CN119422196A - Reflective display device and driving method - Google Patents
Reflective display device and driving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119422196A CN119422196A CN202480001343.1A CN202480001343A CN119422196A CN 119422196 A CN119422196 A CN 119422196A CN 202480001343 A CN202480001343 A CN 202480001343A CN 119422196 A CN119422196 A CN 119422196A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种反射式显示装置以及驱动方法，反射式显示装置包括相互层叠设置的多个反射式显示面板，每个反射式显示面板均具有数据线路；数据驱动芯片和数据信号分配器，数据驱动芯片与数据信号分配器电性连接并用于向数据信号分配器输入数据驱动信号，多个反射式显示面板上的数据线路均与同一个数据信号分配器电性连接，数据信号分配器用于将数据驱动信号分配给对应反射式显示面板上的数据线路。通过将多个反射式显示面板共用一个数据信号分配器，数据信号分配器可以将数据驱动芯片输入数据驱动信号分配给对应反射式显示面板上的数据线路，从而使得多个反射式显示面板可以共用数据驱动芯片，以减少数据驱动芯片的数量，降低制作成本。
The present invention discloses a reflective display device and a driving method. The reflective display device includes a plurality of reflective display panels stacked on each other, each reflective display panel having a data circuit; a data driver chip and a data signal distributor, the data driver chip is electrically connected to the data signal distributor and is used to input a data driver signal to the data signal distributor, the data circuits on the plurality of reflective display panels are electrically connected to the same data signal distributor, and the data signal distributor is used to distribute the data driver signal to the data circuits on the corresponding reflective display panels. By sharing a data signal distributor for the plurality of reflective display panels, the data signal distributor can distribute the data driver signal input by the data driver chip to the data circuits on the corresponding reflective display panels, so that the plurality of reflective display panels can share the data driver chip, thereby reducing the number of data driver chips and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of displays, and in particular, to a reflective display device and a driving method thereof.
Background
The display panel has the advantages of light weight, durability, energy conservation, environmental protection, low power consumption and the like, but needs to be matched with a backlight source, so that the module is thick and the cost is high. The electronic paper display (reflective display) is a display meeting the needs of the public, and the electronic paper display can display images by using an external light source, unlike a liquid crystal display which needs a backlight, so that information on the electronic paper can still be clearly seen in an environment with strong outdoor sunlight without a problem of visual angle, and the electronic paper display has been widely applied to electronic readers (such as electronic books and electronic newspapers) or other electronic components (such as price tags) because of the advantages of power saving, high reflectivity, contrast ratio and the like.
Existing electronic paper displays typically employ E-Ink microcapsule technology (microcapsule electronic Ink technology), siPix microcup technology (microcup electrophoretic display technology), bridgestone electronic liquid powder technology, cholesteric liquid crystal display (Cholesteric Liquid CRYSTAL DISPLAY, CLCD) technology, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) technology, or electrowetting (electrowetting) technology. However, the existing electronic paper display technology is not mature relatively to the liquid crystal display technology, the mass production efficiency is low, the manufacturing cost is relatively high, and the existing electronic paper display cannot realize color display.
Technical problem
In the prior art, a cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display is adopted, because of the requirement of the pitch of cholesteric liquid crystals, cholesteric liquid crystals with one pitch can reflect only one color and transmit light rays with other colors, if full-color reflective display is required, a three-layer liquid crystal box structure is required, and full-color reflective display is realized through the color mixing principle of the three-layer liquid crystal box. Since the three liquid crystal boxes need to control different reflection states respectively, the packaging forms of the existing liquid crystal boxes are COG (Chip On Glass) and COF (Chip On Flex or Chip On Film, etc., so that three scanning driving chips and three data driving chips are needed for control, which is unfavorable for miniaturization of products and higher in manufacturing cost, wherein the gray scale signals On each liquid crystal box are different due to the need of displaying different color pictures, and therefore, how to reduce the number of the data driving chips is a great problem in the field.
Technical solution in order to overcome the drawbacks and disadvantages of the prior art, the present invention is directed to a reflective display device and a driving method thereof, so as to solve the problems of more driving chips and higher cost of the reflective display device in the prior art. The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a reflective display device, comprising:
a plurality of reflective display panels stacked one above the other, each of the reflective display panels having a data line;
The data driving chip is electrically connected with the data signal distributor and is used for inputting data driving signals to the data signal distributor, the data lines on the reflective display panels are electrically connected with the same data signal distributor, and the data signal distributor is used for distributing the data driving signals to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panels.
Further, one of the reflective display panels farthest from the outside environment is a cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panel or an electrophoretic reflective display panel, and the rest of the reflective display panels are cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels.
Further, the number of the reflective display panels is three, the reflective display panels are sequentially a first reflective display panel, a second reflective display panel and a third reflective display panel in the direction facing the external environment, the first reflective display panel, the second reflective display panel and the third reflective display panel respectively reflect first color light, second color light and third color light in the reflective state, and the first color light, the second color light and the third color light are respectively one of red color light, blue color light and green color light.
Further, the reflective display device includes a data signal circuit board, one end of the data signal circuit board is electrically connected with the data signal distributor, and the other end of the data signal circuit board is electrically connected with the data circuit on the reflective display panel.
Further, the data signal circuit board is provided with a plurality of data signal branch circuit boards, and the data signal branch circuit boards are electrically connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
or, the number of the data signal circuit boards is multiple, and the data signal circuit boards are electrically connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence.
Further, each of the reflective display panels has a scan line, and the reflective display device includes:
the scanning driving chip is electrically connected with the scanning signal distributor and used for inputting scanning driving signals to the scanning signal distributor, the scanning lines on the reflection type display panels are electrically connected with the same scanning signal distributor, and the scanning signal distributor is used for distributing the scanning driving signals to the scanning lines on the corresponding reflection type display panels.
Further, the reflective display device includes a scan signal circuit board, one end of the scan signal circuit board is electrically connected to the scan signal distributor, and the other end of the scan signal circuit board is electrically connected to the scan circuit on the reflective display panel.
Further, the scanning signal circuit board is provided with a plurality of scanning signal branch circuit boards, and the scanning signal branch circuit boards are connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner;
or the number of the scanning signal circuit boards is multiple, and the scanning signal circuit boards are electrically connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence.
Further, each of the reflective display panels has a scan line, and the reflective display device includes:
the scanning driving chips are electrically connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and are used for directly inputting the scanning driving signals to the scanning lines corresponding to the reflective display panels.
Further, the reflective display device further includes a color correction circuit electrically connected to the data signal distributor and configured to adjust a color output of each of the reflective display panels.
The present application also provides a driving method of a reflective display device for driving the reflective display device as described above, the driving method comprising:
The data driving chip inputs a data driving signal to the data signal distributor;
and controlling the data signal distributor to distribute the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel.
Further, the driving method includes controlling the data signal distributor to simultaneously distribute the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on the respective reflective display panels;
Or controlling the data signal distributor to distribute the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel in sequence.
Further, each of the reflective display panels has a scan line, the reflective display device includes a scan driving chip and a scan signal distributor, the scan driving chip is electrically connected with the scan signal distributor and is used for inputting a scan driving signal to the scan signal distributor, the scan lines on the reflective display panels are electrically connected with the same scan signal distributor, and the scan signal distributor is used for distributing the scan driving signal to the scan lines on the reflective display panels;
The driving method includes:
And when the data signal distributor is controlled to distribute the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel, the scanning signal distributor is simultaneously controlled to distribute the corresponding scanning driving signals to the scanning lines on the reflective display panel distributed with the data driving signals.
Further, each of the reflective display panels is provided with a scanning line, the reflective display device comprises a plurality of scanning driving chips, the scanning driving chips are electrically connected with the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the scanning driving chips are used for inputting the scanning driving signals to the scanning lines on the corresponding reflective display panels;
The driving method includes:
When the data signal distributor is controlled to distribute the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel, the corresponding scanning driving chips are simultaneously controlled to input the corresponding scanning driving signals to the scanning lines on the reflective display panel distributed with the data driving signals.
Further, the reflective display device further includes a color correction circuit electrically connected to the data signal distributor and configured to adjust a color output of each of the reflective display panels;
The driving method includes:
Mapping the data driving signals into a color space of the reflective display device for compression or expansion based on the color response range of each reflective display panel, adjusting parameters of a mapping algorithm based on a transition relation among different colors, and performing first difference adjustment on the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel through a color interpolation mode or a curve fitting mode;
Calling a correction curve or a lookup table based on the color response characteristics and the color space standard of each reflective display panel, and performing second difference adjustment by dynamically adjusting the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel;
Acquiring an ambient light level, monitoring color output brightness and color saturation of each reflective display panel, monitoring color brightness change rate and color protection change rate of a color transition area, adjusting the data driving signals exceeding a preset change rate threshold, and performing third difference adjustment on the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel based on display mode standard parameters of the reflective display device;
And determining a color transition region of the data driving signal, carrying out weighted correction on color gradient differences of the color transition region according to color transition requirements of different color display regions, and carrying out smooth adjustment on color transition paths in a color space so as to carry out fourth difference adjustment on the data driving signal corresponding to each reflective display panel.
Advantageous effects
The data signal distributor can distribute the data driving signals input by the data driving chips to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panels by sharing one data signal distributor with the plurality of reflective display panels, so that the plurality of reflective display panels can share the data driving chips, the number of the data driving chips is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a data driving signal on a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a scan driving signal on a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal distributor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display device in an initial state according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a first array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a second array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a third array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of three states of cholesteric liquid crystal in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of driving signals for three state transitions of cholesteric liquid crystal in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a red frame.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a green frame.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a blue image.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a white state according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a black state according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic plan view of a reflective display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 17 is a schematic circuit diagram of a scan driving signal on a reflective display device according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device in a white state according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a black state according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention
In order to further describe the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the preset purpose, the following detailed description refers to the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects of the reflective display device and driving method according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, wherein:
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a data driving signal on a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a scan driving signal on a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a reflective display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of reflective display panels stacked on each other, each of the reflective display panels having a data line. The data lines include a plurality of data lines (the first data line 102, the second data line 202, and the third data line 302 in fig. 6 to 8) on each reflective display panel, through which data driving signals are applied to the reflective display panels.
The data driving chip 41 and the data signal distributor 42, the data driving chip 41 is electrically connected with the data signal distributor 42 and is used for inputting a data driving signal (for example, a gray signal) to the data signal distributor 42. The number of the data driving chips 41 and the number of the data signal distributors 42 are one, and the data lines on the reflective display panels are electrically connected with the same data signal distributor 42, and the data signal distributor 42 is used for distributing the data driving signals to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panels. By sharing one data signal distributor 42 with a plurality of reflective display panels, the data signal distributor 42 can distribute the data driving signals input by the data driving chips 41 to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panels, so that the plurality of reflective display panels can share the data driving chips 41, thereby reducing the number of the data driving chips and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Further, one of the reflective display panels farthest from the external environment is a cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panel or an electrophoretic reflective display panel, and the other reflective display panels are cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels. In this embodiment, all the reflective display panels are cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display device in an initial state according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 5, the number of the reflective display panels is three, the three reflective display panels are sequentially a first reflective display panel 10, a second reflective display panel 20 and a third reflective display panel 30 in a direction facing the external environment, that is, the third reflective display panel 30 is closest to the external environment, the first reflective display panel 10 is farthest from the external environment, the second reflective display panel 20 is located between the first reflective display panel 10 and the third reflective display panel 30, and the ambient light of the external environment is sequentially injected into the third reflective display panel 30, the second reflective display panel 20 and the first reflective display panel 10. The first reflective display panel 10, the second reflective display panel 20, and the third reflective display panel 30 respectively reflect the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light in the reflective state, wherein the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light are respectively different colors of light, and the first color light, the second color light, and the third color light are respectively one of red light, blue light, and green light, so as to realize full color image display according to the principle of three primary colors of light color mixing. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of reflective display panels may be two, but the color gamut of the color image is low, so that full-color image display cannot be realized, or one of the reflective display panels may reflect two colors of light when in a reflective state, so that full-color image display is realized, but the manufacturing process of the reflective display panel that reflects two colors of light is difficult and has high cost.
In this embodiment, the first reflective display panel 10, the second reflective display panel 20 and the third reflective display panel 30 are all cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels. Optionally, a light absorbing layer may be disposed on a side of the reflective display device away from the external environment, for example, a light absorbing layer may be disposed on a side of the first reflective display panel 10 away from the external environment, so that light passing through the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 may be absorbed, so that the reflective display device is darker in a black state to improve contrast ratio.
The first reflective display panel 10 includes a first counter substrate 11, a first array substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first counter substrate 11, and a first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 between the first counter substrate 11 and the first array substrate 12, the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 being for reflecting a first color light in a reflective state. The second reflective display panel 20 includes a second counter substrate 21, a second array substrate 22 disposed opposite to the second counter substrate 21, and a second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 between the second counter substrate 21 and the second array substrate 22, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 being configured to reflect a second color light in a reflective state. The third reflective display panel 30 includes a third counter substrate 31, a third array substrate 32 disposed opposite the third counter substrate 31, and a third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 between the third counter substrate 31 and the third array substrate 32, the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 being configured to reflect a third color light in a reflective state. The first array substrate 12, the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13, the first counter substrate 11, the second array substrate 22, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23, the second counter substrate 21, the third array substrate 32, the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33, and the third counter substrate 31 are sequentially arranged in the direction facing the outside environment.
The first array substrate 12 is provided with a first pixel electrode 121, the first counter substrate 11 is provided with a first common electrode 111 matched with the first pixel electrode 121, and the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled to switch between a reflective state and a light-transmitting state through the first pixel electrode 121 and the first common electrode 111. The second array substrate 22 is provided with a second pixel electrode 221, the second counter substrate 21 is provided with a second common electrode 211 matched with the second pixel electrode 221, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 is controlled to switch between a reflective state and a light-transmitting state through the second pixel electrode 221 and the second common electrode 211. The third array substrate 32 is provided with a third pixel electrode 321, the third opposite substrate 31 is provided with a third common electrode 311 matched with the third pixel electrode 321, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 is controlled to switch between a reflective state and a light-transmitting state through the third pixel electrode 321 and the third common electrode 311. The first common electrode 111, the second common electrode 211, and the third common electrode 311 are all planar electrodes with a whole surface.
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a first array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 6, the first array substrate 12 is provided with a plurality of first scan lines 101 and a plurality of first data lines 102, the plurality of first scan lines 101 and the plurality of first data lines 102 are mutually insulated and crossed to define a plurality of first pixel units P1, the first array substrate 12 is provided with a first thin film transistor 103 and a first pixel electrode 121 in each first pixel unit P1, and the first pixel electrode 121 is electrically connected with the first scan lines 101 and the first data lines 102 adjacent to the first thin film transistor 103 through the first thin film transistor 103. The first thin film transistor 103 includes a first gate electrode, a first active layer, a first drain electrode, and a first source electrode, where the first gate electrode and the first scan line 101 are located on the same layer and electrically connected, the first gate electrode and the first active layer are isolated by an insulating layer, the first source electrode is electrically connected to the first data line 102, and the first drain electrode and the first pixel electrode 121 are electrically connected by a contact hole.
Fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a second array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 7, the second array substrate 22 is provided with a plurality of second scan lines 201 and a plurality of second data lines 202, the plurality of second scan lines 201 and the plurality of second data lines 202 are mutually insulated and crossed to define a plurality of second pixel units P2, the second array substrate 22 is provided with a second thin film transistor 203 and a second pixel electrode 221 in each second pixel unit P2, and the second pixel electrode 221 is electrically connected with the second scan lines 201 and the second data lines 202 adjacent to the second thin film transistor 203 through the second thin film transistor 203. The second thin film transistor 203 includes a second gate electrode, a second active layer, a second drain electrode, and a second source electrode, where the second gate electrode is located on the same layer as the second scan line 201 and is electrically connected to the second scan line, the second gate electrode is isolated from the second active layer by an insulating layer, the second source electrode is electrically connected to the second data line 202, and the second drain electrode is electrically connected to the second pixel electrode 221 by a contact hole.
Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a third array substrate according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 8, a plurality of third scan lines 301 and a plurality of third data lines 302 are disposed on the third array substrate 32, the plurality of third scan lines 301 and the plurality of third data lines 302 are mutually insulated and crossed to define a plurality of third pixel units P3, the third array substrate 32 is provided with a third thin film transistor 303 and a third pixel electrode 321 in each third pixel unit P3, and the third pixel electrode 321 is electrically connected to the third scan lines 301 and the third data lines 302 adjacent to the third thin film transistor 303 through the third thin film transistor 303. The third thin film transistor 303 includes a third gate electrode, a third active layer, a third drain electrode, and a third source electrode, where the third gate electrode and the third scan line 301 are located on the same layer and electrically connected, the third gate electrode and the third active layer are separated by an insulating layer, the third source electrode is electrically connected to the third data line 302, and the third drain electrode and the third pixel electrode 321 are electrically connected by a contact hole.
The projections of the first pixel unit P1, the second pixel unit P2, and the third pixel unit P3 on the third array substrate 32 are aligned with each other. Therefore, three colors of light can be reflected in one sub-pixel (pixel unit), namely, one sub-pixel correspondingly forms one pixel, so that the resolution of the reflective display panel is increased.
The first counter substrate 11, the first array substrate 12, the second counter substrate 21, the second array substrate 22, the third counter substrate 31, and the third array substrate 32 may be made of glass, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like. The materials of the first common electrode 111, the first pixel electrode 121, the second common electrode 211, the second pixel electrode 221, the third common electrode 311, and the third pixel electrode 321 may be Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO), or the like.
In this embodiment, the first color light is red light, the second color light is green light, and the third color light is blue light, that is, the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 is used to reflect red light in the reflective state, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 is used to reflect green light in the reflective state, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 is used to reflect blue light in the reflective state. Of course, in other embodiments, the first color light may be red light, the second color light may be blue light, and the third color light may be green light, or the first color light may be blue light, the second color light may be red light, and the third color light may be green light, or the first color light may be blue light, the second color light may be green light, and the third color light may be red light, or the first color light may be green light, the second color light may be blue light, and the third color light may be red light, or the first color light may be green light, the second color light may be red light, and the third color light may be blue light.
The cholesteric liquid crystal in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer (first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13, second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23, third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33) has three stable textures of P-state (Planar, planar texture state, reflective state), FC-state (Focal Conic, focal conic state, fog state) and H-state (transparent state), wherein the FC-state (Focal Conic, focal conic state, fog state) and H-state (transparent state) are all light-transmitting states. The reflection spectrum of the cholesteric liquid crystal is in a visible spectrum section in the P state, the cholesteric liquid crystal reflects bright color light, the specific reflected color of the bright color light can be set according to the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal does not reflect the color light any more in the FC state, the light can be scattered and transmitted through the cholesteric liquid crystal, the cholesteric liquid crystal does not reflect the color light any more in the H state, and the light can be directly transmitted through the cholesteric liquid crystal, and the light does not have a scattering effect. Under the action of a certain electric field, the three states can be mutually converted, wherein the P state (Planar, plane texture state, reflecting state) and the FC state (Focal Conic, focal conic state, fog state) are stable textures, and neither of the P state, the plane texture and the FC state needs voltage to be maintained, and the H state (transparent state) needs voltage to be maintained.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of three states of cholesteric liquid crystal in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of driving signals for three state transitions of cholesteric liquid crystal in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 9 and 10, a common voltage signal Vcom is applied to the common electrode (the first common electrode 111, the second common electrode 211, the third common electrode 311), a first electric signal V1 is continuously applied to the pixel electrode (the first pixel electrode 121, the second pixel electrode 221, the third pixel electrode 321), a voltage difference (for example, 16V) is formed between the common voltage signal Vcom and the first electric signal V1, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, the cholesteric liquid crystal in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 rotates and stagnates in an H state (transparent state), a common voltage signal Vcom is applied to the common electrode, a second electric signal V2 is applied to the pixel electrode, a voltage difference (for example, 16V) is formed between the second electric signal V2 and the common voltage signal Vcom, and the second electric signal V2 gradually changes to be the same as the common voltage signal Vcom in a first preset time, that is, the second electric signal V2 is first a large voltage difference as the common voltage signal, and then slowly decreases and is the same as the common voltage signal Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and then the vertical electric field slowly disappears, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 rotates and stagnates in the FC state, which is a scattering state and has an astigmatic effect, the common voltage signal Vcom is applied to the common electrode, the third electric signal V3 is applied to the pixel electrode, a voltage difference (for example, 16V) is provided between the third electric signal V3 and the common voltage signal Vcom, and the third electric signal V3 directly becomes the same as the common voltage signal Vcom at a second preset time, which is less than the first preset time, that is, the third electric signal V3 has a larger voltage difference with the common voltage signal Vcom first, and then rapidly decreases and is the same as the common voltage signal Vcom. Therefore, a strong vertical electric field is formed between the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and then the vertical electric field rapidly disappears, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal in the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 rotates and stagnates in the P-state, and is in the reflective state. Wherein, the arrangement directions of the cholesteric liquid crystals are different, the reflected visible light spectrums are different, and the residual spectrums are transmitted. The reflection spectrum band (delta lambda) of the cholesteric liquid crystal is in direct proportion to the screw moment (Po) and the double refractive index (delta n=ne-no) of the cholesteric liquid crystal, and the formula is delta lambda=Po delta n, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal with different screw pitches can reflect light rays with different colors in a reflection state. The P-state and the FC-state do not require voltages to maintain.
As shown in fig. 1, the reflective display device includes a data signal circuit board 43, one end of the data signal circuit board 43 is electrically connected to the data signal distributor 42, and the other end is electrically connected to the data circuit on the reflective display panel. The data signal wiring board 43 may be a flexible wiring board (FPC, flexible Printed Circuit Board), and the data signal splitter 42 transmits the data driving signal to the data line on the reflective display panel through the data signal wiring board 43. For example, each edge of the reflective display panel is provided with a binding area, the data line extends from the display area to the binding area, and the data signal circuit board 43 is bound with the binding area of the edge of the reflective display panel, so as to be electrically connected with the data line.
Further, the data signal circuit board 43 is provided with a plurality of data signal branch circuit boards, and the data signal branch circuit boards are electrically connected with the reflective display panel in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the number of the data signal circuit boards 43 is the same as that of the data signal distributors 42, and the data signal circuit boards 43 can be reduced by only binding once, so that the number and binding times of the data signal circuit boards 43 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 6 to 8, the number of the data signal branch circuit boards is three, namely, a first data signal branch circuit board 431, a second data signal branch circuit board 432 and a third data signal branch circuit board 433, wherein one end of the first data signal branch circuit board 431 away from the data signal distributor 42 is further bound (electrically connected) with a data line (a first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, one end of the second data signal branch circuit board 432 away from the data signal distributor 42 is further bound with a data line (a second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, and one end of the third data signal branch circuit board 433 away from the data signal distributor 42 is further bound with a data line (a third data line 302) on the third reflective display panel 30. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the data signal circuit boards 43 may be plural, and the data signal circuit boards 43 are electrically connected to the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, i.e. each reflective display panel is separately provided with one data signal circuit board 43 for signal transmission with the data signal splitter 42, but the binding frequency between the data signal circuit boards 43 and the data signal splitter 42 increases.
In this embodiment, each reflective display panel has a scan line, the scan line includes a plurality of scan lines (the first scan line 101, the second scan line 201, and the third scan line 301 in fig. 6-8) on each reflective display panel, and a scan driving signal is applied to the reflective display panel through the scan line, so that the thin film transistors (the first thin film transistor 103, the second thin film transistor 203, and the third thin film transistor 303 in fig. 6-8) on the corresponding reflective display panel are turned on, so that the scan lines can apply the scan driving signal to the pixel electrodes (the first pixel electrode 121, the second pixel electrode 221, and the third pixel electrode 321) on the corresponding reflective display panel.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the reflective display device further includes a scan driving chip 51 and a scan signal distributor 52, wherein the scan driving chip 51 is electrically connected with the scan signal distributor 52 and is used for inputting scan driving signals to the scan signal distributor 52, the scan lines on the reflective display panels are electrically connected with the same scan signal distributor 52, and the scan signal distributor 52 is used for distributing the scan driving signals to the scan lines on the corresponding reflective display panels. By sharing one scan signal distributor 52 with a plurality of reflective display panels, the scan signal distributor 52 can distribute the scan driving signals inputted by the scan driving chips 51 to the scan lines on the corresponding reflective display panels, so that the plurality of reflective display panels can share the scan driving chips 51, thereby reducing the number of the scan driving chips and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Further, the reflective display device includes a scan signal circuit board 53, one end of the scan signal circuit board 53 is electrically connected to the scan signal distributor 52, and the other end is electrically connected to the scan circuit on the reflective display panel. The scan signal wiring board 53 may be a flexible wiring board (FPC, flexible Printed Circuit Board), and the scan signal distributor 52 transmits a scan driving signal to a scan wiring on the reflective display panel through the scan signal wiring board 53. For example, each reflective display panel has a bonding area at an edge thereof, and the scan lines extend from the display area to the bonding area, and the scan signal line board 53 is bonded to the bonding area at the edge of the reflective display panel, thereby electrically connecting with the scan lines.
The scanning signal circuit board 53 is provided with a plurality of scanning signal branch circuit boards, and the scanning signal branch circuit boards are connected with the reflective display panel in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the number of the scanning signal circuit boards 53 is the same as that of the scanning signal distributors 52, and the scanning signal circuit boards 53 can be reduced in number and binding times only by binding once, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 6-8, the number of the scan signal branch circuit boards is three, namely, a first scan signal branch circuit board 531, a second scan signal branch circuit board 532 and a third scan signal branch circuit board 533, wherein one end of the first scan signal branch circuit board 531 away from the scan signal distributor 52 is further bound (electrically connected) to the scan circuit (the first scan line 101) on the first reflective display panel 10, one end of the second scan signal branch circuit board 532 away from the scan signal distributor 52 is further bound to the scan circuit (the second scan line 201) on the second reflective display panel 20, and one end of the third scan signal branch circuit board 533 away from the scan signal distributor 52 is further bound to the scan circuit (the third scan line 301) on the third reflective display panel 30. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of the scan signal circuit boards 53 may be plural, and the scan signal circuit boards 53 are electrically connected to the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence manner, i.e. each reflective display panel is separately provided with one scan signal circuit board 53 for signal transmission with the scan signal distributor 52, but the binding frequency between the scan signal circuit boards 53 and the scan signal distributor 52 is increased.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal distributor according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the signal distributor may distribute the driving signals input from the driving chip to the corresponding reflective display panel according to the control signals (distribution instructions) applied from the driving chip or the central processing unit. The signal distributor is a logic circuit which sends the signal from one signal source to a plurality of different channels according to the need and realizes the signal distribution function. The function of the circuit is equivalent to a single-pole multi-throw switch with a plurality of outputs, and the circuit capable of transmitting 1 input signal to any one of m output ends according to the requirement is called a signal distributor, also called a demultiplexer, and the logic function of the circuit is exactly opposite to that of a signal selector. For example, the data signal distributor 42 may distribute the data driving signals inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panel according to the driving chip (the data driving chip 41) or the control signals applied from the central processor. The data driving signals inputted from the data driving chip 41 are Va/Vb/Vc, and Va, vb, vc correspond to the data driving signals of the first reflective display panel 10, the second reflective display panel 20, and the third reflective display panel 30, respectively. The data signal distributor 42 may distribute the data driving signal Va inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, the data driving signal Vb inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, and the data driving signal Vc inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the third data line 302) on the third reflective display panel 30 according to the control signal applied from the driving chip (the data driving chip 41) or the central processor. Since the scan driving signal applied from the scan driving chip 51 is used to control the switching states of the thin film transistors (the first thin film transistor 103, the second thin film transistor 203, and the third thin film transistor 303 in fig. 6 to 8) on the reflective display panel, the scan driving signal of each reflective display panel is identical, the scan driving chip 51 only needs to input one scan driving signal to the scan signal distributor 52, and then the scan signal distributor 52 distributes one scan driving signal input from the scan driving chip 51 to the scan line on the corresponding reflective display panel according to the control signal applied from the driving chip (the scan driving chip 51) or the central processor.
The following description will be made with the cholesteric liquid crystal layers (the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33) in the initial state being the reflective state, the transmissive state being the FC state (Focal Conic, focal conic state, fog state), and the transmissive state being the FC state, which can save power consumption in the static reflective display. Of course, in other embodiments, the cholesteric liquid crystal layers (the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33) may all be in a light-transmissive state (e.g., FC state (Focal Conic, focal conic state, fog state)) in the initial state. Or the light transmission state can be an H state (transparent state), and only the power consumption is higher.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a red frame. As shown in fig. 11, when a red screen is displayed, the first, second and third common electrodes 111, 211 and 311 each apply a 0V common voltage, and the second and third pixel electrodes 221 and 321 each apply a gray-scale voltage and then gradually decrease the voltage to 0, controlling the second and third cholesteric liquid crystal layers 23 and 33 to be in a light-transmitting state. No voltage is applied to the first pixel electrode 121, and the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect the first color light, i.e., red light. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signal of the light transmitting state to the second and third reflective display panels 20 and 30 and distributes the data driving signal of the reflective state to the first reflective display panel 10 according to the control signal applied from the driving chip or the central processor.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a green frame. As shown in fig. 12, when a green screen is displayed, the first, second and third common electrodes 111, 211 and 311 each apply a 0V common voltage, and the first and third pixel electrodes 121 and 321 each apply a gray-scale voltage and then gradually decrease the voltage to 0, controlling the first and third cholesteric liquid crystal layers 13 and 33 to be in a light-transmitting state. No voltage is applied to the second pixel electrode 221, and the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect light of a second color, i.e., reflect green light. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signal of the light transmitting state to the first and third reflective display panels 10 and 30 and distributes the data driving signal of the reflective state to the second reflective display panel 20 according to the control signal applied from the driving chip or the central processor.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device according to an embodiment of the invention when displaying a blue image. As shown in fig. 13, when a blue screen is displayed, the first, second and third common electrodes 111, 211 and 311 each apply a 0V common voltage, and the first and second pixel electrodes 121 and 221 each apply a gray-scale voltage and then gradually decrease the voltage to 0, controlling the first and second cholesteric liquid crystal layers 13 and 23 to be in a light-transmitting state. No voltage is applied to the third pixel electrode 321, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect light of a third color, that is, blue light. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signals of the light transmitting state to the first and second reflective display panels 10 and 20 and distributes the data driving signals of the reflective state to the third reflective display panel 30 according to the control signals applied from the driving chip or the central processor.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a white state according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 14, when a white screen is displayed, the first, second and third common electrodes 111, 211 and 311 are applied with a common voltage of 0V, and none of the first, second and third pixel electrodes 121, 221 and 321 is applied with a voltage, the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect first color light, i.e., red light, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect second color light, i.e., green light, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 is controlled to be in a reflective state and reflect third color light, i.e., blue light, so that the reflective display device presents a white screen. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signals in the reflective state to the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 according to the control signals applied from the driving chip or the central processing unit.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a black state according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 15, when a black screen is displayed, the first, second and third common electrodes 111, 211 and 311 apply a 0V common voltage, the first, second and third pixel electrodes 121, 221 and 321 apply a gray-scale voltage, and then the voltage is slowly reduced to 0, and the first, second and third cholesteric liquid crystal layers 13, 23 and 33 are controlled to be in a light-transmitting state, and ambient light sequentially passes through the third, second and first reflective display panels 30, 20 and 10, so that the reflective display device presents a black screen. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signals of the light transmitting state to the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 according to the control signals applied from the driving chip or the central processing unit.
When a color screen is to be realized, only the gray scale voltages (0-255 gray scales) applied to the first pixel electrode 121, the second pixel electrode 221 and the third pixel electrode 321 need to be controlled to control the amounts of light reflected by the first cholesteric liquid crystal layer 13, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33, and full color screen display is realized according to the principle of three primary colors of light. In another embodiment, the reflective display device further includes a color correction circuit electrically connected to the data signal distributor 42 and used for adjusting the color output of each reflective display panel. Since the plurality of reflective display panels all use the same data driving chip 41 and data signal distributor 42, the data driving signals actually transmitted to the reflective display panels are inevitably deviated, which results in distortion of the picture.
Alternatively, some correction elements or circuits may be integrated as color correction circuits in the hardware design of the driver chip or the reflective display device, and the color effect may be optimized. In one embodiment, a color compensation circuit may be used to add compensation voltages to the drive signals to adjust the color output. In another embodiment, the signal transmission rate may be optimized in the driving circuit of the reflective display device to ensure uniformity of response time during color transition, thereby achieving a smooth and continuous color transition effect. The correction technology of the color correction circuit can realize color balance at the early stage of the generation of the driving signal, and reduce the subsequent color processing requirement.
The application also provides a driving method of the reflective display device, which is used for driving the reflective display device. The driving method includes:
The data driving chip 41 inputs a data driving signal to the data signal distributor 42;
the control data signal distributor 42 distributes corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on the respective reflective display panels. In this embodiment, the number of the reflective display panels is three, and the three reflective display panels are sequentially a first reflective display panel 10, a second reflective display panel 20, and a third reflective display panel 30 in a direction facing the external environment. The data driving signals include a first data driving signal Va corresponding to the first reflective display panel 10, a second data driving signal Vb corresponding to the second reflective display panel 20, and a third data driving signal Vc corresponding to the third reflective display panel 30. The data signal distributor 42 may distribute the data driving signal Va inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, the data driving signal Vb inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, and the data driving signal Vc inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the third data line 302) on the third reflective display panel 30 according to the control signal applied from the driving chip (the data driving chip 41) or the central processor.
Further, the control data signal distributor 42 sequentially distributes corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel, that is, the control data signal distributor 42 may distribute corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel in a time period. For example, in a first period, the data driving chip 41 inputs the first data driving signal Va to the data signal distributor 42, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the first data driving signal Va inputted by the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, in a second period, the data driving chip 41 inputs the second data driving signal Vb to the data signal distributor 42, distributes the second data driving signal Vb inputted by the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, and in a third period, the data driving chip 41 inputs the third data driving signal Vc to the data signal distributor 42, and distributes the third data driving signal Vc inputted by the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the third data line 302) on the third reflective display panel 30. By superimposing the display screens on the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 for three periods of time, a full-color screen is displayed, which requires less data processing capacity for the data driving chip 41 and the data signal distributor 42.
In another embodiment, the control data signal distributor 42 distributes corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on each reflective display panel simultaneously. For example, the data driving chip 41 simultaneously inputs the first data driving signal Va, the second data driving signal Vb, and the third data driving signal Vc to the data signal splitter 42, and the data signal splitter 42 simultaneously distributes the data driving signal Va inputted to the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, the data driving signal Vb inputted to the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, and the data driving signal Vc inputted to the data driving chip 41 to the data line (the third data line 302) on the third reflective display panel 30 according to the control signal applied by the driving chip (the data driving chip 41) or the central processor. By superimposing the display screens on the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 at the same time, one full-color screen is displayed, but this requires a high data processing capability for the data driving chip 41 and the data signal distributor 42.
In this embodiment, each reflective display panel has a scan line, the reflective display device includes a scan driving chip 51 and a scan signal distributor 52, the scan driving chip 51 is electrically connected with the scan signal distributor 52 and is used for inputting scan driving signals to the scan signal distributor 52, the scan lines on the reflective display panels are electrically connected with the same scan signal distributor 52, and the scan signal distributor 52 is used for distributing the scan driving signals to the scan lines on the corresponding reflective display panels. The driving method further includes:
When the control data signal distributor 42 distributes the corresponding data driving signals to the data lines on the respective reflective display panels, the control scan signal distributor 52 distributes the corresponding scan driving signals to the scan lines on the reflective display panels to which the data driving signals are distributed. For example, when it is necessary to control the first reflective display panel 10 to refresh a screen, the scan signal distributor 52 distributes the scan drive signal inputted from the scan drive chip 51 to the scan line (first scan line 101) on the first reflective display panel 10 based on the control signal applied from the drive chip (scan drive chip 51) or the central processing unit, and simultaneously, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data drive signal 41 to the data line (second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20 based on the data drive signal Va inputted from the data drive chip 41 to the data line (first data line 102) on the first reflective display panel 10, when it is necessary to control the second reflective display panel 20 to refresh a screen, the scan signal distributor 52 distributes the scan drive signal inputted from the scan drive chip 51 to the scan line (second scan line 201) on the second reflective display panel 20 based on the control signal applied from the drive chip (scan drive chip 51) or the central processing unit, and simultaneously, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data drive signal Vb inputted from the data drive chip 41 to the data line (second data line 202) on the second reflective display panel 20, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the third data driving signal Vc inputted from the data driving chip 41 to the data lines (third data lines 302) on the third reflective display panel 30.
The control scan signal distributor 52 may sequentially distribute the corresponding scan driving signals to the scan lines on each reflective display panel, that is, the control scan signal distributor 52 may distribute the corresponding scan driving signals to the scan lines on each reflective display panel in a time period. Alternatively, the control scan signal distributor 52 may distribute the corresponding scan driving signals to the scan lines on the respective reflective display panels at the same time.
Since the plurality of reflective display panels all use the same data driving chip 41 and data signal distributor 42, the data driving signals actually transmitted to the reflective display panels are inevitably deviated, which results in distortion of the picture. Therefore, in another embodiment, the reflective display device further includes a color correction circuit electrically connected to the data signal distributor 42 and used for adjusting the color output of each reflective display panel. The driving method further includes:
And A, mapping the data driving signals into a color space of the reflective display device for compression or expansion based on the color response range of each reflective display panel, adjusting parameters of a mapping algorithm based on the transition relation among different colors, and performing first difference adjustment on the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel by a color interpolation mode or a curve fitting mode.
Illustratively, a color mapping algorithm may optimize the mapping of color transitions, ensuring that the transition between different colors is smooth. The color mapping algorithm maps the input data driving signals into a color space of the reflective display device and considers characteristics of each reflective display panel. For example, if the color response range of a reflective display panel is narrow, the mapping algorithm may compress or expand the input data drive signal to ensure that all reflective display panels are fully utilized. By optimizing the mapping algorithm, the overall color balance and accuracy can be achieved. For color transition problems, these algorithms can achieve continuous and natural color transition effects by optimizing the color transition path in the color space. By adjusting parameters of the mapping algorithm, such as a color interpolation method or a curve fitting mode, a smoother and more accurate color transition effect can be realized.
For example, the reflective display device may be color corrected prior to mapping the data drive signals to the color space of the reflective display device to ensure that the color response range and color output of each reflective display panel meet the desired criteria. This may involve adjusting the color response curve of the reflective display panel or calibrating the panel to make the output color more accurate and consistent. The input data driving signals are then mapped into the color space of the reflective display device using a mapping algorithm according to the color response range of each reflective display panel. The mapping process can be completed by adopting a gamma correction algorithm, a Look-Up Table (LUT) algorithm, linear interpolation, polynomial fitting and the like.
Illustratively, gamma correction is a common mapping algorithm for adjusting the brightness level of an input data driving signal to match the response curve of a display device. By performing nonlinear adjustment on the input data driving signal, gamma correction can improve brightness uniformity and color accuracy of the display. The step of mapping with a gamma correction algorithm includes:
And S11, determining the Gamma value. The Gamma value represents a nonlinear relationship between the brightness of the input data driving signal and the output brightness. Common Gamma values are typically between 1.8 and 2.5, depending on the characteristics of the display device and the desired display effect.
And S12, performing nonlinear transformation on the input data driving signal to adjust the brightness level of the input data driving signal. Gamma correction uses a power function, expressed as:
[V_{\text{out}}=V_{\text{in}}^\gamma]
Wherein, (V_ { _text { in }) is the luminance value (gray scale luminance) of the input data driving signal, (V_ { _text { out }) is the luminance value of the output data driving signal after Gamma correction, and (Gamma) is the selected Gamma value.
S13, gamma correction is carried out on the input data driving signals of each gray level, and corresponding output data driving signals are obtained. This allows the brightness of each gray level to be adjusted so that it is displayed on the output device more accurately and consistently.
And S14, carrying out equalization processing on the brightness so as to ensure that the whole display effect is uniform and smooth. In performing Gamma correction, it is generally necessary to consider the problem of luminance equalization. Because Gamma correction is nonlinear, the luminance balancing process can avoid distortion of some luminance levels.
Illustratively, the Look-Up Table (LUT) algorithm maps the input data driving signals into the output color space via a Look-Up Table established in advance. This method can accurately correct the output of each reflective display panel to achieve a desired color rendering effect. The mapping step by using the Look-Up Table algorithm comprises the following steps:
s21, creating a Look-Up Table according to the color response range of each reflective display panel and the color space of the reflective display device. This table contains the mapping between the input data drive signals and the corresponding output data drive signals.
S22, discretizing input data. The range of values of the input data drive signal is discretized, typically into a number of discrete values or levels. These discretized values will be the input to the LUT table.
S23, calculating corresponding output data driving signal values for each discretized input data driving signal value through a mapping algorithm, and filling the input data driving signal values and the output data driving signal values into the LUT table. This filling process may be accomplished by gamma correction, polynomial fitting, and the like.
S24, when a new input data driving signal is received, the system searches the LUT table for the corresponding output data driving signal value according to the input data driving signal. This lookup process is very fast because the LUT table can calculate all possible mappings in advance.
And S25, finally, according to the output data driving signal value searched by the LUT table, sending the output data driving signal value to a corresponding reflective display panel as a processed signal so as to ensure accurate display and full utilization of colors.
Linear interpolation is illustratively a simple but effective mapping algorithm that maps values of the input data drive signal into the output color space by linearly transforming them. Although not as accurate as Gamma correction and LUT mapping, linear interpolation can improve color accuracy and smoothness to some extent. The step of mapping with a linear interpolation algorithm includes:
The value range of the input data driving signal is determined S31 in order to ensure proper processing of the input data driving signal to accommodate the color response range of the reflective display panel and the color space of the reflective display device. The range of values of the input data drive signals is typically determined based on the particular reflective display panel color response range and the color space of the reflective display device.
And S32, determining a value range of the output data driving signal so as to ensure the color space of the adaptive reflective display device and the color response range of the reflective display panel. This is to ensure that the output data driving signal is within the correct range in order to properly drive the reflective display panel to display the correct color and brightness.
S33, establishing a linear mapping relation according to the value ranges of the input data driving signals and the output data driving signals so as to perform interpolation calculation. This typically involves determining the values of the two endpoints, i.e. the values of the output data drive signal corresponding to the minimum and maximum values of the input data drive signal, respectively.
And S34, when a new input data driving signal is received, calculating a corresponding output data driving signal value by using a linear interpolation algorithm. This calculation process estimates or predicts the values between the data points by a linear relationship based on the known data points. Linear interpolation algorithms typically calculate values between data points by linear relationships based on known data points, such as the values of the endpoints, to obtain the values of the output data drive signal.
And S35, driving the signal value according to the output data obtained by linear interpolation calculation, and sending the signal value as a processed signal to a corresponding reflective display panel so as to ensure accurate display and full utilization of colors. This ensures that the interpolated output data driving signal is properly applied to the reflective display panel to display the correct color and brightness, thereby achieving the compression or expansion of the signal.
Illustratively, polynomial fitting is a mathematical model-based mapping algorithm that approximates the relationship between discrete data points by fitting a mathematical function between the input data drive signal and the output color space, and by a polynomial, it is possible to find a best-fit curve to minimize the difference between the predicted value and the actual data point to achieve accurate color correction and mapping. This approach typically requires more complex computations but can provide more accurate color matching. The mapping process by using the polynomial fitting algorithm comprises the following steps:
S41, acquiring input and output characteristic data of a display device (a reflective display device). These data typically contain actual display brightness or color values at different input data drive signal strengths.
And S42, selecting a proper polynomial order. The order of the polynomial determines the complexity of the fitted curve. In general, the higher the order, the more accurate the curve fit.
S43, building a polynomial model according to the selected order. For example, a quadratic polynomial model can be expressed as:
P(x)=ax^2+bx+c
where a, b and c are polynomial coefficients and x is the input data drive signal.
And S44, calculating coefficients of the polynomial by using the acquired data points. This is typically accomplished by a least squares method, i.e., finding the coefficients such that the sum of squared errors between the fitted curve and the actual data points is minimized.
S45, establishing a polynomial fitting curve according to the calculated coefficient. This curve depicts the relationship between the input data drive signal and the display device output.
And S46, mapping the input data driving signals to a color space of the display device through a fitting curve. For example, if the intensity of the input data driving signal is x, the value calculated by the polynomial P (x) is the intensity that the reflective display panel should display.
And S35, driving the signal value according to the calculated output data, and sending the signal value as a processed signal to a corresponding reflective display panel so as to ensure accurate display and full utilization of colors. The validity of the polynomial fit map can also be verified by comparing the mapped output with the expected output.
And B, calling a correction curve or a lookup table based on the color response characteristics and the color space standard of each reflective display panel, and performing second difference adjustment by dynamically adjusting the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel.
Illustratively, the color correction algorithm may process the generated data driving signals in real time based on the color response characteristics of the reflective display device and the standard color space to ensure color balance of each reflective display panel. The color correction algorithm may be adjusted based on the characteristics of the panels and the differences in the manufacturing process. For example, if the response of a reflective display panel is not uniform, the algorithm may weight or correct the corresponding data driving signal to achieve an overall color balance. The core of color correction is to adjust colors during data driving signal conversion according to the color response characteristics of the reflective display device and the standard color space. For color transition problems, color correction algorithms can ensure color smoothness and consistency during the transition from one color to another. They avoid the occurrence of incoherent or non-uniform color transition effects by appropriately weighting or modifying the data driving signals in the transition region. The algorithms can dynamically adjust the data driving signals according to specific color transition conditions so as to ensure the natural smoothness of color transition.
And C, acquiring the ambient light level, monitoring the color output brightness and the color saturation of each reflective display panel, monitoring the color brightness change rate and the color protection change rate of a color transition area, adjusting the data driving signals exceeding a preset change rate threshold, and performing third difference adjustment on the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel based on the display mode standard parameters of the reflective display device.
For example, a sensor or feedback mechanism may be utilized to monitor the color output of the reflective display device and adjust the generated data driving signal in real time according to the monitoring result. For color transition problems, intelligent tuning techniques can monitor color response conditions in the transition region, dynamically tune the data driving signals to ensure the smoothness and continuity of the color transition. For example, by detecting color brightness and saturation changes in the transition region, the system can adaptively adjust the color output to eliminate discontinuities or jerkiness in the color transition. For example, by monitoring the ambient light level with an optical sensor, the system can adjust the data driving signal to accommodate different light conditions to ensure color balance. The intelligent adjusting technology can also carry out self-adaptive adjustment according to the aging degree or temperature change of the panel.
And D, determining a color transition region of the data driving signals, carrying out weighted correction on the color gradient difference of the color transition region according to the color transition requirements of different color display regions, and carrying out smooth adjustment on a color transition path in a color space so as to carry out fourth difference adjustment on the data driving signals corresponding to each reflective display panel.
Illustratively, the Color Management System (CMS) is a software or hardware system, typically embedded in a driver chip or display controller, that is capable of dynamically adjusting the output of each reflective display panel. In the color transition problem, the color management system may improve the color transition effect by optimizing the color transition path in the color space. The color output can be smoothly adjusted in the transition area according to the color transition requirement so as to ensure the color continuity and consistency. By way of a correction curve or look-up table (LUT), the CMS can implement fine tuning of color transitions to meet the needs and preferences of the user. Illustratively, the color management system may dynamically adjust the output of each reflective display panel according to the user's preference or preset color criteria. It may be implemented by a correction curve or a look-up table (LUT) to ensure color balance of each reflective display panel. The color management system may also provide a user interface that allows the user to make color adjustments according to their own needs.
Example two
Fig. 16 is a schematic plan view of a reflective display device according to a second embodiment of the invention. Fig. 17 is a schematic circuit diagram of a scan driving signal on a reflective display device according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 16 and 17, the reflective display device and the driving method according to the second embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment (fig. 1 to 15), except that in the present embodiment:
The reflective display device includes a plurality of scan driving chips 51, the scan driving chips 51 are electrically connected to the reflective display panels in a one-to-one correspondence, the scan driving chips 51 are used for directly inputting scan driving signals to the scan lines on the corresponding reflective display panels, and each reflective display panel individually applies the scan driving signals to one scan driving chip 51, so that the scan signal distributor 52 is not required.
Further, the number of the reflective display panels is three, and the three reflective display panels are sequentially a first reflective display panel 10, a second reflective display panel 20, and a third reflective display panel 30 in a direction toward the outside environment. The number of the scan driving chips 51 is three, and the three scan driving chips 51 are a first scan driving chip 511, a second scan driving chip 512, and a third scan driving chip 513 in this order. The first scan driving chip 511 is disposed on the first reflective display panel 10 and electrically connected to the scan line (the first scan line 101) on the first reflective display panel 10, the first scan driving chip 511 is configured to directly input a scan driving signal to the scan line (the first scan line 101) on the first reflective display panel 10, the second scan driving chip 512 is disposed on the second reflective display panel 20 and electrically connected to the scan line (the second scan line 201) on the second reflective display panel 20, the second scan driving chip 512 is configured to directly input a scan driving signal to the scan line (the second scan line 201) on the second reflective display panel 20, the third scan driving chip 513 is disposed on the third reflective display panel 30 and electrically connected to the scan line (the third scan line 301) on the third reflective display panel 30, and the third scan driving chip 513 is configured to directly input a scan driving signal to the scan line (the third scan line 301) on the third reflective display panel 30.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
Example III
Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a reflective display device in a white state according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a schematic view of a reflective display device in a black state according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 18 and 19, the reflective display device and the driving method according to the third embodiment of the present invention are substantially the same as those in the first (fig. 1 to 15) and second (fig. 16 to 17) embodiments, except that in the present embodiment:
One of the reflective display panels which is farthest from the external environment is an electrophoretic reflective display panel, and the rest reflective display panels are cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels. In this embodiment, the number of the reflective display panels is three, and the three reflective display panels are sequentially a first reflective display panel 10, a second reflective display panel 20 and a third reflective display panel 30 in the direction facing the external environment, wherein the first reflective display panel 10 is an electrophoretic reflective display panel, the second reflective display panel 20 and the third reflective display panel 30 are cholesteric liquid crystal reflective display panels, and the structures of the second reflective display panel 20 and the third reflective display panel 30 can refer to the first embodiment.
The first reflective display panel 10 includes a first opposite substrate 11, a first array substrate 12 disposed opposite to the first opposite substrate 11, and ink capsules 14 disposed between the first opposite substrate 11 and the first array substrate 12, wherein all of the ink capsules 14 are provided with black ink particles 141, first color ink particles 142 and an electrophoretic liquid of opposite polarities, the first color ink particles 142 are used for reflecting light of the first color, and the black ink particles 141 are used for absorbing light of various colors, so that the reflective display device is darker in a black state to improve contrast ratio. The black ink particles 141 and the first color ink particles 142 may be moved toward the corresponding directions by providing electric fields of different directions to the ink capsules 14. For example, the black ink particles 141 are negatively charged and the first color ink particles 142 are positively charged, so that the first color ink particles 142 move toward the direction of the electric field and the black ink particles 141 move toward the opposite direction of the electric field. The first color ink particles 142 move in an upward direction if an electric field in a downward direction is provided, and the black ink particles 141 move in a downward direction if an electric field in a downward direction is provided. Of course, the black ink particles 141 may be positively charged, and the first color ink particles 142 may be negatively charged, so that the black ink particles 141 move in the direction of the electric field, and the first color ink particles 142 move in the opposite direction of the electric field.
The first array substrate 12 is provided with a first pixel electrode 121, the first counter substrate 11 is provided with a first common electrode 111 matched with the first pixel electrode 121, and the direction of an electric field between the first pixel electrode 121 and the first common electrode 111 is controlled by controlling the polarity of a voltage on the first pixel electrode 121, so that the ink capsule 14 is controlled to switch between a black state (light absorption state) and a reflective state. For example, a common voltage of 0V is applied to the first common electrode 111, and if a voltage of positive polarity is applied to the first pixel electrode 121, the direction of the electric field between the first pixel electrode 121 and the first common electrode 111 is directed in the upward direction, and if a voltage of negative polarity is applied to the first pixel electrode 121, the direction of the electric field between the first pixel electrode 121 and the first common electrode 111 is directed in the downward direction.
In this embodiment, the first color light is red light, the second color light is green light, the third color light is blue light, that is, the first color ink particles 142 are used for reflecting red light, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 is used for reflecting green light in the reflective state, and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 is used for reflecting blue light in the reflective state.
The black ink particles 231 are negatively charged and the first color ink particles 142 are positively charged will be described as an example. As shown in fig. 18, when a white screen is displayed, a 0V common voltage is applied to each of the first common electrode 111, the second common electrode 211, and the third common electrode 311, a positive gray-scale voltage is applied to the first pixel electrode 121, and no voltage is applied to each of the second pixel electrode 221 and the third pixel electrode 321. To control the first color ink particles 142 in the ink capsule 14 to concentrate on the side near the first common electrode 111 and reflect the first color light, i.e. reflect red light, to control the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 to be in a reflective state and reflect the second color light, i.e. reflect green light, and to control the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 to be in a reflective state and reflect the third color light, i.e. reflect blue light, so that the reflective display device presents a white state picture. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signals in the reflective state to the first, second and third reflective display panels 10, 20 and 30 according to the control signals applied from the driving chip or the central processing unit.
As shown in fig. 19, when displaying a black screen, the first common electrode 111, the second common electrode 211, and the third common electrode 311 are each applied with a 0V common voltage, and the first pixel electrode 121 is applied with a negative gray scale voltage. The second pixel electrode 221 and the third pixel electrode 321 apply gray scale voltages, and then gradually decrease the voltages to 0. To control the black ink particles 141 in the ink capsule 14 to be concentrated near the first common electrode 111 and in a light absorption state, and to control the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33 to be in a light transmission state, and to control the ambient light to sequentially pass through the third reflective display panel 30 and the second reflective display panel 20 and be absorbed by the black ink particles 141 in the first reflective display panel 10, so that the reflective display device presents a black state picture. That is, the data signal distributor 42 distributes the data driving signal of the light transmitting state to the second and third reflective display panels 20 and 30 and distributes the data driving signal of the light absorbing state to the first reflective display panel 10 according to the control signal applied from the driving chip or the central processor.
When a color screen is to be realized, only the gray scale voltages (0-255 gray scales) applied to the first pixel electrode 121, the second pixel electrode 221 and the third pixel electrode 321 need to be controlled to control the amounts of light reflected by the ink capsule 14, the second cholesteric liquid crystal layer 23 and the third cholesteric liquid crystal layer 33, thereby realizing full-color screen display according to the principle of three primary colors of light.
Those skilled in the art will understand that the other structures and working principles of the present embodiment are the same as those of the first and second embodiments, and will not be described herein.
In this document, terms such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, etc. are defined by the positions of the structures in the drawings and the positions of the structures with respect to each other, for the sake of clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the claimed application. It should also be understood that the terms "first" and "second," etc., as used herein, are used merely for distinguishing between names and not for limiting the number and order.
The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and the present invention is described above in any way, but is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any person skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, when the technical content disclosed above can be utilized to make a little change or modification, the technical content disclosed above is equivalent to the equivalent embodiment of the equivalent change, but any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Industrial applicability
The data signal distributor can distribute the data driving signals input by the data driving chips to the data lines on the corresponding reflective display panels by sharing one data signal distributor with the plurality of reflective display panels, so that the plurality of reflective display panels can share the data driving chips, the number of the data driving chips is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Claims (15)
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