CN118951288A - A friction stir welding tool for large diameter cylinders - Google Patents
A friction stir welding tool for large diameter cylinders Download PDFInfo
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- CN118951288A CN118951288A CN202411049202.5A CN202411049202A CN118951288A CN 118951288 A CN118951288 A CN 118951288A CN 202411049202 A CN202411049202 A CN 202411049202A CN 118951288 A CN118951288 A CN 118951288A
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- block
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- limiting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/126—Workpiece support, i.e. backing or clamping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于搅拌摩擦焊技术领域，尤其是一种大直径筒体的搅拌摩擦焊焊接工装。本发明包括用于环抱住筒体的外环抱定位装置、用于安装引入块和引出块的安装机构、用于支撑筒体并驱动筒体周向转动的驱动装置以及底板；外环抱定位装置、安装机构和驱动装置均安装在底板上。本发明设计焊接工装与搅拌摩擦焊工艺相适配使用，大大提高了大直径筒体的焊接作业效率以及焊缝质量。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of stir friction welding, and in particular to a stir friction welding welding tool for a large diameter cylinder. The present invention comprises an outer embracing positioning device for embracing the cylinder, a mounting mechanism for mounting an introduction block and an outlet block, a driving device for supporting the cylinder and driving the cylinder to rotate circumferentially, and a bottom plate; the outer embracing positioning device, the mounting mechanism, and the driving device are all mounted on the bottom plate. The welding tool designed by the present invention is compatible with the stir friction welding process, which greatly improves the welding operation efficiency and weld quality of the large diameter cylinder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of friction stir welding, and particularly relates to a friction stir welding tool for a large-diameter cylinder.
Background
Friction welding is a method of completing welding by using heat generated by mutual movement and mutual friction of end surfaces of workpieces to enable the end parts to reach a thermoplastic state and then rapidly upsetting. In the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process, a stirring pin (WELDING PIN) with a cylinder or other shapes (such as a cylinder with threads) stretches into the joint of a workpiece, and the stirring pin is rotated at a high speed to make the stirring pin and the welding workpiece material rub, so that the temperature of the material at the joint is increased and softened, and meanwhile, the material is subjected to friction stir to finish welding. The Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has the characteristics of high welding quality, high welding efficiency, no welding material, energy conservation, environmental protection and the like; meanwhile, the friction stir welding has the technical characteristics of large upsetting force, large expanding force and the like, so that the friction stir welding has wider application range.
When preparing the large diameter barrel, after the barrel is rolled up by the veneer reeling machine, there is a seam in the middle, called a longitudinal seam, and the existing welding of the longitudinal seam adopts a manual arc welding mode, so that the welding mode has low operation efficiency and poor welding seam quality.
Therefore, there is a need for a friction stir welding tool for large diameter barrels that addresses the above-described issues.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a friction stir welding tool for a large-diameter cylinder. The welding tool is matched with the friction stir welding process, so that the welding operation efficiency and the welding seam quality of the large-diameter cylinder are greatly improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a friction stir welding tool for a large-diameter cylinder comprises an outer ring holding and positioning device for holding the cylinder in a ring manner, a mounting mechanism for mounting an inlet block and an outlet block, a driving device for supporting the cylinder and driving the cylinder to circumferentially rotate, and a bottom plate; the outer encircling positioning device, the mounting mechanism and the driving device are all mounted on the bottom plate;
The outer ring holding and positioning device comprises a hoop for encircling the cylinder, a first driving assembly for driving the hoop to open and close along the radial direction and a floating compression assembly for compressing the cylinder; the first driving components are distributed on two sides of the opening end of the anchor ear, and the opening end forms a working gap into which the stirring needle can extend;
the mounting mechanism comprises a weld joint supporting seat, a first fixing device and a second fixing device, and the first fixing device and the second fixing device are respectively mounted on two end parts of the weld joint supporting seat; the first fixing device comprises an adjusting piece for pushing the leading-in block to move towards the welding line, the second fixing device comprises an adjusting component for pushing the leading-out block to move towards the welding line, so that the leading-in block and the leading-out block can apply force to each other to clamp the cylinder body, and at the moment, the adjacent ends of the leading-in block and the leading-out block are respectively abutted against the two end parts of the welding line;
The driving device comprises a frame, a working cavity for placing the cylinder body is formed in the inner cavity of the frame so as to limit the height of the cylinder body, and a plurality of second driving components for driving the cylinder body at the working cavity to generate circumferential rotation and a pre-positioning baffle plate for limiting the cylinder body are arranged in the working cavity; the preset baffle is arranged at the working cavity and is in an arc shape protruding towards the cylinder body.
Preferably, the anchor ear is formed by hinging two semicircular hoop bodies, and the non-hinged ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies form an open end; the driving source of the first driving component is connected with the outer wall of the anchor ear.
Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a first wedge block and a second wedge block with wedge surfaces matched; the first wedge block is connected with the pushing piece, so that the first wedge block can move perpendicular to the welding line; the leading-out block is arranged above the second wedge block along the height direction, and when the pushing piece pushes the first wedge block to act, the second wedge block is pushed upwards due to the matching of the wedge surfaces, so that lift driving action on the leading-out block is generated.
Preferably, the driving device further comprises a plurality of follow-up assemblies distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, and the preset baffle is positioned on the follow-up assemblies; the bottom of the second driving component and the bottom of the follow-up component are both provided with adjusting components for realizing radial height adjustment of the corresponding components; the adjusting component comprises a third wedge block, two fourth wedge blocks and an adjusting screw, wherein the fourth wedge blocks are matched with the wedge surfaces at the bottoms of the third wedge blocks, and the adjusting screw penetrates through the two fourth wedge blocks and enables the two fourth wedge blocks to move oppositely or move away from each other.
Preferably, the first driving component comprises a driving source and a mounting bracket, a through hole is formed in the mounting bracket, and the driving source is movably arranged in the through hole, so that the horizontal swinging action of the driving source is realized; the telescopic end of the driving source extends out of the through hole, the telescopic end of the driving source is fixedly sleeved with the connecting sleeve, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve is hinged with the first hinging seat through the first pin shaft, the outer wall of the opening end of the anchor ear is integrally formed with the push plate, and the first hinging seat is detachably connected with the push plate.
Preferably, the floating compression assembly comprises a plurality of compression strips which are arranged on the inner wall of the hoop at intervals, compression blocks positioned on the inner sides of the opening ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies, and adjusting screws penetrating through the end parts of the opening ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies; one end of the adjusting screw, which is positioned at the inner side of the semicircular hoop body, is fixedly connected with the compression block; one end of the adjusting screw, which is positioned outside the semicircular hoop body, is sleeved with a pre-tightening spring; the compaction block is close to the semicircular hoop the end face of the body is arc-shaped; the opening ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies are provided with wedge surfaces extending from inside to outside, and a plurality of compression blocks are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the semicircular hoop bodies; the driving source is arranged on the second hinging seat, and the second hinging seat is connected with the inner wall of the through hole through the rotating shaft, so that the driving source can horizontally swing; the driving sources are arranged in a plurality along the height direction of the mounting bracket; the hinged ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies are hinged to the supporting ear seat through second pin shafts.
Preferably, the second fixing device further comprises an adjusting fixing seat fixedly connected with the welding seam supporting seat, a second groove is formed in the adjusting fixing seat towards the welding seam, the first wedge block, the second wedge block and the leading-out block are sequentially arranged in the second groove along the length direction of the welding seam, the pushing piece is a rotary screw, a first through hole perpendicular to the welding seam is formed in the adjusting fixing seat, and the rotary screw penetrates through the first through hole and is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole in the first wedge block; the pushing piece is fixedly provided with two first limiting blocks for limiting the pushing piece to generate axial movement, and the two first limiting blocks are distributed at two ends of the first perforation; the bottom of the welding line supporting seat is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate.
Preferably, the first fixing device further comprises a turnover body hinged with the welding seam supporting seat and a fixing assembly for fixing the turnover body, the turnover body is provided with a first groove with an opening facing the welding seam, the introducing block is arranged in the first groove, the adjusting piece is a first jackscrew, and the pushing end of the adjusting piece is arranged in the first groove and is in contact with the introducing block; the fixing assembly comprises a bolt, a bolt limiting seat for limiting the bolt and a bolt fixing seat, the bolt limiting seat is fixed on the overturning body, the bolt fixing seat is fixed on the weld joint supporting seat, and the fixing end of the bolt penetrates through the bolt limiting seat and is detachably connected with the bolt fixing seat; the pin is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring for limiting the pin to generate axial movement, and the limiting ring is arranged in a pin limiting seat; the bolt limiting seat is provided with a second through hole in a penetrating way, the bolt fixing seat is provided with a third through hole, the fixed end of the bolt penetrates through the second through hole and is connected with the third through hole, and the central axis of the third through hole is collinear with the central axis of the second through hole; the bolt fixing seat is provided with a plurality of glass bead screws, one end of each glass bead screw provided with a glass bead is arranged in the third through hole, and the glass bead screws are elastically clamped and connected with clamping grooves embedded in the bolt fixing end; an operating ball is arranged at one end of the bolt far away from the bolt fixing seat; the bolt is also sleeved with a spring, and the spring is connected with one side of the limiting ring, which is close to the bolt fixing seat; a limit screw is also arranged on the overturning body; the weld joint supporting seat is abutted against the non-welding side of the weld joint.
Preferably, the inside of the two fourth wedges is provided with third threaded holes, and the thread directions of the two third threaded holes are opposite; two ends of the adjusting screw are respectively in threaded connection with the two third threaded holes; the driving device further comprises a base, a screw limiting seat is fixedly arranged on the base, two second limiting blocks used for limiting the adjusting screw to generate axial movement are arranged on the adjusting screw, and a screw section of the adjusting screw, which is positioned between the two second limiting blocks, penetrates through the screw limiting seat; one end part of the adjusting screw is in transmission connection with the second driving motor; wedge surfaces at two ends of the bottom of the third wedge block are inclined and extend upwards from inside to outside, and the wedge surface at the top of the fourth wedge block is matched with the wedge surface at the bottom of the third wedge block; and a pressure sensor is arranged on the contact wedge surface of the fourth wedge block and the third wedge block.
Preferably, the second driving assembly comprises a driving roller for supporting the cylinder, a first mounting frame for mounting the driving roller and a first driving motor for driving the driving roller to rotate; the follow-up assembly comprises a follow-up roller for supporting the cylinder body and a second mounting frame for mounting the follow-up roller; the bottom of first mounting bracket and the bottom of second mounting bracket are all kept away from one side fixed connection of fourth voussoir with the third voussoir.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The welding tool provided by the invention can be used in a manner of being matched with a friction stir welding process, so that the welding operation efficiency and the welding quality of the large-diameter cylinder are greatly improved; the outer ring holding and positioning device arranged in the tool is provided with an openable hoop and a first driving assembly; the pressing mechanism is convenient for disassembling the lead-in block and the lead-out block and for adjusting the positions of the lead-in block and the lead-out block by arranging the first fixing device and the second fixing device, so that the lead-in block and the lead-out block can be tightly attached to the cylinder body, and when longitudinal seam welding is carried out, holes can be punched on the lead-in block for welding, and finally the lead-out block is welded, thereby ensuring that all longitudinal seams are welded, improving the welding quality and being convenient to operate; the first driving component can drive the anchor ear to tighten or open, can clamp, position and control the size of barrel longitudinal joint to the barrel, helps guaranteeing friction stir welding's welding effect.
(2) According to the driving device, the cylinder is placed on the driving roller and the follow-up roller, so that the cylinder can be driven to move when the driving roller rotates, the purpose of quick movement of the cylinder is further realized, and the position of a welding seam of the cylinder is kept consistent with the position of a welding needle of the stirring head; an arc-shaped preset baffle is arranged, so that the cylinder can be guided to be placed quickly, and the cylinder can be limited to avoid moving out; through rotating adjusting screw, drive two fourth voussoirs and remove in opposite directions or deviate from, be convenient for adjust the height of barrel, can make the longitudinal weld of waiting to weld the work piece perpendicular with the horizontal plane, and then be favorable to guaranteeing the welding effect.
(3) The pressing mechanism is provided with the two wedge-shaped first wedges and the two wedge-shaped second wedges, so that when the pushing piece (the rotary screw) rotates, the first wedges can move along the direction perpendicular to the length direction of the welding line, the second wedges are pushed to move along the length direction of the welding line, the leading-out blocks can move along the length direction of the welding line, the leading-out blocks are convenient to be tightly attached to the end parts of the welding line, and the second fixing device is arranged vertically to facilitate the force application of the first wedges, so that the leading-out blocks move towards the welding line.
(4) The follow-up component can assist the second driving component to drive the cylinder to move, so that the cylinder can move easily; the plug pin limiting seat and the plug pin fixing seat are arranged, so that the assembly and disassembly of the lead-in block are more convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved; the bolt can be separated from and fixed only by pulling or pushing the operating ball, so that the loading and unloading of the introducing block are more convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
(5) The arc-shaped compression block provided by the invention enables the compression block to swing, so that the compression block can be better attached to the cylinder; the compressing block is convenient to be tightly attached to the anchor ear through the pre-tightening of the pre-tightening spring; the adjusting screw who sets up is convenient for screw up the compact heap, increases compact heap and barrel area of contact, has guaranteed the clamp force.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the outer encircling positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first driving assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the external encircling positioning device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the compaction block according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the mounting mechanism of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a weld support stand according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of an introduction block of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a latch stop according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fixing base of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a driving device according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a second driving assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second driving assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the follower assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a follower assembly according to the present invention.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures is as follows:
The outer ring holding and positioning device comprises a 1-outer ring holding and positioning device, a 11-holding hoop, a 111-push plate, a 112-semicircular hoop body, a 12-first driving assembly, a 121-driving source, a 122-mounting bracket, a 1221-through hole, a 123-connecting sleeve, a 124-first hinging seat, a 131-compressing strip, a 132-compressing block, a 133-adjusting screw, a 134-pre-tightening spring, a 14-supporting ear seat and a 15-second hinging seat;
2-mounting mechanism, 21-weld support, 22-lead-in block, 23-lead-out block, 24-first fixture, 241-swivel, 2411-first groove, 242-adjuster, 243-limit screw, 25-securing assembly, 251-plug limit seat, 2511-second aperture, 252-plug mount, 2521-third aperture, 253-plug, 2531-clamping slot, 26-bead screw, 27-second fixture, 271-adjust mount, 2711-second groove, 272-adjusting assembly, 2721-pusher, 2722-first wedge, 2723-second wedge, 273-first threaded hole, 274-first stopper, 275-first aperture, 28-operating ball, 291-stop ring;
3-driving device, 31-second driving component, 311-driving roller, 312-first driving motor, 313-first mounting frame, 32-follow-up component, 321-follow-up roller, 322-preset baffle, 323-second mounting frame, 33-adjusting component, 331-third wedge, 332-fourth wedge, 3321-third threaded hole, 333-adjusting screw, 3331-second limiting block, 334-screw limiting seat and 34-base;
4-a bottom plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, wherein all other examples, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are included in the scope of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the friction stir welding tool for the large-diameter cylinder can be applied to weld joint positioning, clamping, supporting, adjusting and the like during Friction Stir Welding (FSW) of the cylinder with large diameter and large wall thickness (the outer diameter is about 2 meters, the thickness is 52mm and other specifications). The welding tool comprises an outer ring holding and positioning device 1 capable of holding the cylinder, a mounting mechanism 2 for mounting the lead-in block 22 and the lead-out block 23, a welding line for clamping the cylinder, a driving device 3 for driving the cylinder to rotate and a bottom plate 4. The outer encircling positioning device 1, the mounting mechanism 2 and the driving device 3 are all mounted on the bottom plate 4.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the outer ring holding and positioning device 1:
including staple bolt 11, first drive assembly 12 and unsteady subassembly that compresses tightly, first drive assembly 12 distributes in the both sides of staple bolt 11 open end, and the open end constitutes the working gap that can supply the puddler to stretch into, and staple bolt 11 includes two semicircle hoop bodies 112, and the articulated end of two semicircle hoop bodies 112 all articulates on supporting ear seat 14 through the second round pin axle, and the non-articulated end of two semicircle hoop bodies 112 is the open end, and the open end of two semicircle hoop bodies 112 has the wedge face by inside-out extension, and the open end is "eight" font, is convenient for increase welded activity space, and then is convenient for aim at the longitudinal joint and welds.
The first driving assembly 12 comprises a driving source 121 and a mounting bracket 122, and the bottom of the mounting bracket 122 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 4; the mounting bracket 122 is provided with a through hole 1221, the driving source 121 is mounted on the second hinging seat 15, and the second hinging seat 15 is connected with the inner wall of the through hole 1221 through a rotating shaft, so that the driving source 121 can rotate on a horizontal plane; the telescopic end of the driving source 121 extends out of the through hole 1221, the telescopic end of the driving source 121 is fixedly sleeved with the connecting sleeve 123, the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 123 is hinged with the first hinging seat 124 through the first pin shaft, the push plate 111 is arranged on the outer wall of the opening end of the hoop 11, and the first hinging seat 124 is detachably connected with the threaded hole on the push plate 111 through a screw. The driving source 121 is provided with a plurality of clamping hoops 11 along the height direction of the mounting bracket 122, which is convenient for flexible clamping.
Because the welding seam position is very stressed during welding, the push plate 111 of the anchor ear 11 adopts a mode of integrally machining parts, namely the push plate 111 and the anchor ear 11 are integrally formed and are of a solid structure, and the problem of insufficient connection strength caused by welding quality can be avoided.
The floating compression assembly comprises a plurality of compression strips 131 which are arranged on the inner wall of the hoop 11 at intervals, compression blocks 132 which are positioned on the inner sides of the opening ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies 112, and adjusting screws 133 which penetrate through the end parts of the opening ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies 112, wherein one end of each adjusting screw 133 positioned on the inner side of each semicircular hoop body 112 is fixedly connected with each compression block 132. The plurality of the pressing blocks 132 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the semicircular hoop body 112, so that the pressing blocks 132 can be fully contacted with the cylinder. The end surface of the compression block 132, which is close to the semicircular hoop body 112, is arc-shaped, so that the compression block 132 can swing, and the compression block 132 can be conveniently attached to the cylinder body better.
When the compression block 132 is not in contact with the cylinder, the adjustment screw 133 is screwed down, and the adjustment screw 133 drives the compression block 132 to approach the cylinder until the compression block 132 is in contact with the cylinder, so that the compression block 132 is in contact with the cylinder, and the compression force is ensured. One end of the adjusting screw 133, which is positioned outside the semicircular hoop body 112, is sleeved with a pre-tightening spring 134, and the compressing block 132 is conveniently attached to the hoop through pre-tightening of the pre-tightening spring 134.
In operation, the driving source 121 is an oil cylinder, the mounting bracket 122 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1221, the oil cylinder is arranged in the through holes 1221, and the oil cylinder can rotate along the rotating shaft; and the first hinging seat 124 and the connecting sleeve 123 are reserved with a floating gap up and down, so that the degree of freedom of the oil cylinder is ensured, and mutual interference is prevented. The anchor ear 11 can rotate around the rotating shaft under the drive of the oil cylinder, when the two semicircular hoop bodies 112 are tightened (folded), the cylinder is tightly pressed by a plurality of pressing blocks 132 and a plurality of pressing strips 131 distributed on the anchor ear 11, and gaskets can be arranged between the pressing strips 131 and the anchor ear 11 for adjustment, so that the pressing strips 131 are fully contacted with the cylinder.
As shown in fig. 6-10, the mounting mechanism 2:
For fixing and pushing the lead-in block 22 and the lead-out block 23. The mechanism comprises a weld support 21, a first fixing device 24 and a second fixing device 27. The bottom of the weld joint supporting seat 21 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate 4; the first fixing means 24 comprise a turnover body 241, a fixing assembly 25 for fixing the turnover body 241 and an adjusting piece 242; the second fixing device 27 includes an adjustment fixing seat 271 fixedly connected with the bead support seat 21 and an adjustment assembly 272 for moving the lead-out block 23 in the direction of the bead so that the lead-in block 22 and the lead-out block 23 can be forced against each other to clamp the cylinder, and at this time, adjacent ends of the lead-in block 22 and the lead-out block 23 are respectively abutted against both end portions of the bead.
Specifically, the turnover body 241 is disposed at the top of the weld joint supporting seat 21 and hinged with the weld joint supporting seat 21 through a rotating shaft, a first groove 2411 with an opening facing the weld joint is formed in the turnover body 241, and the introducing block 22 is fixed in the first groove 2411 through a third jackscrew on the side wall of the first groove 2411; the adjusting fixing seat 271 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the welding line supporting seat 21 and the side wall of the welding line non-welding surface, and the overturning body 241 and the adjusting fixing seat 271 are positioned on the same side wall of the welding line supporting seat 21.
As shown in fig. 6 to 7, when welding the weld in the vertical direction, the side surface of the weld support base 21 is in the shape of a right trapezoid, and the side wall surface of the right-angle side of the weld support base 21 is an arc surface, that is, the side wall of the weld support base 21 located between the lead-in block 22 and the lead-out block 23, so that the contact surface of the weld support base 21 and the weld is more adhered, and the side wall is used to abut against the non-welding side of the weld. When welding the weld in the horizontal direction, the weld support base 21 may have a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape.
As shown in fig. 8-9, the adjusting member 242 is a first jackscrew, and the turning body 241 is in a 7 shape, that is, the turning body 241 is composed of a transverse plate and a vertical plate, the transverse plate is perpendicular to the length direction of the weld, and the vertical plate is parallel to the length direction of the weld. The first groove 2411 is located on the riser, the opening of the first groove 2411 is in a "U" shape towards the welding seam, a first threaded hole is formed in the riser in a penetrating mode in the first groove 2411, the first jackscrew penetrates through the first groove 2411 and is in threaded connection with the first threaded hole, the first threaded hole is formed along the length of the welding seam, and when the first jackscrew is screwed, the end portion of the first jackscrew pushes the introducing block 22 to move along the length of the welding seam, and then the introducing block 22 is attached to the end portion of the welding seam. Meanwhile, the shape of the introducing block 22 is matched with the shape of the first groove 2411, and the two side walls of the first groove 2411 are respectively connected with a third jackscrew through threads, and the end part of the third jackscrew is in contact with the introducing block 22, so that the introducing block 22 is further fixed after the introducing block 22 is attached to the end part of the welding line.
The fixing assembly 25 comprises a bolt 253, a bolt limiting seat 251 for limiting the bolt 253, and a bolt fixing seat 252; the bolt fixing base 252 is fixed on two side walls of the weld joint supporting base 21, and one end of the bolt 253 penetrates through the bolt limiting base 251 to be detachably connected with the bolt fixing base 252.
The two outer side walls of the vertical plate of the turning body 241 are fixedly provided with a plug limiting seat 251, the plug limiting seat 251 is provided with a second perforation 2511, the plug fixing seat 252 is provided with a third perforation 2521, the fixed end of the plug 253 penetrates through the second perforation 2511 to be connected with the third perforation 2521, the central axis of the third perforation 2521 is collinear with the central axis of the second perforation 2511, the plug 253 is fixedly sleeved with a limiting ring 291, the apertures of the two ends of the second perforation 2511 are smaller than the aperture of the middle section of the second perforation 2511, the outer diameter of the limiting ring 291 is larger than the aperture of the end part of the second perforation 2511, and the outer diameter of the limiting ring 291 is smaller than the aperture of the middle section of the second perforation 2511, so that the limiting ring 291 is limited in the second perforation 2511, and the plug 253 is prevented from falling out of the plug limiting seat 251; the bolt fixing seat 252 is provided with a plurality of bead screws 26 (bead screws), one end of each bead screw 26 provided with a bead is arranged in the corresponding third through hole 2521, each bead screw 26 is elastically clamped and connected with a clamping groove 2531 embedded in the fixing end of each bolt 253, and when each bolt 253 is inserted into the corresponding third through hole 2521, the bead on each bead screw 26 (bead screw) is clamped into the corresponding clamping groove 2531 on each bolt 253, so that the limiting effect is achieved.
The one end that bolt 253 kept away from bolt fixing base 252 is equipped with operating ball 28, and the size of operating ball 28 is greater than the diameter of bolt 253, is convenient for pull bolt 253, improves the convenience of using.
The bolt 253 is also sleeved with a spring, and the spring is positioned in the second through hole 2511 and positioned at one side of the limiting ring 291 close to the bolt fixing seat 252; when the introducing block 22 needs to be fixed, the operating ball 28 is pushed, so that the clamping groove 2531 on the bolt 253 is clamped with the glass bead screw 26, and the spring is in a compressed state; when the welding is completed, the operating ball 28 is pulled, the bolt 253 is separated from the bolt fixing seat 252 under the action of the spring, and the bolt 253 retreats, so that the interference between the bolt 253 and the bolt fixing seat 252 is avoided.
The turning body 241 is further provided with a limit screw 243, the limit screw 243 is mounted on the transverse plate of the turning body 241, after the turning body 241 is turned down, the limit screw 243 on the limit screw 243 contacts with the top surface of the weld joint supporting seat 21 to play a role in limiting and adjusting positions, and by screwing the limit screw 243, the central axis of the bolt 253 is enabled to coincide with the central axis of the third through hole 2521, the position of the turning body 241 along the length direction of the weld joint is limited, and the bolt 253 can be accurately inserted into the third through hole 2521.
Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 10, the adjusting fixing base 27 is provided with a second groove 2711 opened toward the welding seam, and the adjusting component 272 and the extracting block 23 are sequentially arranged in the second groove 2711 along the length direction of the welding seam.
The adjustment assembly 272 includes a pusher 2721 (which may be a rotary screw), a first wedge 2722, and a second wedge 2723, with the wedge surfaces of the first wedge 2722 and the second wedge 2723 contacting each other being adapted such that the first wedge 2722 and the second wedge 2723 form a square. The first wedge 2722, the second wedge 2723 and the leading-out block 23 are sequentially arranged in the second groove 2711 along the length direction of the welding seam, and the contact surface of the second wedge 2723 and the leading-out block 23 is a plane, so that when the second wedge 2723 moves, the stable movement of the leading-out block 23 is ensured.
The adjusting fixing seat 271 is also provided with a first perforation 275 perpendicular to the welding seam, and a rotary screw penetrates through the first perforation 275 and is in threaded connection with a first threaded hole 273 on the first wedge 2722; the two first limiting blocks 274 are fixedly arranged on the rotary screw, the two first limiting blocks 274 are distributed at two ends of the first through hole 275, so that when the rotary screw is screwed, the rotary screw only rotates, the first wedge 2722 in threaded connection with the rotary screw can move along the length direction perpendicular to the welding seam, and further the second wedge 2723 is pushed to move along the length direction of the welding seam, and the leading-out block 23 moves along the length direction of the welding seam.
A plurality of second threaded holes are formed in the side wall of the second groove 2711 in a penetrating mode, the second threaded holes are in threaded connection with second jackscrews, the end portions of the second jackscrews are in contact with the leading-out blocks 23, and the leading-out blocks 23 can be fixed in the second groove 2711 by screwing the second jackscrews.
As shown in fig. 11-15, the driving device 3:
Including frame, a plurality of second drive assembly 31, a plurality of follower assembly 32, a plurality of adjusting part 33, thereby pre-positioning baffle 322 and base 34, the frame inner chamber constitutes and supplies the barrel to put into the working chamber that thereby defines the barrel height, a plurality of second drive assembly 31 are arranged in working chamber wall department for drive working chamber department barrel produces circumferential direction rotation, the bottom of second drive assembly 31 and the bottom of follower assembly 32 all are equipped with adjusting part 33, adjusting part 33 can carry out the altitude mixture control to corresponding second drive assembly 31 and follower assembly 32, a plurality of adjusting part 33 are installed on corresponding base 34, the bottom fixed mounting of base 34 is on bottom plate 4.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 11-15, the second driving assembly 31 is composed of a driving roller 311, a first mounting frame 313 and a first driving motor 312, wherein the first driving motor 312 is connected with the driving roller 311 through a coupling to drive the driving roller 311 to rotate; the driving roller 311 is mounted on the first mounting frame 313.
The follower assembly 32 is composed of a follower roller 321 and a second mounting frame 323, and the follower roller 321 is mounted on the second mounting frame 323. The pre-positioning baffle 322 may be mounted on the side of the second mounting frame 323 or the side of the first mounting frame 313, and the pre-positioning baffle 322 has an arc shape protruding toward the cylinder direction, which facilitates the placement of the guide cylinder on the driving roller 311 and the follower roller 321. The follower roller 321 can rotate with the rotation of the driving roller 311. The plurality of driving rollers 311 and the plurality of follower rollers 321 are arranged along the length (perimeter) direction of the cylinder, and the bottom of the cylinder is arranged on the plurality of driving rollers 311 and the plurality of follower rollers 321 and moves along with the rotation of the driving rollers 311 and the rotation of the follower rollers 321.
Further, as shown in fig. 13 and 15, the adjusting component 33 is composed of a third wedge 331, two fourth wedges 332 adapted to the wedge surfaces at the bottom of the third wedge 331, and an adjusting screw 333, wherein the third wedge 331 is disposed at the top of the two fourth wedges 332, the wedge surfaces at the two ends of the bottom of the third wedge 331 are inclined from inside to outside and upward, and the wedge surfaces at the top of the fourth wedge 332 are adapted to the wedge surfaces at the bottom of the third wedge 331, so that when the two fourth wedges 332 relatively move or deviate from each other, the height of the third wedge 331 can be adjusted.
Further, the inside of the two fourth wedges 332 is provided with third threaded holes 3321, and the directions of the threads of the two third threaded holes 3321 are opposite; two ends of the adjusting screw 333 are respectively in threaded connection with two third threaded holes 3321; the adjusting screw 333 penetrates the two fourth wedges 332 and moves the two fourth wedges 332 toward or away from each other. The two fourth wedges 332 are respectively located at two ends of the top of the base 34, a screw limiting seat 334 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top of the base 34, two second limiting blocks 3331 are arranged on the adjusting screw 333, and a screw section of the adjusting screw 333 located between the two second limiting blocks 3331 penetrates through the screw limiting seat 334 and is used for limiting the adjusting screw 333 to generate axial movement. One end of the adjusting screw 333 is in transmission connection with a second driving motor, a pressure sensor is arranged on the contact wedge surface of the fourth wedge 332 and the third wedge 331, the second driving motor drives the adjusting screw 333 to rotate, and the two fourth wedges 332 can automatically move simultaneously.
The operation of the device will be described in detail with reference to the drawings in the embodiments.
The second driving motor drives the adjusting screw 333 to rotate, and the two fourth wedges 332 simultaneously move towards the middle (outwards), so that the third wedge 331 moves upwards (downwards), and high (low) adjustment is realized; the driving roller 311 is mounted on the corresponding third wedge block 331, the follow-up roller 321 is mounted on the corresponding third wedge block 331, the first driving motor 312 drives the driving roller 311 to rotate, and overall height adjustment and rotation of the driving roller 311 and the follow-up roller 321 can be realized: the height adjustment ensures that each roller can be contacted with the cylinder, ensures the contact force and can realize levelness adjustment of the cylinder, thereby ensuring the perpendicularity of the longitudinal weld; the rotation can realize the rotation of the cylinder body, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the longitudinal seam of the cylinder body.
And the height self-adaptive adjusting mode comprises the following steps: the second driving motor of the adjusting screw 333 can be matched with a displacement sensor in the height direction, so that the second driving motor of the adjusting screw 333 can automatically rotate; when the target height is changed, the second driving motor can automatically rotate to enable the driving roller 311 or the following roller 321 to achieve self-adaptive adjustment of the target height; the constant pressure contact force control of the contact surface of the driving roller 311 or the following roller 321 can be realized by matching with a pressure sensor and the like: when the pressure sensor is configured, the third wedge 331 can be set to be 2 parts, a mounting position of the pressure sensor is added between the 2 parts, and the pressure sensor can receive a pressure signal in the vertical direction;
A guide mechanism is arranged between the third wedge block 331 and the fourth wedge block 332, and the restriction in the vertical direction can be realized by means of the dead weight of the cylinder body or the locking screw; a pre-pressing spring may be disposed, and the pre-pressing spring may be mounted on the upper plane of the third wedge 331, so that the pre-pressing spring applies an elastic force to the third wedge 331 to achieve the attachment of the third wedge 331 and the fourth wedge 332.
The mechanism can be horizontally used after being rotated by 90 degrees, and the position adjustment of the horizontal position (not used in the working condition) is realized.
A spring mechanism can be added between the third wedge block 331 and the driving roller 311 to realize flexible contact control of the driving roller 311: the third wedge 331 can be set to 2 parts, a spring mounting position is added between the 2 parts, the contact force between the driving roller 311 and the cylinder is transmitted by the spring, and the driving roller 311 and the cylinder can be ensured to be always contacted even if the height of the cylinder is slightly changed due to the fact that the spring can be stretched and compressed, so that flexible contact control is realized.
When the invention is applied to friction stir welding of a cylinder body, the position of a welding line is adjusted by adjusting the height and rotating, so that the longitudinal joint of the cylinder body is vertical to the horizontal plane.
The working process of the tool is described in detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments.
Before discharging, the two semicircular hoop bodies 112 are synchronously opened, the cylinder body is placed into a clamp by a lifting tool (coarse positioning is carried out through a preset baffle 322 on a follow-up assembly 32 below the cylinder body), and the cylinder drives the hoop 11 to tightly hold the cylinder body, so that the initial positioning of the cylinder body is realized; the hoop 11 is opened again, the first driving motor 312 drives the driving roller 311 to rotate, so that the cylinder is driven to rotate, and after the welding seam rotates in place, the welding seam position detection sensor gives out a signal, and the rotation of the cylinder is stopped; meanwhile, a welding seam position sensor works to detect whether the welding seam is inclined, when the welding seam is inclined, software calculates the height to be adjusted at the position of the adjusting component 33 through an algorithm, and the adjusting component 33 realizes automatic height adjustment through motor driving (or can manually adjust the adjusting component 33) so as to adjust the welding seam to a position vertical to a horizontal plane; the hoop 11 is clasped again, and the positioning and clamping of the cylinder are completed;
the first fixing device 24 and the second fixing device 27 are respectively provided with the leading-in block 22 and the leading-out block 23, and after the fixing is finished, the welding can be realized;
after the welding is completed, the leading-in block 22 and the leading-out block 23 are loosened;
the anchor ear 11 is automatically opened, and the cylinder is taken out; the next duty cycle is performed.
The tool can meet the welding requirement of the longitudinal joint FSW (friction stir welding) of the aluminum cylinder body with the outer diameter phi 1935mm, the wall thickness 52mm and the height 760 mm. The key points of the tool are as follows: structural strength and rigidity, and meets the welding process requirements of the aluminum parts with large welding depth of 52 mm. (a welding depth of 52mm has a great upsetting force and a spreading force at the time of welding).
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A friction stir welding frock of major diameter barrel, its characterized in that: comprises an outer ring holding and positioning device (1) for holding the cylinder body in a ring, a mounting mechanism (2) for mounting an inlet block (22) and an outlet block (23), a driving device (3) for supporting the cylinder body and driving the cylinder body to rotate circumferentially and a bottom plate (4); the outer ring holding and positioning device (1), the mounting mechanism (2) and the driving device (3) are all mounted on the bottom plate (4);
The outer ring holding and positioning device (1) comprises a holding hoop (11) for encircling the cylinder, a first driving assembly (12) for driving the holding hoop (11) to open and close along the radial direction, and a floating compression assembly for compressing the cylinder; the first driving components (12) are distributed on two sides of the opening end of the hoop (11), and the opening end forms a working gap into which the stirring needle can extend;
The mounting mechanism (2) comprises a welding seam supporting seat (21), a first fixing device (24) and a second fixing device (27), wherein the first fixing device (24) and the second fixing device (27) are respectively mounted on two end parts of the welding seam supporting seat (21); the first fixing device (24) comprises an adjusting piece (242) for pushing the leading-in block (22) to move towards the welding seam, the second fixing device (27) comprises an adjusting component (272) for pushing the leading-out block (23) to move towards the welding seam, so that the leading-in block (22) and the leading-out block (23) can apply force to each other to clamp the cylinder body, and at the moment, the adjacent ends of the leading-in block (22) and the leading-out block (23) are respectively abutted against the two ends of the welding seam;
The driving device (3) comprises a frame, a working cavity for placing the cylinder body is formed in the inner cavity of the frame so as to limit the height of the cylinder body, a plurality of second driving components (31) for driving the cylinder body at the working cavity to generate circumferential rotation and a pre-positioning baffle plate (322) for limiting the cylinder body are arranged in the working cavity; the pre-positioning baffle plate (322) is arranged at the working cavity and is in an arc shape protruding towards the cylinder body.
2. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor ear (11) is formed by hinging two semicircular hoop bodies (112), and the non-hinged ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies (112) form the open end; the driving source (121) of the first driving assembly (12) is connected with the outer wall of the anchor ear (11).
3. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting component (272) comprises a first wedge block (2722) and a second wedge block (2723) with wedge surfaces matched; the first wedge block (2722) is connected with the pushing piece (2721) so that the first wedge block (2722) can move perpendicular to the welding line; the leading-out block (23) is arranged above the second wedge block (2723) along the height direction, and when the pushing piece (2721) pushes the first wedge block (2722) to act, the second wedge block (2723) is pushed upwards due to the cooperation of wedge surfaces, so that lift driving action of the leading-out block (23) is generated.
4. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 1, wherein: the driving device (3) further comprises a plurality of follow-up assemblies (32) which are distributed along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body, and the pre-positioning baffle plate (322) is positioned on the follow-up assemblies (32); the bottom of the second driving assembly (31) and the bottom of the follow-up assembly (32) are both provided with adjusting assemblies (33) for realizing radial height adjustment of the corresponding assemblies; the adjusting assembly (33) comprises a third wedge block (331), two fourth wedge blocks (332) which are matched with wedge surfaces at the bottom of the third wedge block (331) and an adjusting screw (333), wherein the adjusting screw (333) penetrates through the two fourth wedge blocks (332) and enables the two fourth wedge blocks (332) to move towards each other or away from each other.
5. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 1, wherein: the first driving assembly (12) comprises a driving source (121) and a mounting bracket (122), the bottom of the mounting bracket (122) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (4), a through hole (1221) is formed in the mounting bracket (122), and the driving source (121) is movably arranged in the through hole (1221), so that the horizontal swinging motion of the driving source (121) is realized; the telescopic end of the driving source (121) extends out of the through hole (1211), the telescopic end of the driving source (121) is fixedly sleeved with the connecting sleeve (123), the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (123) is hinged with the first hinging seat (124), the push plate (111) is integrally formed on the outer wall of the opening end of the hoop (11), and the first hinging seat (124) is detachably connected with the push plate (111).
6. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 2, wherein: the floating compression assembly comprises a plurality of compression strips (131) which are arranged on the inner wall of the hoop (11) at intervals, compression blocks (132) which are positioned on the inner sides of the open ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies (112), and adjusting screws (133) which penetrate through the end parts of the open ends of the two semicircular hoop bodies (112); one end of the adjusting screw (133) positioned at the inner side of the semicircular hoop body (112) is fixedly connected with the compression block (132); one end of the adjusting screw (133) positioned at the outer side of the semicircular hoop body (112) is sleeved with a pre-tightening spring (134); the end face of the compaction block (132) close to the semicircular hoop body (112) is arc-shaped.
7. A friction stir welding tool for large diameter barrels according to claim 3, wherein: the second fixing device (27) further comprises an adjusting fixing seat (271) fixedly connected with the welding seam supporting seat (21), a second groove (2711) is formed in the adjusting fixing seat (271) towards the welding seam, the first wedge block (2722), the second wedge block (2723) and the leading-out block (23) are sequentially arranged in the second groove (2711) along the length direction of the welding seam, the pushing piece (2721) is a rotary screw, a first perforation (275) perpendicular to the welding seam is formed in the adjusting fixing seat (271), and the rotary screw penetrates through the first perforation (275) to be in threaded connection with a first threaded hole (273) in the first wedge block (2722); two first limiting blocks (274) for limiting the pushing piece (2721) to generate axial movement are fixedly arranged on the pushing piece (2721), and the two first limiting blocks (274) are distributed at two ends of the first perforation (275); the bottom of the welding seam supporting seat (21) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (4).
8. A friction stir welding tool for large diameter barrels according to claim 3, wherein: the first fixing device (24) further comprises a turnover body (241) hinged with the welding seam supporting seat (21) and a fixing assembly (25) used for fixing the turnover body (241), a first groove (2411) with an opening facing the welding seam is formed in the turnover body (241), the introducing block (22) is arranged in the first groove (2411), the adjusting piece (242) is a first jackscrew, and the pushing end of the adjusting piece (242) is arranged in the first groove (2411) and is in contact with the introducing block (22); the fixing assembly (25) comprises a bolt (253), a bolt limiting seat (251) for limiting the bolt (253) and a bolt fixing seat (252), wherein the bolt limiting seat (251) is fixed on the overturning body (241), the bolt fixing seat (252) is fixed on the welding line supporting seat (21), and the fixed end of the bolt (253) penetrates through the bolt limiting seat (251) and is detachably connected with the bolt fixing seat (252); a limiting ring (291) for limiting the axial movement of the bolt (253) is fixedly sleeved on the bolt (253), and the limiting ring (291) is arranged in a bolt limiting seat (251); the plug pin limiting seat (251) is provided with a second through hole (2511) in a penetrating mode, the plug pin fixing seat (252) is provided with a third through hole (2521), the fixed end of the plug pin (253) penetrates through the second through hole (2511) to be connected with the third through hole (2521), and the central axis of the third through hole (2521) is collinear with the central axis of the second through hole (2511).
9. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 4, wherein: the inside of the two fourth wedges (332) is provided with third threaded holes (3321), and the thread directions of the two third threaded holes (3321) are opposite; two ends of the adjusting screw rod (333) are respectively in threaded connection with two third threaded holes (3321); the driving device (3) further comprises a base (34), and the bottom of the base (34) is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate (4); the base (34) is fixedly provided with a screw limiting seat (334), the adjusting screw (333) is provided with two second limiting blocks (3331) for limiting the adjusting screw (333) to generate axial movement, and a screw section of the adjusting screw (333) between the two second limiting blocks (3331) penetrates through the screw limiting seat (334); wedge surfaces at two ends of the bottom of the third wedge block (331) are inclined and extend upwards from inside to outside, and the wedge surface at the top of the fourth wedge block (332) is matched with the wedge surface at the bottom of the third wedge block (331); a pressure sensor is arranged on the contact wedge surface of the fourth wedge block (332) and the third wedge block (331).
10. The friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinders according to claim 4, wherein: the second driving assembly (31) comprises a driving roller (311) for supporting the cylinder, a first mounting frame (313) for mounting the driving roller (311) and a first driving motor (312) for driving the driving roller (311) to rotate; the follow-up assembly (32) comprises a follow-up roller (321) for supporting the cylinder body and a second mounting frame (323) for mounting the follow-up roller (321); the bottom of the first installation frame (313) and the bottom of the second installation frame (323) are fixedly connected with one side, far away from the fourth wedge block (332), of the third wedge block (331).
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| CN202411049202.5A CN118951288B (en) | 2024-08-01 | 2024-08-01 | Friction stir welding tool for large-diameter cylinder |
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| CN116921840A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-10-24 | 北京长征火箭装备科技有限公司 | Vertical friction stir welding assembly welding system for large-diameter ultra-long common-bottom storage tank |
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| US6450395B1 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2002-09-17 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for friction stir welding tubular members |
| US20180221984A1 (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-08-09 | Acergy France SAS | Repair of Pipeline Welds Using Friction Stir Processing |
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