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CN119588278A - A rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry and a method for confirming its parameters - Google Patents

A rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry and a method for confirming its parameters Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119588278A
CN119588278A CN202411783023.4A CN202411783023A CN119588278A CN 119588278 A CN119588278 A CN 119588278A CN 202411783023 A CN202411783023 A CN 202411783023A CN 119588278 A CN119588278 A CN 119588278A
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slurry
filling
bin
curing
subsystem
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Inventor
张学亮
郭建利
高运增
朱拴成
刘芳彬
刘文义
曹峥
袁俊林
李修东
孙刘伟
郑莹莹
孙艺
杨宁
薛国春
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Coal Industry Planning Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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Coal Industry Planning Design And Research Institute Co ltd
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Priority to CN202411783023.4A priority Critical patent/CN119588278A/en
Publication of CN119588278A publication Critical patent/CN119588278A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/01—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/06—Solidifying liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
    • B01J19/122—Incoherent waves
    • B01J19/126—Microwaves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
    • B28C5/006—Methods for mixing involving mechanical aspects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C9/00—General arrangement or layout of plant
    • B28C9/02—General arrangement or layout of plant for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供了一种充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其包括料浆接收子系统、养护子系统和快速泵送子系统；料浆接收子系统包括料浆接收仓和料浆搅拌装置；料浆接收仓接收从地面传输过来的低浓度充填料浆，料浆搅拌装置对料浆接收仓中的料浆持续进行搅拌以防止离析；料浆接收仓、料浆搅拌装置共同配合，从而实现缓冲和暂存作用，避免地面料浆制备过程的中断而造成堵管事故，实现对料浆的连续制备和传输作用；养护子系统包括养护仓，养护仓中设有浓密装置、外加剂添加装置和搅拌装置；养护子系统用于提高料浆的浓度、加速料浆的水化反应和固化过程、缩短料浆的初凝时间，并起到将料浆地面制备和充填作业分离缓冲作用。

The present invention provides a rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry, which includes a slurry receiving subsystem, a maintenance subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem; the slurry receiving subsystem includes a slurry receiving bin and a slurry stirring device; the slurry receiving bin receives low-concentration filling slurry transmitted from the ground, and the slurry stirring device continuously stirs the slurry in the slurry receiving bin to prevent segregation; the slurry receiving bin and the slurry stirring device cooperate with each other to achieve buffering and temporary storage effects, avoid pipe blockage accidents caused by interruption of the ground surface slurry preparation process, and achieve continuous preparation and transmission of the slurry; the maintenance subsystem includes a maintenance bin, which is provided with a thickening device, an admixture adding device and a stirring device; the maintenance subsystem is used to increase the concentration of the slurry, accelerate the hydration reaction and solidification process of the slurry, shorten the initial setting time of the slurry, and play a buffering role in separating the ground preparation of the slurry and the filling operation.

Description

Rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry and parameter confirmation method thereof
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of coal mining paste filling, in particular to a rapid solidification system for filling mining paste and a parameter confirmation method thereof.
Background
The problems of environmental protection and the like associated with coal mining continue to exist. On one hand, along with the improvement of the mining intensity of the coal mine and the uneven distribution of coal resources, most of the coal mines in China face the embarrassment that the resources of the mining are exhausted and the reserves of the pressure coal under the pressure are relatively rich, especially the eastern mining area, and on the other hand, the coal mining causes a large amount of gangue to be accumulated on the ground, so that the mining occupies a good land and causes environmental pollution. The coal mining causes rock stratum moving damage to cause gas and water migration, coal mine gas accidents and underground water burst accidents occur, underground water loss is caused, underground water level is greatly reduced, water sources of mining areas are exhausted, surface vegetation is damaged, the surface is greatly settled, cultivated lands, building facilities and the like are seriously damaged, the mine mining depth is increased along with the continuous mining of shallow coal resources, the frequency and intensity of mine pressure showing, impact mine pressure and other dynamic disasters are increased, the safety production of a mine is seriously endangered, and the problems of coal gangue, coal ash and other coal-based solid wastes are increasingly severely discharged and disposed, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of the coal-based solid wastes is less than 50 percent at present.
The filling and mining technology is based on an effective method for solving the various engineering problems from the source, and the filling and mining technology is to crush solid waste, municipal refuse and the like generated in the mining process to prepare materials, and fill the materials into a goaf so as to lighten the moving range and the amplitude of rock stratum, further control the subsidence of the earth surface, and simultaneously utilize the solid waste such as gangue and the like, thereby avoiding the pollution of the environment.
The filling and mining technology of coal mine mainly includes solid filling and paste filling technology. The solid filling technology is that the mixed materials such as gangue and fly ash are transported from the ground to a filling conveyor by a shaft conveying device, the filling materials are filled into a goaf through a discharging hole, and then the filling materials are compacted by a tamping device, so that the mining technology for controlling the movement of rock stratum and the subsidence of the ground is achieved. The paste filling technology is that waste such as gangue and flyash is processed into aggregate with certain block, and mixed with cementing material and water in certain proportion to form paste, which is then pumped from ground to goaf via drilling and pipeline. And after the slurry is solidified, forming a supporting system mainly comprising a gangue paste filler. The deformation of the ground surface is controlled within the safety allowed range of the building and the infrastructure, and the ecological environment such as the aquifer structure is not influenced.
The paste filling mining technology is an important component of filling mining, and is characterized in that solid waste such as coal gangue is crushed, cement, fly ash and the like are added, the crushed solid waste is mixed with water according to a specific proportion and stirred into paste slurry without dehydration, the paste slurry is conveyed to an underground filling goaf through a filling pump or a self-sliding pipeline, and after the paste slurry is solidified, an effective support is formed for an overlying strata, so that the subsidence of the ground surface is controlled, and the ecological environment of a mining area is protected.
The comprehensive mechanized paste filling coal mining process comprises the steps of a) adopting an integral filling coal mining hydraulic support to carry out coal mining operation, b) carrying out an isolation process after the advancing distance of a working face reaches a set filling step distance (generally 3-7 m), forming an independent filling area in each cycle, isolating the area to be filled and the coal mining area by using plastic cloth, c) carrying out next-cycle coal mining operation after the paste filling paste is solidified by a ground paste preparation system, mixing and stirring filling materials according to required material composition and proportion, conveying the filling materials into the underground through a pipeline, and carrying out paste filling on a goaf behind the hydraulic support. The technical principle and system arrangement are shown in fig. 3, and the schematic diagram after construction is completed is shown in fig. 4.
The paste filling material is solidified, and the filling body and surrounding rock form a supporting system to jointly bear the overburden load and mining stress so as to realize the control of surface subsidence and protect the ecological environment of a mining area, and the method has the characteristics that (a) after the filling material is solidified, the filling body is high in strength and filling rate, good in ground subsidence reducing effect and good in protection effect on the ecological environment of the mining area, (b) the method can realize the effective utilization of solid waste filling, liberate land resources, remarkably reduce the influence of mining on the ecological environment of the mining area, (c) the stope roof and surrounding rock control method is changed, the superposition of mining stress is effectively avoided, the mine safety guarantee is improved, the accidents such as mine water damage and rock burst can be effectively prevented and controlled, and the like, and (d) the mining rate and the clean degree of coal resources can be obviously improved, the influence of mining on the surface building can be greatly reduced, and social contradiction caused by tension of the industrial and agricultural relationship can be avoided;
in a word, the paste filling mining technology can realize the organic combination of the existing production system of mines, ecological environment management and protection of mining areas and mine development, not only can ensure the full and safe stoping of coal resources, but also can realize the comprehensive utilization of solid wastes such as gangue, fly ash and the like, has wide application range, especially for mines with dense population, dense buildings and high subsidence control requirements, the main process flow is shown in figure 2,
However, at present, since paste filling technology is limited by long filling operation time and slow slurry curing speed, the paste filling technology cannot meet the requirement of high production efficiency of a coal face, and main problems and challenges include:
The filling coal mining system has the advantages that equipment is more, the working procedure is complex, the ground slurry preparation system and the underground filling system are difficult to synchronize and cooperate, sometimes the ground slurry is prepared and conveyed to the underground, and when an operation point encounters an emergency, the filling condition is not met, so that the phenomenon of pipe blockage is frequently generated, and the like.
And (II) the coal seam exploitation conditions have differences, such as uneven thickness, inclination angle and the like of the coal seam, the slurry amount required by each filling process is difficult to master, the fluctuation is large, and the accurate filling difficulty is high.
And thirdly, the filling material has high performance requirement, has good fluidity and conveyability, has certain concentration and meets the requirement on strength after curing, and has contradiction.
And fourthly, most importantly, the curing speed of the filling material is low, the working face can only carry out coal mining operation after the filling mining requires slurry to be cured and has certain strength and bearing capacity, so that the slurry curing waiting time is long, and according to statistics, the coal productivity of the filling working face is only 1/5-1/3 of that of the working face under the same condition, so that economic benefit is difficult to generate, and the method is also a main reason that the filling coal mining process is difficult to popularize in a large range.
And fifthly, the line length of the up-and-down filling pipeline is long, the pipeline resistance is large, the slurry is conveyed from the ground to the underground, the continuous pumping time is long, and the efficiency is low.
And (six) once the filling operation is blocked, slurry is isolated, the pipe blocking phenomenon is easy to occur, and the treatment difficulty is high.
And (seventh), after each filling process is finished, the pipeline is required to be cleaned, the process is complex, the water consumption is large, and the wastewater is difficult to discharge.
In this regard, there is currently no better solution available on the market.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the disclosure provides a filling mining slurry rapid solidification system which can realize screening out in the range of the power required by a product before installation and can realize constant power control, and can overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the present disclosure is realized as follows:
the first aim of the present disclosure is to provide a rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry, comprising a slurry receiving subsystem, a maintenance subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem which are connected in sequence;
the first aim of the present disclosure is to provide a rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry, comprising a slurry receiving subsystem, a maintenance subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem which are connected in sequence;
The slurry receiving subsystem comprises a slurry receiving bin and a slurry stirring device which are matched with each other, wherein the slurry receiving bin receives low-concentration filling slurry transmitted from the ground, and the slurry stirring device continuously stirs the slurry in the slurry receiving bin to prevent segregation;
The maintenance subsystem comprises a maintenance bin, wherein the maintenance bin is internally provided with a thickening device, an additive adding device and a stirring device, and is used for improving the concentration of the slurry, accelerating the hydration reaction and the solidification process of the slurry, shortening the initial setting time of the slurry and playing a role in separating and buffering the ground preparation and filling operation of the slurry;
the rapid pumping subsystem comprises a filling pump, a microwave generator and a conveying pipeline, wherein the filling pump and the large-diameter pipeline are used for conveying and pumping the slurry at a short distance together, the microwave generator generates microwaves and guides the microwaves into the conveying pipeline, and the microwaves heat the conveyed slurry to accelerate hydration reaction.
Preferably, the slurry receiving bin input end is communicated with a filling material stirring station on the ground, the curing bin input end is connected with the slurry receiving bin output end, the curing bin output end is connected with the filling pump input end, the filling pump output end is connected with the conveying pipeline input end, the conveying pipeline is led to the filling working face, and the conveying pipeline is provided with a valve. The filling material stirring station is arranged on the ground.
Preferably, the additive comprises a flocculant.
Preferably, the thickening device removes excess moisture, preferably 10% -20% of the total moisture in the curing barn, as the case may be.
Preferably, the densifier is preferably a thickener. The thickener is solid-liquid separation equipment based on gravity sedimentation, and the appearance is a cylindrical shallow groove with a cone bottom. By means of the rake which is arranged in the thickener and runs at a slow speed (1/2-1/6 r/min), paste-containing slurry can be input into the thickener from an upper port, and concentrated into high-concentration slurry through gravity sedimentation, so that thickened underflow slurry is discharged from a bottom flow port at the bottom of the thickener.
Preferably, the filling pump is a high-power filling pump, and the conveying pipeline is a large-diameter pipeline.
Preferably, the transfer conduit is preferably a double-layered hollow structure.
Preferably, the double-layer hollow structure of the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, wherein a hollow area is arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, the inner pipe is used for conveying slurry, and microwaves are introduced into the hollow area so as to heat the pipe wall of the inner pipe and the slurry.
Preferably, the wall of the outer pipe is treated by preventing microwave leakage, so that microwave leakage is avoided, and microwaves are ensured to be transmitted only inside the transmission pipeline, so that the heating efficiency of the microwaves on the inner pipe and the slurry is improved.
A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a parameter confirmation method of a filling mining slurry rapid solidification system, which includes the steps of:
S1, determining maintenance bin capacity, wherein the maintenance bin capacity Q c is calculated by adopting the following formula I:
in the formula I, k 1 is adopted as a charging imbalance coefficient;
k 2 -filler expansion coefficient;
p c -slurry bulk density in t/m 3;
p m -the unit of the volume weight of the extracted raw coal is t/m 3;
q m, namely the raw coal quantity extracted from the maximum filling step, wherein the unit is t (ton);
(supplementary explanation: in the course of confirming the capacity of maintenance warehouse, the filling mining working face adopts the cycle of "coal mining-filling-coal mining-filling", the working face is filled once (namely, filling step distance) after every several knife coals are adopted, after filling, the next coal mining cycle is carried out after the body to be filled solidifies, in order to form the airtight filling space in the goaf, adopt the mode of hanging the bag behind the support, fill slurry into the bag, the filling slurry is pumped out by maintenance warehouse, the capacity of maintenance warehouse should not be smaller than one filling step distance, and consider certain and adopt and fill the unbalanced coefficient K 1);
s2, dewatering by the thickening device, namely automatically controlling the thickening device according to the initial state and dewatering amount of the slurry in the dewatering thickening process when the slurry enters the maintenance subsystem, wherein excessive water W needing to be thickened is calculated by adopting the following formula II:
In the second formula, C 1, when the slurry enters the maintenance subsystem, firstly testing the initial concentration of the slurry;
c 2 -target concentration of slurry after dehydration by a thickening device;
V-the amount of slurry needed to be subjected to a dense removal of excess moisture;
W-the excess amount of water that needs to be densely stripped;
S3, determining the addition amount of the additive, namely adding the additive through an additive adding device in a maintenance bin, continuously stirring the slurry through a stirring device, testing the viscosity of the slurry by adopting a viscometer every 10min, and stopping adding when the viscosity mu of the slurry meets the following formula III:
Mu is more than or equal to 4.4X10 -4vρc r (formula III);
In the formula III, mu is slurry viscosity;
V-slurry pumping flow rate, m/s;
P c—— represents the volume weight of the slurry, t/m 3;
r -an outer diameter of the transfer conduit;
S4, stirring and standing, namely, after the slurry is subjected to thickening and dewatering through a thickening device, increasing the concentration, then adding an additive to fully stir, and then standing for hydration reaction, wherein the standing time is < =2h, and h-h;
Sampling the slurry every 10min during standing, testing the rheological property of the slurry by adopting an automatic rheometer, and meeting the pumping condition when the maximum shearing stress of the slurry reaches 3000 Pa;
S5, determining the filling pump power, wherein the filling pump power is calculated by the following formula IV;
in the formula, P 1 -represents the power of a filling pump, and the unit is W;
P c -represents the bulk density of the slurry in t/m 3;
g-represents gravitational acceleration;
q-represents flow, the unit is m 3/s;
l-represents the conveying distance in m;
η -represents the filling pump efficiency;
s6, confirming the power of the microwave generator, wherein the power P2 of the microwave generator is calculated by adopting the following formula five;
in the fifth formula:
P 2 -represents the power of the microwave generator, unit W;
q-represents flow, the unit is m 3/s;
P c -represents the bulk density of the slurry;
λ—represents the microwave frequency;
r-is the inner diameter of the outer pipe wall;
r -the outer diameter of the inner tube wall;
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that (A) most of hydration reaction is completed in the maintenance pool, hydration reaction is carried out after filling is saved, curing time is greatly shortened, (B) pipe blockage can not occur, slurry can be pumped into the well with lower concentration, secondary thickening treatment is carried out in the maintenance pool, pipe blockage phenomenon of a high-concentration slurry well site is avoided, a maintenance bin is arranged in the well and is close to a filling point, a large-pipe-diameter and high-flow pumping method can be adopted, filling efficiency is high, ground slurry pumping into the underground maintenance pool can be continuously carried out, flushing pipelines are not needed, slurry conveying time and curing time after filling are greatly shortened, operation procedures and pipe blockage phenomenon are simplified, coal mining operation efficiency of a filling working face is improved, microwave instant heating is adopted, hydration reaction is accelerated, and initial setting time is shortened.
Filling typically begins the hydration reaction after the slurry is pumped to the face, requiring 12-24 hours to reach initial setting, and during which time the face cannot be produced. The initial setting time of the present disclosure is shortened to 4-6 hours, and the required time is only 1/3 of that of the conventional one.
In this disclosure, the fast pumping subsystem mainly includes a filling pump, a microwave generator, a delivery pipe, and a valve. The filling pump is preferably a high-power filling pump, and the conveying pipeline is preferably a large-diameter pipeline, so that efficient close-range conveying and pumping of slurry are realized. The conveying pipeline is of a double-layer hollow structure and can comprise an inner pipe and an outer pipe, and a hollow area is formed between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. Microwaves generated by the microwave generator can be guided into the hollow area of the double-layer pipeline for transmission. The pipe wall of the outer pipe adopts microwave leakage prevention treatment, so that microwaves are ensured to be transmitted only in the transmission pipeline, especially in a hollow area, thereby improving the heating efficiency of the microwaves on the inner pipe and slurry, and the microwaves can heat the inner wall of the layer hollow large-diameter pipeline and the slurry conveyed by the inner wall and accelerate hydration reaction. Under the double-layer hollow structure of the conveying pipeline, the inner pipe transmits slurry, and the hollow area transmits microwaves and heats the inner pipe and the slurry, so that hydration reaction of the slurry is accelerated in the conveying process. The slurry conveying link of the rapid pumping subsystem is short in distance and small in resistance, and the slurry conveying time is shortened to 10% -30% of the original slurry conveying time and the hydration reaction time is shortened by 40% -60% by means of the cooperation of the high-power filling pump and the large-diameter pipeline.
The curing system designed by the present disclosure advances the hydration reaction time to the curing system, and through the actions of thickening, applying the admixture and the pipeline microwave heating, high-power and high-flow pumping, etc., the hydration reaction process is accelerated, the filling efficiency is improved, the risk of pipe blockage is overcome, and the continuous filling is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the application of the rapid solidification system of a filling mining slurry of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a conventional paste filling process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an integrated mechanized paste filling coal mining process.
Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the face after filling by the integrated mechanized paste filling coal mining process.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, not all embodiments. All other embodiments derived by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the disclosure fall within the scope of the disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present disclosure, the following describes the above technical solutions of the present disclosure in detail by a specific usage manner.
The first aim of the present disclosure is to provide a rapid solidification system for filling mining slurry, comprising a slurry receiving subsystem, a maintenance subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem which are connected in sequence;
The slurry receiving subsystem comprises a slurry receiving bin and a slurry stirring device which are matched with each other, wherein the slurry receiving bin receives low-concentration filling slurry transmitted from the ground, and the slurry stirring device continuously stirs the slurry in the slurry receiving bin to prevent segregation;
The maintenance subsystem comprises a maintenance bin, wherein the maintenance bin is internally provided with a thickening device, an additive adding device and a stirring device, and is used for improving the concentration of the slurry, accelerating the hydration reaction and the solidification process of the slurry, shortening the initial setting time of the slurry and playing a role in separating and buffering the ground preparation and filling operation of the slurry;
the rapid pumping subsystem comprises a filling pump, a microwave generator and a conveying pipeline, wherein the filling pump and the large-diameter pipeline are used for conveying and pumping the slurry at a short distance together, the microwave generator generates microwaves and guides the microwaves into the conveying pipeline, and the microwaves heat the conveyed slurry to accelerate hydration reaction.
In one embodiment, the slurry receiving bin input end is communicated with a filling material stirring station on the ground, the curing bin input end is connected with the slurry receiving bin output end, the curing bin output end is connected with the filling pump input end, the filling pump output end is connected with the conveying pipeline input end, the conveying pipeline is led to the filling working face, and the conveying pipeline is provided with a valve. The filling material stirring station is arranged on the ground.
In one embodiment, the additive comprises a flocculant.
In certain embodiments, the densifying apparatus removes excess moisture, preferably 10% -20% of the total moisture in the curing barn, as desired.
In one embodiment, the densifier is preferably a thickener. The thickener is solid-liquid separation equipment based on gravity sedimentation, and the appearance is a cylindrical shallow groove with a cone bottom. By means of the rake which is arranged in the thickener and runs at a slow speed (1/2-1/6 r/min), paste-containing slurry can be input into the thickener from an upper port, and concentrated into high-concentration slurry through gravity sedimentation, so that thickened underflow slurry is discharged from a bottom flow port at the bottom of the thickener.
In one embodiment, the filling pump is preferably a high-power filling pump, and the delivery pipe is preferably a large-diameter pipe.
In one embodiment, the transfer tubing is preferably a double-walled hollow structure.
In one embodiment, the double-layer hollow structure of the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe and an outer pipe, wherein a hollow area is arranged between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, the inner pipe is used for conveying slurry, and microwaves are introduced into the hollow area so as to heat the pipe wall of the inner pipe and the slurry.
In some embodiment, the wall of the outer pipe adopts microwave leakage prevention treatment, so that microwave leakage is avoided, and microwaves are ensured to be transmitted only inside the transmission pipeline, so that the heating efficiency of the microwaves on the inner pipe and the slurry is improved.
A second object of the present disclosure is to provide a parameter confirmation method of a filling mining slurry rapid solidification system, which includes the steps of:
S1, determining maintenance bin capacity, wherein the maintenance bin capacity Q c is calculated by adopting the following formula I:
in the formula I, k 1 is adopted as a charging imbalance coefficient;
k 2 -filler expansion coefficient;
p c -slurry bulk density in t/m 3;
p m -the unit of the volume weight of the extracted raw coal is t/m 3;
q m, namely the raw coal quantity extracted from the maximum filling step, wherein the unit is t (ton);
(supplementary explanation: in the course of confirming the capacity of maintenance warehouse, the filling mining working face adopts the cycle of "coal mining-filling-coal mining-filling", the working face is filled once (namely, filling step distance) after every several knife coals are adopted, after filling, the next coal mining cycle is carried out after the body to be filled solidifies, in order to form the airtight filling space in the goaf, adopt the mode of hanging the bag behind the support, fill slurry into the bag, the filling slurry is pumped out by maintenance warehouse, the capacity of maintenance warehouse should not be smaller than one filling step distance, and consider certain and adopt and fill the unbalanced coefficient K 1);
s2, dewatering by the thickening device, namely automatically controlling the thickening device according to the initial state and dewatering amount of the slurry in the dewatering thickening process when the slurry enters the maintenance subsystem, wherein excessive water W needing to be thickened is calculated by adopting the following formula II:
In the second formula, C 1, when the slurry enters the maintenance subsystem, firstly testing the initial concentration of the slurry;
c 2 -target concentration of slurry after dehydration by a thickening device;
V-the amount of slurry needed to be subjected to a dense removal of excess moisture;
W-the excess amount of water that needs to be densely stripped;
S3, determining the addition amount of the additive, namely adding the additive through an additive adding device in a maintenance bin, continuously stirring the slurry through a stirring device, testing the viscosity of the slurry by adopting a viscometer every 10min, and stopping adding when the viscosity mu of the slurry meets the following formula III:
Mu is more than or equal to 4.4X10 -4vρc r (formula III);
In the formula III, mu is slurry viscosity;
V-slurry pumping flow rate, m/s;
P c—— represents the volume weight of the slurry, t/m 3;
r -an outer diameter of the transfer conduit;
S4, stirring and standing, namely, after the slurry is subjected to thickening and dewatering through a thickening device, increasing the concentration, then adding an additive to fully stir, and then standing for hydration reaction, wherein the standing time is < =2h, and h-h;
Sampling the slurry every 10min during standing, testing the rheological property of the slurry by adopting an automatic rheometer, and meeting the pumping condition when the maximum shearing stress of the slurry reaches 3000 Pa;
S5, determining the filling pump power, wherein the filling pump power is calculated by the following formula IV;
in the formula, P 1 -represents the power of a filling pump, and the unit is W;
P c -represents the bulk density of the slurry in t/m 3;
g-represents gravitational acceleration;
q-represents flow, the unit is m 3/s;
l-represents the conveying distance in m;
η -represents the filling pump efficiency;
S6, confirming the power of the microwave generator, wherein the power P 2 of the microwave generator is calculated by adopting the following formula five;
in the fifth formula:
P 2 -represents the power of the microwave generator, unit W;
q-represents flow, the unit is m 3/s;
P c -represents the bulk density of the slurry;
λ—represents the microwave frequency;
r-is the inner diameter of the outer pipe wall;
r -the outer diameter of the inner tube wall;
epsilon is the dielectric constant between the outer tube and the inner tube.
The working principle is that the existing filling is implemented on the ground, the pipeline is directly input into a filling working surface, the middle uncontrollable factors are many, such as pipe blockage, the filling operation is suspended due to external factors, the pipeline is long, the resistance is large, the slurry concentration cannot be too high, and the like, and the hydration reaction is carried out after the filling, so that the curing time of the filling slurry is long. The patent originally constructed a maintenance center near the filling operation point underground. After entering a maintenance center, the low-concentration slurry is concentrated, added with additives such as flocculating agent and the like, and then is left to stand for preliminary hydration reaction, and the slurry is pumped to be high-concentration slurry. The pumping process can adopt large-flow pumping due to short distance, the pipeline adopts a hollow double-layer pipeline, the inner layer pipeline conveys slurry, the hollow part of the pipeline conveys microwaves, the outer layer pipeline wall adopts special materials, microwave leakage can be shielded, the microwaves are reflected to the inner wall of the pipeline, the slurry is heated and catalyzed, hydration reaction is further accelerated in the pipeline, when the slurry enters a filling operation place, the main hydration reaction is completed by 70-90%, initial setting can be realized after a short time, and the time is saved.
In the implementation of the present disclosure, reference may be made to the case of a certain filling face, an inclined length of 80m, a mined coal seam thickness of 2m, a raw coal volume weight of 1.4t/m 3, a normal filling step distance of 2m, and a maximum filling step distance of 3m.
A filling material stirring station is built in a ground industry square, a filling slurry receiving subsystem, a maintenance subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem are built at the roadway opening of the underground working face, wherein the volume of a designed receiving bin is 200m 3, and the volume of a maintenance bin calculated according to the patent is 600m 3. The slurry maintenance subsystem is positioned at the roadway mouth of the working face, is about 6000m away from the ground stirring station, and is about 500m away from the filling operation point.
(A) In a ground filling material stirring station, firstly, coal gangue is crushed into graded particles with the diameter of less than 5mm, the graded particles are mixed with cement according to a certain proportion, and the mixture is conveyed to a downhole slurry receiving bin through a pipeline with the diameter of phi 200mm at the concentration of 60 percent.
(B) The filling slurry is conveyed from a slurry receiving bin to a maintenance bin for dehydration and concentration treatment, the concentration is increased to 80%, and then 1% of early strength agent and water reducing agent (additive) are respectively added, so that the fluidity, strength and viscosity of the slurry are improved.
(C) After fully stirring, standing for 38min to perform preliminary hydration reaction;
(D) When slurry hydration reaction is carried out to a certain extent and the viscosity of the slurry is not lower than 2300Pa/s, a 400kW high-power filling pump is adopted, and a large-diameter conveying pipeline with the diameter phi of 350mm is in a double-layer hollow structure and is conveyed to a filling operation point of a working surface;
(E) Starting a microwave generator to generate microwaves, guiding the microwaves into a hollow area of the double-layer pipeline for transmission, and reflecting the microwaves when the microwaves meet the outer wall of the pipeline and absorbing the microwaves by the inner wall of the pipeline to generate heat;
(F) The large-diameter pipeline with the length of 500m from the curing barn to the filling operation point is heated by microwaves, so that the hydration reaction process of the slurry is further accelerated;
(G) After the slurry is pumped to a goaf filling position, standing for about 4 hours according to actual measurement to reach initial setting, wherein the strength reaches 0.5MPa;
(H) The time of the patent passing through the front hydration reaction is only 1/3 of that of the conventional 12-24 hours.
(I) The working face saves about 10 hours of waiting time, the saved time can be used for coal production, and the production efficiency is greatly improved by 90 percent.
In summary, the unique design of the present disclosure has the advantages of (A) completing most hydration reaction in the maintenance pool, saving the hydration reaction after filling, greatly shortening the curing time, (B) avoiding pipe blockage, pumping slurry into the well with lower concentration, then carrying out secondary thickening treatment in the maintenance pool, avoiding pipe blockage phenomenon of high concentration slurry well sites, (C) arranging the maintenance bin in the well, having a close distance from the filling point, adopting a large pipe diameter and high flow pumping method, having high filling efficiency, (D) continuously pumping ground slurry into the underground maintenance pool without flushing the pipeline, (E) greatly shortening the slurry conveying time and curing time after filling, simplifying the operation procedure and pipe blockage phenomenon, improving the coal mining operation efficiency of the filling working surface, (F) adopting microwave instant heating, accelerating the hydration reaction, and shortening the initial setting time.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure is not intended to limit the disclosure, but rather to cover any and all modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1.一种充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，包括依次连接的料浆接收子系统、养护子系统和快速泵送子系统；1. A rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry, characterized in that it comprises a slurry receiving subsystem, a curing subsystem and a rapid pumping subsystem connected in sequence; 所述料浆接收子系统包括相互配合的料浆接收仓和料浆搅拌装置；所述料浆接收仓接收从地面传输过来的低浓度充填料浆，所述料浆搅拌装置对所述料浆接收仓中的料浆持续进行搅拌以防止离析；所述料浆接收仓、料浆搅拌装置共同配合，从而实现缓冲和暂存作用，避免地面料浆制备过程的中断而造成堵管事故，实现对料浆的连续制备和传输作用；The slurry receiving subsystem includes a slurry receiving bin and a slurry stirring device that cooperate with each other; the slurry receiving bin receives low-concentration filling slurry transmitted from the ground, and the slurry stirring device continuously stirs the slurry in the slurry receiving bin to prevent segregation; the slurry receiving bin and the slurry stirring device cooperate with each other to achieve buffering and temporary storage, avoid interruption of the ground surface slurry preparation process and cause pipe blockage accidents, and achieve continuous preparation and transmission of slurry; 所述养护子系统包括养护仓，所述养护仓中设有浓密装置、外加剂添加装置和搅拌装置；所述养护子系统用于提高料浆的浓度、加速料浆的水化反应和固化过程、缩短料浆的初凝时间，并起到将料浆地面制备和充填作业分离缓冲作用；所述外加剂添加装置向所述养护仓中添加外加剂，以改善料浆的流动性；所述浓密装置去除所述料浆中的过量水分，提高料浆的浓度，缩短料浆的固化时间；The curing subsystem includes a curing bin, in which a thickening device, an admixture adding device and a stirring device are provided; the curing subsystem is used to increase the concentration of the slurry, accelerate the hydration reaction and curing process of the slurry, shorten the initial setting time of the slurry, and play a role in separating and buffering the slurry ground preparation and filling operations; the admixture adding device adds admixtures to the curing bin to improve the fluidity of the slurry; the thickening device removes excess water in the slurry, increases the concentration of the slurry, and shortens the curing time of the slurry; 所述快速泵送子系统包括充填泵、微波发生器、传送管道；所述充填泵、大直径管道，共同对料浆进行近距离输送和泵注；所述微波发生器产生微波并导入所述传送管道中，所述微波对输送的料浆进行加热、加快水化反应进行。The rapid pumping subsystem includes a filling pump, a microwave generator, and a transmission pipeline; the filling pump and the large-diameter pipeline together transport and pump the slurry over a short distance; the microwave generator generates microwaves and introduces them into the transmission pipeline, and the microwaves heat the transported slurry and accelerate the hydration reaction. 2.根据权利要求1所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述料浆接收仓输入端与地面上的充填材料搅拌站相连通，所述养护仓输入端与所述料浆接收仓输出端相连接，所述养护仓输出端连接所述充填泵输入端，所述充填泵输出端与所述传送管道输入端相连接，所述传送管道通向充填工作面，所述传送管道上设有阀门。2. The rapid solidification system for filling and mining slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that the input end of the slurry receiving bin is connected to the filling material mixing station on the ground, the input end of the curing bin is connected to the output end of the slurry receiving bin, the output end of the curing bin is connected to the input end of the filling pump, the output end of the filling pump is connected to the input end of the conveying pipeline, the conveying pipeline leads to the filling working face, and a valve is provided on the conveying pipeline. 3.根据权利要求1所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述外加剂包括絮凝剂。3. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 1, characterized in that the admixture includes a flocculant. 4.根据权利要求1所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述浓密装置去除所述过量水分，占所述养护仓中总水分的10％——20％。4. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that the thickening device removes the excess moisture, accounting for 10%-20% of the total moisture in the curing bin. 5.根据权利要求4所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述浓密装置采用浓密机。5. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickening device is a thickener. 6.根据权利要求1所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述充填泵采用大功率充填泵，所述传送管道采用大直径管道。6. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 1 is characterized in that the backfill pump adopts a high-power backfill pump and the transmission pipeline adopts a large-diameter pipeline. 7.根据权利要求6所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述传送管道为双层中空结构。7. The backfill mining slurry rapid solidification system according to claim 6 is characterized in that the transmission pipeline is a double-layer hollow structure. 8.根据权利要求7所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述传送管道包括内管和外管，所述内管、外管之间为中空区域；所述内管用于传送所述料浆；所述中空区域被导入所述微波，从而对内管的管壁和所述料浆加热。8. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 7 is characterized in that the transmission pipeline includes an inner tube and an outer tube, and there is a hollow area between the inner tube and the outer tube; the inner tube is used to transmit the slurry; the microwave is introduced into the hollow area to heat the tube wall of the inner tube and the slurry. 9.根据权利要求8所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统，其特征在于，所述外管的管壁采用了防微波泄露处理，从而避微波泄露，确保微波仅在所述所述传送管道内部传送，从而提高微波对所述内管、料浆的加热效率。9. The rapid solidification system for backfill mining slurry according to claim 8 is characterized in that the wall of the outer pipe is treated with anti-microwave leakage to avoid microwave leakage and ensure that microwaves are only transmitted inside the transmission pipeline, thereby improving the heating efficiency of microwaves on the inner pipe and slurry. 10.权利要求7-9所述的充填开采料浆快速固化系统的参数确认方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：10. The parameter confirmation method of the backfill mining slurry rapid solidification system according to claims 7-9 is characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1确定养护仓容量：所述养护仓容量Qc采用下列公式一计算：S1 Determine the curing bin capacity: The curing bin capacity Qc is calculated using the following formula: 公式一中：k1——采充的不均衡系数；In formula 1: k 1 ——unbalanced coefficient of mining and filling; k2——充填体膨胀系数；k 2 —— expansion coefficient of filling body; pc——料浆容重，单位为t/m3；p c ——bulk density of slurry, in t/m 3 ; pm——采出原煤的容重，单位为t/m3；p m ——bulk density of mined raw coal, in t/m 3 ; Qm——最大充填步距采出的原煤量，单位为t(吨)；Q m ——the amount of raw coal mined at the maximum filling step, in tons; S2浓密装置脱水：在料浆进入所述养护子系统时，脱水浓密过程中根据料浆初始状态与脱水量，实现对所述浓密装置的自动控制，而需要浓密脱去的所述过量水分W采用下列公式二计算：S2 Thickening device dehydration: When the slurry enters the curing subsystem, the thickening device is automatically controlled according to the initial state of the slurry and the dehydration amount during the dehydration and thickening process, and the excess water W that needs to be removed by thickening is calculated using the following formula 2: 公式二中：C1——在料浆进入所述养护子系统时，首先测试料浆的初始浓度；C2——采用所述浓密装置进行脱水后的料浆目标浓度；In Formula 2: C 1 ——the initial concentration of the slurry tested first when the slurry enters the curing subsystem; C 2 ——the target concentration of the slurry after dehydration by the thickening device; V——-需要经过浓密去除所述过量水分的料浆量；V——-The amount of slurry that needs to be thickened to remove the excess water; W——需要浓密脱去的所述过量水分量；W——the amount of excess water that needs to be removed; S3确定外加剂添加量：在所述养护仓中，通过所述外加剂添加装置加入所述外加剂，并通过所述搅拌装置不断搅拌料浆，每隔10min采用粘度计测试料浆的粘度；当料浆粘度μ满足下列公式三时，即停止添加：S3 determines the amount of admixture added: in the curing bin, the admixture is added through the admixture adding device, and the slurry is continuously stirred through the stirring device, and the viscosity of the slurry is tested every 10 minutes using a viscometer; when the slurry viscosity μ satisfies the following formula 3, the addition is stopped: μ≥4.4×10-4vρcr(公式三)；μ≥4.4×10 -4 vρ c r (Formula 3); 公式三中：μ——料浆粘度；In formula 3: μ——slurry viscosity; V——料浆泵送流速，m/s；V——slurry pumping velocity, m/s; Pc——表示料浆的容重，t/m3；P c—— indicates the bulk density of slurry, t/m 3 ; r——所述传送管道的外径； r ——the outer diameter of the transmission pipeline; S4搅拌静置：料浆经过所述浓密装置浓密去水后提高浓度，接着加入所述外加剂进行充分搅拌，然后静置进行水化反应，静置时间<＝2h，h——小时；S4 stirring and standing: the slurry is thickened and dehydrated by the thickening device to increase the concentration, then the admixture is added to stir fully, and then standing for hydration reaction, the standing time is less than or equal to 2h, h is hours; 静置期间，每隔10min对料浆取样一次，采用自动流变仪测试料浆的流变性，当料浆的最大剪切应力达到3000Pa时，即满足泵送条件；During the static period, the slurry was sampled every 10 minutes, and the rheological properties of the slurry were tested using an automatic rheometer. When the maximum shear stress of the slurry reached 3000Pa, the pumping conditions were met. S5确定充填泵功率：所述充填泵功率通过下列公式四计算得出；S5 determines the filling pump power: the filling pump power is calculated by the following formula 4; 公式中：P1——表示充填泵功率，单位为W；In the formula: P 1 —— indicates the power of the filling pump, in W; Pc——表示料浆的容重，单位为t/m3；P c —— indicates the bulk density of slurry, in t/m 3 ; g——表示重力加速度；g——indicates the acceleration due to gravity; Q——表示流量，单位为m3/s；Q——indicates flow rate, in m 3 /s; l——表示输送距离，单位为m；l——indicates the conveying distance, in meters; η——表示充填泵效率；η——indicates the efficiency of the filling pump; S6确认微波发生器功率：微波发生器功率P2采用下列公式五计算得出；S6 confirms the microwave generator power: the microwave generator power P2 is calculated using the following formula 5; 公式五中：In formula 5: P2-表示微波发生器功率，单位W；P 2 - represents the microwave generator power, in W; Q——表示流量，单位为m3/s；Q——indicates flow rate, in m 3 /s; Pc——-表示料浆容重；P c ——- indicates the bulk density of slurry; λ——表示微波频率；λ——indicates microwave frequency; R——为所述外管管壁的内径；R——is the inner diameter of the outer tube wall; r——为所述内管管壁的外径； r ——is the outer diameter of the inner tube wall; ε——为所述外管、内管之间的介电常数。ε——is the dielectric constant between the outer tube and the inner tube.
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US6428107B1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-08-06 Inco Limited Heat added to underground cemented fill to obtain both early and long term strength increases
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CN116624214A (en) * 2023-06-08 2023-08-22 中南大学 Underground carbonized cementing material filling method and filling system
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US6428107B1 (en) * 2000-11-28 2002-08-06 Inco Limited Heat added to underground cemented fill to obtain both early and long term strength increases
CN110185492A (en) * 2019-07-07 2019-08-30 长沙智能控制系统有限公司 A kind of moving distributing underground consolidated fill method and system
CN110953019A (en) * 2020-01-02 2020-04-03 中国矿业大学(北京) A method for improving early strength of filling body by microwave technology
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