CN119234939A - Composite feed additive for fattening cattle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite feed additive for fattening cattle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a compound feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method thereof. The compound feed additive for fattening cattle comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of gelatinized starch urea, 1-3 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.5-1 part of modified diatomite, 0.1-0.5 part of rumen bypass vitamin C and 0.3-0.5 part of hail vegetable extract. The modified diatomite in the compound additive has good slow release performance, can improve the performance of traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide, has certain film forming property, can improve the stability of the modified diatomite in vitro, is easy to digest and absorb in animals, and can improve the utilization rate of nutrient components by animals. The additive is creatively added into feed, so that the proportion of soybean meal in daily ration can be reduced, the raising cost is reduced, and the growth and development capacity of cattle is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a compound feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of animal husbandry, the breeding scale of fattening cattle is continuously enlarged, and the demand for feed additives is also increasing. The high-quality compound feed additive can improve the growth speed, feed conversion rate and meat quality of the fattening cattle, thereby increasing the breeding benefit.
In order to increase the growth speed of fattening cattle, improve the meat quality, enhance the immunity and increase the utilization rate of feed, the research and the development and the application of the feed additive are particularly important. In recent years, with the progress of technology and the improvement of cultivation technology, more and more novel feed additives are developed for meeting the nutritional requirements of fattening cattle in different growth stages.
Conventional fattening cattle feed additives are mostly based on providing basic nutrition, such as proteins, minerals, vitamins and the like. However, as research proceeds, it has been found that relying solely on these basic nutrients does not fully meet the growing requirements of fattening cattle. In addition, with the development of beef cattle industry, the market price of the soybean meal serving as high-quality protein feed is continuously increased, and compared with other substances, the soybean meal has higher cost. Although the soybean meal has high nutritive value, excessive use may also cause problems such as dyspepsia, diarrhea, etc.
In summary, developing a compound feed additive for fattening cattle and a preparation method thereof have important significance for comprehensively improving the growth performance, health condition and meat quality of the fattening cattle and improving the production efficiency and economic benefit of animal husbandry.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide a compound feed additive for fattening cattle. The modified diatomite in the compound additive has good slow release performance, the performance of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide can be improved, the hail vegetable extract can improve the stability of the modified diatomite, and the utilization rate of the animal to the nutrient components is improved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A compound feed additive for fattening cattle comprises, by weight, 5-10 parts of gelatinized starch urea, 1-3 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.5-1 part of modified diatomite, 0.1-0.5 part of rumen bypass vitamin C and 0.3-0.5 part of hail vegetable extract;
the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding diatomite into water containing a surfactant, adding calcium chloride, stirring for reaction, and filtering, washing, drying and calcining the reaction solution after the reaction is completed to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) Adding the diatomite pretreated in the step (1) into water, adding the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, heating and stirring for a period of time, and collecting the product to obtain the modified diatomite.
The modified diatomite can further increase the specific surface area, the dispersibility and the fluidity of the modified diatomite and enhance the adsorption capacity to the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide by the treatment of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and calcium chloride, and calcium ions in the calcium chloride can enter the diatomite through ion exchange, so that a calcium source can be further provided for feeds, and the growth and the development of the bull are promoted.
The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition comprises the steps of drying traditional Chinese medicine, grinding the traditional Chinese medicine into powder, respectively carrying out enzymolysis by using cellulase and papain, filtering and collecting filtrate after the enzymolysis is finished, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition.
Further, the surfactant in the step (1) is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, and the mass ratio of the diatomite to the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to the calcium chloride is 1 (0.01-0.04) (0.06-0.1).
Further, the temperature of the stirring reaction is 80-100 ℃, and the stirring reaction time is 1-2 hours.
Further, the mass ratio of the pretreated diatomite to the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition in the step (2) is 1 (9-15), the temperature of heating and stirring is 35-45 ℃, and the time of heating and stirring is 1-2 hours.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine is a mixture of eucommia ulmoides leaves, kudzuvine roots and tea leaves residues according to a mass ratio of 1:1 (3-5).
Further, the enzymolysis temperature is 40-50 ℃ and the enzymolysis time is 1-2 hours.
Further, the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine to the cellulase to the papain is 1 (0.002-0.004): 0.001-0.002.
The second aim of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which is simple and efficient, saves cost and is suitable for industrial production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
and weighing the gelatinized starch urea, the guanidinoacetic acid, the modified diatomite, the rumen bypass vitamin C and the hail vegetable extract according to the weight parts, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following main beneficial effects:
1. The invention provides a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which comprises gelatinized starch urea, guanidinoacetic acid, modified diatomite, hail vegetable extract and the like. Experiments show that the additive is creatively added into the feed, so that the proportion of soybean meal in daily ration is reduced, the feeding cost is reduced, the nutrition ingredients of the feed can be enriched, the feed is more balanced, the nutritional requirements of animals in different growth stages can be met, the growth and development capacities of cattle are improved, and the intestinal health is promoted. The modified diatomite in the compound additive has good slow release performance, can effectively slow release traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide, improves the absorption effect of animals on the substances, has certain film forming property on hail vegetable extract molecules, can improve the stability of the modified diatomite in vitro, is easy to digest and absorb in animals, and can improve the utilization rate of the animals on nutrient components.
2. The invention provides the preparation method of the compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which is simple and efficient, saves cost and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. The specific conditions not specified in the examples were carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional products obtained from commercial sources.
Example 1
A compound feed additive for fattening cattle comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 7.5 parts of gelatinized starch urea, 2 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.75 part of modified diatomite, 0.3 part of rumen bypass vitamin C and 0.4 part of hail vegetable extract;
The hail vegetable extract is prepared by cleaning hail vegetable, oven drying, pulverizing, sieving to obtain hail vegetable powder, weighing 50g hail vegetable powder, adding 1000mL of water, soaking for 20 hr, filtering, centrifuging filtrate at 5000rpm for 15min, separating to obtain supernatant, concentrating supernatant to 5% of original volume, adding 2 times volume of ethanol (95%), precipitating with ethanol for 15 hr, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 15min, dissolving the precipitate in water, adding Sevage reagent for deproteinization, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 15min, repeating for 3 times, and concentrating under reduced pressure and lyophilizing to obtain hail vegetable extract.
The preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 100g of diatomite into 1000mL of deionized water containing 3g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding 8g of calcium chloride, heating to 90 ℃ and stirring for reaction for 1.5h, filtering, washing and drying the reaction solution after the reaction is completed, and calcining for 4.5h at 500 ℃ to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) Adding 1g of the diatomite pretreated in the step (1) into deionized water, adding 12g of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, stirring for 1.5h at 40 ℃, collecting a product, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying at 45 ℃ in vacuum for 12h to obtain the modified diatomite.
The preparation process of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition comprises the steps of mixing eucommia ulmoides leaves, kudzuvine roots and tea leaves according to a mass ratio of 1:1:4, drying at 45 ℃ for 12 hours, grinding to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding water which is 8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, soaking for 1 hour, adding cellulase and papain, carrying out enzymolysis for 1.5 hours at 45 ℃ (wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder to the cellulase to the papain is 1:0.003:0.0015), filtering after enzymolysis is finished, collecting filtrate, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition.
The present embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising the steps of:
and weighing the gelatinized starch urea, the guanidinoacetic acid, the modified diatomite, the rumen bypass vitamin C and the hail vegetable extract according to the weight parts, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Example 2
A compound feed additive for fattening cattle comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 5 parts of gelatinized starch urea, 1 part of guanidinoacetic acid, 0.5 part of modified diatomite, 0.1 part of rumen bypass vitamin C and 0.3 part of hail vegetable extract;
the hail vegetable extract was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 100g of kieselguhr into 1000mL of deionized water containing 1g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding 6g of calcium chloride, heating to 100 ℃, stirring and reacting for 1h, filtering, washing and drying the reaction liquid after the reaction is completed, and calcining for 5h at 450 ℃ to obtain pretreated kieselguhr;
(2) Adding 1g of the diatomite pretreated in the step (1) into deionized water, adding 9g of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, stirring for 2 hours at 35 ℃, collecting a product, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying at 45 ℃ in vacuum for 12 hours to obtain the modified diatomite.
The preparation process of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition comprises the steps of mixing eucommia ulmoides leaves, kudzuvine roots and tea leaves according to a mass ratio of 1:1:3, drying at 45 ℃ for 12 hours, grinding to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding water which is 8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, soaking for 1 hour, adding cellulase and papain, performing enzymolysis for 2 hours at 40 ℃ (wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder to the cellulase to the papain is 1:0.002:0.001), filtering after enzymolysis is finished, collecting filtrate, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition.
The present embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising the steps of:
and weighing the gelatinized starch urea, the guanidinoacetic acid, the modified diatomite, the rumen bypass vitamin C and the hail vegetable extract according to the weight parts, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Example 3
A compound feed additive for fattening cattle comprises the following raw materials, by weight, 10 parts of gelatinized starch urea, 3 parts of guanidinoacetic acid, 1 part of modified diatomite, 0.5 part of rumen bypass vitamin C and 0.5 part of hail vegetable extract;
the hail vegetable extract was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
The preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 100g of diatomite into 1000mL of deionized water containing 4g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, adding 10g of calcium chloride, heating to 80 ℃ and stirring for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, washing and drying the reaction liquid after the reaction is completed, and calcining for 4 hours at 550 ℃ to obtain pretreated diatomite;
(2) Adding 1g of the diatomite pretreated in the step (1) into deionized water, adding 15g of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, heating to 45 ℃ and stirring for 1h, collecting a product, washing with deionized water for 3 times, and drying at 45 ℃ in vacuum for 12h to obtain the modified diatomite.
The preparation process of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition comprises the steps of mixing eucommia ulmoides leaves, kudzuvine roots and tea leaves according to a mass ratio of 1:1:5, drying at 45 ℃ for 12 hours, grinding to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding water which is 8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, soaking for 1 hour, adding cellulase and papain, performing enzymolysis for 1 hour at 50 ℃ (wherein the mass ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine powder to the cellulase to the papain is 1:0.004:0.002), filtering after enzymolysis is finished, collecting filtrate, and freeze-drying the filtrate to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition.
The present embodiment 1 also provides a method for preparing a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, comprising the steps of:
and weighing the gelatinized starch urea, the guanidinoacetic acid, the modified diatomite, the rumen bypass vitamin C and the hail vegetable extract according to the weight parts, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that modified diatomite is replaced by diatomite and a traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, wherein the preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that a traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition is replaced by a traditional Chinese medicine extract, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine extract is prepared by mixing eucommia ulmoides leaves, kudzuvine roots and tea leaves residues according to a mass ratio of 1:1:4, drying at 45 ℃ for 12 hours, grinding to obtain traditional Chinese medicine powder, adding water which is 8 times of the total weight of the raw materials, soaking for 1 hour, boiling for 1.5 hours at 90 ℃, and then filtering, concentrating and drying to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine extract.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a compound feed additive for fattening cattle, which differs from example 1 in that hail vegetable extract is omitted.
The effect test of the compound feeds obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 was as follows.
Test example 1
Healthy Siemens grown on bulls at 11 months of age and close body weight were selected and divided into control, example 1, example 2, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3. Example 1 group of the compound feed additive obtained in example 1 was added to the daily ration in an amount of 0.9%, and the control group was different from example 1 in that the additive of example 1 was not added during the feeding, and the other groups were the same as example 1, and the other groups were each added with the corresponding group of additives (0.9% of the amount of the basic daily ration) to the daily ration, respectively. The test cattle are fed in scattered columns, the feeding area of each cattle is 14m 2, free water drinking and free movement are realized, the cattle are fed twice a day (07:00 and 16:00), and the daily feed intake of each cattle is recorded. Each group of cattle was transitioned to the test diet during the pre-feed period, which was 15 days.
In order to study the influence of the feed additive on the growth performance of the fat cows, the fasting weight before the morning feeding of each group of cows of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 is tested on the 1 st day and 100 th day of the test period, and the individual feed intake of each group of cows is measured by a feed intake measuring device (Beijing hui peng access technology). Dry matter feed intake (DMI), average Daily Gain (ADG), and feed weight ratio (F/G) were calculated for each cow. The test results are shown in Table 1.
In the fattening and raising production of Siemens cattle, daily gain is an important index reflecting the fattening effect of Siemens cattle. The mass of dry matter of the feed consumed by average daily gain, i.e. the feed to weight ratio (F/G), is a key indicator for measuring the cost of the feed per kilogram of gain of beef cattle. As shown in the test results of Table 1, the fattening weight gain performance of the Siemens bull of the embodiments 1-3 is improved.
In the experiment, the compound feed additive described in the embodiment 1 is adopted to replace soybean meal in daily ration, so that the total weight gain, average daily weight gain and feed weight ratio of the Siemens fattening bull in the embodiment 1-3 groups are obviously improved compared with those in the comparative embodiment 1-3 groups in the whole feeding period, and the fact that the compound feed additive described in the embodiment 1 is adopted to replace the soybean meal can not promote the growth of the cattle is demonstrated.
Compared with example 1, in comparative example 1, the diatomite is replaced by diatomite and the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, the diatomite is not modified, the total weight gain and the average daily weight gain of the Siemens fattening bull are reduced, and the feed weight ratio is increased. On the one hand, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate added in the diatomite modification process can improve the dispersing capacity of diatomite, increase the specific surface area of the diatomite and improve the loading capacity of the diatomite on polypeptide. On the other hand, the calcium chloride added in the process can also provide a calcium source for animals, thereby being beneficial to improving the growth and development ability of cattle.
Compared with the example 1, the comparison example 2 replaces the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide with the traditional Chinese medicine extract, the total weight gain and the average daily weight gain of the Siemens fattening bull in the group are reduced, and the result shows that the importance of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide in promoting the growth and development ability of the cattle is shown. Compared with the Siemens fattening bull of the example 1, the Siemens fattening bull of the comparative example 3 also has reduced total weight gain and average daily weight gain, and the feed-weight ratio is increased, because the addition of hail vegetable extract is omitted, the hail vegetable extract has certain film forming property, the stability of modified diatomite can be improved in vitro, the Siemens fattening bull is easy to digest and absorb in animals, and the utilization rate of nutrient components of the animals can be improved.
Test example 2
Cattle were slaughtered after 110 days of the test, and the pre-slaughter weights, carcass weights, and slaughter rates of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured.
Pre-slaughter live weight-weight weighed before slaughter of test cattle.
Carcass weight, after slaughtering and bleeding, the head, hooves (the lower part of the anterior knee joint and the hind toe joint), skin, viscera, tail, reproductive organs, kidneys and kidney fat, the remaining trunk portion.
Slaughter rate (%) (carcass weight/pre-slaughter live weight). Times.100.
The results of the above test are recorded in table 2.
As shown by the test results in Table 2, the slaughtering rate of the cattle in the examples 1-3 is obviously improved compared with that in the comparative examples 1-3, so that the feed provided by the invention can reduce the feeding cost and improve the growth and development capability of the cattle by reducing the proportion of soybean meal in daily ration.
Compared with example 1, the diatomite is not modified in the comparative example 1, but is simply compounded with the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide composition, so that the slaughter rate is also reduced, and the modified diatomite has good slow release performance, so that the effect of the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide can be improved, and the slaughter rate is improved. The most obvious decrease of the slaughter rate of the comparative example 2 shows that the traditional Chinese medicine polypeptide can obviously improve the slaughter rate, and the decrease of the slaughter rate of the comparative example 3 to 59.32 percent is caused by the addition of hail vegetable extract, so that the stability of modified diatomite can be improved, the utilization rate of animals to nutrient components can be improved, and the slaughter rate of cattle can be effectively improved.
Test example 3
Cattle were slaughtered after 110 days of the test, and the quality of beef according to examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 3 was measured.
(1) Measuring the cooking loss, namely weighing the sample meat blocks, namely W 1, putting the sample meat blocks into a cooking bag, heating the sample meat blocks in an 80 ℃ water bath, taking out the meat blocks to cool the meat blocks to room temperature when the temperature of the center of the meat samples reaches 70 ℃, weighing the meat samples again, namely W 2, and recording the cooking loss (%) = (W 1-W2）/W1 multiplied by 100;
(2) Shear force measurement, namely measuring according to NY/T1180-2006 standard;
(3) Determining dripping loss according to NY/T1333-2007 method for determining meat quality of livestock and poultry;
(4) The meat color value is obtained by selecting 3 measuring points (uniformly distributed on the longest diagonal line) on the front and back sides of meat sample, measuring each measuring point for 3 times by using a color difference meter, and marking the average value of 3 times as final L, a and b values, wherein the measurement of water, protein and fat is carried out according to the corresponding measuring method in national standard.
The water drop loss and the cooking loss show that the water retention capacity of the beef, namely the water retention capacity of the beef, the flavor substances and the taste of the beef are greatly related to the water retention capacity, and the smaller the water drop loss and the cooking loss, the better the water retention performance of the beef, the test results in table 3 show that the water retention performance of the beef of the group of examples 1-3 is not significantly affected, and the water retention performance of the beef of the group of comparative examples 1-3 is reduced.
The shearing force is an index capable of intuitively reflecting the tenderness of beef, and as can be seen from the test results in table 3, the shearing force of beef in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can be significantly improved, and the tenderness is increased.
The flesh color plays a quite key role in evaluating the quality of beef, and the brightness value L, the redness value a and the yellowness value b directly influence the brightness, the brightness and the freshness of beef. It can be seen that the beef of examples 1 to 3 exhibited a glossy red color, and the brightness value, the redness value, and the yellowness value were all improved.
By observing the content changes of the moisture, the protein and the fat in the beef in the groups, the content of the fat and the protein in the muscle of the Siemens fattening bull is slightly improved by adding the compound feed additive to replace bean pulp in daily ration.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. While the basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above with specific embodiments, modifications or substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention as claimed.
Claims (9)
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