CN119181956A

CN119181956A - Foldable electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN119181956A
Application number: CN202310748649.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛亮; 王家明; 余冬; 王吉康; 刘华涛; 席宝坤; 冯堃
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-06-21
Filing date: 2023-06-21
Publication date: 2024-12-24
Also published as: WO2024260328A1

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides a foldable electronic device, including an antenna. The foldable electronic device includes a first frame and a second frame that can be folded. The antenna uses a portion of the frame of the first frame as a main branch, and a portion of the frame of the second frame as a parasitic branch. The parasitic branch is electrically connected to an electronic component. When the foldable electronic device is in a folded state, the parasitic branch is used to generate a first parasitic resonance and a second parasitic resonance, thereby expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna and improving the communication performance of the foldable electronic device.

Description

Foldable electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a foldable electronic device.

Background

With the increasing demand of people for high-speed data transmission, the development trend of industrial designs (industrial design, ID) of electronic devices is large screen occupation ratio, multiple cameras. This results in a substantial reduction of antenna headroom and an increasing limitation of layout space.

In the current state, the communication frequency band of the electronic device has the coexistence of the frequency bands of the third generation mobile communication technology (3th generation wireless systems,3G), the fourth generation mobile communication technology (4th generation wireless systems,4G) and the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation wireless systems,5G) in a long time, so that the frequency band coverage is wider and wider. Based on these changes, expansion of the operating bandwidth of antennas on electronic devices is becoming urgent.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides foldable electronic equipment, which comprises an antenna. The foldable electronic device includes a first frame and a second frame that are foldably arranged. The antenna uses a part of the frame of the first frame as a radiation branch (comprising a feed point), and uses a part of the frame of the second frame as a parasitic branch, and the parasitic branch is electrically connected with an electronic element.

In a first aspect, a foldable electronic device is provided, including a first housing, a second housing, and a floor, wherein the first housing includes a first frame, the second housing includes a second frame, the first frame is at least partially spaced from the floor, and the second frame is at least partially spaced from the floor; the first frame comprises a first position and a second position, the second frame comprises a third position and a fourth position, the second frame is provided with a first gap at the third position, the second frame is coupled with a floor at the fourth position, a first rotating shaft is positioned between the first shell and the second shell and is respectively and rotatably connected with the first shell and the second shell, the antenna comprises a first radiator and a feed circuit, the first radiator is a conductive part between the first position and the second position of the first frame, the first radiator comprises a feed point, the feed circuit is coupled with the feed point, the second radiator is a conductive part between the third position and the fourth position of the second frame, the length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to the length of the first radiator, the first radiator is a second radiator, the first radiator comprises a fifth junction, the first radiator comprises a first junction, the first junction and the first junction is coupled with the first junction, the first junction comprises the first junction is coupled with the first electronic element, the second end of the first electronic element is coupled with the second connection point, a second gap is formed between the first connection point and the second connection point by the second frame, the first radiator and the second radiator are at least partially overlapped along a first direction based on the foldable electronic device, the first radiator is used for generating first resonance, the second radiator is used for generating first parasitic resonance, and the second radiator and the first electronic element are used for generating second parasitic resonance, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the foldable electronic device.

According to the embodiment of the application, when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state, the first radiator in the antenna is used as a main radiating branch (a branch of a feeding point feeding a signal), the second radiator is used as a parasitic branch, and the second radiator can generate a first parasitic resonance and a second parasitic resonance through coupling with the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic resonance may be determined by the length of the second radiator, and the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance may be brought closer to the first resonance by the length of the second radiator and the electrical parameter of the first electronic element. The first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance may be used to expand an operating bandwidth of the antenna, together supporting one operating frequency band of the foldable electronic device 100.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled with the first connection point and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled with the floor, a length L1 of the second radiator between the first connection point and the third position and a length L2 of the second radiator between the third position and the fourth position satisfy that L2/4+l1+5xl2/12.

According to the embodiment of the application, when the second radiator resonates, an electric field zero point (a large current point) (a current corresponding to the three-quarter wavelength mode and a current zero point included in the electric field distribution) can be generated on the second radiator. The first electronic element is grounded in the electric field zero region, and the quarter-wavelength mode generates an electric field zero near the first connection point, so that the electric field zero is changed into a new three-quarter-wavelength mode. And the frequency of the resonance generated by the new three-quarter wavelength mode can be adjusted by the first electronic component. Meanwhile, since the first connection point is located in the electric field zero point region of the three-quarter wavelength mode, the first electronic element is electrically connected with the floor in the region, the boundary condition is not changed, and the influence of the original three-quarter wavelength mode is small. Thus, the antenna may include two three-quarter wavelength modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic element is greater than 10pF, or an equivalent inductance value of the first electronic element is less than 5nH.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes an electric field null region, the electric field null region includes an electric field null of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, a distance between a point in the electric field null region and the electric field null is less than or equal to 5mm, and the first connection point is located in the electric field null region.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, currents on the second radiator are in the same direction at both sides of the first connection point, and at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, currents on the second radiator are in opposite directions at both sides of the first connection point.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled with the first connection point, the second end of the first electronic component is coupled with the second connection point, a length L3 of the second frame between the first connection point and the fourth position and a length L2 of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position satisfy that L2/4+l3+5xl2/12.

According to the embodiment of the application, when the second radiator resonates, a large electric field point (current zero point) (current corresponding to the three-quarter wavelength mode and current zero point included in the electric field distribution) can be generated on the second radiator. And arranging a second gap in the area of the large electric field point, and generating the large electric field point near the second gap by the quarter wavelength mode to change the mode into a new three-quarter wavelength mode. And the frequency of the resonance generated by the new three-quarter wavelength mode can be adjusted by using the first electronic component. Meanwhile, the second gap is positioned in the area of the large electric field point of the three-quarter wavelength mode, so that the boundary condition is not changed, and the influence of the original three-quarter wavelength mode is small. Thus, the antenna may include two three-quarter wavelength modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic element is less than 1pF, or the first electronic element is an inductance.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes a current zero region, the current zero region includes a current zero of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, a distance between a point in the current zero region and the current zero is less than or equal to 5mm, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the current zero region.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, an electric field between the second radiator and the floor is reversed on both sides of the second slot.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, a difference in frequency between a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to five-half and less than or equal to seven-half of the length of the first radiator, and a difference in frequency between a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the first frame opens a third slit at the first position, the first frame is coupled to the floor at the second position, and the first slit and the third slit are aligned along the first direction or the second slit and the third slit are aligned along the first direction based on the foldable electronic device being in a folded state.

In a second aspect, a foldable electronic device is provided, including a first housing, a second housing, and a floor, wherein the first housing includes a first frame, the second housing includes a second frame, the first frame is at least partially spaced apart from the floor, and the second frame is at least partially spaced apart from the floor; the first frame comprises a first position and a second position; the second frame comprises a third position and a fourth position, a first rotating shaft and an antenna, wherein the first rotating shaft is positioned between the first shell and the second shell, the first rotating shaft is respectively in rotary connection with the first shell and the second shell, the antenna comprises a first radiator and a feed circuit, the first radiator is a conductive part of the first frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator comprises a feed point, the feed circuit is coupled with the feed point, the second radiator and a first electronic element, the second radiator is a conductive part of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position, the length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to three-half of the length of the first radiator, the second frame is respectively provided with a first gap and a second gap at the third position and the fourth position, the second radiator comprises a first connecting point, the first electronic element is coupled with the first radiating element, the second radiator is positioned in the center of the first connecting point or the center region of the first radiating element, the second radiating element is less than or equal to the center region of the first radiating element, the second radiating element is positioned in the center region of the center of the first connecting point or the first radiating element, the second radiating element is less than the center region of the center of the first radiating element, the second radiating element is less than the center of the first radiating element, the first radiating element is coupled with the second radiating element is positioned in the center of the center region of the first radiating element, the second radiating element is positioned in the second radiating element, the second radiating element is between the first radiating element is located in the second radiating element is between the first radiating element is and, the second frame is coupled with the floor at the third position and the fourth position, the second radiator comprises a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic element is coupled with the first connection point, the second end of the first electronic element is coupled with the second connection point, a third gap is formed between the first connection point and the second connection point, the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the central area, and based on the foldable electronic device, the first radiator and the second radiator at least partially overlap along a first direction, the first radiator is used for generating first resonance, the second radiator is used for generating first parasitic resonance, the second radiator and the first electronic element are used for generating second parasitic resonance, and the first direction is the thickness direction of the foldable electronic device.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, based on the first end of the first electronic element being coupled with the first connection point and the second end of the first electronic element being coupled with the floor, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic element is greater than 10pF, or an equivalent inductance value of the first electronic element is less than 5nH.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second radiator includes an electric field null region when generating the first parasitic resonance, the electric field null region includes an electric field null when generating the first parasitic resonance by the second radiator, a distance between a point in the electric field null region and the electric field null is less than or equal to 5mm, and the first connection point is located in the electric field null region.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, currents on the second radiator are in the same direction on both sides of the first connection point, and at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, currents on the second radiator are in opposite directions on both sides of the first connection point.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, based on the first end of the first electronic element being coupled with the first connection point and the second end of the first electronic element being coupled with the second connection point, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic element is less than 1pF, or the first electronic element is an inductance.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second radiator includes a current zero region when generating the first parasitic resonance, the current zero region includes a current zero when generating the first parasitic resonance by the second radiator, a distance between a point in the current zero region and the current zero is less than or equal to 5mm, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the current zero region.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, an electric field between the second radiator and the floor is in a same direction at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, and an electric field between the second radiator and the floor is reversed at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, at both sides of the third gap.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, a difference in frequency between a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, a length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to three-half and less than or equal to five-half of a length of the first radiator, and a difference in frequency between a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first frame opens a fourth slit at the first position, the first frame is coupled to a floor at the second position, and the fourth slit and the third slit are aligned along the first direction, or the fourth slit and the second slit are aligned along the first direction, or the fourth slit and the first slit are aligned along the first direction, based on the foldable electronic device being in a folded state.

In a third aspect, a foldable electronic device is provided, including a first housing, a second housing, and a floor, wherein the first housing includes a first frame, the second housing includes a second frame, the first frame is at least partially spaced from the floor, and the second frame is at least partially spaced from the floor; the first frame comprises a first position and a second position; the second frame comprising a third position and a fourth position, a first rotation axis located between the first housing and the second housing and being in rotational connection with the first housing and the second housing, respectively, and an antenna comprising a first radiator and a feed circuit, the first radiator being a conductive part of the first frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator comprising a feed point, the feed circuit being coupled with the feed point, and a second radiator and a first electronic element, the second radiator being a conductive part of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position, wherein, based on the foldable electronic device being in a folded state, the first radiator and the second radiator at least partly overlap in a first direction, the first radiator being for generating a first parasitic resonance, the second radiator and the first electronic element being for generating a second parasitic resonance, wherein the first parasitic resonance region is a folded region, the electric field zero region comprises an electric field zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between a point in the electric field zero region and the electric field zero point is less than or equal to 5mm, the second radiator comprises a first connection point, a first end of the first electronic element is coupled with the first connection point, a second end of the first electronic element is coupled with the floor, the first connection point is located in the electric field zero region, or the second radiator comprises a current zero point region at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the current zero point region comprises a current zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between the point in the current zero point region and the current zero point is less than or equal to 5mm, the second radiator comprises a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic element is coupled with the first connection point, the second end of the first electronic element is coupled with the second connection point, the second radiator is located in the frame, and the second radiator is located between the first connection point and the first connection point is located in the frame.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the floor, currents on the second radiator are in the same direction at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance on both sides of the first connection point, and currents on the second radiator are in opposite directions at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance on both sides of the first connection point.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, based on that a first end of the first electronic element is coupled to the first connection point and a second end of the first electronic element is coupled to the second connection point, an electric field between the second radiator and the floor is in a same direction at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance on both sides of the first slot, and an electric field between the second radiator and the floor is reversed at a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance on both sides of the first slot.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in three-quarter mode, the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in one-quarter mode, or the first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in a differential mode, and the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in a common mode.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, a difference in frequency between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz, and/or a difference in frequency between the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200MHz.

With reference to the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance are configured to collectively support one operating frequency band of the electronic device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the foldable electronic device 100 in an folded-out state.

Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of the foldable electronic device 100 in one possible unfolded state.

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the foldable electronic device 100 in one possible folded state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of the foldable electronic device 100 in one possible partially unfolded state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a common mode structure of an antenna and corresponding current and electric field distribution.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a differential mode structure of an antenna and corresponding current and electric field distribution.

Fig. 8 is a graph showing the structure of the common mode of the antenna and the corresponding current, electric field and magnetic current distribution.

Fig. 9 is a diagram showing the structure of the differential mode of the antenna and the corresponding current, electric field and magnetic current distribution.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution at a second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.85 GHz) in the vicinity of a second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution at a first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.96 GHz) in the vicinity of a second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of another foldable electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 19 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution at a first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.94 GHz) in the vicinity of a second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the electric field and current distribution at a second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.98 GHz) in the vicinity of the first radiator in the antenna 200 of fig. 18.

Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of yet another foldable electronic device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 24 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23.

Fig. 25 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23.

Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of another foldable electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of a distribution device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 28 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26.

Fig. 29 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26.

Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram showing an electric field distribution at the first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.91 GHz) in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26.

Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of an electric field distribution in the vicinity of the first radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26 at a second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.97 GHz).

Fig. 32 is a schematic diagram of yet another foldable electronic device 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 33 is a diagram of S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32.

Fig. 34 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application will be explained.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely a field that describes the same associated object, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., A and/or B, and that there may be three cases where A alone exists, while A and B exist, and B alone exists. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

As used herein, "within a range," unless otherwise indicated, includes both ends of the range by default, e.g., in the range of 1 to 5, including both values of 1 and 5.

Coupled, may be understood as directly coupled and/or indirectly coupled, and "coupled connection" may be understood as directly coupled connection and/or indirectly coupled connection. The direct coupling may be referred to as "electrical connection" or "indirect coupling" which is understood to mean that the components are in physical contact and electrically conductive, or may be understood to mean that different components in the circuit configuration are connected by a physical circuit capable of transmitting an electrical signal, such as a copper foil or a wire of a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), and the two conductors are electrically conductive in a spaced/non-contact manner. In one embodiment, the indirect coupling may also be referred to as capacitive coupling, such as by coupling between a gap between two conductive elements to form an equivalent capacitance to effect signal transmission.

Element/device comprising at least one of lumped element/device, distributed element/device.

Lumped elements/devices refer to the collective term for all elements when the size of the elements is much smaller than the wavelength at which the circuit operates at a frequency that is relatively. For a signal, the element characteristics remain fixed regardless of time, regardless of frequency.

Unlike lumped elements, distributed elements/devices, if the size of the element is about the same or greater than the wavelength of the circuit operating frequency, then the characteristics of each point of the element itself will be different from the signal as it passes through the element, and the element as a whole cannot be considered as a single body with fixed characteristics, but rather is referred to as a distributed element.

Capacitance-can be understood as lumped capacitance and/or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitive elements, and distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive elements separated by a gap.

Inductance is understood to be lumped inductance and/or distributed inductance. Lumped inductance refers to inductive components, such as inductive elements, and distributed inductance (or distributed inductance) refers to the equivalent inductance formed by a length of conductive elements.

The radiator is a device for receiving/transmitting electromagnetic wave radiation in the antenna. In some cases, an "antenna" is understood in a narrow sense as a radiator that converts guided wave energy from a transmitter into radio waves, or converts radio waves into guided wave energy for radiating and receiving radio waves. The modulated high frequency current energy (or guided wave energy) produced by the transmitter is transmitted via the feeder to the transmitting radiator, where it is converted into electromagnetic wave energy of a certain polarization and radiated in a desired direction. The receiving radiator converts electromagnetic wave energy from a certain polarization in a particular direction in space into modulated high frequency current energy which is fed via a feeder to the receiver input.

The radiator may include a conductor having a specific shape and size, such as a wire shape, a sheet shape, or the like, and the present application is not limited to a specific shape. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be simply referred to as a linear antenna. In one embodiment, the linear radiator may be implemented by a conductive bezel, which may also be referred to as a bezel antenna. In one embodiment, the wire-shaped radiator may be implemented by a bracket conductor, which may also be referred to as a bracket antenna. In one embodiment, the wire diameter (e.g., including thickness and width) of the wire radiator, or the radiator of the wire antenna, is much smaller (e.g., less than 1/16 of a wavelength) than the wavelength (e.g., a medium wavelength), and the length may be compared to the wavelength (e.g., about 1/8 of a wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer). The main forms of the line antenna are dipole antennas, half-wave element antennas, monopole antennas, loop antennas and inverted-F antennas (also called IFA, inverted F Antenna). For example, for dipole antennas, each dipole antenna typically includes two radiating branches, each branch being fed by a feed from a feed end of the radiating branch. For example, an inverted-F Antenna (Inverted-F Antenna, IFA) may be considered to be a monopole Antenna with the addition of a ground path. IFA antennas have one feed point and one ground point and are referred to as inverted F antennas because of their inverted F shape in side view. In one embodiment, the patch radiator may comprise a microstrip antenna, or patch antenna, such as a planar inverted-F antenna (also known as PIFA, planar Inverted F Antenna). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may be implemented by a planar conductor (e.g., a conductive sheet or conductive coating, etc.). In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may comprise a conductive sheet, such as a copper sheet or the like. In one embodiment, the sheet radiator may include a conductive coating, such as silver paste or the like. The shape of the sheet radiator includes a circular shape, a rectangular shape, a ring shape, etc., and the present application is not limited to a specific shape. The microstrip antenna generally comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiator and a floor, wherein the dielectric substrate is disposed between the radiator and the floor.

The radiator may also comprise a slot or slit formed in the conductor, for example, a closed or semi-closed slot or slit formed in the grounded conductor surface. In one embodiment, the slotted or slotted radiator may be referred to simply as a slot antenna or slot antenna. In one embodiment, the radial dimension (e.g., including the width) of the slot or slot of the slot antenna/slot antenna is substantially smaller (e.g., less than 1/16 of a wavelength) than the wavelength (e.g., the medium wavelength), and the length dimension may be comparable to the wavelength (e.g., about 1/8 of a wavelength, or 1/8 to 1/4, or 1/4 to 1/2, or longer) of the length (e.g., the medium wavelength). In one embodiment, a radiator with a closed slot or slit may be referred to simply as a closed slot antenna. In one embodiment, a radiator having a semi-closed slot or slit (e.g., an opening added to the closed slot or slit) may be referred to simply as an open slot antenna. In some embodiments, the slit shape is elongated. In some embodiments, the length of the slot is about half a wavelength (e.g., the medium wavelength). In some embodiments, the length of the slot is about an integer multiple of the wavelength (e.g., one time the medium wavelength). In some embodiments, the slot may be fed with a transmission line connected across one or both of its sides, whereby the slot is excited with a radio frequency electromagnetic field and radiates electromagnetic waves into space. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or the slot antenna can be realized by a conductive frame with two ends grounded, and can also be called as a frame antenna, and in this embodiment, the slot antenna or the slot antenna can be regarded as comprising a linear radiator which is arranged at intervals from a floor and is grounded at two ends of the radiator, so that a closed or semi-closed slot or slot is formed. In one embodiment, the radiator of the slot antenna or slot antenna may be implemented by a bracket conductor with both ends grounded, which may also be referred to as a bracket antenna.

The feed circuit/feed structure is a combination of all components of the antenna for the purpose of reception and transmission of radio frequency waves. In the case of a receive antenna, the feed circuit may be considered as the antenna portion from the first amplifier to the front-end transmitter. In a transmitting antenna, the feed circuit may be considered as part of the transmit antenna after the last power amplifier. In some cases, the term "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense to mean a radio frequency chip, or a transmission path that includes the radio frequency chip to a feed point on a radiator or transmission line. The feed circuit has a function of converting radio waves into electric signals and transmitting them to the receiver assembly. In general, it is considered to be part of an antenna for converting radio waves into electrical signals and vice versa. The antenna design should take into account the maximum power transmission possibilities and efficiency. For this purpose, the antenna feed impedance must be matched to the load resistance. The antenna feed impedance is a combination of resistance, capacitance and inductance. To ensure maximum power transfer conditions, the two impedances (load resistance and feed impedance) should be matched. Matching may be accomplished by considering frequency requirements and design parameters of the antenna (e.g., gain, directivity, and radiation efficiency).

End/point "in the first end/second end/feed end/ground end/feed point/ground point/connection point of the antenna radiator is not to be construed narrowly as necessarily being an end point or end physically disconnected from other radiators, but may also be considered as a point or a segment on a continuous radiator. In one embodiment, an "end/point" may include a connection/coupling region on the antenna radiator to which other conductive structures are coupled, e.g., a feed end/feed point may be a coupling region on the antenna radiator to which a feed structure or a feed circuit is coupled (e.g., a region facing a portion of the feed circuit), and a ground end/ground point may be a connection/coupling region on the antenna radiator to which a ground structure or a ground circuit is coupled.

Open end, closed end-in some embodiments, the open end and closed end are, for example, with respect to whether or not grounded, the closed end being grounded, and the open end not being grounded. In some embodiments, the open end and the closed end are, for example, relative to other electrical conductors, the closed end being electrically connected to the other electrical conductors, the open end not being electrically connected to the other electrical conductors. In one embodiment, the open end may also be referred to as a floating end, a free end, an open end, or an open end. In one embodiment, the closed end may also be referred to as a ground end, or a shorted end. It should be appreciated that in some embodiments, other electrical conductors may be connected through open-ended coupling to transfer coupling energy (which may be understood as transferring current).

In some embodiments, the "closed end" may also be understood from the perspective of current distribution, closed end or ground end, etc., may be understood as a large current point on the radiator, and may also be understood as a small electric field point on the radiator, in one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of its large current point/small electric field point may not be changed by the closed end coupling electronics (e.g., capacitance, inductance, etc.), and in one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of its large current point/small electric field point may not be changed by the slots (e.g., slots filled with insulating material) at or near the closed end.

In some embodiments, the understanding of "open end" may also be from a current distribution perspective, open end or floating end, etc., may be understood as a small current point on the radiator, and may also be understood as a large electric field point on the radiator, and in one embodiment, the current distribution characteristics of its small current point/large electric field point may not be changed by the open end coupling electronics (e.g., capacitance, inductance, etc.).

It will be appreciated that the radiator end at one slot (similar to the radiator at the opening of the open or floating end in terms of the structure of the radiator) may be made current large/electric field small by coupling with electronics (e.g. capacitance, inductance, etc.), in which case it will be appreciated that the radiator end at that slot is actually a closed or grounded end, etc.

Resonance/resonant frequency-the resonant frequency is also called resonant frequency. The resonant frequency may refer to a frequency at which the imaginary part of the input impedance of the antenna is zero. The resonance frequency may have a frequency range, i.e. a frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency may be less than-20 dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, in the "generating a first resonance" of the antenna/radiator according to the present application, the first resonance should be a fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna/radiator, or a resonance with the lowest frequency generated by the antenna/radiator.

Resonant frequency band/communication frequency band/operating frequency band-whatever the type of antenna, always operates within a certain frequency range (frequency band width). For example, the operating band of the antenna supporting the B40 band includes frequencies in the range of 2300mhz to 240mhz, or that is, the operating band of the antenna includes the B40 band. The frequency range meeting the index requirements can be regarded as the operating frequency band of the antenna.

The electrical length may refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e., the mechanical length or the geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave, which may satisfy the following equation:

where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

The wavelength, or the operating wavelength, may be a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 upstream band (resonance frequency of 1920MHz to 1980 MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength may be a wavelength calculated using the frequency of 1955 MHz. The "operating wavelength" may also refer to, without limitation to the center frequency, a wavelength corresponding to a resonance frequency or a non-center frequency of an operating frequency band.

It will be appreciated that the wavelength of the radiated signal in air can be calculated as (air wavelength, or vacuum wavelength) =speed of light/frequency, where frequency is the frequency of the radiated signal (MHz) and the speed of light can take 3×108m/s. The wavelength of the radiation signal in the medium can be calculated as follows: Where ε is the relative permittivity of the medium. The wavelength in the embodiment of the present application is generally referred to as a dielectric wavelength, which may be a dielectric wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of a resonant frequency, or a dielectric wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of an operating frequency band supported by an antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 upstream band (resonance frequency of 1920MHz to 1980 MHz) is 1955MHz, that wavelength may be a medium wavelength calculated using this frequency of 1955 MHz. The "dielectric wavelength" may also refer to, without limitation to the center frequency, a dielectric wavelength corresponding to a resonance frequency or a non-center frequency of the operating frequency band. For ease of understanding, the medium wavelengths mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be calculated simply by the relative dielectric constants of the medium filled in one or more sides of the radiator.

Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency) refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the ports of the antenna.

Antenna radiation efficiency (radiation efficiency) refers to the ratio of the power radiated out of the antenna into space (i.e., the power that effectively converts the electromagnetic wave portion) to the active power input to the antenna. Wherein active power input to the antenna = input power of the antenna-loss power, the loss power mainly comprising return loss power and ohmic loss power and/or dielectric loss power of the metal. The radiation efficiency is a value for measuring the radiation capacity of the antenna, and the metal loss and the dielectric loss are both influencing factors of the radiation efficiency.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the efficiency is generally expressed in terms of a percentage, which has a corresponding scaling relationship with dB, the closer the efficiency is to 0dB, the better the efficiency characterizing the antenna.

Antenna return loss is understood to be the ratio of the power of the signal reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the power transmitted by the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

The antenna return loss can be represented by an S11 parameter, S11 belonging to one of the S parameters. S11 represents a reflection coefficient, which can characterize the quality of the antenna transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number, the smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the return loss of the antenna is, that is, the more energy reflected by the antenna is, that is, the more energy actually enters the antenna, the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is, and the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the return loss of the antenna is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.

It should be noted that, engineering generally uses an S11 value of-6 dB as a standard, and when the S11 value of the antenna is smaller than-6 dB, the antenna can be considered to work normally, or the transmission efficiency of the antenna can be considered to be better.

Ground (GND) may refer broadly to at least a portion of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc., within an electronic device (e.g., a cell phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground components, etc., and "ground" may be used for grounding of components within the electronic device. In one embodiment, the "ground" may be a ground layer of a circuit board of the electronic device, or may be a ground plate formed by a middle frame of the electronic device or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under a screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board may be a printed circuit board (printed circuit board, PCB), such as an 8-, 10-, 13-, or 12-14 layer board with 8, 10-, 12-, 13-, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, or the like. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a ground layer, and a trace layer, the trace layer and the ground layer being electrically connected by vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, system on chip (SoC) structure, etc., may be mounted on or connected to a circuit board or electrically connected to trace layers and/or ground layers in the circuit board. For example, the radio frequency source is disposed on the trace layer.

Any of the above ground layers, or ground plates, or ground metal layers are made of conductive materials. In one embodiment, the conductive material may be any one of copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate and tin plated copper, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite coated substrate, a copper plated substrate, a brass plated substrate, and an aluminized substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the ground layer/plate/metal layer may be made of other conductive materials.

Grounding means coupling to the ground/floor by any means. In one embodiment, the grounding may be through physical grounding, such as through a portion of the structural members of the middle frame to achieve physical grounding (otherwise known as physical grounding) of a particular location on the frame. In one embodiment, the ground may be through a device ground, such as through a series or parallel capacitance/inductance/resistance or the like (alternatively referred to as device ground).

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a foldable electronic device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application. The foldable electronic device 100 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an electronic reader, a notebook computer, a wearable device such as a wristwatch, or the like, which has a folding function. The embodiment shown in fig. 1 is illustrated by way of example as a foldable cellular phone.

Referring to fig. 1, the foldable electronic device 100 may include a flexible display 110, a first bezel 121, a first cover 122, a second bezel 123, a second cover 124, and a rotation shaft 125. In some embodiments, the first bezel 121, the first cover 122, the second bezel 123, and the second cover 124 may form a first housing 126 and a second housing 127 that support the flexible display 110. In other embodiments, at least one of the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may include a display screen.

The filling of the dot matrix pattern in fig. 1 may schematically represent the flexible display 110. The flexible display 110 may have the characteristics of being flexible and bendable, and may provide a new way for the user to interact based on the bendable characteristics. The display panel of the flexible display 110 may be any one of, for example, a liquid crystal flexible display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic LIGHT EMITTING diode (AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (flex), a quantum dot LIGHT EMITTING diodes (QLED), etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

The flexible display 110 may include a first display portion 111 corresponding to the first housing 126, a second display portion 112 corresponding to the second housing 127, and a foldable display portion 113 corresponding to the rotation shaft 125. The foldable display portion 113 may be connected between the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112.

The first frame 121 may surround the outer periphery of the first cover 122, and at least a portion of the first frame 121 may further surround the outer periphery of the first display portion 111. The first display portion 111 may be disposed parallel to the first cover 122 at a distance, and the first display portion 111 and the first cover 122 may be located at two sides of the first frame 121. The space between the first display part 111 and the first cover 122 may be used to provide devices of the foldable electronic device 100, such as an antenna, a circuit board assembly, and the like.

The second frame 123 may surround the outer periphery of the second cover 124, and at least a portion of the second frame 123 may further surround the outer periphery of the second display portion 112. The second display portion 112 may be disposed parallel to the second cover 124 at a distance, and the second display portion 112 and the second cover 124 may be located at two sides of the second frame 123. The space between the second display 112 and the second cover 124 may be used to provide devices of the foldable electronic device 100, such as an antenna, a circuit board assembly, and the like.

In an embodiment of the present application, the cover and the frame may be two parts of the housing of the foldable electronic device 100, and the cover and the frame may be connected, and the connection may not be in an assembly manner such as clamping, bonding, welding, riveting, clearance fit, or the like. The connection between the cover and the rim is often difficult to separate. In another embodiment provided by the application, the cover and the frame may be two different components. By fitting the cover body with the bezel, a housing of the foldable electronic device 100 can be formed.

The frame can be at least partially used as an antenna radiator to receive/transmit frequency signals, and a gap can exist between the part of the frame used as the radiator and other parts of the cover body, so that the antenna radiator is guaranteed to have a good radiation environment. In one embodiment, the cover may be provided with a break at the portion of the rim that acts as a radiator to facilitate radiation from the antenna.

The antenna of the electronic device 100 may also be disposed within the bezel. When the bezel of the electronic device 100 is a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator may be located within the electronic device 100 and disposed along the bezel. For example, the antenna radiator is disposed against the frame, so as to reduce the volume occupied by the antenna radiator as much as possible, and be closer to the outside of the electronic device 100, so as to achieve a better signal transmission effect. It should be noted that the arrangement of the antenna radiator against the frame means that the antenna radiator may be arranged against the frame, or may be arranged close to the frame, for example, a certain small gap may be formed between the antenna radiator and the frame.

The antenna of the electronic device 100 may also be disposed within a housing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter wave antenna, or the like (not shown in fig. 1). The headroom of the antenna arranged in the shell can be obtained by the cover body and/or the frame and/or the slotting/opening on any one of the display screens, or by the non-conductive slots/apertures formed between any two, and the headroom of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be appreciated that the headroom of the antenna may be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 100 through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna may be in the form of a flexible motherboard (flexible printed circuit, FPC) based antenna, a laser-direct-structuring (LDS) based antenna, or a Microstrip DISK ANTENNA (MDA) based antenna. In one embodiment, the antenna may also be a transparent structure embedded in the display of the electronic device 100, such that the antenna is a transparent antenna unit embedded in the display of the electronic device 100.

The foldable electronic device 100 may also include a printed circuit board PCB (not shown in the figures). The PCB is arranged in a cavity formed by the cover body. Wherein, the PCB can be made of flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric board, rogers dielectric board, mixed dielectric board of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame resistant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric board is a high frequency board. The PCB17 carries electronic components, such as radio frequency chips and the like. In one embodiment, a metal layer may be provided on the printed circuit board PCB. The metal layer may be used for grounding electronic components carried on a printed circuit board PCB, or for grounding other components, such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc., and may be referred to as a ground plate, or ground layer. In one embodiment, the metal layer may be formed by etching metal at the surface of any one of the dielectric plates in the PCB. In one embodiment, the metal layer for grounding may be disposed on a side of the printed circuit board PCB that is adjacent to the flexible display screen 110. In one embodiment, the edge of the PCB may be considered the edge of its ground plane. The electronic device 100 may also have other floors/ground plates/layers, as previously described, which are not described here.

The rotation shaft 125 may be connected between the first housing 126 and the second housing 127. The first housing 126 and the second housing 127 may be moved toward or away from each other by the rotation shaft 125. Accordingly, the first display portion 111 of the flexible display screen 110 and the second display portion 112 of the flexible display screen 110 may be close to or far from each other, so that the flexible display screen 110 may be folded or unfolded.

In one example, the shaft 125 may include, for example, a main shaft, a first connection assembly, a second connection assembly. The first connecting component can be fixed with the first cover 122, the second connecting component can be fixed with the second cover 124, and the first connecting component and the second connecting component can rotate relative to the main shaft. The first connecting component and the second connecting component can drive the first shell 126 and the second shell 127 to move mutually, so as to realize the opening and closing functions of the foldable electronic device 100.

The foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 1 is currently in an unfolded state. In the unfolded state, the angle between the first housing 126 and the second housing 127 may be about 180 °. The flexible display 110 may be in an expanded state as shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 2 shows one possible folded state of the foldable electronic device 100. Wherein fig. 2 shows an outwardly folded state of the foldable electronic device 100 (the outwardly folded state may be simply referred to as an outwardly folded state). The folded-out state shown in fig. 2 may be, for example, a left-right folded-out state or a top-bottom folded-out state. One possible folded state of the foldable electronic device 100 is described below in connection with fig. 1 and 2.

In an embodiment of the present application, when the foldable electronic device 100 is in a folded state, it may mean that the foldable electronic device 100 is currently bent, and the bending degree of the foldable electronic device 100 is maximized. At this time, the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may be disposed approximately parallel to each other at a distance, and face to face, and the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may have a minimum distance, at least a portion of the first housing 126 and the second housing 127 may be accommodated in a space surrounded by the flexible display 110, and the first display 111, the first housing 126, the second housing 127, and the second display 112 may be stacked in this order. Similarly, the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112 may be approximately parallel and spaced apart from each other, and the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may be spaced apart by a distance smaller than the distance between the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112. At this time, the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112 may be regarded as being located on different planes.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, when the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded-out state, the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may be close to each other, and the first display 111 and the second display 112 may be close to each other. The first display part 111, the second display part 112, and the foldable display part 123 may form a housing area for accommodating the first cover 122, the second cover 124, and the rotation shaft 125. That is, the first cover 122, the second cover 124, and the rotation shaft 125 may be accommodated in a space between the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112.

It should be appreciated that the foldable electronic device 100 may be folded inwardly (the inwardly folded state may be referred to simply as an inwardly folded state). When the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the first cover 122 and the second cover 124 may be close to each other, and the first display portion 111 and the second display portion 112 may be close to each other. The first cover 122, the second cover 124, and the rotation shaft 125 may form a housing area for accommodating the first display part 111, the second display part 112, and the foldable display part 123. That is, the first display portion 111, the second display portion 112, and the foldable display portion 123 may be accommodated in the space between the first cover 122 and the second cover 124.

The foldable electronic device 100 may be switched between a folded state and an unfolded state. When the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the occupied space of the foldable electronic device 100 is relatively small, and when the foldable electronic device 100 is in the unfolded state, the foldable electronic device 100 can display a relatively large screen to increase the viewable range of the user.

The foldable electronic device 100 may also include a third housing 128 and a hinge 129, as shown in fig. 3. The rotation shaft 129 may be connected between the third housing 128 and the second housing 127. The third housing 128 and the second housing 127 may be close to or far from each other. As the number of foldable parts of the foldable electronic device 100 increases, the occupied space of the foldable electronic device 100 can be further reduced in the folded state downward while maintaining the same screen size in the unfolded state.

In the foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 3, however, since there are three foldable parts (the first casing 126, the second casing 127, and the third casing 128), the foldable electronic device 100 has three modes, i.e., 1, unfolded state, 2, folded state, 3, partially unfolded state.

1. As shown in fig. 3, is one possible unfolded state of the foldable electronic device 100. In the unfolded state, the angle between the first, second and third housings 126, 127 and 128 may be about 180 °. The flexible display 110 may be in an expanded state.

2. As shown in fig. 4, one possible folded state (tri-folded state) of the foldable electronic device 100. In the folded state, the first and second housings 126 and 127 rotate along the rotation axis 125, and the second and third housings 127 and 128 rotate along the rotation axis 129, so that the bending degree of the foldable electronic device 100 is maximized. At this time, the first, second and third housings 126, 127 and 128 may be regarded as being located on different planes.

3. As shown in fig. 5, is one possible partially unfolded state (two-folded state) of the foldable electronic device 100. In the partially deployed state, the angle between the first housing 126 and the second housing 127 may be about 180 °, and the second housing 127 and the third housing 128 may be rotated about the rotation axis 129 to bring the third housing 128 closer to the second housing 127. At this time, the first housing 126 and the second housing 127 are regarded as being located on the same plane, and the second housing 127 and the third housing 128 may be regarded as being located on different planes. In another possible partially deployed state, the angle between the third housing 128 and the second housing 127 may be about 180 ° and the first housing 126 and the second housing 127 are rotated about the axis of rotation 125 to bring the first housing 126 closer to the second housing 127.

Fig. 1 only schematically illustrates some components included in the electronic device 100, and the actual shape, actual size, and actual configuration of these components are not limited by fig. 1.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the surface where the display screen of the electronic device is located may be considered as the front surface, the surface where the rear cover is located is the back surface, and the surface where the bezel is located is the side surface.

It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the electronic device is considered to be held by a user (typically held vertically and facing the screen) in an orientation having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side. It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the electronic device is considered to be held by a user (typically held vertically and facing the screen) in an orientation having a top, a bottom, a left side, and a right side.

First, the present application will be described with reference to fig. 6 to 9, which will relate to four antenna modes. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a common mode structure of an antenna and corresponding current and electric field distribution. Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a differential mode structure of another antenna and corresponding current and electric field distribution. The antenna radiator in fig. 6 and 7 is open at both ends, and its common mode and differential mode may be referred to as a line common mode and a line differential mode, respectively. Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a common mode structure of an antenna and corresponding current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a differential mode structure of another antenna and corresponding current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution. The antenna radiator in fig. 8 and 9 is grounded at both ends, and its common mode and differential mode may be referred to as a slot common mode and a slot differential mode, respectively.

It should be understood that the "common mode" or the "CM mode" in the present application includes a line common mode and a slot common mode, and the "differential mode" or the "DM mode" in the present application includes a line differential mode and a slot differential mode, which may be determined according to the structure of the antenna.

It should be understood that the "co-differential mode" or "CM-DM mode" in the present application refers to a line common mode and a line differential mode generated on the same radiator, or refers to a slot common mode and a slot differential mode generated on the same radiator, and may be specifically determined according to the structure of an antenna.

1. Line Common Mode (CM) mode

Fig. 6a shows that both ends of the radiator of the antenna 40 are open, and a feed circuit (not shown) is connected at an intermediate position 41. In one embodiment, the feed form of the antenna 40 employs a symmetrical feed (SYMMETRICAL FEED). The feed circuit may be connected at an intermediate position 41 of the antenna 40 by a feed line 42. It is to be understood that symmetrical feeding is to be understood as a feeding circuit with one end connected to the radiator and the other end grounded, wherein the feeding circuit and the radiator connection point (feeding point) are located in the centre of the radiator, which may be for example the midpoint of the geometry or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a region within a certain range around the midpoint).

The intermediate position 41 of the antenna 40 may be, for example, the geometric center of the antenna or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, where the feed line 42 connects with the antenna 40, covers the intermediate position 41.

Fig. 6 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 40. As shown in fig. 6 (b), the current exhibits an inverse distribution, e.g., a symmetrical distribution, on both sides of the intermediate position 41 and the electric field exhibits a equidirectional distribution on both sides of the intermediate position 41. As shown in (b) of fig. 6, the current at the feeder 42 exhibits a homodromous distribution. Such feeding shown in fig. 6 (a) may be referred to as line CM feeding based on the current sharing at the feeder 42. Such an antenna pattern shown in fig. 6 (b) may be referred to as a line CM pattern (also simply referred to as a CM pattern, for example, for a line antenna, the CM pattern is referred to as a line CM pattern) based on the reverse distribution of the current on both sides where the radiator and the feeder 42 are connected. The current and the electric field shown in fig. 6 (b) may be referred to as a current and an electric field of the line CM mode, respectively.

The current is strong at the intermediate position 41 of the antenna 40 (the current large point is located near the intermediate position 41 of the antenna 40), and weak at both ends of the antenna 40, as shown in (b) of fig. 6. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 41 of the antenna 40 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 40.

2. Line differential mode (DIFFERENTIAL MODE, DM) mode

As shown in fig. 7 (a), both right and left ends of the two radiators of the antenna 50 are open ends, and a feed circuit is connected at an intermediate position 51. In one embodiment, the feed form of the antenna 50 employs an anti-symmetric feed (anti-SYMMETRICAL FEED). One end of the feed circuit is connected to one of the radiators by a feed line 52, and the other end of the feed circuit is connected to the other radiator by a feed line 52. The intermediate position 51 may be the geometric center of the antenna 50 or a gap formed between the radiators.

It should be understood that the reference to "central antisymmetric feed" in the present application is to be understood as meaning that the positive and negative poles of the feed unit are connected to two connection points near the above-mentioned midpoint of the radiator, respectively. In one embodiment, the signals output by the positive and negative poles of the feed unit are identical in amplitude and opposite in phase, e.g., 180++10° out of phase.

Fig. 7 (b) shows the current and electric field distribution of the antenna 50. As shown in fig. 7 (b), the current is distributed in the same direction, for example in an antisymmetric manner, on both sides of the middle position 51 of the antenna 50, and the electric field is distributed in the opposite direction on both sides of the middle position 51. As shown in (b) in fig. 7, the current at the power feeding line 52 exhibits an inverse distribution. Such feeding shown in fig. 7 (a) may be referred to as line DM feeding based on the current reverse distribution at the feeder 52. Such an antenna mode shown in fig. 7 (b) may be referred to as a line DM mode (also simply referred to as a DM mode, for example, for a line antenna, the DM mode is referred to as a line DM mode) based on that currents are distributed in the same direction on both sides where the radiator and the power feed line 52 are connected. The current and the electric field shown in (b) of fig. 7 may be referred to as a current and an electric field of the line DM mode, respectively.

The current is strong at the intermediate position 51 of the antenna 50 (the current large point is located near the intermediate position 51 of the antenna 50) and weak at both ends of the antenna 50, as shown in (b) of fig. 7. The electric field is weaker at the middle position 51 of the antenna 50 and stronger at both ends of the line antenna 50.

It should be understood that for an antenna radiator, it is understood that the number of metallic structures that produce radiation may be one piece, as shown in fig. 6, or two pieces, as shown in fig. 7, and may be adjusted according to actual design or production needs. For example, for the line CM mode, as shown in fig. 7, two radiators may be adopted, two ends of the two radiators are disposed opposite to each other with a gap therebetween, and symmetrical feeding is adopted at two ends of the two radiators close to each other, for example, the same feed signal is fed to two ends of the two radiators close to each other, so that an effect similar to that of the antenna structure shown in fig. 6 may be obtained. Accordingly, for the line DM mode, as shown in fig. 6, a radiator may be used, two feeding points are disposed in the middle of the radiator and an antisymmetric feeding manner is adopted, for example, two symmetrical feeding points on the radiator are fed with signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases respectively, and an effect similar to that of the antenna structure shown in fig. 7 may be obtained.

3. Line CM-DM mode

Fig. 6 and 7 show a line CM mode and a line DM mode respectively generated by different feeding methods when both ends of the radiator are open.

When the antenna is fed in an asymmetric mode (the feeding point deviates from the middle position of the radiator, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the grounding point of the radiator (the coupling point with the floor) is asymmetric (the grounding point deviates from the middle position of the radiator), the antenna can generate a first resonance and a second resonance simultaneously, which respectively correspond to the line CM mode and the line DM mode. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the line CM mode, and the current and electric field distribution is as shown in (b) of fig. 6. The second resonance corresponds to the line DM mode, and the current and electric field distribution is shown in fig. 7 (b).

4. Groove CM mode

The radiator of the antenna 60 shown in fig. 8 (a) has a hollowed-out slot or slit 61 therein, or may be such that the radiator of the antenna 60 surrounds the slot or slot 61 with the ground (e.g., a floor, which may be a PCB). The groove 61 may be formed by grooving the floor. One side of the slot 61 is provided with an opening 62, and the opening 62 may be provided in a specific middle position of the side. The middle position of the side of the slot 61 may be, for example, the geometrical midpoint of the antenna 60 or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, for example, the middle position of the side covered by the area where the opening 62 is open on the radiator. The opening 62 may be connected to a feed circuit and fed with anti-symmetry. It should be understood that an antisymmetric feed is understood to mean that the positive and negative poles of the feed circuit are connected to the two ends of the radiator, respectively. The positive and negative poles of the feed circuit output signals of the same amplitude and opposite phase, for example 180 DEG + -10 DEG phase difference.

Fig. 8 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the antenna 60. As shown in fig. 8 (b), the current is distributed in the same direction around the slot 61 on the conductor (e.g., floor, and/or radiator 60) around the slot 61, the electric field is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle of the slot 61, and the magnetic current is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle of the slot 61. As shown in fig. 8 (b), the electric field at the opening 62 (e.g., at the feed) is co-directional and the magnetic current at the opening 62 (e.g., at the feed) is co-directional. Such feeding, shown in fig. 8 (a), may be referred to as slot CM feeding, based on the magnetic flow co-direction at the opening 62 (at the feeding). Such an antenna pattern shown in fig. 8 (b) may be referred to as a slot CM pattern (also simply referred to as a CM pattern, e.g., for a slot antenna, CM pattern refers to a slot CM pattern) based on the current being distributed in the same direction (e.g., in an anti-symmetric manner) on the radiators on both sides of the opening 62, or based on the current being distributed in the same direction around the slot 61 on the conductors around the slot 61. The electric field, current, magnetic current distribution shown in fig. 8 (b) may be referred to as the electric field, current, magnetic current of the slot CM mode.

The magnetic field is weaker at the middle position of the antenna 60 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 60. The electric field is strong at the middle position of the antenna 60 (the electric field large point is located near the middle position of the antenna 60), and weak at both ends of the antenna 60, as shown in (b) of fig. 8.

5. Trough DM mode

The radiator of the antenna 70 as shown in fig. 9 (a) has a hollowed-out slot or slit 72 therein, or may be such that the radiator of the antenna 70 surrounds the slot or slot 72 with the ground (e.g., a floor, which may be a PCB). The groove 72 may be formed by grooving the floor. The slot 72 is connected to the feed circuit at a central location 71 and is fed symmetrically. It is to be understood that symmetrical feeding is to be understood as a feeding circuit with one end connected to the radiator and the other end grounded, wherein the feeding circuit and the radiator connection point (feeding point) are located in the centre of the radiator, which may be for example the midpoint of the geometry or the midpoint of the electrical length (or a region within a certain range around the midpoint). The middle position of one side of the slot 72 is connected with the positive pole of the feed circuit, and the middle position of the other side of the slot 72 is connected with the negative pole of the feed circuit. The middle position of the side of the slot 72 may be, for example, the middle position of the slot antenna 60/the middle position of the ground, such as the geometric midpoint of the slot antenna, or the midpoint of the electrical length of the radiator, such as the middle position 51 where the feed circuit and the radiator are connected, covering that side.

Fig. 9 (b) shows the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution of the antenna 70. As shown in fig. 9 (b), on the conductor (e.g., floor, and/or radiator 60) surrounding the slot 72, the current is distributed around the slot 72 and is distributed in opposite directions on both sides of the middle position of the slot 72, the electric field is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71, and the magnetic current is distributed in the same direction on both sides of the middle position 71. The magnetic flow at the feed circuit is inversely distributed (not shown). Such feeding, shown in fig. 9 (a), may be referred to as slot DM feeding, based on the magnetic flow at the feeding circuit being in an inverted distribution. Such an antenna pattern shown in fig. 9 (b) may be referred to as a slot DM pattern (which may also be simply referred to as a DM pattern, for example, for a slot antenna, the DM pattern is referred to as a slot DM pattern) based on the current exhibiting a reverse distribution (e.g., a symmetrical distribution) on both sides of the junction of the feed circuit and the radiator, or based on the current exhibiting a reverse distribution (e.g., a symmetrical distribution) around the slot 71. The electric field, current, magnetic current distribution shown in fig. 9 (b) may be referred to as the electric field, current, magnetic current of the slot DM mode.

The current is weaker at the middle of the antenna 70 and stronger at both ends of the antenna 70. The electric field is strong at the middle position of the antenna 70 (the electric field large point is located near the middle position of the antenna 60), and weak at both ends of the slot antenna 70, as shown in (b) of fig. 9.

It will be appreciated that for the radiator of the antenna it is understood that the metallic structure that generates the radiation (e.g. comprising a part of the floor) may comprise an opening, as shown in fig. 8, or may be a complete ring, as shown in fig. 9, which may be adapted to the actual design or production needs. For example, for the slot CM mode, as shown in fig. 9, a complete loop radiator may be used, two feeding points may be disposed at the middle position of the radiator on one side of the slot 61, and an antisymmetric feeding manner may be used, for example, signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases may be fed to the two ends where the opening is originally disposed, and an effect similar to that of the antenna structure shown in fig. 8 may be obtained. Accordingly, for the slot DM mode, as shown in fig. 8, a radiator including an opening may be used, and symmetrical feeding is adopted at two ends of the opening, for example, two ends of the radiator at two sides of the opening are respectively fed with the same feed signal, so that an effect similar to that of the antenna structure shown in fig. 9 may be obtained.

6. Slot CM-DM mode.

The above-described fig. 8 and 9 show that the slot structure generates the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode, respectively, using different feeding modes, respectively.

When the feeding form of the antenna adopts an asymmetric feeding (the feeding point deviates from the middle position, including side feeding or offset feeding), or the opening of one side of the slot is asymmetric (the opening deviates from the middle position of the side), the antenna can simultaneously generate a first resonance and a second resonance, which correspond to the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode, respectively. For example, the first resonance corresponds to the cell CM mode, and the current, electric field, and magnetic current distribution are as shown in fig. 8 (b). The second resonance corresponds to the trough DM mode and the current, electric field, magnetic current distribution is shown in fig. 9 (b).

The antenna structure can generate two working modes (the electric fields are symmetrically distributed or antisymmetrically distributed) with orthogonal electric fields (the inner product of the electric fields in the far field is zero (integral quadrature)), and the isolation between the two working modes of the antenna structure is good, so that the antenna structure can be applied to a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system in electronic equipment.

Meanwhile, when the two antenna structures respectively work in two working modes (the electric fields are symmetrically distributed or antisymmetrically distributed) in which the electric fields are orthogonal (the inner product of the electric fields in the far field is zero (integral orthogonal)), the two antenna structures also have good isolation, and can be used as a subunit in a MIMO antenna system in electronic equipment.

It is to be understood that two antenna structures may be understood as antenna structures fed with signals by a first feed circuit and a second feed circuit, respectively. The first and second feed circuits are different. In the electronic device, the first and second feed circuits may be different radio frequency channels in a radio frequency chip (RF IC).

The embodiment of the application provides foldable electronic equipment, which comprises an antenna. The foldable electronic device includes a first frame and a second frame that are foldably arranged. The antenna takes part of the frame of the first frame as a main radiation branch, and part of the frame of the second frame as a parasitic branch, and the parasitic branch is electrically connected with an electronic element, so that when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state, the parasitic branch is utilized to generate first parasitic resonance and second parasitic resonance, thereby expanding the working bandwidth of the antenna and improving the communication performance of the foldable electronic device.

As shown in fig. 10, the foldable electronic device 100 may include a first housing 201, a second housing 202, and a floor 101.

The first housing 201 includes a first frame 210, and at least a portion of the first frame 210 is spaced from the floor 101. The second housing 202 includes a second rim 220, at least a portion of the second rim 220 being spaced apart from the floor 101.

The first bezel 210 includes a first location 211 and a second location 212. The first frame 210 defines a first gap at a first location 211, and the first frame 210 is coupled to the floor 101 at a second location 212.

It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the coupling connection is only illustrated by taking an electrical connection as an example, and in actual production or in actual practice, the coupling connection may also be implemented by an indirect coupling manner, which is not described in detail for brevity of discussion.

The second bezel 220 includes a third position 221 and a fourth position 222. The second frame 220 is provided with a second gap at a third position 221, and the second frame 220 is coupled to the floor 101 at a fourth position 222.

The foldable electronic device 100 may also include a first pivot 203. The first rotating shaft 203 is located between the first housing 201 and the second housing 202, and the first rotating shaft 203 is rotatably connected with the first housing 201 and the second housing 202, so that the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 can rotate relatively.

It should be appreciated that in the foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 10, the first rotation shaft 203 is directly connected to the first housing 201 and the second housing 202, respectively, so that the first housing 201 and the second housing 202 can rotate relatively. Further, "the first rotation shaft 203 is rotatably connected to the first housing 201 and the second housing 202, respectively" includes a case where the first rotation shaft 203 may be rotatably connected to the first or second housing through one or more second rotation shafts and one or more intermediate housings. For example, in one embodiment, the foldable electronic device 100 may further include a first hinge and a second hinge, and one or more intermediate housings positioned between the first hinge and the second hinge. The first rotating shaft is located between the first shell 201 and the middle shell, and the first rotating shaft is respectively connected with the first shell 201 and the middle shell in a rotating mode, so that the first shell 201 and the middle shell can rotate relatively. The second rotating shaft is located between the middle housing and the second housing 202, and the first rotating shaft 203 is rotatably connected with the middle housing and the second housing 202, so that the middle housing and the second housing 202 can rotate relatively.

The foldable electronic device 100 may also include an antenna 200. The antenna 200 includes a first radiator 230, a second radiator 240, a first feed circuit 251, and a first electronic element 252.

The first radiator 230 is a conductive portion of the first frame 210 between the first position 211 and the second position 212. The first radiator 230 includes a first feeding point 231, and the first feeding circuit 251 is coupled to the first feeding point 231.

The second radiator 240 is a conductive portion of the second bezel 220 between the third location 221 and the fourth location 222. The length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to five-half the length of the first radiator 230.

In one embodiment, the second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241, a first end of the first electronic element 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241, and a second end of the first electronic element 252 is coupled to the floor 101, as shown in fig. 10 (a).

Or in one embodiment, the second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241 and a second electrical connection point 242, and a fourth gap is formed on the second frame 220 between the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242. A first end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241 and a second end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the second connection point 242, as shown in fig. 10 (b).

When the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the first radiator 230 and the second radiator 240 at least partially overlap along a first direction, which is a thickness direction of the foldable electronic device 100, for example, a z-direction.

The first radiator 230 is for generating a first resonance. The second radiator 240 serves to generate a first parasitic resonance. The second radiator 240 and the first electronic element 252 are used to create a second parasitic resonance.

It should be appreciated that the use of the second radiator 240 and the first electronic element 252 to generate the second parasitic resonance may be understood as both the entirety of the second radiator 240 and the use of the first electronic element 252 to generate the second resonance, both the electrical parameter (e.g., electrical length) of the second radiator 240, and the electrical parameter (e.g., equivalent capacitance value or equivalent inductance value) of the first electronic element 252 directly affect the second parasitic resonance (e.g., frequency of the resonance point). In a comparative embodiment, the first electronic component 252 is not provided, and the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance will shift the target frequency band beyond the range of the first threshold, which may be 200MHz or more.

The first radiator 230 is used to generate a first resonance and the second radiator 240 is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, which can be understood as the entirety of the radiator is used to generate the resonance. Meanwhile, it should not be understood that other components (e.g., the first electronic element 252) are not used to influence the resonance.

In one embodiment, the "second radiator 240 is used to generate the first parasitic resonance" and the "second radiator 240 and the first electronic element 252 are used to generate the second parasitic resonance" are understood as a whole, wherein the presence or absence of the first electronic element 252 has a greater influence on the second parasitic resonance than on the first parasitic resonance. In contrast to the solution of the present application, where the first electronic component 252 is not provided, the frequency offset of the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance is greater than the frequency offset of the first parasitic resonance. For example, the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance is shifted by a frequency difference greater than 2 times or more, or 5 times or more, the frequency difference of the first parasitic resonance.

It should be appreciated that, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the first radiator 230 in the antenna 200 is used as a main radiating branch (a branch of a feeding point feeding a signal), the second radiator 240 is used as a parasitic branch (a branch of coupling a signal by coupling the main radiating branch), and the second radiator 240 may generate the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance through coupling with the first radiator 230. The resonant frequency of the first parasitic resonance may be determined by the length of the second radiator 240 and the resonant frequency of the second parasitic resonance may be determined by the length of the second radiator 240 and the electrical parameters of the first electronic element 252. In one embodiment, the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance are brought closer to the first resonance by the length of the second radiator 240, and the electrical parameters of the first electronic element 252. The first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance may be used to expand an operating bandwidth of the antenna 200, together supporting one operating frequency band of the foldable electronic device 100.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 10, the first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in the three-quarter mode, and the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated by the second radiator operating in the one-quarter mode.

One operating band of the foldable electronic device 100 includes a frequency range, such as a Low Band (LB) (698 MHz-960 MHz), an intermediate band (MB) (1710 MHz-2170 MHz), or a High Band (HB) (2300 MHz-2690 MHz) in a cellular network. Taking an example of an operating frequency band of the foldable electronic device 100 as LB (698 MHz-960 MHz), the operating frequency band may include a plurality of communication frequency bands belonging to the frequency range, for example, B5, B8, etc., which are understood correspondingly in the embodiment of the present application.

For brevity of discussion, in the embodiment of the present application, only the first end of the main radiation branch is taken as an open end, and the second end is taken as a grounding end (the first frame 210 is provided with a gap at the first position 211, and the first frame 210 is coupled with the floor 101 at the second position 212). It should be understood that, in practical applications, the first end of the main radiating branch is an open end, the second end is an open end (the first border 210 is slotted at the first position 211 and the first border 210 is slotted at the second position 212), as shown in fig. 10 (c), or the first end of the main radiating branch is an open end, the second end is an open end (the first border 210 is coupled with the floor 101 at the first position 211 and the first border 210 is coupled with the floor 101 at the second position 212), as shown in fig. 10 (d).

The foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 11 differs from the foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 10 only in the structure of the second radiator 240 in the antenna 200.

The second frame 220 has a second gap at a third position 221, and the second frame 220 has a third gap at a fourth position 222, as shown in fig. 11 (a). The second rim 220 is coupled to the floor 101 at both the third position 221 and the fourth position 222, as shown in fig. 11 (b).

The length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to three-half of the length of the first radiator 230.

It should be appreciated that, in the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, when the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the first radiator 230 in the antenna 200 is used as a main radiating branch (a branch of a feeding point feeding a signal), the second radiator 240 is used as a parasitic branch (a branch of coupling a signal by coupling the main radiating branch), and the second radiator 240 may generate the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance through coupling with the first radiator 230. The first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance may be used to expand an operating bandwidth of the antenna 200, together supporting one operating frequency band of the foldable electronic device 100.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 11, the first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in the differential mode, and the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in the common mode. Wherein the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance may correspond to the slot CM-DM mode in the above-described embodiment based on the second bezel 220 being coupled to the floor at both the third location 221 and the fourth location 222. The first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance may correspond to the line CM-DM mode in the above-described embodiment, based on the second bezel 220 opening the second slit at the third position 221 and the second bezel 220 opening the third slit at the fourth position 222.

The foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 12 is different from the foldable electronic device 100 shown in fig. 10 or 11 only in that the first electronic element 252 is disposed at a different position in the antenna 200, and the structure of the second radiator 240 is not limited in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 12.

Wherein the second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241, a first end of the first electronic element 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241, and a second end of the first electronic element 252 is coupled to the floor 101, as shown in fig. 12 (a). At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator 240 includes an electric field null region including an electric field null of the second radiator 240 at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, a distance between a point within the electric field null region and the electric field null being less than or equal to 5mm. In one embodiment, the first connection point 241 is located in the electric field null region described above.

Or the second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241 and a second electrical connection point 242, and a fourth gap is formed on the second frame 220 between the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242. A first end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241 and a second end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the second connection point 242, as shown in fig. 12 (b). At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator 240 includes a current zero region including a current zero of the second radiator 240 at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, and a distance between a point within the current zero region and the current zero is less than or equal to 5mm. In one embodiment, the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242 are located in the current zero region described above.

It should be appreciated that, according to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application, based on different boundary conditions of the second radiator 240 (the second frame 220 is coupled to the floor at the third position 221 or the fourth position 222 or is slotted), the second radiator 240 may generate different first parasitic resonances and second parasitic resonances (for example, a line CM-DM mode or a slot CM-DM mode) through coupling with the first radiator 230. The first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance may be used to expand an operating bandwidth of the antenna 200, together supporting one operating frequency band of the foldable electronic device 100.

Meanwhile, for different operation modes, the positions of the current zero region or the electric field zero region on the second radiator 240 are different at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance.

In one embodiment, when the operation mode of the second radiator 240 is a quarter wavelength mode (the second frame 220 is slotted at the third position 221 and the fourth position 222 is coupled to the floor), the current on the second radiator 240 is in the same direction, and the second radiator 240 has no current zero region or no electric field zero region.

In one embodiment, when the operation mode of the second radiator 240 is a quarter wavelength mode (the second frame 220 is slotted at the third position 221 and the fourth position 222 is coupled to the floor), the distance between the electric field zero point and the third position 221 is about a third distance region or an electric field zero point region of the length of the second radiator 240, and the distance between the electric current zero point and the fourth position 222 is about a third distance region or an electric field zero point region of the length of the second radiator 240.

In one embodiment, when the operation mode of the second radiator 240 is the line DM mode/the line CM mode (the second frame 220 is slotted at the third position 221 and the fourth position 222 is slotted), the electric field zero point is located in the central region of the second radiator 240.

In one embodiment, when the operation mode of the second radiator 240 is a slot DM mode/a slot CM mode (the second frame 220 is slotted at the third position 221 and the fourth position 222 is coupled to the floor), the current zero is located in the central region of the second radiator 240.

As shown in fig. 13, the first frame 210 is provided with a first gap at a first position 211, and the first frame 210 is coupled to the floor 101 at a second position 212. The first radiator 230 has an open end at a first end and a grounded end at a second end. The second frame 220 is provided with a second gap at a third position 221, and the second frame 220 is coupled to the floor 101 at a fourth position 222. The first end of the second radiator 240 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end. The length of the second radiator 240 (the conductive portion between the third position 221 and the fourth position 222) is greater than or equal to five-half of the length of the first radiator 230 (the conductive portion between the first position 211 and the second position 212). In one embodiment, the width of the first gap is greater than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2mm. It should be understood that, in the embodiment of the present application, the width of the slit formed on the frame may be within the above range.

A first end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241, and a second end of the first electronic component 252 is grounded.

In one embodiment, a second feeding point may also be provided on the second radiator 240. When the foldable electronic device 100 is in the unfolded state, the second radiator 240 may be fed with an electrical signal from the second feeding point and may act as a main radiating branch. Meanwhile, in one embodiment, when the foldable electronic device 100 is in the folded state, the second radiator 240 may be used as a parasitic branch in the antenna 200 and the second feeding point may also feed the electric signal as a main radiating branch of the other antenna, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 241 may be located at an electric field null region of the second radiator at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance.

It should be understood that the electric field null point may be understood as the opposite sides of the position of the electric field null point generated by the second radiator 240 when the first feeding point 231 feeds the electric signal. The electric field zero point corresponds to a large current point (the large electric field point corresponds to the large current point), and the electric field zero point region can be understood as a region within a certain range from the electric field zero point or the large current point. For example, an electric field null region may be understood as a region within 5mm from an electric field null or a large current point. Correspondingly, a large current spot area is understood to be an area within a certain range from the electric field zero point or the large current spot.

It should be understood that the electric field zero point (current large point) generated by the second radiator included in the above electric field zero point region may be understood as an electric field zero point included in the electric field distribution and a current corresponding to when the second radiator 240 generates the first parasitic resonance. It can also be understood that when the first electronic element 252 is not provided, the current corresponding to the resonance of the highest frequency generated by the second radiator 240 and the electric field zero included in the electric field distribution. In one embodiment, the electric field zero point (current large point) generated by the second radiator included in the electric field zero point region may be understood as the electric field zero point included in the electric field distribution and the current corresponding to the highest order mode of the second radiator 240.

When the second parasitic resonance is generated by the second radiator 240, since the first electronic element 252 is electrically connected between the second radiator 240 and the ground, an electric field zero point (a current large point) can be generated in the area near the first connection point 241, so that the frequency of the second parasitic resonance is increased and approaches to the first parasitic resonance, and the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance can expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

It should be understood that the two resonances described in the embodiments of the present application are close, and that the resonance points of the two resonances are within a certain frequency range can be understood. For example, the proximity of the first parasitic resonance to the first resonance may be understood as a difference in frequency between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance being less than or equal to 200MHz, the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance may be higher in frequency than the resonance point of the first resonance, or the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance may be lower in frequency than the resonance point of the first resonance.

When the first connection point 241 is located in the electric field null region and the second radiator 240 generates the first parasitic resonance, the first electronic component 252 has little influence on the first parasitic resonance due to the electric field null near the first connection point 241.

It should be appreciated that the first parasitic resonance is affected little by the first electronic element 252 may be understood that when the equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance of the first electronic element 252 is changed, or when the first electronic element 252 is not provided, the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance is shifted by a small magnitude, for example, less than 50MHz or less than 5% of the frequency of the resonance point.

In one embodiment, the first electronic element 252 may be a capacitor. The equivalent capacitance of the first electronic component 252 is greater than 10pF. In one embodiment, the first electronic component 252 may be an inductor. The equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component 252 is less than 5nH.

It should be appreciated that the equivalent capacitance or equivalent inductance values described above may be implemented by lumped device or distributed structure equivalent capacitances or inductances. In one embodiment, resonant switching between the first electronic component 252 and the first connection point may also be achieved by a tunable device

In one embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 240 is three-quarters of the first wavelength, which is the wavelength corresponding to the first parasitic resonance.

It should be understood that the wavelength provided by the embodiment of the present application may be understood as a vacuum wavelength, and since there is a correspondence between the vacuum wavelength and the medium wavelength, the corresponding wavelength may be determined according to the vacuum wavelength.

Since the second radiator 240 has an electrical length of three-quarters of the first wavelength, the operation mode of the second radiator 240 may include a quarter-wavelength mode and a three-quarter-wavelength mode, the second parasitic resonance is generated by the quarter-wavelength mode, and the first parasitic resonance is generated by the three-quarter-wavelength mode.

In one embodiment, the current on the second radiator 240 is in the same direction on both sides of the first connection point 241 at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance.

In one embodiment, the current on the second radiator 240 is reversed at the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, on both sides of the first connection point 241.

It will be appreciated that for the second parasitic resonance (quarter mode), the current on the second radiator 240 is in the same direction when the first electronic element 252 is not provided. When the first electronic component 252 is disposed, an electric field null may be generated in the vicinity of the first connection point 241, and the current on the second radiator 240 is reversed on both sides of the first connection point 241. Since the first electronic component 252 has little effect on the first parasitic resonance (three-quarters mode), the current on the second radiator 240 is unchanged, and the current on the second radiator 240 is in the same direction on both sides of the first connection point 241.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to five-half the length of the first radiator 230.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to three times the length of the first radiator 230.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to five-half and less than or equal to seven-half of the first radiator 230, so that the first parasitic resonance is close to the first resonance (the difference in frequency between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz), expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

In one embodiment, the length of the second bezel between the first connection point 241 and the third position 221 is less than or equal to five-twelve (one third+25%) and greater than or equal to one fourth (one third-25%) of the length of the second bezel between the third position 221 and the fourth position 222, so that the second parasitic resonance is close to the first resonance (the difference in frequency between the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz), expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

When the second radiator 240 resonates, an electric field zero (a large current point) (a current corresponding to the three-quarter wavelength mode and a current zero included in the electric field distribution) may be generated on the second radiator 240. The first electronic component 252 is grounded in the electric field null region, and the quarter-wavelength mode generates an electric field null near the first connection point 241, changing it to a new three-quarter-wavelength mode. And, the frequency of the resonance generated by the new three-quarter wavelength mode can be adjusted by the first electronic component 252. Meanwhile, since the first connection point 241 is located in the electric field null region of the three-quarter wavelength mode, the first electronic component 252 is electrically connected to the floor in this region, and the boundary condition is not changed, and the influence of the three-quarter wavelength mode is very small. Thus, the antenna 200 may include two three-quarter wavelength modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna.

In one embodiment, the length of the first radiator between the first feed point 231 and the first location 211 is less than one half of the length of the first radiator between the first location 211 and the second location 212.

It should be appreciated that the first radiator 230 and the first feed circuit 251 may form an IFA antenna structure. In the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13, only IFA is described as an example of formation of the main radiating stub (the first radiator 230), and the antenna structure formed by the main radiating stub may be adjusted in actual design or production.

In one embodiment, the first radiator 230 may be used to generate a first resonance. In one embodiment, the first radiator 230 may operate in a quarter wavelength mode. The first radiator has an electrical length of one quarter of a second wavelength, the second wavelength being a wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

In one embodiment, the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance together form an operating frequency band to extend an operating bandwidth of the antenna.

It should be appreciated that the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance together form an operating frequency band may be understood as being close to the first resonance, the second parasitic resonance and the first resonance together forming a resonant frequency band. For example, the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance is located between the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the frequency of the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, or the frequency of the resonance point of the first resonance is lower than or higher than both the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the frequency of the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance. In one embodiment, it may also be understood that two adjacent resonances among the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance are connected in the S11 diagram, and S11 of the connected region is less than-4 dB, so as to form a resonant frequency band.

Fig. 14 and 15 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13. Fig. 14 is a diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13. Fig. 15 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

It should be understood that, for brevity of discussion, the embodiment of the present application uses only the first electronic component as the inductor, and the inductance value is 0.2nH as an example.

As shown in fig. 14, S-parameter simulation results for the antenna 200 under different conditions are shown.

Case 1 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the second radiator is not provided, the antenna is only resonated around 0.9GHz by the first radiator.

Case 2 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is not provided (the first connection point is not grounded), the antenna may generate two resonances around 0.9GHz and around 0.95 GHz. Resonance around 0.95GHz (first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator.

Case 3 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is provided, the antenna may generate three resonances around 0.85GHz, around 0.9GHz, and around 0.95 GHz. Two resonances around 0.85GHz (second parasitic resonance) and around 0.95GHz (first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator. Meanwhile, the first electronic component does not affect the first parasitic resonance.

As shown in fig. 15, simulation results of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 in different cases are shown. When the first electronic element is arranged, the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna are effectively improved due to the fact that the second parasitic resonance is introduced near 0.85 GHz.

Fig. 16 and 17 are schematic diagrams of electric field and current distribution in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13. Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13 at the second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.85 GHz). Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution at a first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.96 GHz) in the vicinity of a second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13.

As shown in fig. 16, the second radiator is grounded through the first electronic component at the first connection point, and an electric field zero point (a large current point) can be generated in the vicinity of the first connection point. Since an electric field zero point (a large current point) is generated near the first connection point, the current on the second radiator is reversed on both sides of the first connection point, and the operation mode corresponding to the second parasitic resonance of the second radiator is changed from the quarter-wavelength mode to the new three-quarter-wavelength mode.

As shown in fig. 17, the second radiator is grounded at the first connection point through the first electronic component, the first connection point is located in the electric field zero point region of the first parasitic resonance, the first electronic component is electrically connected with the floor in this region, the boundary condition is not changed, the original three-quarter wavelength mode is not changed, and the current on the second radiator is in the same direction at both sides of the first connection point.

As shown in fig. 18, the first frame 210 has a first gap at a first position 211 and is grounded at a second position 212. The first radiator 230 has an open end at a first end and a grounded end at a second end. The length of the first radiator between the first feeding point 231 and the first position 211 is less than one half of the length of the first radiator between the first position 211 and the second position 212.

It should be appreciated that the first radiator 210 and the first feed circuit 251 may form a structure of a left-hand antenna, which may be, for example, an antenna conforming to a composite right-hand (CRLH) transmission line structure. The only difference from the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13 is the antenna structure formed by the main radiating branches (first radiator 230).

In one embodiment, the first radiator 230 may be used to generate a first resonance. The first radiator has an electrical length of one quarter of a second wavelength, the second wavelength being a wavelength corresponding to the first resonance.

In one embodiment, the first slit at the first location 211 is aligned with the second slit at the third location 221 in a first direction (e.g., the z-direction). Wherein in embodiments of the present application, alignment may be understood as at least partially overlapping in a first direction (e.g., z-direction).

It will be appreciated that when the first slot and the second slot are aligned in the first direction, the second slot may couple more energy through the electric field at the first slot when the first feed point 231 feeds an electric signal, thereby enhancing the radiation characteristics of the resonance generated by the second radiator.

Fig. 19 and 20 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18. Fig. 19 is a diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18. Fig. 20 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18.

It should be understood that, for brevity of discussion, the embodiment of the present application uses only the first electronic component as the capacitor, and the capacitance value is illustrated as 25 pF.

As shown in fig. 19, S-parameter simulation results for the antenna 200 under different conditions are shown.

Case 1 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the second radiator is not provided, the antenna is only resonated by the first radiator around 0.87 GHz.

Case 2 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is not provided (the first connection point is not grounded), the antenna may generate two resonances around 0.86GHz and around 0.94 GHz. Resonance around 0.94GHz (first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator.

Case 3 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is arranged, the antenna may generate three resonances around 0.86GHz, around 0.94GHz and around 0.98 GHz. Two resonances around 0.98GHz (the second parasitic resonance nearby) and around 0.94GHz (the first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator. Meanwhile, the first electronic component does not affect the first parasitic resonance.

It should be understood that the antenna shown in fig. 18 differs from the antenna shown in fig. 13 only in the antenna structure formed by the main radiating branches (first radiators). Therefore, an electronic element is connected in series between the parasitic stub (second radiator) and the floor to expand the operating bandwidth of the antenna without being affected by the antenna structure formed by the main radiating stub.

Meanwhile, when the first electronic component is different, the frequency of the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance is different, and may be smaller than the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance (as shown in fig. 14) or larger than the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance (as shown in fig. 19).

As shown in fig. 20, simulation results of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 in different cases are shown. When the first electronic element is arranged, the second parasitic resonance is introduced near 0.98GHz, so that the system efficiency and the working bandwidth of the antenna are effectively improved.

Fig. 21 and 22 are schematic diagrams of electric field and current distribution in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18. Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of electric field and current distribution in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 18 at the time of the first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.94 GHz). Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the electric field and current distribution at a second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.98 GHz) in the vicinity of the first radiator in the antenna 200 of fig. 18.

As shown in fig. 21, the second radiator is grounded at the first connection point through the first electronic component, the first connection point is located in the electric field zero region of the first parasitic resonance, the first electronic component is electrically connected to the floor in this region, the boundary condition is not changed, the original three-quarter wavelength mode is not changed, and the current on the second radiator is in the same direction at both sides of the first connection point. The electric field is concentrated mainly near the second border between the first connection point and the fourth location.

As shown in fig. 22, the second radiator is grounded through the first electronic component at the first connection point, and an electric field zero point (a large current point) can be generated in the vicinity of the first connection point. Since an electric field zero point (a large current point) is generated near the first connection point, the current on the second radiator is reversed on both sides of the first connection point, and the operation mode corresponding to the second parasitic resonance of the second radiator is changed from the quarter-wavelength mode to the new three-quarter-wavelength mode. The electric field is concentrated mainly near the second border between the first connection point and the third location.

As shown in fig. 23, the second frame 220 has a second slit at a third position 221 and a third slit at a fourth position 222. The second radiator 240 has a first end that is open and a second end that is open.

It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23 differs from the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13 only in the structure of the parasitic stub (the second radiator 240). In the antenna 200 shown in fig. 13, the first end of the second radiator 240 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end.

In one embodiment, the electrical length of the second radiator 240 is one-half of the first wavelength, which is the wavelength corresponding to the first parasitic resonance.

Since both ends of the second radiator 240 are open ends, the operation mode of the second radiator 240 may include a line CM mode, by which the second parasitic resonance is generated, and a line DM mode, by which the first parasitic resonance is generated.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to three-half the length of the first radiator 230.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to twice the length of the first radiator 230.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator 240 is greater than or equal to three-half of the first radiator 230 and less than or equal to five-half of the first radiator 230, so that the first parasitic resonance is close to the first resonance (the difference in frequency between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz), expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 241 is located at a central region of the second radiator 240.

It is understood that the central region may be understood as a local region within a certain range from the geometric center (the physical length of the second radiators 240 on both sides of the center is the same) or the electrical length center (the electrical length of the second radiators 240 on both sides of the center is the same) of the second radiator 240, for example, a region within 5mm from the center.

When the second radiator 240 resonates, the second radiator 240 may generate an electric field zero point (a current large point) (a current corresponding to the line DM mode and a current zero point included in the electric field distribution) in a central region, and the central region of the second radiator 240 is the electric field zero point region. A new line CM mode may be created by grounding the first electronic component 252 at the field zero region. And, the frequency of resonance generated by the new line CM mode can be adjusted using the first electronic component 252. Meanwhile, since the first connection point 241 is located in the electric field null region of the line DM mode, the first electronic component 252 is electrically connected to the floor in this region, and the boundary condition is not changed, the original line DM mode has little influence. Accordingly, the antenna 200 may include a line DM mode and a line CM mode to expand an operation bandwidth of the antenna.

It should be understood that the first electronic component 252 has little influence on the line DM mode may be understood that when the equivalent capacitance value or equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component 252 is changed, or when the first electronic component 252 is not provided, the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance generated by the line DM mode is shifted by a small magnitude, for example, less than 50MHz or less than 5% of the frequency of the resonance point.

It should be appreciated that when the first electronic element 252 is not provided, no reverse current is generated on the second radiator 240, and no second parasitic resonance (CM mode) is generated. When the first electronic component 252 is disposed, an electric field zero may be generated in the vicinity of the first connection point 241, and the current on the second radiator 240 is reversed at both sides of the first connection point 241, thereby generating a second parasitic resonance (CM mode). Since the first electronic component 252 has little influence on the first parasitic resonance (DM mode), the current on the second radiator 240 is unchanged, and the current on the second radiator 240 is in the same direction on both sides of the first connection point 241.

In one embodiment, the first slit at the first location 211 is aligned with the third slit at the fourth location 222 in a first direction (e.g., the z-direction).

It should be appreciated that when the first slot and the third slot partially overlap in the first direction, the third slot may be coupled to more energy by an electric field at the first slot when the first feeding point 231 feeds an electric signal, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the resonance generated by the second radiator.

Fig. 24 and 25 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23. Fig. 24 is a diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23. Fig. 25 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 23.

As shown in fig. 24, S-parameter simulation results for the antenna 200 under different conditions are shown.

Case 3 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is provided, the antenna may generate three resonances around 0.86GHz, around 0.9GHz and around 0.95 GHz. Two resonances around 0.86GHz (the second parasitic resonance nearby) and around 0.95GHz (the first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator. Meanwhile, the first electronic component does not affect the first parasitic resonance.

As shown in fig. 25, simulation results of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 in different cases are shown. When the first electronic element is arranged, the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna are effectively improved due to the fact that the second parasitic resonance is introduced near 0.86 GHz.

As shown in fig. 26, the second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241 and a second electrical connection point 242, and a fourth gap is formed on the second frame 220 between the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242. A first end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241 and a second end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the second connection point 242.

It should be understood that the antenna structure 200 shown in fig. 26 is different from the antenna structure 200 shown in fig. 18 only in the connection manner of the first electronic element 252 and the second radiator 240.

Meanwhile, the first electronic component 252 may be used to adjust the equivalent capacitance of the fourth slot, thereby adjusting the radiation characteristic (e.g., the frequency of the resonance point) of the second parasitic resonance. In one embodiment, the distance between the first and second electrical connection points 241, 242 and the fourth gap is less than or equal to 5mm. The distance between the first and second electrical connection points 241 and 242 and the fourth gap may be understood as the minimum distance between the first and second electrical connection points 241 and 242 and the conductors on both sides of the fourth gap. When the first electronic component 252 is electrically connected to the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242 through the metal elastic sheet, the distance between the first electronic component and the fourth gap can be understood as the minimum distance between the center of the portion where the metal elastic sheet contacts the connection point and the conductors at both sides of the fourth gap.

In one embodiment, the first connection point 241 and the second connection point 242 (the fourth slot) may be located in a current zero region of the second radiator at a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, so that a frequency of the second parasitic resonance is increased and is close to the first parasitic resonance, so that the first resonance, the first parasitic resonance, and the second parasitic resonance may expand an operation bandwidth of the antenna 200.

It should be understood that the current zero point may be understood as a position on both sides of the current zero point generated by the second radiator when the first feeding point 231 feeds the electric signal, and the current is reversed. The current zero point corresponds to a large electric field point (the large current point corresponds to the electric field zero point), and the current zero point region can be understood as a region within a certain range from the electric field zero point or the large electric field point. For example, a current zero region may be understood as a region within 5mm from a current zero or a large electric field point. Correspondingly, a region of large electric field points is understood to be a region within a certain range from the zero point of the current or the large electric field point.

In one embodiment, the current zero point (electric field large point) generated by the second radiator included in the above-mentioned current zero point region may be understood as a current zero point included in the electric field distribution and a current corresponding to when the second radiator 240 generates the first parasitic resonance. It can also be understood that the current corresponding to the resonance of the highest frequency generated by the second radiator 240 and the current zero included in the electric field distribution when the first electronic element 252 is not provided. In one embodiment, the current zero point (electric field large point) generated by the second radiator included in the above-described current zero point region may be understood as the current zero point included in the current and electric field distribution corresponding to the highest order mode of the second radiator 240.

It should be appreciated that the fourth slot formed in the second radiator 240 may increase the radiation aperture of the second radiator 240, thereby increasing the radiation characteristics of the antenna 200.

In one embodiment, the second frame 220 is provided with a second gap at a third position 221, and is grounded at a fourth position 222. The first end of the second radiator 240 is an open end, and the second end is a ground end.

In one embodiment, the length of the second radiator between the fourth location 222 and the first connection point 241 (the first connection point 241 is located between the second connection point 242 and the fourth location 222) is less than or equal to five-twelve (one third+25%) of the length of the second radiator between the third location 221 and the fourth location 222, and is greater than or equal to one fourth (one third-25%) of the length of the second bezel between the third location 221 and the fourth location 222, so that the second parasitic resonance is close to the first resonance (the difference in frequency between the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz), expanding the operating bandwidth of the antenna 200.

It should be appreciated that when the second radiator 240 resonates, a large electric field point (current zero) may be generated on the second radiator 240 (current corresponding to the three-quarter wavelength mode and current zero included in the electric field profile). A fourth slot is arranged in the area of the large electric field point, and the quarter-wavelength mode generates the large electric field point near the fourth slot to change the large electric field point into a new three-quarter-wavelength mode. And, the frequency of the resonance generated by the new three-quarter wavelength mode can be adjusted by the first electronic component 252. Meanwhile, the fourth gap is arranged in the area of the large electric field point of the three-quarter wavelength mode, so that the boundary condition is not changed, and the influence of the original three-quarter wavelength mode is small. Thus, the antenna 200 may include two three-quarter wavelength modes to extend the operating bandwidth of the antenna.

It should be appreciated that the fourth slot has little effect on the three-quarter wavelength mode may be understood that when the equivalent capacitance value or the equivalent inductance value of the first electronic element 252 is changed, or when the first electronic element 252 and the fourth slot are not provided, the frequency of the resonance point of the resonance (first parasitic resonance) generated by the three-quarter wavelength mode is shifted by a small magnitude, for example, less than 50MHz or less than 5% of the frequency of the resonance point.

In one embodiment, the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is co-directional on both sides of the fourth slot at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance.

In one embodiment, the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is reversed at the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, on both sides of the fourth slot.

It should be appreciated that for the second parasitic resonance (quarter mode), the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is co-directional when the fourth slot is not provided. When the first electronic component 252 is disposed, a large electric field point may be generated in the vicinity of the fourth slot, and the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is reversed at both sides of the fourth slot. Since the fourth slit has little influence on the first parasitic resonance (three-quarters mode), the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is unchanged, and the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is in the same direction at both sides of the first connection point 241.

In one embodiment, the width of the fourth gap between the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242 is greater than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2mm.

In one embodiment, the first electronic component 252 may be a capacitor or an inductor. When the first electronic component 252 is a capacitor, the equivalent capacitance value is less than 1pF.

It should be appreciated that the first electronic element 252 may be implemented as a distributed device or a lumped device. In one embodiment, when the first electronic component 252 is a capacitor, it may be implemented by extending the conductors on both sides of the fourth slot into the electronic device to form an interdigital structure, as shown in fig. 27 (a). In one embodiment, when the first electronic component 252 is an inductance, the metal part electrically connected between the first connection point 241 and the second connection point 242 may be equivalent to an inductance, as shown in (b) of fig. 27.

In one embodiment, the first slit at the first location 211 is aligned with the second slit at the third location 221 in a first direction (e.g., the z-direction). In one embodiment, the first slit and the fourth slit at the first location 211 are aligned in a first direction (e.g., the z-direction).

It should be appreciated that when the first slot and the second/fourth slot partially overlap in the first direction, the second/fourth slot may be coupled to more energy by an electric field at the first slot when the first feeding point 231 feeds an electric signal, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of resonance generated by the second radiator.

Fig. 28 and 29 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26. Fig. 28 is a diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26. Fig. 29 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26.

As shown in fig. 28, S-parameter simulation results for the antenna 200 under different conditions are shown.

Case 2 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is not provided (the fourth slot is not provided), the antenna can generate two resonances around 0.86GHz and around 0.94 GHz. Resonance around 0.94GHz (first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator.

Case 3 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is provided, the antenna may generate three resonances around 0.86GHz, around 0.91GHz, and around 0.97 GHz. Two resonances around 0.97GHz (the nearby second parasitic resonance) and around 0.91GHz (the first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator. Meanwhile, the first electronic component does not affect the first parasitic resonance.

As shown in fig. 29, simulation results of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 in different cases are shown. When the first electronic element is arranged, the second parasitic resonance is introduced near 0.97GHz, so that the system efficiency and the working bandwidth of the antenna are effectively improved.

Fig. 30 and 31 are schematic electric field distribution diagrams of the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 24. Fig. 30 is a schematic diagram of electric field distribution in the vicinity of the second radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26 at the time of the first parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.91 GHz). Fig. 31 is a schematic diagram of an electric field distribution in the vicinity of the first radiator in the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26 at a second parasitic resonance (e.g., 0.97 GHz).

As shown in fig. 30, a fourth gap is provided between the first connection point and the second connection point of the second radiator, and the first electronic component is electrically connected between the first connection point and the second connection point. The fourth gap is positioned in a large electric field point area of the first parasitic resonance, the boundary condition is not changed, the original three-quarter wavelength mode is not changed, and electric fields between the second radiator and the floor are in the same direction at two sides of the fourth gap. The electric field is mainly concentrated near the second border between the fourth slit and the fourth position.

As shown in fig. 31, a fourth gap is provided between the first connection point and the second connection point of the second radiator, and the first electronic component is electrically connected between the first connection point and the second connection point. An electric field large point (current zero point) may be generated in the vicinity of the fourth slit. Since a large electric field point (current zero point) is generated near the fourth slot, the electric field between the second radiator and the floor is reversed on both sides of the fourth slot, and the operation mode corresponding to the second parasitic resonance of the second radiator is changed from the quarter-wavelength mode to the new three-quarter-wavelength mode. The electric field is mainly concentrated near the second border between the fourth slit and the third position.

As shown in fig. 32, the second frame 220 is grounded at a third position 221 and grounded at a fourth position 222. The first end of the second radiator 240 is a ground end, and the second end is a ground end. The second radiator 240 includes a first connection point 241 and a second electrical connection point 242, and a fourth gap is formed on the second frame 220 between the first connection point 241 and the second electrical connection point 242. A first end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the first connection point 241 and a second end of the first electronic component 252 is coupled to the second connection point 242.

It should be understood that the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32 differs from the antenna 200 shown in fig. 26 only in the structure of the parasitic stub (the second radiator 240). In the antenna 200 shown in fig. 22, the first end of the second radiator 240 is an open end, the second end is a ground end, the second radiator 240 forms a line antenna structure, and in the antenna structure shown in fig. 32, the second radiator 240 forms a slot antenna structure.

Since the second radiator 240 has an electrical length of one half of the first wavelength and both ends are grounded, the operation mode of the second radiator 240 may include the slot CM mode and the slot DM mode in the above-described embodiment, the second parasitic resonance is generated by the slot CM mode, and the first parasitic resonance is generated by the slot DM mode.

In one embodiment, the first and second electrical connection points 241 and 242 (fourth slit) may be located at a central region of the second radiator 240.

When the second radiator 240 resonates, a large electric field point (current zero point) (current corresponding to the slot DM mode and current zero point included in the electric field distribution) may be generated on the second radiator 240. The fourth slit opened in the region of the large electric field can generate a new slot CM pattern. And, the frequency of resonance generated by the new slot CM mode can be adjusted by the first electronic component 252. Meanwhile, the fourth gap is arranged in the large electric field point area of the groove DM mode, so that boundary conditions cannot be changed, and the influence of the original DM mode is small. Accordingly, the antenna 200 may include a slot DM mode and a slot CM mode to expand an operating bandwidth of the antenna.

It should be understood that the fourth slot has little influence on the DM mode may be understood that when the equivalent capacitance value or the equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component 252 is changed, or when the first electronic component 252 and the fourth slot are not provided, the frequency of the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance generated by the slot DM mode is shifted by a small magnitude, for example, less than 50MHz or less than 5% of the frequency of the resonance point.

It should be appreciated that for the second parasitic resonance (CM mode), when the fourth slot is not provided, the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is in the same direction. When the first electronic component 252 is disposed, a large electric field point may be generated in the vicinity of the fourth slot, and the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is reversed at both sides of the fourth slot. Since the fourth slit has little influence on the first parasitic resonance (DM mode), the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is not changed, and the electric field between the second radiator 240 and the floor is in the same direction at both sides of the first connection point 241.

In one embodiment, the first slit at the first location 211 at least partially overlaps the fourth slit opened in a first direction (e.g., the z-direction).

It should be appreciated that when the first slot and the fourth slot partially overlap in the first direction, the fourth slot may be coupled to more energy by an electric field at the first slot when the first feeding point 231 feeds an electric signal, thereby improving the radiation characteristics of the resonance generated by the second radiator.

Fig. 33 and 34 are diagrams of simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32. Fig. 33 is a diagram showing S-parameter simulation results of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32. Fig. 34 is a simulation result of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 shown in fig. 32.

As shown in fig. 33, S-parameter simulation results for the antenna 200 under different conditions are shown.

Case 2 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic component is not provided (the fourth slot is not provided), the antenna can generate two resonances around 0.9GHz and around 0.95 GHz. Resonance around 0.95GHz (first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator.

Case 3 when the foldable electronic device is in a folded state and the first electronic element is provided (the fourth slot is opened), the antenna can generate three resonances around 0.9GHz, around 0.95GHz, and around 1 GHz. Two resonances around 0.95GHz (the second parasitic resonance nearby) and around 1GHz (the first parasitic resonance) may be generated by the second radiator. Meanwhile, the first electronic component does not affect the first parasitic resonance.

As shown in fig. 34, simulation results of the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna 200 in different cases are shown. When the first electronic element is arranged (a fourth gap is formed), the radiation efficiency and the system efficiency of the antenna are effectively improved due to the fact that the second parasitic resonance is introduced near 1 GHz.

Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality using different approaches for each particular application, but such implementation is not intended to be limiting.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interface, device or unit, or may be in electrical or other form.

The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A foldable electronic device, comprising:

A first shell, a second shell and a floor, wherein

The first shell includes a first frame, the second shell includes a second frame, the first frame is at least partially spaced from the floor, and the second frame is at least partially spaced from the floor;

The first frame includes a first position and a second position;

The second frame includes a third position and a fourth position, the second frame has a first gap at the third position, and the second frame is coupled to the floor at the fourth position;

a first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft being located between the first shell and the second shell, and the first rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the first shell and the second shell respectively; and

An antenna, comprising:

a first radiator and a feeding circuit, wherein the first radiator is a conductive portion of the first frame between the first position and the second position, the first radiator comprises a feeding point, and the feeding circuit is coupled to the feeding point; and

A second radiator and a first electronic component, wherein the second radiator is a conductive portion of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position, and a length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to two fifths of a length of the first radiator;

The second radiator includes a first connection point, a first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, and a second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the floor.

Or wherein the second radiator includes a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the second connection point, and the second frame defines a second gap between the first connection point and the second connection point;

Wherein, based on the foldable electronic device being in a folded state, the first radiator and the second radiator at least partially overlap along a first direction, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, the second radiator is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, the second radiator and the first electronic component are used to generate a second parasitic resonance, wherein the first direction is the thickness direction of the foldable electronic device.

2. The foldable electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the floor,

A length L1 of the second radiator between the first connection point and the third position and a length L2 of the second radiator between the third position and the fourth position satisfy: L2/4≤L1≤5×L2/12.

3. The foldable electronic device according to claim 2, characterized in that:

The equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 10 pF, or the equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component is less than 5 nH.

4. The foldable electronic device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that:

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes an electric field zero point region, the electric field zero point region includes the electric field zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between a point in the electric field zero point region and the electric field zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the first connection point is located in the electric field zero point region.

5. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that:

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the currents on the second radiator on both sides of the first connection point are in the same direction;

At the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, the current on the second radiator is reversed on both sides of the first connection point.

6. The foldable electronic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the second connection point,

A length L3 of the second frame between the first connection point and the fourth position and a length L2 of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position satisfy: L2/4≤L3≤5×L2/12.

7. The foldable electronic device according to claim 6, characterized in that:

The equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is less than 1 pF, or the first electronic component is an inductor.

8. The foldable electronic device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that:

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes a current zero point region, the current zero point region includes the current zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between the point in the current zero point region and the current zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the current zero point region.

9. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that:

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the electric field between the second radiator and the floor is in the same direction on both sides of the second gap;

At the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, the electric fields on the second radiator and the floor are opposite to each other on both sides of the second gap.

10. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that:

A frequency difference between a resonance point of the second parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz.

11. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that:

The length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to two-fifths of the length of the first radiator and less than or equal to two-sevenths of the length of the first radiator;

A frequency difference between a resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and a resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz.

12. A foldable electronic device, comprising:

A first shell, a second shell and a floor, wherein

The first frame includes a first position and a second position;

The second frame includes a third position and a fourth position;

An antenna, comprising:

A second radiator and a first electronic component, wherein the second radiator is a conductive portion of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position, and a length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to two thirds of a length of the first radiator;

The second frame has a first slit and a second slit at the third position and the fourth position, respectively; the second radiator includes a first connection point; the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point; and

The second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the floor, the first connection point is located in the central area of the second radiator, and the distance between the point in the central area and the center of the second radiator is less than or equal to 5 mm;

Or wherein the second frame is coupled to the floor at both the third position and the fourth position, the second radiator includes a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the second connection point, the second radiator has a third gap between the first connection point and the second connection point, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the central area;

13. The foldable electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that:

Based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the floor, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is greater than 10 pF, or an equivalent inductance value of the first electronic component is less than 5 nH.

14. The foldable electronic device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that:

When the second radiator generates the first parasitic resonance, it includes an electric field zero point region, and the electric field zero point region includes the electric field zero point when the second radiator generates the first parasitic resonance. The distance between a point in the electric field zero point region and the electric field zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the first connection point is located in the electric field zero point region.

15. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that:

16. The foldable electronic device according to claim 12, characterized in that:

Based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the second connection point, an equivalent capacitance value of the first electronic component is less than 1 pF, or the first electronic component is an inductor.

17. The foldable electronic device according to claim 12 or 16, characterized in that:

The second radiator includes a current zero point region when the first parasitic resonance is generated, and the current zero point region includes a current zero point when the second radiator generates the first parasitic resonance. The distance between a point in the current zero point region and the current zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the current zero point region.

18. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 12, 16 or 17, characterized in that:

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, on both sides of the third gap, the electric field between the second radiator and the floor is in the same direction;

At the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, on both sides of the third gap, the electric field between the second radiator and the floor is opposite.

19. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that:

20. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that:

The length of the second radiator is greater than or equal to three-half of the length of the first radiator and less than or equal to two-fifths of the length of the first radiator;

21. A foldable electronic device, comprising:

A first shell, a second shell and a floor, wherein

The first frame includes a first position and a second position;

The second frame includes a third position and a fourth position;

An antenna, comprising:

a second radiator and a first electronic component, wherein the second radiator is a conductive portion of the second frame between the third position and the fourth position,

Wherein, based on the foldable electronic device being in a folded state, the first radiator and the second radiator at least partially overlap along a first direction, the first radiator is used to generate a first resonance, the second radiator is used to generate a first parasitic resonance, and the second radiator and the first electronic component are used to generate a second parasitic resonance, wherein the first direction is a thickness direction of the foldable electronic device;

Wherein, at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes an electric field zero point region, the electric field zero point region includes the electric field zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between the point in the electric field zero point region and the electric field zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, the second radiator includes a first connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the floor, and the first connection point is located in the electric field zero point region,

Or wherein, at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the second radiator includes a current zero point area, the current zero point area includes the current zero point of the second radiator at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the distance between the point in the current zero point area and the current zero point is less than or equal to 5 mm, the second radiator includes a first connection point and a second connection point, the first end of the first electronic component is coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component is coupled to the second connection point, the second frame opens a first gap between the first connection point and the second connection point, and the first connection point and the second connection point are located in the current zero point area.

22. The foldable electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that, based on the coupling of the first end of the first electronic component with the first connection point, and the coupling of the second end of the first electronic component with the floor, at the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, the currents on the second radiator on both sides of the first connection point are in the same direction;

23. The foldable electronic device according to claim 21, characterized in that, based on the first end of the first electronic component being coupled to the first connection point, and the second end of the first electronic component being coupled to the second connection point,

At the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance, on both sides of the first gap, the electric field between the second radiator and the floor is in the same direction;

At the resonance point of the second parasitic resonance, the electric fields on the second radiator and the floor are opposite to each other on both sides of the first gap.

24. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that:

The first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in a three-quarter mode, and the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in a quarter mode; or

The first parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in a differential mode, and the second parasitic resonance is a resonance generated when the second radiator operates in a common mode.

25. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that:

The frequency difference between the resonance point of the first parasitic resonance and the resonance point of the first resonance is less than or equal to 200 MHz, and/or,

26. The foldable electronic device according to any one of claims 21 to 25, characterized in that:

The first resonance, the first parasitic resonance and the second parasitic resonance are used to jointly support an operating frequency band of the electronic device.