CN119288415B - Fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in tight oil horizontal well seam - Google Patents
Fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in tight oil horizontal well seamInfo
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- CN119288415B CN119288415B CN202411651765.1A CN202411651765A CN119288415B CN 119288415 B CN119288415 B CN 119288415B CN 202411651765 A CN202411651765 A CN 202411651765A CN 119288415 B CN119288415 B CN 119288415B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及采油工程技术领域，尤其涉及一种致密油水平井缝内暂堵与增能交替的压裂工艺，本发明通过对致密油水平井进行测井得到油层厚度、致密油水平井的孔隙度以及水平井长度，通过对致密油水平井的施工段进行增能压裂与暂堵压裂交替施工，以提高压后产油效果，在所述增能压裂段，对二氧化碳的注入量进行计算，提高了本发明的适应性，在所述暂堵压裂段前进行扩散范围预测，确定暂堵压裂施工段的位置，提高了压裂效率，在暂堵压裂施工中注入暂堵剂封堵裂缝末端后，计算针对暂堵压裂的扩散表征参数，调整再次注入低粘压裂液时的注入压力，有效提高水平井地层能量，增大缝控体积，有效动用储层原油，提高采出程度。
The present invention relates to the technical field of oil production engineering, and in particular to a fracturing process for alternating temporary plugging and energy enhancement in tight oil horizontal well fractures. The present invention obtains the oil layer thickness, the porosity of the tight oil horizontal well, and the length of the horizontal well by logging the tight oil horizontal well, and performs energy enhancement fracturing and temporary plugging fracturing alternately on the construction section of the tight oil horizontal well to improve the oil production effect after fracturing. In the energy enhancement fracturing section, the injection amount of carbon dioxide is calculated, which improves the adaptability of the present invention. The diffusion range is predicted before the temporary plugging fracturing section to determine the position of the temporary plugging fracturing construction section, which improves the fracturing efficiency. After a temporary plugging agent is injected to plug the end of the fracture during the temporary plugging fracturing construction, the diffusion characterization parameters for the temporary plugging fracturing are calculated, and the injection pressure when a low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected again is adjusted, thereby effectively improving the horizontal well formation energy, increasing the fracture control volume, effectively mobilizing the reservoir crude oil, and improving the recovery degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well seam.
Background
The tight oil horizontal well belongs to an extremely low permeability reservoir, cannot realize water injection development, and can only depend on natural energy exploitation. Conventional fracturing development has the problems of insufficient transformation, rapid decrease of yield after fracturing and the like, and a horizontal well fracturing process capable of effectively improving stratum energy and transformation effect is needed at present.
The Chinese patent grant publication number CN115992683A discloses a stratum fluid injection energizing and temporary plugging diversion collaborative fracturing method, which comprises the following steps of selecting a deep stratum development area, injecting a second preset volume of fracturing fluid into the development area at a second preset displacement for forming a main fracture in the stratum of the development area, acquiring construction parameters of a main fracture forming process, calculating the fracture length of the main fracture according to the construction parameters, determining the radius of a maximum main stress field inversion area in a certain area of the main fracture according to the fracture length of the main fracture, defining a dimensionless time, determining the optimal dimensionless time according to the change relation between the dimensionless time and the ratio of the radius of the maximum main stress field inversion area to the fracture length of the main fracture, calculating the optimal injection time through the optimal dimensionless time, injecting the injection fluid into the deep part of the development area at a third preset displacement, injecting the temporary diversion fluid of the fourth preset volume into the deep part of the development area at a fourth preset displacement, and injecting the fifth preset volume of temporary diversion fluid into the deep part of the development area at the fifth preset displacement, so as to form the artificial fracture in the stratum at the depth of the development area.
In the prior art, the formation energy is improved by taking carbon dioxide as an energizing medium, but the existing technology for integrating the lack of carbon dioxide energizing and improvement of the transformation effect for a tight oil horizontal well is difficult to fully exert the energizing and displacement effects of carbon dioxide through technical background research, and meanwhile, the problems of insufficient development and transformation, rapid yield decrease after pressing and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well joint, which is used for solving the problems that the lack of carbon dioxide energizing and improvement of transformation effect of a tight oil horizontal well are integrated, the energizing and displacement effects of carbon dioxide are difficult to fully play, the transformation is insufficient, and the yield is fast to decrease after pressing in development.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well joint, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1, logging a tight oil horizontal well, wherein the logging comprises the steps of obtaining the thickness, the porosity and the length of the horizontal well of an oil layer;
Step S2, performing energized fracturing on a construction section in the tight oil horizontal well, wherein the step comprises the steps of perforating the construction section, injecting carbon dioxide and low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, and injecting high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry propping agent into the crack to complete energized fracturing;
wherein the carbon dioxide injection amount is determined based on reservoir thickness, porosity, and horizontal well length;
step S3, determining a diffusion range by measuring electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding earth surface of the construction section in the energized fracturing process so as to determine a construction distance relative to the construction section, temporarily plugging the construction section, comprising,
Perforating the construction section, injecting a low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, injecting a high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry a propping agent into the crack, injecting a temporary plugging agent to plug the tail end of the crack, determining gradient diffusion characteristic difference values and diffusion ranges according to electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding surface of the construction section, calculating diffusion characterization parameters for temporary plugging fracturing, adjusting injection pressure when the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected again according to the diffusion characterization parameters, and injecting the high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry the propping agent into the branch crack after the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected into the branch crack to finish temporary plugging fracturing;
and S4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3 until each construction section covers the tight oil horizontal well.
Further, in the step S2, the injection amount of carbon dioxide is calculated according to the formula (1),
In equation (1), the carbon dioxide injection amount, the porosity, the injection volume empirical factor, the reservoir thickness, the control radius, the horizontal well length, the liquid carbon dioxide mass and the formation Wen Yaxia gaseous carbon dioxide conversion factor, and the length correlation factor are expressed.
Further, in the step S2, the length-related coefficient n is a variable parameter, where n is positively related to the horizontal well length.
Further, in the step S3, the diffusion range is determined according to the electromagnetic intensity variation conditions of the construction section in the energized fracturing process at different positions on the earth surface, including,
Determining the surface position point corresponding to the perforation point,
Determining the furthest position point of the electromagnetic intensity which can be measured and accords with the change condition as a diffusion point;
determining the distance between the ground position point and the diffusion point, and determining the distance as a diffusion range;
wherein the change condition includes that the change amplitude of the electromagnetic intensity is larger than a predetermined change amplitude threshold value.
Further, in the step S3, the construction distance is determined according to the diffusion range, wherein,
The construction distance is positively correlated with the diffusion range.
Further, in the step S3, gradient diffusion characteristic difference values are determined according to electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding surface of the construction section, including,
Determining the surface position point corresponding to the perforation point,
Determining a first measuring point at a first reference distance from the ground location point and a second measuring point at a second reference distance from the ground location point;
Determining the difference between the average electromagnetic intensity of the first measuring point and the average electromagnetic intensity of the second measuring point during the period of injecting the low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, and obtaining a gradient diffusion characteristic difference value;
The first measuring point, the second measuring point and the ground position point are in the same straight line, and the first reference distance is smaller than the second reference distance.
Further, in the step S3, the diffusion characterization parameter for temporary plugging fracturing is calculated according to the formula (2),
In the formula (2), the diffusion characterization parameter, the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value, the reference gradient diffusion characteristic difference value, the diffusion range, the reference diffusion range, the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value influence coefficient, and the diffusion range influence coefficient are shown.
Further, in the step S3, the injection pressure when the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected is adjusted according to the diffusion characterization parameter, wherein,
If the diffusion characterization parameter is greater than the reference diffusion characterization parameter threshold, reducing the injection pressure;
If the diffusion characterization parameter does not exceed the reference diffusion characterization parameter threshold, maintaining the injection pressure unchanged;
If the diffusion characterization parameter is smaller than the reference diffusion characterization parameter threshold, increasing the injection pressure.
Further, in the step S1, the well is washed with clean water until the inlet and outlet water quality of the tight oil horizontal well is consistent.
Further, the method also comprises a step S5, and after the construction is finished, the well is shut in for pressure diffusion.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the oil layer thickness, the porosity of the tight oil horizontal well and the length of the horizontal well are obtained by logging the tight oil horizontal well, the construction section of the tight oil horizontal well is subjected to alternate construction of energized fracturing and temporary plugging fracturing, so that the in-seam temporary plugging and energized alternation of the oil production effect after fracturing are improved, the injection amount of carbon dioxide is calculated in the energized fracturing section, the adaptability of the method is improved, the diffusion range is predicted before the temporary plugging fracturing section, the position of the temporary plugging fracturing construction section is determined, the fracturing efficiency is improved, after the temporary plugging agent is injected into the tail end of a crack in the temporary plugging fracturing construction, the diffusion characterization parameter for temporary plugging fracturing is calculated, the injection pressure of the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is adjusted, the stratum energy of the horizontal well is effectively improved, the control volume of the seam is increased, the reservoir crude oil is effectively used, and the recovery degree is improved.
In particular, the method and the device for fracturing the fracturing by increasing the energy by calculating the injection amount of the carbon dioxide, in the actual situation, the injection amount of the carbon dioxide needs to be determined when the carbon dioxide injection operation is carried out, the injection amount of the carbon dioxide can be influenced by various factors, the improper injection of the carbon dioxide can possibly cause the waste of the carbon dioxide and the reduction of the exploitation efficiency, and based on the problems, the method and the device for fracturing the fracturing by determining the injection amount of the carbon dioxide in combination with the actual situation can improve the accurate regulation and control of the injection amount of the carbon dioxide, improve the exploitation efficiency, and effectively improve the in-seam temporary plugging and energy increasing alternation of the oil production effect after the fracturing.
In particular, the construction distance of the construction section is determined by the diffusion range, in the actual situation, a plurality of micro cracks are generated in the enhanced fracturing section, if the diffusion range is not predicted, the selected position of the enhanced fracturing section is possibly too close or too far, the too close can interfere with the cracks of the enhanced fracturing, the too far can lead to partial areas not to be fractured, and the final yield is reduced in both cases.
In particular, the invention provides data support for subsequently adjusting the injection pressure of the low-viscosity fracturing fluid by determining the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value and the diffusion range to calculate the diffusion characterization parameter, in the practical situation, the injection pressure of the low-viscosity fracturing fluid may not be suitable when the branch fracture is opened, and the excessive injection pressure under the influence of multiple factors may cause the fracture to be excessively large and the fracture of the energized fracture to interfere due to different geological properties of different construction sections, and the too small injection pressure may cause the crack diffusion range to be small, and the two conditions may cause subsequent yield reduction.
In particular, the invention adopts a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in the tight oil horizontal well seam, in the actual situation, in the fracturing construction process, the energizing fracturing construction or the temporary plugging fracturing construction is usually only carried out, the operation is single, the cracking efficiency of the seam is low, and the exploitation efficiency is low, so that the final exploitation efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method steps of a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well seam according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of a determination that a furthest point of an embodiment of the invention is a diffusion point;
FIG. 3 is a logic diagram of determining injection pressure when injecting a low viscosity fracturing fluid according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fracture after completion of a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well fracture according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to examples for the purpose of making the objects and advantages of the invention more apparent, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are given by way of illustration only and are not intended to be limiting.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or communicating between the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well seam according to an embodiment of the invention, fig. 2 is a logic block diagram for determining that a farthest position point of the embodiment of the invention is a diffusion point, fig. 3 is a logic block diagram for determining injection pressure when a low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected according to the embodiment of the invention, and fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fracture after completion of the fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in the tight oil horizontal well seam according to the embodiment of the invention. The invention relates to a fracturing process with alternating temporary plugging and energizing in a tight oil horizontal well joint, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1, logging a tight oil horizontal well, wherein the logging comprises the steps of obtaining the thickness of an oil layer, the porosity of the tight oil horizontal well and the length of the horizontal well;
Step S2, performing energized fracturing on a construction section in the tight oil horizontal well, wherein the step comprises the steps of perforating the construction section, injecting carbon dioxide and low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, and injecting high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry propping agent into the crack to complete energized fracturing;
wherein the carbon dioxide injection amount is determined based on the reservoir thickness, the porosity of the tight oil horizontal well, and the horizontal well length;
step S3, determining a diffusion range by measuring electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding earth surface of the construction section in the energized fracturing process so as to determine a construction distance relative to the construction section, temporarily plugging the construction section, comprising,
Perforating the construction section, injecting a low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, injecting a high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry a propping agent into the crack, injecting a temporary plugging agent to plug the tail end of the crack, determining gradient diffusion characteristic difference values and diffusion ranges according to electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding surface of the construction section, calculating diffusion characterization parameters for temporary plugging fracturing, adjusting injection pressure when the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected again according to the diffusion characterization parameters, and injecting the high-viscosity fracturing fluid to carry the propping agent into the crack after the low-viscosity fracturing fluid injection is completed according to the injection pressure, so as to complete temporary plugging fracturing;
and S4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3 until each construction section covers the tight oil horizontal well.
Specifically, the process of performing fracturing is not particularly limited, and a person skilled in the art can set the fracturing well control device according to needs, for example, a scraping well string is set in a tight oil horizontal well before well flushing, and a fracturing well control device is configured;
after flushing, a fracturing string is put into the tight oil horizontal well, a fracturing wellhead is installed, and a fracturing manifold is connected, which is the prior art and is not repeated.
It will be appreciated that in order to ensure effective control of the downhole pressure and prevention of blow out, the well control device must be positioned between the wellhead and the drilling operation zone and no less than 15 meters from the wellhead.
The injection amount of carbon dioxide is calculated according to the formula (1),
In the formula (1), M represents the injection amount of carbon dioxide,Representing porosity, P v representing the injection volume empirical factor, A representing reservoir thickness, B representing control radius, H representing horizontal well length, S representing the liquid carbon dioxide mass versus formation Wen Yaxia gaseous carbon dioxide conversion factor, and n representing the length correlation factor.
In this embodiment, P v takes 0.3 and S takes 506;
In this embodiment, when the average porosity is 12.2%, the half thickness of the oil layer is 2.0M, the control radius is 250M, the horizontal well length is 300M, and the length correlation coefficient is 11, the injection amount of carbon dioxide in this section is m=12.2×0.3×pi×2×250×300/506/11=3100t.
Specifically, the length-related coefficient n is a variable parameter, n being positively correlated with the horizontal well length.
In an embodiment, the horizontal well length H is compared to a reference horizontal well length H0,
Alternatively, n=h/H0;
wherein H0 represents a reference construction length, and H0 is selected from [15m,20m ].
Specifically, the diffusion range is determined according to the electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the surface corresponding to the construction section in the energized fracturing process, comprising,
Determining the surface position point corresponding to the perforation point,
Determining the furthest position point of the electromagnetic intensity which can be measured and accords with the change condition as a diffusion point;
determining the distance between the ground position point and the diffusion point, and determining the distance as a diffusion range;
wherein the change condition includes that the change amplitude of the electromagnetic intensity is larger than a predetermined change amplitude threshold value.
It will be appreciated that the perforation point is in the subsurface, the surface location point is at the surface, the perforation point is in the same line as the surface location point, and the line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
It is understood that the electromagnetic strength of the above-ground corresponding position changes due to the fact that the fracturing fluid diffuses along with the fracture underground, and detailed description is omitted here.
Specifically, the predetermined variation amplitude threshold value P0 is obtained by presetting, wherein a variation intensity mean value Pe when electromagnetic intensities of different positions of the earth surface corresponding to a plurality of construction sections in the energized fracturing process are changed is obtained in advance, p0=pe×g is set, and g represents a variation coefficient, 0.75< g <0.85.
Specifically, the method for testing the electromagnetic intensity at different positions on the ground is not particularly limited, for example, a wide-area electromagnetic method monitoring technology can be adopted, and by supplying alternating current to a well bore on the ground, the fracturing fluid in the fracture is excited to generate an electromagnetic antenna effect, and the electromagnetic intensity is measured in real time by deploying a receiving system on the ground surface, however, other methods can be adopted, and the description is omitted.
Specifically, the construction distance is determined according to the diffusion range, wherein the construction distance is positively correlated with the diffusion range.
In an embodiment, the diffusion range F is compared with a predetermined diffusion range F0,
If F > F0, then set
If F is less than or equal to F0, setting v=v0;
wherein F0 represents a predetermined diffusion range, F0 is selected within [5m,10m ], V0 represents a reference construction distance, V0 is selected within the interval [10m,15m ], and V represents a construction distance.
Specifically, the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value is determined according to the electromagnetic intensity change conditions of different positions of the corresponding earth surface of the construction section, comprising,
Determining the surface position point corresponding to the perforation point,
Determining a first measuring point at a first reference distance from the ground location point and a second measuring point at a second reference distance from the ground location point;
Determining the difference between the average electromagnetic intensity of the first measuring point and the average electromagnetic intensity of the second measuring point during the period of injecting the low-viscosity fracturing fluid to form a crack, and obtaining a gradient diffusion characteristic difference value;
The first measuring point, the second measuring point and the ground position point are in the same straight line, and the first reference distance is smaller than the second reference distance.
It is understood that the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value is always a positive number.
The first reference distance is selected within the interval [1m,5m ] and the second reference distance is selected within the interval (5 m,10 m).
Specifically, the diffusion characterization parameters for temporary plugging fracturing are calculated according to the formula (2),
In the formula (2), X represents a diffusion characterization parameter, Y represents a gradient diffusion characteristic difference value, Y 0 represents a reference gradient diffusion characteristic difference value, Z represents a diffusion range, Z 0 represents a reference diffusion range, α represents a gradient diffusion characteristic difference value influence coefficient, and β represents a diffusion range influence coefficient.
The reference gradient diffusion characteristic difference value is obtained through pre-calculation, wherein the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value in the temporary plugging fracturing process can be recorded in advance for a plurality of times, the average gradient diffusion characteristic difference value delta D is solved, d0=gx delta D is set, g is the gradient diffusion characteristic difference value precision coefficient, and g is 1.02< 1.12.
The reference diffusion range is obtained by pre-calculation, wherein the diffusion range in the temporary plugging fracturing process can be recorded in advance for a plurality of times, the average diffusion range delta R is solved, R0=pxDeltaN and p is set as the precision coefficient of the diffusion range, and 1.15< h <1.2.
In this example, α is 0.52 and β is 0.48.
Specifically, the injection pressure when the low-viscosity fracturing fluid is injected is adjusted according to the diffusion characterization parameters, wherein,
If the diffusion characterizing parameter is greater than the reference diffusion characterizing parameter threshold, reducing the injection pressure, optionally by an amount of 0.1 to 0.3 times the initial injection pressure;
If the diffusion characterization parameter does not exceed the reference diffusion characterization parameter threshold, maintaining the injection pressure unchanged;
If the diffusion characterizing parameter is smaller than the reference diffusion characterizing parameter threshold, the injection pressure is increased, optionally by a factor of 0.1 to 0.3 times the initial injection pressure.
Specifically, X0 represents a reference diffusion characterization parameter, and X0 is [0.95,1.25].
In particular, the method comprises the steps of, washing the well with clean water the water quality of the inlet and the outlet is consistent.
It will be appreciated that consistent import and export water quality is one of the important criteria for ensuring well flushing, and that all relevant data, including well flushing time, flow rates, water quality parameters, etc., need to be recorded in detail throughout the well flushing process for later analysis and reference.
Specifically, the method further comprises step S5, and after all the construction is finished, the well is shut in for pressure diffusion.
Specifically, the well is closed after the well is closed, the well is opened after the pressure is diffused, a fracturing tubular column in the well is pulled out, and the production is carried out by pumping down, which is a necessary step and is not repeated.
In this embodiment, the well-closing time is determined to be not more than 20 days, which will not be described in detail.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN112302612A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-02 | 长江大学 | Functional slickwater temporary blocking and steering volume fracturing method for synchronously implanting oil displacement agent |
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| CN115992683B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-07-04 | 北京石油化工学院 | Synergistic fracturing method, device and storage medium for formation fluid injection energy enhancement and temporary plugging diversion |
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| CN105275446A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A volume fracturing modification method |
| CN109630086A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-04-16 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of energization refracturing process for old well |
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