CN119037660B - A ship collision model test method and device in a water tank - Google Patents
A ship collision model test method and device in a water tankInfo
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- CN119037660B CN119037660B CN202411166723.9A CN202411166723A CN119037660B CN 119037660 B CN119037660 B CN 119037660B CN 202411166723 A CN202411166723 A CN 202411166723A CN 119037660 B CN119037660 B CN 119037660B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
- B63B71/20—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance using towing tanks or model basins for designing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种水池内船舶碰撞模型实验方法及装置，将撞击船模型首部与牵引装置相连；通过电磁铁与激光光电开关配合将被撞船模型以设定角度固定于撞击船模型前；在撞击船模型首部安装力传感器，在被撞船模型两侧安装浪高仪，在水池两侧安装光学三维运动捕捉系统；通过牵引装置牵引撞击船模型航行，在撞击前牵引装置释放撞击船模型，电磁铁释放被撞船模型，二者发生自由碰撞；处理采集的碰撞力、被撞船模型左右舷的浪高、两模型的六自由度运动参数数据，分析得到撞深时历曲线、被撞船模型左右舷的相对浪高、碰撞过程中的能量耗散值；测量舷侧结构的变形轮廓及变形大小。本发明在实验过程中无需人为干预，可精确模拟出预设部位和角度的碰撞工况。
The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for testing a ship collision model in a water tank. The bow of the striking ship model is connected to a traction device. The struck ship model is fixed in front of the striking ship model at a set angle by using an electromagnet and a laser photoelectric switch. A force sensor is installed at the bow of the striking ship model, wave height meters are installed on both sides of the struck ship model, and an optical three-dimensional motion capture system is installed on both sides of the water tank. The striking ship model is towed by the traction device to sail. Before the collision, the traction device releases the striking ship model, and the electromagnet releases the struck ship model, causing a free collision between the two. The collected collision force, wave heights on the port and starboard sides of the struck ship model, and six-degree-of-freedom motion parameter data of the two models are processed to analyze and obtain a collision depth time history curve, the relative wave heights on the port and starboard sides of the struck ship model, and the energy dissipation value during the collision. The deformation profile and deformation size of the side structure are measured. The present invention does not require human intervention during the experimental process and can accurately simulate collision conditions at preset locations and angles.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ship model collision experiments, in particular to a method and a device for an in-pool ship collision model experiment.
Background
The collision accident of the ship is an important factor of the damage of the ship structure, and the collision accident often causes great economic loss and casualties. However, the collision phenomenon of the ship is very complex, and many details cannot be expressed by a theoretical model, so that experimental research is necessary, reliable data can be obtained from the experimental research, a collision damage mechanism is explored, and the experimental research has immeasurable significance and value for avoiding accidents and guaranteeing life and property safety.
Because the ship collision phenomenon is extremely complex, various details such as ship movement, structural damage, marine environment and the like are difficult to truly and comprehensively express by using a theoretical method or a finite element numerical analysis method, and the ship is a large-scale structure, a large amount of funds, manpower and time are required for a real ship collision experiment, so that a ship model is required to replace the real ship to carry out a small-scale model experiment, the damage mechanism of the real ship collision is explored, the movement rule and experimental data result in the visual ship collision process are obtained, and reliable data support is provided for related technical research means such as a theoretical model, numerical simulation and the like, an objective ship model collision experiment system is designed, and the experimental study on the ship collision model is realized to be the problem to be solved urgently.
Chinese patent CN108613788A discloses a ship-ship model collision experiment system and an experiment method thereof, wherein the experiment system is propelled by a propulsion device and limited by a navigation channel, so that the motion state of an impact ship model is close to the real state, the motion of the impact ship model is not influenced by a ship model accelerating device through proper adjustment, and the motion state of two ships in the whole ship model collision process can be measured by a three-dimensional motion capturing system. However, it has been found that this patent still has the following disadvantages:
1. The position of the collision ship model cannot be accurately controlled by manually cutting the string before the two ship models collide. Due to factors such as waves rising in the advancing process of the impact ship model, the impact ship is extremely easy to deviate from a preset position and angle.
2. The propulsion device of the ship model accelerating device is an electric propeller and is controlled by a remote controller. The method has the defects that the control requirement on the impact position cannot be met by adopting an electric propeller to push the tail of the ship model, because the ship model is impacted for a long distance before the impact occurs, the degree of deviation of the ship model from a preset track can be continuously amplified by adopting the method of pushing the tail, so that the impact point is greatly transversely deviated from the target impact position, the impact ship model forms a more obvious head lifting phenomenon in the advancing process by pushing the tail, and the impact point is greatly vertically deviated from the target impact position. The second disadvantage is that the speed adjustable range of the electric propeller is smaller, the repeatability is poorer, and the control precision is poorer. The third disadvantage is that the remote controller is adopted to manually control the start and stop of the electric screw propeller, so that the control difficulty is high, and especially under the condition that an experimenter cannot observe a collision scene well on the shore, the situation that the collision speed cannot meet the requirement due to early stop or the situation that the collision ship model is still subjected to the thrust of the screw propeller when collision occurs due to delayed stop is easily caused.
3. The width of the navigation channel adopted by the invention is larger than that of the ship model impacted by the navigation channel, so that the ship model can not keep a stable forward advancing mode, and repeated transverse collision between the navigation channel and the channel can increase the deviation degree of the ship model in the horizontal transverse direction.
4. The method can not peel off the influence of fluid on energy consumption in the collision process, and the energy absorption condition of the structure and the energy dissipation condition of the system are not explored.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a method and a device for testing a ship collision model in a pool, wherein the ship collision model is restrained to move in a single direction required by the ship collision model before the test starts and is restrained by mooring at any angle at the front end and the tail end of the ship collision model, the ship collision model is pulled to move by a traction device connected with the ship collision model when the test starts, and the restraint of the two ship models is cancelled when the collision is about to happen (traction force is also lost), so that under the real environment of the pool in a laboratory, the ship collision characteristics under the full coupling condition are studied by considering the interaction of a ship body and surrounding water areas, and the collision energy dissipation rule of the ship body movement and structural damage deformation is explored.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The experimental method for the collision model of the ship in the water pool comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps of S1, arranging an experimental device, arranging two transverse constraint baffles in a water tank, arranging an impact ship model between channels formed by the two transverse constraint baffles, arranging a traction device on the water tank, connecting the head of the impact ship model with the traction device through a traction rope, fixing the impact ship model in front of the impact ship model at a set angle through the cooperation of an electromagnet and a laser photoelectric switch, arranging force sensors on the head of the impact ship model, arranging wave height instruments on two sides of the impact ship model, arranging a plurality of optical three-dimensional motion capturing systems on two sides of the water tank, and respectively connecting the force sensors, the wave height instruments and the optical three-dimensional motion capturing systems with an acquisition instrument through signals;
S2, starting an experiment, namely towing an impact ship model through a traction device to navigate at a preset speed, automatically releasing the impact ship model by the traction device before impact is about to happen, and automatically releasing the impacted ship model by an electromagnet to enable the impact ship model to freely collide with the impacted ship model;
s3, data processing, namely processing the acquired collision force, wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model and six-degree-of-freedom motion parameter data of the two models, and analyzing to obtain a deep-bumping calendar curve, relative wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model and energy dissipation values in the collision process;
And S4, measuring the deformation profile and the final deformation of the broadside structure after collision.
In the above scheme, in step S3, the analysis method of the deep-collision time calendar curve is that, assuming that the collision points P are all relatively fixed on the respective ship bodies and do not change with the deformation of the side structures, the method can be obtained at each moment based on the barycentric coordinates of the two ships and the relative position vector with constant size in the coordinate system of the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system:
wherein, the vector delta represents the depth of collision; A vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the impacting ship; a vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the bumped ship; A vector representing the center of gravity of the impacting ship to the apex of the front end of the bulbous bow; Representing the vector of the center of gravity of the bumped ship to the side of the ship at the point of initial impact.
In the above scheme, in step S3, the analysis method of the relative wave heights of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model includes that the measurement error of the relative wave heights is introduced due to obvious rolling motion of the bumped ship model after the bumped ship model is subjected to collision load in the experimental process, the measurement of the relative wave heights is required to be corrected by the rolling motion of the bumped ship model, and the relative water level change condition of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model is obtained by adopting the following steps:
Hp1＝L Left side -ΔL
Hp2＝L Right side +ΔL
Wherein H p1 and H p2 are respectively the changes of the water level of the port and starboard, L Left side and L Right side are respectively measured values of the wave height meter of the port and starboard of the crashed ship model, and DeltaL is the distance of the wave height meter immersed in or lifted out of the water surface due to rolling in the crashing process;
The relative wave height Δh of the port and starboard side of the bumped ship model is Δh=h p2－Hp1＝L Left side －L Right side -2 Δl.
In the above scheme, in step S3, the method for analyzing the energy dissipation value is as follows:
(1) According to the energy conservation criterion, the influence of fluid around two ship models is replaced by an additional mass coefficient, and the energy of the system before collision is solved firstly:
Wherein E K0 is kinetic energy of a pre-collision system, M a and M b are mass of an impacting ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, M a and M b are additional mass of heave motion of the impacting ship model and additional mass of heave motion of the crashed ship model respectively, and the values are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software;
(2) The residual energy of the system after solving the collision is as follows:
Wherein E Kt is kinetic energy of a post-collision system, I a and I b are rotational inertia of a crashed ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, m a,t and m b,t are translational additional mass of the crashed ship model and translational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, J a and J b are rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model and rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, V a,t and V b,t are translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model and translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by an optical three-dimensional motion capturing system, and omega a and omega b are rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model and rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system;
(3) Finally, the energy dissipation value in the collision process is:
ΔE=EK0-EKt。
According to the technical scheme, the inner side of the pool wall of the long side of the pool is provided with the horizontal fixed pulleys with adjustable height, the horizontal fixed pulleys are located between the bumped ship model and close to the bumped ship model, the traction device is arranged on the pool wall of the short side of the pool, the height-adjustable limiting piles are arranged in the pool and between the bumped ship model and the traction device, the height-adjustable limiting piles are arranged close to traction impact, the top ends of the height-adjustable limiting piles are provided with the fixed pulleys of the limiting piles, the sides of the head of the bumped ship model are respectively provided with the pull rods with adjustable heights, one ends of the two traction ropes are connected with the pull rods of the port/starboard of the bumped ship model, the other ends of the two traction ropes sequentially penetrate through the horizontal fixed pulleys and the fixed pulleys of the limiting piles and are connected with the traction device, and the traction ropes are enabled to cooperatively traction towards the two sides along the horizontal direction with the same height as the gravity center of the bumped ship model through the cooperation of the pull rods.
In the scheme, the traction rope is tied with the movement termination stop block, the movement termination stop block is located between the limiting pile fixed pulley and the horizontal fixed pulley, when the impact ship model moves to be close to the impacted ship model, the movement termination stop block reaches the limiting pile fixed pulley, and the traction rope between the traction device and the limiting pile fixed pulley is broken along with the continuous operation of the traction device, so that the impact ship model is released.
According to the technical scheme, a plurality of collision angle control formulation pulleys are further arranged on the inner side of a pool wall of a long side of the pool, two laser photoelectric switches are arranged in the pool and are arranged oppositely and close to a ship to be bumped, an electromagnet device is respectively arranged at the head end and the tail end of the ship to be bumped and comprises an electromagnet base and electromagnets with wires, the wires penetrate through the collision angle control formulation pulleys on the pool wall and are connected with the laser photoelectric switches, the two laser photoelectric switches are connected through the wires to form a loop, the two electromagnets at the head end and the tail end of the ship to be bumped are in a working adsorption state at the beginning of an experiment, the wires are in a tight state, the position of the ship to be bumped is fixed, the laser photoelectric switches are not blocked, then the ship to be bumped is accelerated, the electromagnets are immediately disconnected when the ship to be bumped is moved between the two laser photoelectric switches, the constraint of the ship to be bumped is relieved, and the two models are free to collide.
In the scheme, the side of the impact ship model is provided with the roller clamping device, and the end rollers of the roller clamping device are in rolling connection with the transverse constraint baffle plate to realize rolling friction between the impact ship model and the transverse constraint baffle plate.
The invention also provides an experimental device for the ship collision model in the pool, which comprises a pool system, an experimental data acquisition system and a ship model control system, wherein the pool system is provided with an impacted ship model and an impacted ship model, the two ship models are subjected to free collision under the traction and the restraint of the ship model control system, and experimental data in the collision process are captured through the experimental data acquisition system; the experimental data acquisition system comprises a pressure sensor, a wave height meter and an optical three-dimensional motion capture system, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged between the head end of the crashed ship model and a crashhead and is used for acquiring a crashing force time calendar curve in the crashing process, the wave height meter is arranged around a crashed area of a body section in parallel of the crashed ship model and keeps sensing wires outwards, the optical three-dimensional motion capture system is arranged on the outside of the pool and is used for acquiring the relative water level change of the crashed ship model, the optical three-dimensional motion capture system is arranged on the outside of the pool and is used for acquiring six-degree-of-freedom motion states of two ships in the crashing process, the ship model control system comprises a transverse constraint baffle, a roller clamping device, a pull rod, a horizontal fixed pulley, a photoelectric switch and an electromagnet, the two transverse constraint baffles are arranged in the pool and form an accelerating channel of the crashed ship model in the middle, the clamping device is arranged on the side of the crashed ship model and is connected with the pull rod of the side of the crashed ship model, the height of the device can be adjusted according to the change of the gravity center height of the crashed ship model, the device passes through the horizontal fixed pulleys arranged on the tank wall and then converges through the fixed pulleys of the limiting piles of the height-adjustable limiting piles to be finally connected to the traction device on the shore, the two laser photoelectric switches are arranged in the water tank, the two sides of the device are oppositely arranged and are close to the crashed ship model, the front end and the tail end of the crashed ship model are respectively provided with an electromagnet device, the electromagnet devices comprise electromagnet bases and electromagnets with leads, the leads pass through the crashed angle control pulleys and are connected with the laser photoelectric switches, the two laser photoelectric switches are connected through the leads to form a loop, the electromagnet is controlled to be in an adsorption state when the crashed ship model is not blocked by the laser photoelectric switches, and the movement of the crashed ship model is restrained by the aid of the tight electromagnet leads, and the electromagnet is immediately disconnected when the crashed ship model moves to the space between the two laser photoelectric switches to be blocked, and the crashed ship model is automatically released.
In the above scheme, the ship model control system further comprises two movement stop blocks, the two movement stop blocks are respectively tied on the two traction ropes and are positioned between the limiting pile fixed pulleys and the horizontal fixed pulleys, when the impact ship model moves to be close to the impacted ship model, the movement stop blocks reach the limiting pile fixed pulleys, and the traction ropes between the traction device and the limiting pile fixed pulleys are broken along with the continuous operation of the traction device, so that the impact ship model is released.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the movement stopping block is tied on the traction rope behind the height-adjustable limiting pile, so that the movement distance of the crashed ship model can be controlled according to the requirements of experimental speed and the like, the movement stopping block reaches the fixed pulley of the limiting pile when the crashed ship model is about to approach the crashed ship model, the traction rope between the traction device and the fixed pulley of the limiting pile is broken along with the continuous operation of the traction device, so that the crashed ship model is released, and meanwhile, the laser photoelectric switch and the electromagnet are matched for use, so that mooring constraint at two ends of the crashed ship is realized before the crashed ship is about to happen, the complete freedom of the crashed ship is ensured when the crashed ship is about to happen, and the two ship models are free to collide. Human intervention is not needed in the experimental process, and the collision working condition of the preset part and angle can be accurately simulated.
2. The ship model accelerating device adopts two-side traction, the pull rod, the horizontal fixed pulley and the height-adjustable limiting piles can be adjusted in height according to actual needs, the positions of the pull rod, the horizontal fixed pulley and the height-adjustable limiting piles can be correspondingly adjusted according to the change of the gravity center of the impact ship model, the traction ropes can cooperatively drag the impact ship model towards two sides along the horizontal direction with the same height of the gravity center of the impact ship model, the gravity center height of the traction force point of the impact ship model is always kept, the motion state of the impact ship model is not influenced by extra moment, the vertical deviation of the impact position is avoided, meanwhile, the direction of the traction force of the impact ship model is always kept along the longitudinal direction of a pool, the real-time adjustment of the course can be realized in comparison with other propulsion modes in a two-side synchronous traction mode, the course of the impact ship model is ensured, the high-precision control of the transverse deviation of the impact position is realized, and the accelerating device can also adapt to the high-speed impact working condition.
3. Roller clamping devices are arranged on two sides of the impacting ship model and are used for constraining the movement direction of the impacting ship between the transverse constraint baffles and are in close-fitting linear connection with the baffles, and the impacting ship model always fixes the course of the model in the travelling process between the baffles; at the same time, rolling friction is adopted, and the friction force generated on the baffle plate when the impacting ship advances is almost zero.
4. According to the invention, the impact force calendar curve in the collision process is obtained through the pressure sensor, the six-degree-of-freedom motion state of the two ship models in the collision process is obtained through the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system, the impact depth calendar curve can be obtained through analysis, the force-displacement curve is obtained according to the impact depth calendar curve and the impact force calendar curve obtained through the pressure sensor is combined, and then the energy absorption characteristic of the broadside impacted structure can be obtained through integration of the force-displacement curve. The roll influence of the bumped ship model acquired by the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system is reduced by the immersion depth change condition in the bumping process recorded by the wave height instrument, the change rule of the relative water level of the left side and the right side of the bumped ship model in the bumping process can be measured, the fluid resistance caused by ship model movement is further calculated by combining a wave height change formula, and the influence rule of fluid around the ship model in the bumping process is explored. The invention can also perform energy dissipation analysis and deformation damage mode analysis of the system. And through the obtained corresponding results of the experiments, reliable data support is provided for related technical research means such as theory, numerical simulation and the like.
5. The invention can develop free collision working conditions of any angle, any collision position (position), any collision speed and collision quality, and further improves the test capability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an overall structure diagram of an experimental device for a ship collision model in a pool;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along the inside of the pool wall;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of critical collision state at a collision angle of 90;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a collision state at a collision angle of 60 °;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the header of an impact ship model;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an adjustable height spacing pile;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an optical three-dimensional motion capture system;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a transverse restraint baffle;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a roller clamp;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a horizontal fixed pulley of the pool wall;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a laser optoelectronic switch;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an experimental deep hit calendar post-process;
FIG. 13 is a view of the experimental ship-bumped model schematic diagram of post-treatment of the relative water level change of the two sides.
In the figure, 11 parts of a pool, 12 parts of an impact ship model, 121 parts of an impact ship body, 122 parts of a force sensor base, 123 parts of an impact head, 13 parts of an impacted ship model, 14 parts of a height-adjustable limiting pile, 141 parts of a telescopic supporting column of the limiting pile, 142 parts of a fixed pulley of the limiting pile, 15 parts of an impact angle control pulley, 16 parts of a traction device;
21. Pressure sensor, wave height instrument, 23, optical three-dimensional motion capture system, 231, tripod, 232, three-dimensional motion capture camera;
31. Transverse constraint baffle plate 311, baffle plate 312, stay bar 32, roller clamping device 321, fastening bolt 322, arc clamp 323, triangle clamp 324, roller 33, pull rod 331, vertical guide rail 332, sliding pull block 333, pull block bolt 334, pull block gasket 335, pull block nut 34, pull rope 35, horizontal fixed pulley 351, guide rail 352, groove fixed pulley 36, laser photoelectric switch 361, laser emission end 362, photoelectric switch telescopic strut 363, photoelectric switch bracket 37, electromagnet 38, and movement stop block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the embodiments of the invention are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concepts of the invention, and thus only the components related to the invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.
In the present application, it should also be noted that, as terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like are used, the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, only for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, are used for descriptive and distinguishing purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance.
As shown in figures 1-11, the invention provides an experimental device for a ship collision model in a water tank, which comprises a water tank system, an experimental data acquisition system and a ship model control system, wherein the water tank system is provided with an impacted ship model 12 and an impacted ship model 13, the two ship models are subjected to free collision under the traction and restraint of the ship model control system, and experimental data in the collision process are captured through the experimental data acquisition system.
The pool system comprises a pool 11, an impact ship model 12, an impacted ship model 13, a height-adjustable limit pile 14, a collision angle control pulley 15 and a traction device 16. The crashed ship model 12 and the crashed ship model 13 float in the pool 11 according to experimental draft, the height-adjustable limiting piles 14 are fixed at the tail of the pool, a plurality of crashing angle control formulation pulleys 15 are arranged along the length direction of the pool wall and are used for adjusting the initial angle (see the 90-degree crashing angle of fig. 3 and the 60-degree crashing angle of fig. 4 respectively) of the crashed ship model 13, and connecting wires are fixed at the same time, so that the crashed ship cannot shake before crashing.
The experimental data acquisition system comprises a pressure sensor 21, a wave height instrument 22 and an optical three-dimensional motion capture system 23. The pressure sensor 21 is respectively connected with a force sensor base 122 and a collision head 123 at the head end of the collision ship body 121 in a bolt fastening way, and referring to fig. 5, the pressure sensor 21 is connected with a data acquisition instrument and a data processing terminal through wires for use, so as to acquire a collision force calendar curve in the collision process. The optical three-dimensional motion capture system 23 is located on the outer bank of the pool 11, and is connected with a data acquisition instrument and a data processing terminal through wires for use, so that the six-degree-of-freedom motion state of two ship models in the collision process is obtained. The wave height meter 22 is arranged around the bumped area of the body section in parallel of the bumped ship model 13, and keeps the sensing wires outwards, the wave height meter 22 is connected with the data acquisition meter and the data processing terminal through wires for use, the roll influence of the bumped ship model acquired by the optical three-dimensional motion capture system is reduced according to the immersion depth change condition recorded by the wave height meter in the bumping process, the change rule of the relative water level of the left side and the right side of the bumped ship model in the bumping process can be measured, the fluid resistance caused by ship model movement is further calculated by combining a wave height change formula, and the influence rule of fluid around the ship model in the bumping process is explored.
The ship model control system comprises a transverse constraint baffle 31, a roller clamping device 32, a pull rod 33, a traction rope 34, a horizontal fixed pulley 35, a laser photoelectric switch 36, an electromagnet 37 and a movement stop block 38. Two transverse restraint baffles 31 are arranged in the water pool, an acceleration channel for impacting the ship model 12 is formed in the middle, and the transverse movement of the ship model 12 is restrained before the collision occurs, so that the precision of the impact position required by the experiment is ensured. The roller clamping device 32 is mounted on the side of the impact ship model 12, so that rolling friction between the impact ship model 12 and the transverse constraint baffle 31 is realized, and friction resistance can be ignored. The pull rod 33 is installed at the two side of the head of the impact ship model 12, the height of the pull rod can be adjusted according to the change of the gravity center height of the impact ship model 12, and the pull rod passes through the horizontal fixed pulley 35 firstly and then converges and passes through the lower edge of the height-adjustable limiting pile 14 at the tail of the pool through the two traction ropes 34, and finally is connected to the traction device 16 on the shore. The two laser photoelectric switches 36 are arranged in the pool, the two laser photoelectric switches 36 are oppositely arranged and are close to the bumped ship model 13, an electromagnet device is respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the bumped ship model 13 and comprises an electromagnet base and an electromagnet 37 with a wire, the wire penetrates through the bump angle control pulley 15 on the pool wall and is connected with the laser photoelectric switches 36, the two laser photoelectric switches 36 are connected through the wire to form a loop, the two electromagnets 37 at the front end and the rear end of the bumped ship model 13 are in a working adsorption state in the working process, the wire is in a tight state, the position of the bumped ship model 13 is further fixed, the laser photoelectric switches 36 are not shielded at the moment, then the bumped ship model 12 is accelerated, the electromagnet 37 is immediately disconnected when the bumped ship model is moved between the two laser photoelectric switches 36, and the restraint of the bumped ship model 13 is relieved, so that the two models can collide freely. The two movement stop blocks 38 are respectively tied on the two traction ropes 34 and are positioned between the limiting pile fixed pulleys 142 and the horizontal fixed pulleys 35, the movement stop blocks 38 can control the movement distance of the impact ship model according to the requirements of experimental speed and the like, so that when the impact ship model 12 is about to approach the impacted ship model 13, the movement stop blocks 38 reach the limiting pile fixed pulleys, and as the traction device 16 continues to operate, the traction ropes between the traction device 16 and the limiting pile fixed pulleys are pulled apart, thereby releasing the impact ship model 12, and enabling the two ship models to collide freely.
Further preferably, the pool 11 is sized large enough to not interfere with the rotation of the ship model, and the test device can be fixed to the pool wall and pool bottom.
Further optimized, the impact ship model 12 is limited between the transverse constraint baffles 31 in the pool 11 through the roller clamping devices 32 for linear motion, and two ends of the traction rope 34 are respectively tied to the pull rod 33 which is fixed on the bow ship side of the head of the impact ship model 12 and can be adjusted in height, and the traction device 16 are connected together.
Further optimizing, the parallel middle body of the port of the ship to be bumped model 13 is provided with a hole, the periphery of the parallel middle body is in a bolt connection experiment replaceable structure, and an electromagnet 37 controlled by a laser photoelectric switch 36 is connected with an impact angle control formulation pulley 15 fixed on the pool wall.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the height-adjustable spacing pile 14 comprises a spacing pile telescopic strut 141 and a spacing pile fixed pulley 142, wherein the spacing pile fixed pulley 142 is fixed at the top of the spacing pile telescopic strut 141, and the spacing pile telescopic strut 141 is fixed at the bottom of the pool 11 through a weight. The height-adjustable spacing pile 14 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the position of the height-adjustable spacing pile can be changed at will, so that the lower edge center point of the height-adjustable spacing pile and the center of gravity of the impacting ship model are positioned on the same horizontal plane and in the advancing direction of the impacting ship model, and the impacting ship is subjected to the tensile force in the complete horizontal direction.
Further optimized, as shown in fig. 7, the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system 23 comprises a tripod 231 and a three-dimensional motion capturing camera 232, the three-dimensional motion capturing camera 232 is fixed on the top of the tripod 231, and four optical three-dimensional motion capturing systems 23 and three-dimensional motion data processing terminals are used in series to reflect the motion states of the two models by capturing the motion conditions of the marker balls placed on the impacting ship model 12 and the impacted ship model 13. The impact depth calendar curve in the collision process is obtained according to the relative motion of the two vessels, the force-displacement curve is obtained by combining the impact force calendar curve acquired by the pressure sensor 21, and the energy absorption characteristic of the broadside impacted structure can be obtained by integrating the force-displacement curve.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 8, the transverse constraint baffle 31 comprises a baffle 311 and a stay bar 312, wherein one end of the baffle 311 is provided with 4 screws, one end of the baffle 311 is provided with 2 screws, the short end of the stay bar 312 is connected with the baffle 311 through bolts, and the long end of the stay bar is fixed at the bottom of the pool 11 through a weight, and can be adjusted in height. The transverse constraint baffle 31 can be placed at any position of the water tank according to the requirement of the experimental working condition, faces any direction, and can be adjusted in height according to the water level change of the water tank, so that the water tank is flexible and convenient to use, small in occupied area and detachable after the use is finished.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 9, the roller clamping device 32 includes a fastening bolt 321, an arc clamp 322, a triangle clamp 323, and a roller 324, wherein the arc clamp 322 clamps the upper end of the side, and is fixed by the fastening bolt 321, the triangle clamp 323 is welded above the arc clamp 322 and is connected with the roller 324 by a bolt, and the roller 324 is in rolling contact with the baffle 311. The roller clamping device 32 is mainly used for restraining the movement direction of the impacting ship between the transverse restraining baffles, is connected with the clung lines of the baffles, simultaneously adopts rolling friction, the impacting ship is almost zero in friction force generated on the baffles in the advancing process, and simultaneously, the structure is more stable and reliable due to reinforcement treatment in the main direction of roller stress.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the pull rod 33 comprises a vertical guide rail 331, a sliding pull block 332, a pull block bolt 333, a pull block gasket 334 and a pull block nut 335, wherein the vertical guide rail 331 is fixed on the left and right side planes of the bow of the impact ship model 12 through screws, and the sliding pull block 332 can move along the vertical guide rail 331 and is fixed through the pull block bolt 333, the pull block gasket 334 and the pull block nut 335. The slider 332 is provided with a pull ring connected to the traction rope 34. The position of the sliding pull block 332 can be changed according to the change of the gravity center of the impact ship model, so that the traction rope 34 can cooperatively pull the impact ship model 12 towards two sides along the horizontal direction with the same height of the gravity center, the traction force of the impact ship model 12 is always kept to act on the gravity center height, the heading of the impact ship model 12 is ensured, and the high-speed collision working condition can be adapted. Compared with other propulsion modes, the heading can be adjusted in real time, and the motion state of the impact ship model 12 cannot be influenced by extra moment.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 10, the horizontal fixed pulley 35 comprises a guide rail 351 and a groove fixed pulley 352, wherein the guide rail 351 is fixed on two pool walls 10-20 cm away from the front of the side impact area of the bumped ship model 13, the distance from the impact point is kept the same, and the groove fixed pulley 352 is arranged on the guide rail 351 in the horizontal direction of the groove and can move up and down along the guide rail 351 so as to adapt to the height of the sliding pull block 332, so that the traction force always acts on the horizontal plane of the gravity center height of the bumped ship model 12.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 11, the laser photoelectric switch 36 includes a laser emitting end 361, a photoelectric switch telescopic support 362, and a photoelectric switch support 363, where the laser emitting end 361 is fixed on the photoelectric switch support 363 by a nut, and the photoelectric switch support 363 is placed on a platform at the top of the photoelectric switch telescopic support 362, and the photoelectric switch telescopic support 362 is fixed at the bottom of the pool 11, so that the use position of the laser emitting end 361 can be changed arbitrarily according to the size and the motion state of the draft of the impact ship model 12. The matched use of the laser photoelectric switch 36 and the electromagnet can realize mooring constraint at two ends of the crashed ship before the crash happens, ensure that the electromagnet is powered off when the crash happens immediately, so that the crashed ship is completely free, and accurately simulate the crash working condition of a preset angle. And meanwhile, the photoelectric switch support column can change the height of the switch according to the draft change of the impacting ship.
The invention also provides a method for testing the collision model of the ship in the water pool, which comprises the following steps:
S1, arranging an experimental device, namely arranging two transverse constraint baffles in a pool, arranging an impact ship model between channels formed by the two transverse constraint baffles, arranging a traction device on the pool, connecting the head of the impact ship model with the traction device through a traction rope, arranging a side structure of the impacted ship model 13, fixing the impacted ship model in the pool at a certain distance in front of the impact ship model at a set angle through the cooperation of an electromagnet and a laser photoelectric switch, arranging force sensors on the head of the impact ship model, arranging wave height meters on two sides of the impacted ship model, arranging a plurality of optical three-dimensional motion capturing systems on two sides of the pool, and respectively connecting the force sensors, the wave height meters and the optical three-dimensional motion capturing systems with an acquisition instrument through signals.
The debugging comprises the steps of debugging a data acquisition instrument to ensure the signal to be normal, adjusting the floating states of the crashed ship model 12 and the crashed ship model 13, connecting a traction device to enable the crashed ship model 12 to move forwards at a certain speed, and debugging the speed.
S2, starting an experiment, namely towing an impact ship model through a towing device to navigate at a preset speed, breaking a towing rope to enable the towing device to release the impact ship model when impact is about to happen, controlling an electromagnet to release the impacted ship model through a laser photoelectric switch to enable the impact ship model to freely collide with the impacted ship model, acquiring collision force through a force sensor in the collision process, acquiring wave heights of a port and a starboard of the impacted ship model through a wave height instrument, and acquiring six-degree-of-freedom motion parameters of the two models through an optical three-dimensional motion capturing system.
S3, data processing, namely processing the acquired collision force, wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model and six-degree-of-freedom motion parameter data of the two models, and analyzing to obtain a deep-bumping calendar curve and energy dissipation values in the collision process of the relative wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model.
The analysis method of the deep-impact calendar curve is that, as shown in fig. 12, the deep-impact calendar curve is obtained according to the relative displacement of the collision point P point during the contact period of two ships. The point P represents the point of first contact of two vessels, namely the point of initial impact of the front end vertex of the ship ball bow model and the side of the ship to be impacted in the experiment. The collision points P are assumed to be relatively fixed on the respective ship bodies and not changed along with the deformation of the shipside structures, so that the collision points P can be obtained in a coordinate system of the optical three-dimensional motion capture system at each moment based on the barycentric coordinates of the two ships and a relative position vector with constant size:
wherein, the vector delta represents the depth of collision; A vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the impacting ship; a vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the bumped ship; A vector representing the center of gravity of the impacting ship to the apex of the front end of the bulbous bow; Representing the vector of the center of gravity of the bumped ship to the side of the ship at the point of initial impact. According to the deep collision time calendar curve, the force-displacement curve is obtained by combining the impact force time calendar curve acquired by the pressure sensor, and then the energy absorption characteristic of the broadside collided structure can be obtained by integrating the force-displacement curve.
As shown in FIG. 13, since the relative wave heights of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model are introduced into the measurement error due to the obvious rolling motion of the bumped ship model after being subjected to collision load in the experimental process, the measurement of the relative wave heights is required to be corrected by the rolling motion of the bumped ship model, and the relative water level change condition of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model is obtained by adopting the following steps:
Hp1＝L Left side -ΔL
Hp2＝L Right side +ΔL
Wherein H p1 and H p2 are respectively the changes of the water level of the port and starboard, L Left side and L Right side are respectively measured values of the wave height meter of the port and starboard of the crashed ship model, and DeltaL is the distance of the wave height meter immersed in or lifted out of the water surface due to rolling in the collision process.
The relative wave height Δh of the port and starboard side of the bumped ship model is Δh=h p2－Hp1＝L Left side －L Right side -2 Δl. The fluid resistance caused by the movement of the ship model can be further calculated through the combination of the relative wave height and the wave height change formula, and the influence rule of fluid around the ship model in the collision process is explored.
The analysis method of the collision energy dissipation value comprises the following steps:
(1) According to the energy conservation criterion, the influence of fluid around two ship models is replaced by an additional mass coefficient, and the energy of a system before collision (at the moment t 0, namely the initial moment when the two ship models are contacted, and at the moment, the moment corresponds to the moment when the collision force time curve is rapidly increased from zero) is firstly solved as follows:
Wherein E K0 is kinetic energy of a pre-collision system, M a and M b are mass of an impacting ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, M a and M b are additional mass of heave motion of the impacting ship model and additional mass of heave motion of the crashed ship model respectively, and the values are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software;
(2) The remaining energy of the system after the collision (time t s, namely the time when the two ship models are separated from contact for the first time, and the time corresponding to the time when the collision force time curve falls back to zero) is solved as follows:
Wherein E Kt is kinetic energy of a post-collision system, I a and I b are rotational inertia of a crashed ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, m a,t and m b,t are translational additional mass of the crashed ship model and translational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, J a and J b are rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model and rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, V a,t and V b,t are translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model and translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by an optical three-dimensional motion capturing system, and omega a and omega b are rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model and rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system;
(3) Finally, the energy dissipation value in the collision process is:
ΔE=EK0-EKt。
And S4, measuring the deformation profile and the final deformation of the broadside structure after collision.
Further optimized, the step S1 further comprises the steps of installing a horizontal fixed pulley on the inner side of the pool wall of the long side of the pool, wherein the horizontal fixed pulley is located between the bumped ship model and is close to the bumped ship model, installing a traction device on the pool wall of the short side of the pool, installing an adjustable height limiting pile in the pool between the bumped ship model and the traction device, arranging the traction device close to traction impact, arranging a limiting pile fixed pulley at the top end, installing height-adjustable pull rods on the side of the front two sides of the bumped ship model respectively, connecting one ends of two traction ropes with the pull rods of the left side/the right side of the bumped ship model, and connecting the other ends of the two traction ropes with the traction device after sequentially passing through the horizontal fixed pulley and the limiting pile fixed pulley.
Further preferably, the step S1 further comprises tying a motion stop block on the traction rope, wherein the motion stop block is positioned between the limiting pile fixed pulley and the horizontal fixed pulley, and when the impact ship model moves to be close to the impacted ship model, the motion stop block reaches the limiting pile fixed pulley, and as the traction device continues to operate, the traction rope between the traction device and the limiting pile fixed pulley is broken, so that the impact ship model is released.
The method comprises the steps of step S1, wherein a plurality of collision angle control pulleys are further arranged on the inner side of a pool wall of a long side of a pool, two laser photoelectric switches are arranged in the pool, the two laser photoelectric switches are oppositely arranged and close to a ship to be bumped, an electromagnet device is respectively arranged at the front end and the tail end of the ship to be bumped and comprises an electromagnet base and electromagnets with wires, the wires penetrate through the collision angle control pulleys on the pool wall and are connected with the laser photoelectric switches, the two laser photoelectric switches are connected through the wires to form a loop, the two electromagnets at the front end and the tail end of the ship to be bumped are in a working adsorption state in a tight state in the working process, the position of the ship to be bumped is fixed, the laser photoelectric switches are not blocked, the ship to be bumped is accelerated, the electromagnets are immediately disconnected when the ship to be bumped is moved between the two laser photoelectric switches, the restraint of the ship to be bumped is relieved, and the two models are free to collide.
Further optimized, the step S1 further comprises the step of installing a roller clamping device on the side of the impacting ship model, wherein an end roller of the roller clamping device is in rolling connection with the transverse constraint baffle plate, so that rolling friction between the impacting ship model and the transverse constraint baffle plate is realized.
Further optimizing, the deck height of the impacting ship model is kept lower than the lower edge of the transverse constraint baffle, the movement track of the roller is guaranteed to be always on the baffle, meanwhile, when the rear roller clamping device leaves the baffle, the laser photoelectric switch detects that an object passes through, the electromagnet is disconnected, the movement of the impacting ship can be prevented from being interfered by other devices, meanwhile, the impacting ship is guaranteed to be completely constrained before the impacting, the impacting ship is completely free when the impacting occurs, and the impacting ship is suitable for the impacting working conditions under different impacting parameters.
It should be noted that each step/component described in the present application may be split into more steps/components, or two or more steps/components or part of operations of the steps/components may be combined into new steps/components, according to the implementation needs, to achieve the object of the present application.
The sequence numbers of the steps in the above embodiments do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of the processes should be determined according to the functions and internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. The experimental method for the collision model of the ship in the water pool is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
The method comprises the steps of installing a plurality of collision angle control pulleys on the inner side of a pool wall of the pool, installing two laser photoelectric switches in the pool, oppositely arranging the two laser photoelectric switches, arranging an electromagnet device near the bumped ship model, respectively installing an electromagnet device at the front end and the rear end of the bumped ship model, connecting the electromagnet device with the laser photoelectric switches through wires after passing through the pulleys on the pool wall, connecting the two laser photoelectric switches through wires to form a loop, and fixing the bumped ship position by the two electromagnets at the front end and the rear end of the bumped ship model in a working adsorption state at the moment by the cooperation of the electromagnets and the laser photoelectric switches, wherein the two electromagnets are in a tight state and are in a tight state;
S2, starting an experiment, namely towing an impacted ship model through a towing device to navigate at a preset speed, automatically releasing the impacted ship model by the towing device before the impact is about to happen, immediately disconnecting an electromagnet when the impacted ship model moves between two laser photoelectric switches, and releasing the constraint of the impacted ship model to enable the impacted ship model to collide freely with the impacted ship model;
s3, data processing, namely processing the acquired collision force, wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model and six-degree-of-freedom motion parameter data of the two models, and analyzing to obtain a deep-bumping calendar curve, relative wave heights of the left and right sides of the bumped ship model and energy dissipation values in the collision process;
And S4, measuring the deformation profile and the final deformation of the broadside structure after collision.
2. The method for analyzing the in-pool ship collision model according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method for analyzing the deep-collision time history curve is that it is assumed that the collision points P are all relatively fixed on the respective ship bodies and do not change with the deformation of the side structures, so that the method can be obtained in each moment based on the barycentric coordinates of the two ships and the relative position vector with constant magnitude in the coordinate system of the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system:
wherein, the vector delta represents the depth of collision; A vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the impacting ship; a vector representing the origin in the global coordinate system to the center of gravity of the bumped ship; A vector representing the center of gravity of the impacting ship to the apex of the front end of the bulbous bow; Representing the vector of the center of gravity of the bumped ship to the side of the ship at the point of initial impact.
3. The method for analyzing the relative wave heights of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model in the step S3 is characterized in that the measurement error of the relative wave heights is introduced due to obvious rolling movement of the bumped ship model after the bumped ship model is subjected to collision load in the experimental process, so that the measurement of the relative wave heights is required to be corrected by the rolling movement of the bumped ship model, and the relative water level change condition of the port and starboard sides of the bumped ship model is obtained by adopting the following formula:
Hp1=L Left side -ΔL
Hp2=L Right side +ΔL
Wherein H p1 and H p2 are respectively the changes of the water level of the port and starboard, L Left side and L Right side are respectively measured values of the wave height meter of the port and starboard of the crashed ship model, and DeltaL is the distance of the wave height meter immersed in or lifted out of the water surface due to rolling in the crashing process;
The relative wave height Δh of the port and starboard side of the bumped ship model is Δh=h p2－Hp1=L Left side －L Right side -2 Δl.
4. The method for experimental model of collision of a ship in a water tank according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the method for analyzing the energy dissipation value is as follows:
(1) According to the energy conservation criterion, the influence of fluid around two ship models is replaced by an additional mass coefficient, and the energy of the system before collision is solved firstly:
Wherein E K0 is kinetic energy of a pre-collision system, M a and M b are mass of an impacting ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, M a and M b are additional mass of heave motion of the impacting ship model and additional mass of heave motion of the crashed ship model respectively, and the values are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software;
(2) The residual energy of the system after solving the collision is as follows:
Wherein E Kt is kinetic energy of a post-collision system, I a and I b are rotational inertia of a crashed ship model and a crashed ship model respectively, m a,t and m b,t are translational additional mass of the crashed ship model and translational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, J a and J b are rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model and rotational additional mass of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained according to an empirical formula or numerical software, V a,t and V b,t are translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model and translational linear velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by an optical three-dimensional motion capturing system, and omega a and omega b are rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model and rotational angular velocity of the crashed ship model respectively, which are obtained by processing experimental data recorded by the optical three-dimensional motion capturing system;
(3) Finally, the energy dissipation value in the collision process is:
。
5. The experimental method for the ship collision model in the water tank, which is disclosed in claim 1, is characterized in that a horizontal fixed pulley with adjustable height is arranged on the inner side of the long side of the water tank, the horizontal fixed pulley is positioned between the ship model to be bumped and is close to the ship model to be bumped, the traction device is arranged on the short side of the water tank, an adjustable height limiting pile is arranged between the ship model to be bumped and the traction device, the adjustable height limiting pile is arranged close to the traction device, a limiting pile fixed pulley is arranged at the top end, pull rods with adjustable heights are respectively arranged on the side of the head of the ship model, one end of each pull rope is connected with the pull rod of the port/starboard of the ship model to be bumped, the other end of each pull rope sequentially passes through the horizontal fixed pulley and the limiting pile fixed pulley and then is connected with the traction device, and the pull ropes are cooperated to pull the two sides along the horizontal direction with the same gravity center of the ship model to be bumped by cooperatively adjusting the pull rods, the horizontal fixed pulley and the height of the adjustable height limiting pile.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the traction rope is tied with a movement stop block, the movement stop block is located between the limit pile fixed pulley and the horizontal fixed pulley, when the impacting ship model moves to approach the impacted ship model, the movement stop block reaches the limit pile fixed pulley, and the traction rope between the traction device and the limit pile fixed pulley is broken as the traction device continues to operate, so that the impacting ship model is released.
7. The experimental method for the collision model of the ship in the water pool according to claim 1, wherein a roller clamping device is arranged on the side of the collision ship model, and an end roller of the roller clamping device is in rolling connection with the transverse constraint baffle plate to realize rolling friction between the collision ship model and the transverse constraint baffle plate.
8. The experimental device for the ship collision model in the pool is characterized by comprising a pool system, an experimental data acquisition system and a ship model control system, wherein the pool system comprises a pool, an impacting ship model and a ship model to be impacted are placed in the pool, the two ship models are free to collide under the traction and restraint of the ship model control system, and experimental data in the collision process are captured through the experimental data acquisition system;
The traction device is arranged on the pool, and a height-adjustable limit pile is arranged between the ship model to be bumped and the traction device in the pool;
The experimental data acquisition system comprises a pressure sensor, a wave height instrument and an optical three-dimensional motion capture system, wherein the pressure sensor is arranged between the head end of an impact ship model and an impact head and is used for acquiring an impact force time calendar curve in the impact process;
The ship model control system comprises a transverse constraint baffle, a pull rod, a traction rope, a horizontal fixed pulley, laser photoelectric switches and electromagnets, wherein the two transverse constraint baffles are arranged in a water tank, an accelerating channel for an impacting ship model is formed in the middle of the transverse constraint baffle, the pull rod is arranged at two sides of the head part of the impacting ship model, the height of the pull rod can be adjusted according to the change of the gravity center height of the impacting ship model, the two pull ropes pass through the horizontal fixed pulley arranged on a tank wall, then pass through the limiting pile fixed pulley on the limiting pile with adjustable height in a converging mode, and finally are connected to a traction device on the shore, the two laser photoelectric switches are arranged in the water tank, two sides of the two laser photoelectric switches are oppositely arranged and close to the impacted ship model, an electromagnet device is respectively arranged at the front end and the tail end of the impacted ship model, the electromagnet device comprises an electromagnet base and an electromagnet with a wire, the wire is connected with the laser photoelectric switches after passing through the electromagnet base and the electromagnet device, the two laser photoelectric switches are connected through the wire to form a loop, the laser photoelectric switches are controlled to be in an adsorption state when the two laser photoelectric switches are in no-impacting ship model, the electromagnet wire is combined, the electromagnet wire is blocked by the electromagnet wire of the electromagnetic switches, and the two laser photoelectric switches are automatically blocked by the electromagnet switches, and the two electromagnetic switches are released to the ship model when the two electromagnetic switches are blocked by the electromagnetic switches, and the electromagnetic switches are immediately moved by the ship model, and the electromagnetic switch, and when the electromagnetic switches are immediately released, and when the electromagnetic switch is separated by the ship model.
9. The in-pool marine vessel collision model test apparatus of claim 8, wherein the ship model control system further comprises two movement termination stoppers tied to the two traction ropes respectively and located between the spacing pile fixed pulley and the horizontal fixed pulley, the movement termination stoppers reaching the spacing pile fixed pulley when the collision ship model moves to approach the crashed ship model, and the traction ropes between the traction device and the spacing pile fixed pulley are pulled apart as the traction device continues to operate, thereby releasing the collision ship model.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104006943A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-08-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Pool ship collision experiment system and method |
| CN105758609A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-07-13 | 东南大学 | Bridge pier collision impact test device based on ship anti-collision device and test method of test device |
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