and the protection of the internal heat insulation layer is realized; secondly, by uniformly distributing the rugged protrusions, wrinkles formed in the forming process of the protective layer are reduced, so that weak points of failure are reduced, damage to the protective layer is avoided, and the liquid infiltration resistance of the whole protective structure is improved; thirdly, through the outwards protrusion of the hot surface protection layer, the reflection surface of the protection structure is converted from specular reflection to lattice diffuse reflection, so that the reflection area of heat is enlarged, and the reflection efficiency is improved; and fifthly, the protrusion of the cold surface protection layer is used for converting the contact between the cold surface protection layer and the heat insulation layer from surface contact to point contact, so that the heat conduction area is reduced, the formation of temperature gathering points is avoided, and the uniform and rapid dissipation of residual heat after blocking is realized. In addition, through the cavity matrix formed between cold face protective layer and the base member, through the little air gap in interlaminar flow field, further promote the escape rate of surplus heat, promote thermal-insulated effect.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the thickness of the thermal resistance layer is 0.5-5 mm, the thermal resistance layer is made of basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, wherein the diameter of basalt fibers is not more than 6 mu m, the mass ratio of basalt fibers to silica aerogel is 1:0.78-1, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt at normal temperature is 0.017-0.020W/(m.K).
The basalt fiber with small diameter is used as the reinforcing fiber of the nano porous silica aerogel, so that the solid heat conduction of the fiber can be effectively limited, the basalt fiber felt has lower heat conduction coefficient, meanwhile, the basalt fiber with short diameter is used for forming a low bulk density preform, the bulk density of the fiber reinforced aerogel composite material is further reduced while the mechanical property of the fiber reinforced aerogel composite material is ensured, the diameter of the fiber preform is close to the wavelength of near infrared radiation, and further, the strong diffraction and scattering effects on the near infrared radiation are generated, so that the high-temperature infrared radiation heat conduction blocking effect is further improved, and in addition, the problems of high brittleness, easy breaking and the like of the pure aerogel can be effectively solved by adding the basalt fiber.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the volume density of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt is 150-170 kg/m 3, the volume density of a prefabricated body formed by basalt fibers is 80-90 kg/m 3, and the silica aerogel density is 70-80 kg/m 3.
Based on further optimization of the scheme, the thickness of the polyimide film on the surface A is 20-30 mu m, the thickness of the aluminized layer is 100-200 nm, and the thickness of the polyimide film on the surface B is 4-6 mu m.
The following effects are achieved by the technical scheme of the invention:
The heat insulation protection structure has the advantages that through the structural design of the hot surface protection layer, the cold surface protection layer and the laminated staggered reflecting layers, the heat resistance layer, the reflecting layers are protected by the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer, the heat insulation layer formed by the heat resistance layer, the reflecting layers are effectively prevented from being infiltrated by external atmosphere, liquid and the like, the heat insulation performance of the heat resistance layer with the nano porous silica aerogel is influenced, the long-term stability and the effectiveness of the heat insulation performance of the protection structure are ensured, and the integration of the protection shell structure is realized through the combination of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer, so that the integrity, the connection reliability, the integral infiltration resistance, the corrosion resistance and the like of the heat insulation protection structure are improved. Meanwhile, the sandwich structure formed by the polyimide film and the aluminum layer is utilized to realize double protection, so that the problems of reflectivity reduction and the like caused by the influence of leaked liquid, gas and the like on the reflective aluminum layer with a smaller thickness are avoided. In addition, the structure of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer is matched with the heat insulation layer, so that the overall heat insulation performance of the protection structure is further improved, the formation of temperature aggregation points is effectively avoided, and the stability and the long-acting performance of heat insulation are ensured. The protective structure disclosed by the application has the advantages of clear overall principle, simplicity, reliability and high light weight degree, can be used for heat insulation protection of special equipment in various fields under the high-temperature environment of 120-350 ℃, and has a wide application range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a heat insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal protection layer of a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 10 parts of a hot surface protection layer, 21 parts of a thermal resistance layer, 22 parts of a reflection layer, 221 parts of an A-side polyimide film, 222 parts of an aluminized layer, 223 parts of a B-side polyimide film and 30 parts of a cold surface protection layer.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Example 1:
A light-weight efficient heat-insulation protection structure is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a hot surface protection layer 10, a heat-insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer 30, wherein the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are of metal embossing titanium foil structures, namely, protrusions (shown in fig. 3) distributed in an array are arranged on the surface of a flat titanium foil structure, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) far away from the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the cold surface protection layer 30 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) close to the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in rice grain shapes, the thicknesses of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are 0.03mm (the thickness of the titanium foil when the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in a flat state), the diameter of the protrusions is 1mm, the height is 0.4mm, the distance between every two adjacent protrusions is 4mm, and the number of protrusions per unit area in the protection layer (namely, the hot surface protection layer 10 or the cold surface protection layer 30) is 6x10 4.
The heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers 21 and reflecting layers 22, the number of the heat resistance layers 21 is n, the number of the reflecting layers 22 is n+1, n is not less than 1 (namely, the reflecting layers 22 are close to the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30, the specific number of the heat resistance layers 21 and the reflecting layers 22 is determined according to the heat insulation effect of practical requirements, for example, a five-layer heat resistance layer 21+six-layer reflecting layer 22 structure is adopted in the embodiment), the thickness of the heat resistance layers 21 is 2mm, the heat resistance layers 21 are basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts, wherein the diameter of basalt fibers is not more than 6 mu m, the mass ratio of the basalt fibers to the silica aerogel is 1:0.78, the heat conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts at normal temperature is 0.020W/(m.K), the volume density of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts is 159.74kg/m 3, the volume density of a prefabricated body formed by basalt fibers is 89.74kg/m 3, and the silica gel gas density is 70kg/m 3.
Referring to FIG. 2, the reflective layer 22 has a sandwich structure formed by an A-side polyimide film 221, an aluminum plating layer 222 and a B-side polyimide film 223, wherein the B-side polyimide film 223 is close to the hot side protective layer 10, the A-side polyimide film 221 is close to the cold side protective layer 30 (namely, the B-side polyimide film 223 is closer to the hot side protective layer 10 and the A-side polyimide film 221 than the A-side polyimide film 221 of the single-layer reflective layer 22), the A-side polyimide film 221 has a thickness of 20 μm, the aluminum plating layer 222 has a thickness of 100nm, and the B-side polyimide film 223 has a thickness of 4 μm.
Example 2:
A light-weight efficient heat-insulation protection structure is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a hot surface protection layer 10, a heat-insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer 30, wherein the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are of metal embossing titanium foil structures, namely, protrusions (shown in fig. 3) distributed in an array are arranged on the surface of a flat titanium foil structure, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) far away from the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the cold surface protection layer 30 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) close to the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in pearl shapes, the thicknesses of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are 0.06mm (the thickness of the titanium foil when the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in a flat state), the diameters of the protrusions are 1.5mm, the heights of the protrusions are 0.7mm, the distance between every two adjacent protrusions is 6mm, and the number of protrusions per unit area in the protection layer (namely, the hot surface protection layer 10 or the cold surface protection layer 30) is 3.8× 10 4.
The heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers 21 and reflecting layers 22, wherein the number of the heat resistance layers 21 is n, the number of the reflecting layers 22 is n+1, n is not less than 1 (namely, the heat resistance layers 21 and the specific number of the reflecting layers 22 are determined according to the heat insulation effect of practical requirements, for example, a five-layer heat resistance layer 21+six-layer reflecting layer 22 structure is adopted in the embodiment), the thickness of the heat resistance layers 21 is 2mm, the heat resistance layers 21 are basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts, wherein the diameter of basalt fibers is not more than 6 mu m, the mass ratio of the basalt fibers to the silica aerogel is 1:0.85, the heat conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts at normal temperature is 0.018W/(m.K), the volume density of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts is 163.24kg/m 3, the volume density of a prefabricated body formed by basalt fibers is 88.24kg/m 3, and the silica gel density is 75kg/m 3.
Referring to FIG. 2, the reflective layer 22 has a sandwich structure formed by an A-side polyimide film 221, an aluminum plating layer 222 and a B-side polyimide film 223, wherein the B-side polyimide film 223 is close to the hot side protective layer 10, the A-side polyimide film 221 is close to the cold side protective layer 30 (namely, the B-side polyimide film 223 is closer to the hot side protective layer 10 and the A-side polyimide film 221 than the A-side polyimide film 221 of the single-layer reflective layer 22), the A-side polyimide film 221 has a thickness of 25 μm, the aluminum plating layer 222 has a thickness of 150nm, and the B-side polyimide film 223 has a thickness of 5 μm.
Example 3:
A light-weight efficient heat-insulation protection structure is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a hot surface protection layer 10, a heat-insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer 30, wherein the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are of metal embossing titanium foil structures, namely, protrusions (shown in fig. 3) distributed in an array are arranged on the surface of a flat titanium foil structure, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) far away from the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the cold surface protection layer 30 protrude towards one side (the upper side shown in fig. 1) close to the heat-insulation layer, the protrusions of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in a water drop shape, the thicknesses of the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are 0.1mm (the thickness of the titanium foil when the hot surface protection layer 10 and the cold surface protection layer 30 are in a flat state), the diameters of the protrusions are 2.5mm, the heights of the protrusions are 1.0mm, the distance between the two adjacent protrusions is 8mm, and the number of protrusions per unit area in the protection layer (namely, the hot surface protection layer 10 or the cold surface protection layer 30) is 1.5x10 4.
The heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers 21 and reflecting layers 22, wherein the number of the heat resistance layers 21 is n, the number of the reflecting layers 22 is n+1, n is not less than 1 (namely, the heat resistance layers 21 and the specific number of the reflecting layers 22 are determined according to the heat insulation effect of practical requirements, for example, a five-layer heat resistance layer 21+six-layer reflecting layer 22 structure is adopted in the embodiment), the thickness of the heat resistance layers 21 is 2mm, the heat resistance layers 21 are basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts, wherein the diameter of basalt fibers is not more than 6 mu m, the mass ratio of basalt fibers to silica aerogel is 1:1, the heat conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts at normal temperature is 0.017W/(m.K), the volume density of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felts is 160kg/m 3, the volume density of a basalt fiber formed prefabricated body is 80kg/m 3, and the silica gel density is 80kg/m 3.
Referring to FIG. 2, the reflective layer 22 has a sandwich structure formed by an A-side polyimide film 221, an aluminum plating layer 222 and a B-side polyimide film 223, wherein the B-side polyimide film 223 is close to the hot side protection layer 10, the A-side polyimide film 221 is close to the cold side protection layer 30 (namely, the B-side polyimide film 223 is closer to the hot side protection layer 10 and the A-side polyimide film 221 than the A-side polyimide film 221 of the single-layer reflective layer 22 is relatively between the B-side polyimide film 223 and the A-side polyimide film 221), the A-side polyimide film 221 has a thickness of 30 μm, the aluminum plating layer 222 has a thickness of 200nm, and the B-side polyimide film 223 has a thickness of 6 μm.
Comparative example 1:
The heat insulation protection structure comprises a hot surface protection layer, a heat insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer, wherein the thickness, the structure, the material and the like of the hot surface protection layer are the same as those in the embodiment 2, namely, the metal embossing titanium foil structure, the thickness of the cold surface protection layer is 0.06mm, and the cold surface protection layer adopts a flat and smooth titanium foil structure. The thermal barrier layer was the same as in example 2 (including thickness, material, number of layers, etc. of the thermal barrier layer and the reflective layer).
Comparative example 2:
The heat insulation protection structure comprises a hot surface protection layer, a heat insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer, wherein the thickness, the structure, the material and the like of the cold surface protection layer are the same as those in the embodiment 2, namely, the heat surface protection layer is of a metal embossing titanium foil structure, the thickness of the hot surface protection layer is 0.06mm, and the hot surface protection layer adopts a flat and smooth titanium foil structure. The thermal barrier layer was the same as in example 2 (including thickness, material, number of layers, etc. of the thermal barrier layer and the reflective layer).
Comparative example 3:
The heat insulation protection structure comprises a hot surface protection layer, a heat insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer, wherein the thickness, the structure, the material and the like of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer are the same as those in the embodiment 2, namely, the metal embossing titanium foil structure, the heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers and reflecting layers, the number of the reflecting layers is n, the number of the heat resistance layers is n+1, n is not less than 1 (namely, the heat resistance layers are close to the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer, the total number of layers of the heat resistance layers and the reflecting layers are the same as those in the embodiment 2), and the thicknesses, the materials and the like of the heat resistance layers and the reflecting layers are the same as those in the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 4:
The heat insulation protection structure comprises a hot surface protection layer, a heat insulation layer and a cold surface protection layer, wherein the thickness, the structure, the material and the like of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer are the same as those of the embodiment 2, namely, the metal embossing titanium foil structure, the heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers and reflecting layers, the number of the heat resistance layers and the number of the reflecting layers are the same as those of the embodiment 2, meanwhile, the thickness, the material and the embodiment 2 of the heat resistance layer 21 are the same, the reflecting layer adopts a smooth and flat aluminum foil structure, and the thickness of the reflecting layer is the same as that of the embodiment 2.
The performance test comprises the steps of fixing the heat insulation protection structure samples (the sizes of the samples are 400mm long and 300mm wide) obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4 on a bracket of a closed cavity of heating equipment, uniformly arranging three temperature measuring points (namely thermocouples) on the cold surface of the samples, continuously collecting the cold surface temperature of the samples through the thermocouples, and under the conditions that the hot surface temperature is 300 ℃, the ambient temperature is 23 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 1 hour (the test conditions of the examples 1-3 are consistent with the rest of the test conditions of the comparative examples 1-4), wherein the test results are shown in the following table:
The heat insulation protection structure has the advantages that the heat insulation performance of the protection structure can be effectively improved by adopting the lamination structure combination of the cold surface protection layer and the hot surface protection layer of the specific structure and the reflecting layer and the heat resistance layer matched with the specific material, the average cold surface temperature of the heat insulation protection structure is not more than 63 ℃ under the long-time (namely, 1 hour) effect of the hot surface temperature of 300 ℃, compared with the heat insulation protection structure prepared in comparative examples 1-4, the average cold surface temperature is obviously reduced (the cold surface temperature in comparative examples 1-4 is 70 ℃ or above), meanwhile, the temperature difference of each temperature measuring point of the heat insulation protection structure prepared in the application is small, the structure can uniformly dissipate heat, no temperature gathering point exists, and the interlayer heat insulation effect of the heat insulation protection structure is indirectly proved to be good.
Claims (2)
1. A light high-efficiency heat insulation protective structure is characterized by comprising a hot surface protective layer, a heat insulation layer and a cold surface protective layer, wherein the heat insulation layer is formed by alternately laminating heat resistance layers and reflecting layers, the number of the heat resistance layers is n, the number of the reflecting layers is n+1, n is not less than 1, the reflecting layers are sandwich structures formed by adopting polyimide films on the surface A, aluminum plating layers and polyimide films on the surface B, the polyimide films on the surface B are close to the hot surface protective layer, the polyimide films on the surface A are close to the cold surface protective layer, the thickness of the polyimide films on the surface A is 20-30 mu m, and the thickness of the polyimide films on the surface B is 4-6 mu m;
The hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer are both of metal embossing titanium foil structures, namely, the surface of the flat titanium foil structure is provided with bulges which are distributed in an array manner, the bulges of the hot surface protection layer bulge towards one side far away from the heat insulation layer, the bulges of the cold surface protection layer bulge towards one side close to the heat insulation layer, the bulges of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer are in any one of rice grain shapes, pearl shapes and water drop shapes, the thicknesses of the hot surface protection layer and the cold surface protection layer are 0.03-0.1 mm, the diameters of the bulges are 1-2.5 mm, the heights of the bulges are 0.4-1.0 mm, the distance between every two adjacent bulges is 4-8 mm, and the number of the bulges per unit area in the hot surface protection layer or the cold surface protection layer is 1.5x10 4～6x104;
The thickness of the thermal resistance layer is 0.5-5 mm, the thermal resistance layer is made of basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt, wherein the diameter of basalt fiber is not more than 6 mu m, the mass ratio of basalt fiber to silica aerogel is 1:0.78-1, and the thermal conductivity coefficient of the basalt fiber reinforced silica aerogel felt at normal temperature is 0.017-0.020W/(m.K).
2. The light efficient heat insulation protection structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the aluminized layer is 100-200 nm.
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| CN1056276A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-11-20 | Atd公司 | Pads containing heat dissipation and thermal isolation areas and laminates with formable |
| CN216993374U (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-07-19 | 浩宇(嘉兴)工程建设有限公司 | Composite anti-corrosion heat-insulation plate |
| CN115230252A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | A kind of aerogel multilayer spacer material and preparation method |
| CN117962417A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-05-03 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A lightweight multifunctional thermal protection structure and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1056276A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1991-11-20 | Atd公司 | Pads containing heat dissipation and thermal isolation areas and laminates with formable |
| CN216993374U (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-07-19 | 浩宇(嘉兴)工程建设有限公司 | Composite anti-corrosion heat-insulation plate |
| CN115230252A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-25 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | A kind of aerogel multilayer spacer material and preparation method |
| CN117962417A (en) * | 2024-01-25 | 2024-05-03 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | A lightweight multifunctional thermal protection structure and preparation method thereof |
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