CN119011355B - Doppler estimation method and device for MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication based on multiple high-energy pilots - Google Patents
Doppler estimation method and device for MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication based on multiple high-energy pilots Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method and device based on multiple high-energy pilots, wherein the method comprises the steps of inserting multiple high-energy pilots into subcarriers of an OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals, distributing the high-energy pilots of multiple transmission data streams at intervals, responding to a receiving end to receive signals subjected to frequency selective fading, dividing an in-band frequency spectrum of the receiving signals into multiple intervals equal to the number of the high-energy pilots, searching energy highest frequency points in the intervals of all the high-energy pilots of each transmission data stream to calculate frequency domain Doppler factors, and calculating time domain Doppler factors of the transmission data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factors by utilizing the relation among time-frequency domain stretching compression factors. According to the application, a plurality of high-energy pilot frequencies with equal intervals are inserted into the OFDM transmitting data block, the Doppler factors are reversely solved by utilizing the frequency shift of the high-energy pilot frequencies at the receiving end, and the large-range low-complexity estimation of the Doppler factors of different data streams can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of underwater acoustic communication, in particular to a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method and device based on multiple high-energy pilot frequencies.
Background
The ocean is a cradle for inoculating life, and is a huge resource treasury. The development and utilization of ocean resources have important significance for relieving the status quo of resource shortage and promoting national economy development. With the increasing number of underwater application devices in recent years, the marine information transmission requirements have grown substantially. The underwater acoustic communication is a main mode of underwater medium-and-long-distance information transmission, and plays an important role in the fields of submarine resource detection, marine environment development, military, national defense and the like.
MIMO-OFDM technology, which combines a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) technology and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, OFDM) technology, can obtain an extremely high communication rate by fully utilizing space-time frequency resources, but is sensitive to doppler effect, and in the case of relative motion between transceivers, orthogonality between subcarriers is destroyed, thereby generating inter-carrier interference (ICI), which ultimately leads to an increase in bit error rate and a decrease in communication performance. The doppler estimation technique is therefore very important for MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication systems.
In MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication, there are two methods of doppler estimation commonly used in practice. First, hyperbolic Frequency Modulation (HFM) signals are inserted into the frame head and the frame tail as leading and trailing signals, respectively, and Doppler factors are estimated by using the variation of the relative time delay of the leading and trailing signals in the received signals. However, the estimation result of the method is the average Doppler factor of the whole data frame, the Doppler factor of each OFDM data block cannot be tracked, and the Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams cannot be distinguished. And secondly, inserting m sequences at the frame head, respectively correlating the m sequences stretched and compressed by different Doppler factors with a received signal at a receiving end, and selecting the Doppler factor corresponding to the maximum correlation value as an estimation result. However, in the case of a relatively high relative speed between transceivers, that is, a high doppler factor, the method requires a large amount of correlation operations, and the amount of operations is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
Therefore, the application aims to provide a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method and device based on multiple high-energy pilots, a plurality of high-energy pilots with equal intervals are inserted into one OFDM transmission data block, doppler factors are inversely solved by utilizing the frequency shift of the high-energy pilots at a receiving end, and the large-range low-complexity estimation of Doppler factors of different data streams is realized.
To achieve the above objective, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication doppler estimation method based on multiple high-energy pilots, including:
inserting a plurality of high-energy pilots into subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals, and distributing the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams at intervals;
In response to a receiving end receiving a signal subjected to frequency selective fading, dividing an in-band spectrum of the received signal into a plurality of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots;
For each transmitting data stream, searching an energy highest frequency point in a section where all high-energy pilot frequencies are located, and calculating a frequency domain Doppler factor according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency;
And calculating the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factor by utilizing the relation between the time domain stretching compression factors and the frequency domain stretching compression factors.
Optionally, the dividing the in-band spectrum of the received signal into a plurality of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots includes:
wherein, Represent the firstIntervals.
Optionally, for each transmitting data stream, searching an energy highest frequency point in a section where the high-energy pilot frequency is located, and calculating a frequency domain doppler factor according to the energy highest frequency point and an original high-energy pilot frequency, including:
For the first The intervals corresponding to all the high-energy pilot frequencies of the transmitting data streams are as follows:
wherein, The number of the transmitting array elements of the MIMO system;
let the ith interval of the received signal frequency domain The frequency point with the highest energy isFor the firstThe highest energy frequency point in the interval where the high energy pilot frequency is positioned is recorded asThe corresponding interval isThe corresponding transmitting end high-energy pilot frequency point isThe frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream is:
wherein, Is the frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream.
Optionally, the calculating the time domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain doppler factor by using the relationship between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors includes:
wherein, Is the time domain doppler factor.
To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present application provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication doppler estimation apparatus based on multiple high-energy pilots, comprising:
The pilot frequency mode design module is used for inserting a plurality of high-energy pilot frequencies into subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals and distributing the high-energy pilot frequencies of a plurality of transmission data streams at intervals;
The interval dividing module is used for dividing the in-band frequency spectrum of the received signal into a plurality of intervals with the same number as the high-energy pilot frequency in response to the receiving end receiving the signal subjected to frequency selective fading;
The frequency domain Doppler factor calculation module is used for searching the energy highest frequency point in the interval where all the high-energy pilots are located for each transmitting data stream, and calculating the frequency domain Doppler factors according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency;
and the time domain Doppler factor calculation module is used for calculating the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factor by utilizing the relation between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;
The memory stores computer-executable instructions;
The processor executes computer-executable instructions stored by the memory to implement the method of any one of the first aspects above.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present application proposes a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein computer-executable instructions for implementing the method according to any of the above first aspects when being executed by a processor.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present application proposes a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method as described in any of the above first aspects.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application at least has the following beneficial effects:
a high-energy pilot frequency mode for MIMO-OFDM large-range Doppler factor estimation capable of resisting a certain frequency selective fading channel is designed by inserting a plurality of high-energy pilot frequencies with equal intervals into an OFDM transmission data block, and Doppler factors of different transmission data streams are respectively and reversely solved by utilizing frequency shift of the high-energy pilot frequencies of different transmission data streams at a receiving end, so that large-range low-complexity estimation of the Doppler factors of the different transmission data streams is realized.
In summary, the invention provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method and device based on multiple high-energy pilot frequencies, which can solve the problems that the Doppler estimation method commonly used in practice cannot track the Doppler factors of each OFDM block, cannot distinguish different Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams and the operand increases with the increase of the Doppler factors to be estimated
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method for MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation based on multiple high energy pilots in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot pattern design shown in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation device based on multiple high energy pilots according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of an electronic device.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application.
The relative motion between transceivers in underwater acoustic communication can introduce Doppler effect into the received signal, which results in the tensile compression of the received signal with unknown dimensions, thereby affecting the communication performance. In a high-speed mobile underwater acoustic MIMO-OFDM communication scene, two Doppler estimation methods commonly used in practice have the problems that Doppler factors different in different transmitted data streams cannot be distinguished, the Doppler factors of each OFDM block cannot be tracked, and the operation amount is large.
Aiming at the problems, the application provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method and device based on multiple high-energy pilots, a plurality of equally spaced high-energy pilots are inserted into one OFDM transmission data block, doppler factors are inversely solved by utilizing the frequency shift of the high-energy pilots at a receiving end, and the large-range low-complexity estimation of Doppler factors of different data streams is realized.
The following describes a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication doppler estimation method and apparatus based on multiple high-energy pilots according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a method for estimating doppler of MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication based on multiple high-energy pilots according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
Step 101, a plurality of high-energy pilots are inserted at equal intervals in the subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block, and the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams are distributed at intervals.
In order to design a high-energy pilot pattern for MIMO-OFDM large-range Doppler factor estimation capable of resisting a certain frequency selective fading channel, in the embodiment of the application, high-energy pilots with the amplitude being the preset multiple of the amplitudes of the rest active subcarriers are inserted at equal intervals into subcarriers of an OFDM transmission data block, and the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams are distributed at intervals, wherein the first step is thatFrequency of high energy pilot frequencyThe method comprises the following steps:
wherein, For the bandwidth of the communication system,For the total number of high energy pilots inserted,Is the carrier frequency.
In one possible embodiment, the amplitude of the high energy pilot is five times the amplitude of the remaining active subcarriers.
In another possible embodiment, assuming 2 transmitting array elements, a total of 4 high-energy pilots are inserted, the pilot frequencies are respectively、、、Due to the hybrid insertion between the high-energy pilots of different transmitted data streams、Belonging to the first transmitted data stream,、Belonging to the second transmit data stream.
It should be noted that the frequency selective fading channels are simultaneously present inThe probability of larger fading at each equal interval high-energy pilot frequency point is smaller, so that a plurality of equal interval high-energy pilot frequencies are arranged to increase the probability of at least one pilot frequency with higher energy in a received signal, and the robustness of the Doppler estimation algorithm provided by the application to a frequency selective fading channel is ensured. And, in order to reduce the probability that all high-energy pilots of a certain data stream are simultaneously subjected to a strong fading channel, the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmitting data streams are distributed at intervals.
In one possible embodiment, a schematic diagram of the pilot pattern design of the present invention is shown in fig. 2.
In response to the receiving end receiving the frequency-selectively faded signal, the in-band spectrum of the received signal is divided into a number of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots, step 102.
From the tensile compression properties of fourier variations, the doppler effect is reflected in the frequency domain as a tensile compression inverse to the time domain, and can be modeled as:
wherein, Is the doppler factor in the frequency domain,As the doppler factor in the time domain,Is the relative movement speed of the receiving and transmitting ends,Indicating the movement of the two opposite sides of the frame,Indicating the movement of the two opposite directions of the movement,Representing the speed of sound.
In order to know the Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams, the application designs an estimation algorithm for calculating the Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams by utilizing the frequency shift of the high-energy pilot frequency and the initial frequency point.
First, when a receiving end receives a signal subjected to frequency selective fading, an in-band spectrum of the received signal is divided into a plurality of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots, and the representation is as follows:
wherein, Represent the firstIntervals.
Step 103, for each transmitting data stream, searching the energy highest frequency point in the interval where all the high-energy pilots are located, and calculating the frequency domain Doppler factor according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency.
It will be appreciated that the doppler factor calculation is the same for each particular transmit data stream, and an embodiment is described below by taking the doppler factor calculation for a particular transmit data stream as an example.
For the firstThe intervals corresponding to all the high-energy pilot frequencies of the transmitting data streams are as follows:
wherein, The number of transmitting array elements of the MIMO system.
Referring to the embodiment mentioned in step 102, for the first transmitted data stream, the in-band spectrum of the received signal is divided into 2 bins, each bin corresponding to a high energy pilot.
Let the ith interval of the received signal frequency domainThe frequency point with the highest energy isFor the firstThe highest energy frequency point in the interval where the high energy pilot frequency is positioned is recorded asThe corresponding interval isThe corresponding transmitting end high-energy pilot frequency point isThe frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream is:
wherein, Is the frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream.
It can be appreciated that a data stream is transmittedCorresponding to each intervalThe highest frequency point of the regional energy in each interval is recorded as the highest energy in the frequency points in the application。
Referring to the embodiment mentioned in step 102, for the first transmitted data stream, assume interval 1The frequency point with the highest energy isInterval 2The frequency point with the highest energy isIf (if)Higher thanThe energy highest frequency point in the interval where the high energy pilot frequency of the first transmitting data stream is locatedOtherwise。
And 104, calculating the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factor by utilizing the relation between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors.
Finally, the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream can be further obtained by utilizing the relation between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors, and the expression is as follows:
wherein, Is a time domain doppler factor.
The invention is robust to the condition that the receiving and transmitting end moves at a relatively high speed, and the range of the relative movement speed of the receiving and transmitting end which can be born by the invention is as follows:
When (when) =8,=2,=6kHz,=1500m/s,When the frequency is 12kHz,Therefore, the Doppler range estimated by the method can cope with most of high-speed mobile underwater sound MIMO-OFDM communication scenes.
Because the invention inserts multiple high-energy pilot frequencies for Doppler estimation in each OFDM block in the OFDM data frame, the Doppler factor of each OFDM block can be tracked and estimated. The method and the device can simultaneously estimate Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams because the high-energy pilot frequencies with orthogonal frequency point positions are respectively inserted into the different transmitted data streams. The invention does not need to carry out related operation, and the operation amount is not increased along with the increase of the Doppler factor, so the operation amount is lower.
In summary, the invention provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method based on multiple high-energy pilot frequencies, which can solve the problems that the Doppler estimation method commonly used in practice cannot track the Doppler factors of each OFDM block, cannot distinguish different Doppler factors of different transmitted data streams and the operand increases with the increase of the Doppler factors to be estimated.
In order to realize the embodiment, the application also provides a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation device based on the multiple high-energy pilot frequencies.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication doppler estimation apparatus 10 based on multiple high energy pilots, according to an embodiment of the present application, comprising:
A pilot pattern design module 100, configured to insert a plurality of high-energy pilots into subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals, and distribute the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams at intervals;
the interval dividing module 200 is responsive to the receiving end receiving the signal subjected to frequency selective fading, and is configured to divide an in-band spectrum of the receiving signal into a plurality of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots;
The frequency domain doppler factor calculation module 300 is configured to, for each transmitted data stream, find an energy highest frequency point in a section where all the high-energy pilots are located, and calculate a frequency domain doppler factor according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency;
The time domain doppler factor calculation module 400 is configured to calculate a time domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain doppler factor by using the relationship between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors.
The specific manner in which the various modules perform the operations in the apparatus of the above embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 700 that may be used to implement an embodiment of the application. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular telephones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the applications described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus 700 includes a computing unit 701 that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 702 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 708 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 703. In the RAM 703, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 700 may also be stored. The computing unit 701, the ROM 702, and the RAM 703 are connected to each other through a bus 704. An input/output (I/O) interface 705 is also connected to bus 704.
Various components in the device 700 are connected to the I/O interface 705, including an input unit 706, e.g., keyboard, mouse, etc., an output unit 707, e.g., various types of displays, speakers, etc., a storage unit 708, e.g., magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and a communication unit 709, e.g., network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 709 allows the device 700 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network, such as the internet, and/or various telecommunication networks.
The computing unit 701 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of computing unit 701 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various specialized Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 701 performs the respective methods and processes described above, such as a voice instruction response method. For example, in some embodiments, the voice instruction response method may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto device 700 via ROM 702 and/or communication unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 703 and executed by computing unit 701, one or more steps of the voice instruction response method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 701 may be configured to perform the voice instruction response method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), systems On Chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special or general purpose programmable processor, operable to receive data and instructions from, and to transmit data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
Program code for carrying out methods of the present application may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program code may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus such that the program code, when executed by the processor or controller, causes the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram to be implemented. The program code may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of the present application, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user, for example, feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback), and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a background component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such background, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), the Internet, and a blockchain network.
The computer system may include a client and a server. The client and server are typically remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical hosts and VPS service ("Virtual PRIVATE SERVER" or simply "VPS") are overcome. The server may also be a server of a distributed system or a server that incorporates a blockchain.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present application may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, so long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present application are achieved, and the present application is not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation method based on the multiple high-energy pilots is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
inserting a plurality of high-energy pilots into subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals, and distributing the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams at intervals;
In response to a receiving end receiving a signal subjected to frequency selective fading, dividing an in-band spectrum of the received signal into a plurality of intervals equal to the number of high-energy pilots;
For each transmitting data stream, searching an energy highest frequency point in a section where all high-energy pilot frequencies are located, and calculating a frequency domain Doppler factor according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency;
And calculating the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factor by utilizing the relation between the time domain stretching compression factors and the frequency domain stretching compression factors.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein inserting the plurality of high energy pilots in the subcarriers of one OFDM transmit data block at equal intervals and distributing the high energy pilots of the plurality of transmit data streams at intervals comprises:
High-energy pilots with the amplitude which is preset multiple of the amplitude of other active subcarriers are inserted into the subcarriers of the OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals, and the high-energy pilots of a plurality of transmission data streams are distributed at intervals, wherein the first Frequency of high energy pilot frequencyThe method comprises the following steps:
wherein, For the bandwidth of the communication system,For the total number of high energy pilots inserted,Is the carrier frequency.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the dividing the in-band spectrum of the received signal into a number of intervals equal to the number of high energy pilots comprises:
wherein, Represent the firstIntervals.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein for each transmitted data stream, finding an energy highest frequency point in an interval in which the high energy pilot frequency is located, and calculating the frequency domain doppler factor based on the energy highest frequency point and the original high energy pilot frequency, comprises:
For the first The intervals corresponding to all the high-energy pilot frequencies of the transmitting data streams are as follows:
wherein, The number of the transmitting array elements of the MIMO system;
let the ith interval of the received signal frequency domain The frequency point with the highest energy isFor the firstThe highest energy frequency point in the interval where the high energy pilot frequency is positioned is recorded asThe corresponding interval isThe corresponding transmitting end high-energy pilot frequency point isThe frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream is:
wherein, Is the frequency domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said calculating a time domain doppler factor of the transmitted data stream from said frequency domain doppler factor using a relationship between time-frequency domain stretch compression factors comprises:
wherein, Is the time domain doppler factor.
6. A MIMO-OFDM underwater acoustic communication doppler estimation apparatus based on multiple high energy pilots, comprising:
The pilot frequency mode design module is used for inserting a plurality of high-energy pilot frequencies into subcarriers of one OFDM transmission data block at equal intervals and distributing the high-energy pilot frequencies of a plurality of transmission data streams at intervals;
The interval dividing module is used for dividing the in-band frequency spectrum of the received signal into a plurality of intervals with the same number as the high-energy pilot frequency in response to the receiving end receiving the signal subjected to frequency selective fading;
The frequency domain Doppler factor calculation module is used for searching the energy highest frequency point in the interval where all the high-energy pilots are located for each transmitting data stream, and calculating the frequency domain Doppler factors according to the energy highest frequency point and the original high-energy pilot frequency;
and the time domain Doppler factor calculation module is used for calculating the time domain Doppler factor of the transmitted data stream according to the frequency domain Doppler factor by utilizing the relation between the time-frequency domain stretching compression factors.
7. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory communicatively coupled to the processor;
The memory stores computer-executable instructions;
The processor executes computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of any one of claims 1-5.
8. A computer readable storage medium having stored therein computer executable instructions which when executed by a processor are adapted to carry out the method of any one of claims 1-5.
9.A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any of claims 1-5.
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| CN110138461B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2021-05-11 | 三亚哈尔滨工程大学南海创新发展基地 | Underwater acoustic communication method combining adaptive MIMO and OFDM |
| CN112003809B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-29 | 鹏城实验室 | Multi-carrier underwater acoustic communication Doppler estimation and compensation method based on motion platform |
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