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CN119270275B - A method for monitoring low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence based on wind profiler radar - Google Patents

A method for monitoring low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence based on wind profiler radar Download PDF

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CN119270275B
CN119270275B CN202411795533.3A CN202411795533A CN119270275B CN 119270275 B CN119270275 B CN 119270275B CN 202411795533 A CN202411795533 A CN 202411795533A CN 119270275 B CN119270275 B CN 119270275B
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CN119270275A (en
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孙康远
慕瑞琪
慕熙昱
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Nanjing Institute Of Meteorological Science And Technology Innovation
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/95Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/41Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

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Abstract

The invention discloses a low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on a wind profile radar. And calculating the vertical wind speed and horizontal wind speed profile by using radial speed data in a five-beam detection mode, obtaining wind shear indexes in the vertical and horizontal directions according to the vertical wind speed and horizontal wind speed profile, and calculating the atmospheric horizontal movement uniformity index by using four groups of horizontal wind speed standard deviations. Five sets of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate profiles are calculated and synthesized in combination with radial velocity spectrum width data and temperature profiles provided by other observation means such as microwave radiometers, sondes or satellites. The method can continuously monitor wind shear, horizontal motion uniformity and turbulence conditions in the low-altitude atmosphere under high space-time resolution, and provides powerful technical support for low-altitude flight safety.

Description

Low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on wind profile radar
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on a wind profile radar, and belongs to the field of atmospheric science.
Background
The low-altitude economy is a comprehensive economy form which is below 1000 m in vertical range and can extend to a low-altitude airspace range not exceeding 3000 m according to actual needs, mainly comprises civil manned or unmanned aircrafts, and adopts multi-scene low-altitude flight activities such as manned, cargo carrying and the like as traction and adopts radiation to drive the fusion development of the related fields.
The meteorological service guarantee is used as a part of a low-altitude economic service guarantee system, has very important function, and has important technical support function for planning a navigable airspace, designing a safe and reasonable route and coordinating and making a low-altitude airspace flight plan. Under a clear sky condition, the atmospheric motion factors influencing the flight safety mainly comprise wind shear and turbulence influence, the wind shear is divided into horizontal wind shear and vertical wind shear, the traditional method is difficult to accurately obtain the motion condition of the atmospheric motion in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction at the same time, and the non-uniformity of the atmospheric motion in the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension is an important factor influencing the flight safety. The clear sky turbulence is a very complex and ubiquitous atmospheric movement phenomenon, and the strength and the change trend of the phenomenon have great influence on the flight safety.
Because the atmospheric wind shear and the turbulence of clear sky have great harm to flight safety, some existing methods based on sounding and wind shear calculation are limited by lower sounding station network density, only 3 sounding stations are used in Jiangsu province as an example, only 2-3 sounding stations are used in Jiangsu province every day, the space-time resolution is lower, and the requirements of users on high space-time resolution service are difficult to meet. The wind profile radar has very high space-time resolution, the time resolution is generally 6 minutes, the vertical height resolution is generally 50-60 m according to different radars, the site density is higher, and the current situation of using Jiangsu province as an example is that the wind profile radar is already deployed in 23 parts and forgets to continue to increase in the future. Therefore, the wind profile radar can be used for all-weather continuous detection, and the conditions of wind speed, wind direction, wind shear and turbulence above the measuring station can be observed in real time, so that the wind profile radar is an important tool for monitoring the atmospheric movement condition under the clear sky condition, and is helpful for providing a more effective low-altitude atmospheric condition monitoring and early warning means for related departments.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of sparse distribution and low space-time resolution of low-altitude atmosphere detection of the existing ground sounding station network, the invention provides a low-altitude atmosphere wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on a wind profile radar, which solves the problems of insufficient wind shear and turbulence identification and early warning capability of low-altitude atmosphere movement when a low-altitude atmosphere monitoring means is absent.
In order to solve the technical problems, the method of the invention needs to use five-beam detection wind profile radar data, and the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on wind profile radar, comprising the steps of:
Step S1, based on radial speed data in a wind profile radar five-beam detection mode, obtaining a vertical wind profile by using a vertical detection beam, and respectively calculating to obtain a vertical wind shear index of a vertical wind speed in any given height interval in a vertical direction according to the obtained vertical wind profile;
S2, based on wind profile radar five-beam detection radial speed data, calculating to obtain four groups of horizontal wind profiles by using a three-beam horizontal wind inversion theory, and respectively calculating to obtain vertical wind shear indexes of any given height interval of the horizontal wind speed in the vertical direction according to the obtained horizontal wind profiles;
S3, calculating four groups of horizontal wind speeds obtained by calculation in the step S2, and calculating standard deviations and atmospheric horizontal movement uniformity indexes of the four groups of horizontal wind speeds;
S4, based on radial velocity spectrum width data detected by five beams, combining a microwave radiometer or a satellite observed temperature profile, calculating to obtain five groups of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate profiles, correcting according to the distance, and synthesizing;
And step S5, combining the steps S1-S4, and obtaining the vertical shear index of the horizontal wind and the vertical wind, the motion uniformity index of the horizontal dimension of the atmosphere and the continuous time-space variation trend of the kinetic energy dissipation rate of the turbulence of the atmosphere under the continuous high time-space resolution real-time observation mode of the wind profile radar.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the specific method of step S1 is as follows:
The wind profile radar transmits five beams to five directions in the northeast, the south and the northwest for detection according to a given sequence at one time, each beam detection is divided into 1-gatenum distance banks, gatenum are the number of the distance banks, the length of each distance bank is GL, and the included angle between each beam and the vertical direction is Five beam radial velocities for wind profile radar detection are defined asThen each range bin radial velocity in each beam is defined asWherein i= L, N, W, E, S represents a middle beam, a north beam, a west beam, an east beam, and a south beam, respectively, j=1, 2, 3.
For a medium beam, vertical velocityFor the other four beams, vertical velocityFor any given altitude interval H1 and H2, the vertical shear index of the vertical wind is defined as:
(1)
according to the formula (1), the vertical wind shear index profile of five groups of vertical wind can be obtained through calculation.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the specific method in step S2 is as follows:
the three-beam horizontal wind inversion method is adopted, the middle beam points to the zenith, and the radial speed is equal to the vertical speed, namely The two oblique beams are azimuthally 90 deg. apart, and the radial velocity is measuredAccording to the formula (2) and the formula (3), 2 horizontal wind components are derived from the combination of the two oblique beams and the middle beamFour groups of horizontal wind speeds are calculatedHorizontal wind direction(i=1~4):
(2)
(3)
Likewise, the horizontal wind vertical shear index defining any given height interval H1 and H2 is:
(4)
According to the formula (4), the vertical wind shear index profile of four groups of horizontal winds is calculated.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific method of step S3 is as follows:
For each distance library of the wind profile radar, four horizontal wind speeds are obtained by calculation in step S2 (i=1~4),
The set of horizontal velocity averages is:
(5)
Standard deviation of The method comprises the following steps:
(6)
also, an atmospheric horizontal dimension uniformity index is defined :
(7)
Wherein abs is the absolute function, max is the maximum function of four horizontal speeds of the distance library, and the maximum function is the uniformity index of the horizontal dimension of the atmosphereWhen the distance is 0, the isotropy of the horizontal dimension of the atmosphere in the distance library is shown, the uniformity of the horizontal movement of the atmosphere is strong, whenAbove 0, this indicates that the horizontal movement of the atmosphere is non-uniform, andThe larger the atmospheric horizontal movement, the stronger the inhomogeneity.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific method of step S4 is to obtain the atmospheric temperature profile first, interpolate to the same high resolution as the profile radar, and obtain the temperature profileTurbulent dissipation ratioThe calculation formula is as follows:
(8)
Wherein C is a constant, N is a Bragg frequency, Radial velocity spectrum width for wind profile radar radial observation. The formula for calculating the cloth dimensional frequency is as follows:
(9)
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity, Is the temperature of the water at the temperature,Is a constant value, and is used for the treatment of the skin,Is a vertical gradient of the temperature and is characterized by,,AndGround temperature and air pressure;
radial velocity spectrum width of five beams detected by wind profile radar is combined with temperature profile to calculate five groups of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rates A profile;
Five groups of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates are calculated Five sets of turbulent dissipation ratios were synthesized after the profile.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the specific method for combining five sets of turbulence dissipation ratios is that, in the same detection mode, for the nth range bin, vertical beam detectionIs higher than the height of (2)Tilt beam detectionIs higher than the height of (2)Distance correction is performed on the data, inclined beam data is corrected to the condition that vertical beam height interval is used as a standard, and turbulence energy dissipation rate is expressed by height instead of distance library for a middle beamFor other beams, corrected turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratioThe method comprises the following steps:
(10)
Wherein the method comprises the steps of The interpolation for oblique beams is shown, with the interpolation criteria being vertical beam height spacing. The final resultant turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratio profile is:
(11)
wherein i= L, W, E, S, N, std is standard deviation, In order to find the average function,The condition that the standard deviation is smaller than 3 times of the data is required to be met, otherwise, the abnormal value is eliminated.
The beneficial effects are that:
The method for calculating the low-altitude atmosphere correlation index and the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate has the main advantages that the method comprises the following 4 aspects:
1. The invention uses the wind profile radar radial speed data to detect the data in real time, has higher space-time resolution and accuracy, and can continuously observe in 24 hours without being attended;
2. according to the invention, the low-altitude wind shear is divided into the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension for calculation, so that the defect of three-dimensional wind shear observation at present can be overcome, and the fine monitoring of the low-altitude wind shear is improved;
3. The invention provides a uniformity index of low-altitude atmosphere movement in a horizontal dimension, which improves the monitoring capability of the low-altitude atmosphere movement state;
4. The invention calculates the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate by using the radial velocity spectrum width, corrects and synthesizes the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate according to the distance, can monitor the turbulence motion condition of the low-altitude atmosphere, and provides a means for monitoring the atmospheric turbulence in real time for low-altitude flight users.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for calculating the low-altitude atmospheric air index and the turbulence kinetic energy dissipation ratio according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a five beam wind profile radar detection;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratio synthesis.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to figures 1-3 and the examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence monitoring method based on a wind profile radar, which mainly comprises the following steps:
Step S1, five groups of vertical wind speed profiles can be calculated and obtained based on the wind profile radar five-beam detection radial speed data, and vertical wind shear indexes of any given height interval of the vertical wind speed in the vertical direction can be calculated and obtained respectively according to the obtained vertical wind speed profiles. The specific calculation process is as follows:
As shown in fig. 1, the wind profile radar transmits five beams in five directions of the north and south of the east and west for detection in a predetermined sequence at a time, each beam detection is divided into 1 to about um distance bins (gatenum is the number of distance bins), and each distance bin has a length GL (GL is generally 50m to 60m in low-mode detection). Each beam has an included angle with the vertical direction of Five beam radial velocities for wind profile radar detection are defined asThen each range bin radial velocity in each beam is defined asWhere i= L, N, W, E, S represents a middle beam, a north beam, a west beam, an east beam, and a south beam, respectively, j=1, 2, 3.
For a medium beam, vertical velocityFor the other four beams, vertical velocityFor any given altitude interval H1 and H2, the vertical shear index of the vertical wind is defined as:
(1)
according to the formula (1), the vertical wind shear index profile of five groups of vertical wind can be obtained through calculation.
And S2, based on wind profile radar five-beam detection radial speed data, four groups of horizontal wind profiles can be calculated and obtained by using a three-beam horizontal wind inversion theory, and according to the obtained horizontal wind profiles, vertical wind shear indexes of any given height interval of the horizontal wind speed in the vertical direction are calculated and obtained respectively. The specific calculation process comprises the following steps:
when the three-beam horizontal wind inversion theory is adopted, the middle beam points to the zenith, and the radial velocity is equal to the vertical velocity, namely The two tilted beams (four groups of east and south, east and north, west and south) are azimuthally 90 deg. different, and the radial velocity is measuredFrom equation (2) and equation (3), 2 horizontal wind components can be derived from the combination of two oblique beams and a mid beamFurther, four groups of horizontal wind speeds are calculatedHorizontal wind direction(i=1~4):
, (2)
, (3)
Likewise, the horizontal wind vertical shear index defining any given height interval H1 and H2 is:
(4)
According to the formula (4), the vertical wind shear index profile of four groups of horizontal wind can be obtained through calculation.
And S3, calculating four groups of horizontal wind speed standard deviations on each distance base by using the four groups of horizontal wind speed profiles calculated in the step S2, and defining and calculating to obtain an atmospheric horizontal dimension uniformity index on the basis of the standard deviations, wherein the atmospheric horizontal dimension uniformity index is used for representing the non-uniformity condition of the atmospheric movement in the horizontal dimension in the detection range of the wind profile radar.
The specific calculation process comprises the following steps:
For each distance library of the wind profile radar, four horizontal wind speeds are obtained by calculation in step S2 (i=1~4),
The set of horizontal velocity averages is:
(5)
Standard deviation of The method comprises the following steps:
(6)
also, an atmospheric horizontal dimension uniformity index is defined :
(7)
Where abs is the absolute function and max is the maximum function of four horizontal speeds of the distance library. When the atmospheric horizontal dimension uniformity indexWhen the distance is 0, the isotropy of the horizontal dimension of the atmosphere in the distance library is shown, the uniformity of the horizontal movement of the atmosphere is strong, whenAbove 0, this indicates that the horizontal movement of the atmosphere is non-uniform, andThe larger the atmospheric horizontal movement, the stronger the inhomogeneity.
And S4, based on radial velocity spectrum width data detected by five beams, combining with other means of microwave radiometers and sounding (namely sounding balloons for observing the atmospheric temperature, pressure, humidity and wind conditions, which are applied daily at fixed time by national weather stations, and temperature profiles of the atmosphere from bottom to high-rise temperature, pressure, humidity and wind information) or satellite observation, calculating to obtain five groups of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate profiles, correcting and synthesizing according to the distance, and representing the turbulence motion intensity in the radar detection range of the wind profile. The specific calculation process comprises the following steps:
Firstly, obtaining an atmospheric temperature profile by other observation means (a microwave radiometer, sounding, a satellite, etc.), interpolating to the same high resolution as a profile radar, and obtaining a temperature profile . Turbulent dissipation ratioThe calculation formula is as follows:
(8)
Wherein C is a constant, N is a Bragg frequency, Radial velocity spectrum width for wind profile radar radial observation. The formula for calculating the cloth dimensional frequency is as follows:
(9)
wherein g is the acceleration of gravity, Is the temperature of the water at the temperature,Is a constant value, and is used for the treatment of the skin,Is a vertical gradient of the temperature and is characterized by,,AndThe ground temperature and the air pressure can be obtained by ground observation.
Therefore, the radial velocity spectrum width of five beams detected by using the wind profile radar can be calculated to obtain five groups of turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rates by combining the temperature profileA profile.
Five groups of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates are calculatedAfter the profile, five groups of turbulence dissipation rates are synthesized, and the characteristics of a wind profile radar detection mode are considered during synthesis, and as the beams in the wind profile radar are vertically detected, other four beams are observed at a certain zenith angleGenerally 14-15 °) for vertical beam detection for the nth range bin in the same detection modeIs higher than the height of (2)Tilt beam detectionIs higher than the height of (2)When the detection distance is relatively short, the detection device can detect the position of the object,AndThe error of the approximate equality is smaller, when the detection distance is longer,AndTo enlarge the errorFor example, when the angle is 15 °, the error at the height of 2000m reaches 70m, which exceeds the size of a distance library, and at this time, it is necessary to correct the distance when synthesizing the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation profile, and correct the oblique beam data to the case that the vertical beam height interval is the standard. For the mid beam, turbulent flow energy dissipation ratio is expressed in terms of a high surrogate distance binFor other beams, corrected turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratioThe method comprises the following steps:
(10)
Wherein the method comprises the steps of The interpolation for oblique beams is shown, with the interpolation criteria being vertical beam height spacing. The final resultant turbulent kinetic energy dissipation ratio profile is:
(11)
wherein i= L, W, E, S, N, std is standard deviation, In order to find the average function,The condition that the standard deviation is smaller than 3 times of the data is required to be met, otherwise, the abnormal value is eliminated.
And S5, combining the calculation results of the steps S1-S4 with continuous high space-time resolution observation of the wind profile radar, and obtaining real-time and continuous wind shear conditions of low-altitude atmosphere movement in the horizontal dimension and the vertical dimension, atmosphere movement uniformity conditions of different heights in the wind profile radar detection range and atmosphere turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rate conditions of different heights in the wind profile radar detection range. The specific calculation process is as follows:
And S1-S4, obtaining a vertical profile of each index at each observation moment, when the wind profile radar runs continuously in real time, obtaining a continuous time-space variation trend of each index above the measuring station, and providing real-time and continuous wind shear index, atmospheric movement uniformity index and turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate for users along with continuous and new real-time data of observation.
The present invention is disclosed in the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the technical solutions obtained by the equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation are all within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1.一种基于风廓线雷达的低空大气风切变和湍流监测方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. A method for monitoring low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence based on wind profiler radar, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 步骤S1、基于风廓线雷达五波束探测模式下的径向速度资料,由垂直探测波束获得垂直风速廓线,依据获得的垂直风速廓线,分别计算得到垂直风速在垂直方向上任意给定高度区间的垂直风切变指数;风廓线雷达一次探测按照既定的顺序向东南西北中五个方向发射五个波束进行探测,每个波束探测分为1~gatenum个距离库,gatenum为距离库数量,每个距离库库长为GL,每个波束和垂直方向夹角为,定义风廓线雷达探测的五个波束径向速度为,则每个波束中每个距离库径向速度定义为,其中i=L、N、W、E、S,分别代表中波束、北波束、西波束、东波束和南波束,j=1、2、3……gatenum;Step S1, based on the radial velocity data in the five-beam detection mode of the wind profiler radar, the vertical wind speed profile is obtained by the vertical detection beam, and the vertical wind shear index of the vertical wind speed in any given height interval in the vertical direction is calculated according to the obtained vertical wind speed profile; the wind profiler radar launches five beams in the five directions of southeast, northwest, and center for detection in a predetermined order, and each beam detection is divided into 1~gatenum distance bins, gatenum is the number of distance bins, the length of each distance bin is GL, and the angle between each beam and the vertical direction is , the five beam radial velocities detected by the wind profiler radar are defined as , then the radial velocity of each range bin in each beam is defined as , where i=L, N, W, E, S, representing the middle beam, north beam, west beam, east beam and south beam respectively, j=1, 2, 3...gatenum; 对于中波束,垂直速度,对于其他四个波束,垂直速度,对于任意给定高度区间H1和H2,定义垂直风的垂直切变指数为:For medium beam, vertical velocity , for the other four beams, the vertical velocity , for any given height interval H1 and H2, the vertical shear index of vertical wind is defined as: (1) (1) 按照公式(1),即可以计算获得五组垂直风的垂直风切变指数廓线;According to formula (1), five sets of vertical wind shear index profiles can be calculated; 步骤S2、基于风廓线雷达五波束探测模式下的径向速度资料,使用三波束水平风反演理论计算获得四组水平风速廓线,依据获得的水平风速廓线,分别计算得到水平风速在垂直方向上任意给定高度区间的垂直风切变指数;Step S2, based on the radial velocity data in the five-beam detection mode of the wind profiler radar, four sets of horizontal wind speed profiles are calculated using the three-beam horizontal wind inversion theory, and the vertical wind shear index of the horizontal wind speed in any given height interval in the vertical direction is calculated according to the obtained horizontal wind speed profiles; 步骤S3、使用步骤S2计算获得的四组水平风速,计算该四组水平风速的标准差和大气水平运动均一性指数;Step S3, using the four groups of horizontal wind speeds calculated in step S2, calculating the standard deviation of the four groups of horizontal wind speeds and the atmospheric horizontal motion uniformity index; 步骤S4、基于风廓线雷达五波束探测模式下的径向速度资料,结合微波辐射计或者卫星观测的温度廓线,计算获得五组湍流动能耗散率廓线并按照距离订正并进行合成:首先获得大气温度廓线,插值到和风廓线雷达同样的高度分辨率,获得温度廓线,湍流耗散率计算公式如下:Step S4: Based on the radial velocity data of the wind profiler radar in the five-beam detection mode, combined with the temperature profile of the microwave radiometer or satellite observation, five sets of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate profiles are calculated and corrected according to the distance and synthesized: first, the atmospheric temperature profile is obtained, interpolated to the same altitude resolution as the wind profiler radar, and the temperature profile is obtained. , turbulent dissipation rate The calculation formula is as follows: (8) (8) 其中C为常数,N为布维频率,为风廓线雷达径向观测的径向速度谱宽;布维频率计算公式如下:Where C is a constant, N is the Bouvet frequency, is the radial velocity spectrum width of the wind profiler radar radial observation; the Bouvet frequency calculation formula is as follows: (9) (9) 其中g为重力加速度,为位温,为常数,为温度垂直梯度,为地面温度和气压;Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, is the potential temperature, is a constant, is the vertical temperature gradient, , and is the ground temperature and air pressure; 使用风廓线雷达探测的五个波束的径向速度谱宽,结合温度廓线,计算获得五组湍流动能耗散率廓线;Five groups of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates were calculated using the radial velocity spectrum widths of the five beams detected by the wind profiler radar and combined with the temperature profile. Profile; 计算得到五组湍流动能耗散率廓线之后,对五组湍流耗散率进行合成;对五组湍流耗散率进行合成的具体方法为:在同一种探测模式下,对于第n个距离库,垂直波束探测的的高度,倾斜波束探测的的高度,对其进行距离订正,将倾斜波束数据订正到以垂直波束高度间隔为标准的情况,对于中波束,以高度代替距离库数表示湍流动能耗散率,对于其他波束,订正后的湍流动能耗散率为:Five groups of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates were calculated After the profile is drawn, the five groups of turbulence dissipation rates are synthesized; the specific method for synthesizing the five groups of turbulence dissipation rates is as follows: in the same detection mode, for the nth range library, the vertical beam detection Height , tilt beam detection Height , and correct the distance. Correct the tilt beam data to the vertical beam height interval. For the medium beam, the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate is expressed by height instead of distance bin number. , for other beams, the corrected turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate is for: (10) (10) 其中表示对倾斜波束插值,插值标准为垂直波束高度间隔,最终合成的湍流动能耗散率廓线为:in represents the interpolation of the inclined beam, the interpolation standard is the vertical beam height interval, and the final synthesized turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate profile is: (11) (11) 其中,i=L、W、E、S、N,std为标准差,为求平均函数,需要满足小于该组数据3倍标准差的条件,否则为异常值进行剔除;Among them, i=L, W, E, S, N, std is the standard deviation, To find the average function, It needs to be less than 3 times the standard deviation of the data set, otherwise it will be eliminated as an outlier; 步骤S5、结合步骤S1-步骤S4,在风廓线雷达连续的高时空分辨率实时观测模式下,获得水平风和垂直风的垂直切变指数、大气水平维度运动均一性指数以及大气湍流动能耗散率的连续时空变化趋势。Step S5, in combination with step S1-step S4, in the continuous high spatiotemporal resolution real-time observation mode of the wind profiler radar, the vertical shear index of horizontal wind and vertical wind, the atmospheric horizontal dimension motion uniformity index and the continuous spatiotemporal variation trend of the atmospheric turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate are obtained. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于风廓线雷达的低空大气风切变和湍流监测方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中的具体方法为:2. The method for monitoring low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence based on wind profiler radar according to claim 1, wherein the specific method in step S2 is: 采用三波束水平风反演方法,中波束指向天顶,径向速度等于垂直速度,即,两个倾斜波束在方位角上相差90°,测量的是径向速度,根据公式(2)和公式(3),由两个倾斜波束和中波束组合推导出2个水平风分量,计算出四组水平风速、水平风向The three-beam horizontal wind inversion method is used, with the middle beam pointing to the zenith and the radial velocity equal to the vertical velocity, that is, The two tilted beams differ by 90° in azimuth and measure the radial velocity. According to formula (2) and formula (3), two horizontal wind components are derived from the combination of two tilt beams and the middle beam: , , calculate four sets of horizontal wind speeds , horizontal wind direction : (2) (2) (3) (3) 同样,定义任意给定高度区间H1和H2的水平风垂直切变指数为:Similarly, the horizontal wind vertical shear index for any given height interval H1 and H2 is defined as: (4) (4) 按照公式(4),计算获得四组水平风的垂直风切变指数廓线。According to formula (4), four sets of horizontal wind vertical wind shear index profiles are calculated. 3.根据权利要求1所述的基于风廓线雷达的低空大气风切变和湍流监测方法,其特征在于:所述步骤S3的具体方法为:3. The method for monitoring low-altitude atmospheric wind shear and turbulence based on wind profiler radar according to claim 1, characterized in that the specific method of step S3 is: 对于风廓线雷达每一个距离库,由步骤S2计算获得了四个水平风速For each range library of the wind profiler radar, four horizontal wind speeds are calculated by step S2: , 该组水平速度均值为:The mean horizontal velocity of this group is: (5) (5) 标准差为:Standard Deviation for: (6) (6) 定义大气水平维度均一性指数Defining the atmospheric horizontal dimensional homogeneity index : (7) (7) 其中abs为取绝对值函数,max为取该距离库四个水平速度最大值函数,当大气水平维度均一性指数为0时,表明该距离库中大气水平维度各向同性,大气水平运动均一性强,当大于0时,表明大气水平运动具有不均一性,且越大,大气水平运动具不均一性越强。Where abs is the absolute value function, max is the maximum value function of the four horizontal velocities in the distance library, and when the atmospheric horizontal dimension homogeneity index When it is 0, it indicates that the horizontal dimension of the atmosphere in the distance library is isotropic and the horizontal motion of the atmosphere is highly uniform. When it is greater than 0, it indicates that the horizontal motion of the atmosphere is inhomogeneous, and The larger it is, the more inhomogeneous the horizontal motion of the atmosphere is.
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