CN119593732A - Repeated fracturing method for low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well - Google Patents
Repeated fracturing method for low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN119593732A CN119593732A CN202311162559.XA CN202311162559A CN119593732A CN 119593732 A CN119593732 A CN 119593732A CN 202311162559 A CN202311162559 A CN 202311162559A CN 119593732 A CN119593732 A CN 119593732A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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Abstract
The application discloses a repeated fracturing method of a high-water-content horizontal well of a low-permeability reservoir, which comprises the steps of carrying out repeated fracturing seam layout on the high-water-content horizontal well, determining high-water-content cracks of the high-water-content horizontal well in a target block, determining the safe distance S between the high-water-content cracks and adjacent fracturing cracks, carrying out seam layout according to the principle that the distance between the high-water-content cracks and the adjacent fracturing cracks along a shaft direction is larger than the safe distance S, and determining the safe distance S.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of oil extraction engineering, in particular to a repeated fracturing process method for a low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well.
Background
At present, repeated fracturing is carried out on a low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well, when the horizontal well is subjected to repeated fracturing construction after water plugging, if the repeated fracturing crack is too close to the water plugging crack and is subject to matrix seepage, the water plugging crack is easy to lose effectiveness and flooding is caused, and therefore, a corresponding repeated fracturing construction method is required to be developed aiming at the low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present disclosure provides a method for repeated fracturing of a low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well, which solves the problem that flooding is easily caused during repeated fracturing construction of the existing low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well.
In order to achieve the above object, the method for repeatedly fracturing a high water content horizontal well of a low permeability reservoir comprises the steps of repeatedly fracturing the high water content horizontal well to form a fracture, wherein:
Determining a high-yield water crack of a high-water-content horizontal well in the target block;
determining the safe distance S between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracturing fracture;
performing the joint layout design according to the principle that the distance between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracturing fracture along the shaft direction is larger than the safety distance S;
the method for determining the safe distance S comprises the following steps:
And judging the expected extension direction of the high-yield water fracture according to the maximum horizontal ground stress direction of the target block, and determining the safety distance S based on the extension direction and the included angle alpha of the shaft.
In the present disclosure and some possible embodiments, according to the previous staged fracturing construction process of the horizontal well in the target block, a maximum value of a vertical distance between two artificial cracks with intersegmental cross flow is used as a safe distance reference value D between the high-yield water crack and the adjacent fracturing crack, if no related reference value exists, the reference value D takes a value of 30m;
When the included angle α=90°, s=d, when 0 ° < α <90 °, s=d/sin α, when 90 ° < α <180 °, s=d/sin (α -90 °).
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possible, the method of stitch design comprises:
Designing cloth seams on two sides or one side of the high-yield water crack when the length of the sandstone layer section is greater than the safety distance S, and not designing cloth seams when repeated fracturing is performed in the sandstone layer section when the length of the sandstone layer section is less than or equal to the safety distance S;
And when the lengths of the two sides or the single side of the mudstone layer sections are less than or equal to 20m, acquiring the lengths S1 and S2 of the corresponding side sandstone layer sections, taking the other end of the mudstone layer section as a starting point position, taking S3=S-S1-S2×1.5 as a length, and designing a cloth seam on the other sandstone layer section adjacent to the mudstone layer section.
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possibly, the lengths of sandstone layer segments on two sides or one side of the high-yield water fracture are greater than or equal to two of the safe distances S, and the adjacent repeated fracturing fractures in the sandstone layer segments cannot adopt the in-fracture temporary plugging steering process.
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possibly of the present disclosure, the high yielding water fracture is determined by a geological analysis method;
the geological analysis method is to obtain the position of the high-yield water crack through the relation between the sedimentary facies belt and the horizontal well and the adjacent water injection well.
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possibly, the high yielding water fracture is determined by an in situ test method;
the field test method is to put the target underground into a horizontal well to segment the productivity measurement and control tool, apply a cable to transmit signals, obtain the underground liquid production amount and water content data of each segment through a ground direct-reading terminal, and obtain the water production condition of each segment through the liquid production amount and the water content to determine the position of the high-yield water crack.
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possible examples, when performing repeated fracturing construction, performing water shutoff operation on the high-yield water fracture, judging whether water shutoff is effective according to post-operation production effects, if the water shutoff is effective, performing repeated fracturing construction on the well, and if the water shutoff is not effective, performing the water shutoff operation again until the water shutoff is effective.
In some embodiments of the disclosure and possible examples, when performing the fracturing construction on the fracturing fracture adjacent to the high water content fracture, determining whether the fracturing fracture is communicated with the high water content fracture, and if the communication occurs, correcting the safe distance S.
According to the method, the reasonable safety distance S between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent repeated fracturing fracture is determined by combining the artificial fracture with the shaft direction, the repeated fracturing target well is guided to be subjected to joint distribution position selection according to the safety distance S, and then the target well is subjected to effective water shutoff and repeated fracturing, so that the single well yield of the low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well is improved, the combination of water shutoff and repeated fracturing of the high-water-content old well of the horizontal well is realized, the water injection development effect of the low-permeability horizontal well is improved, and the problem that flooding is easy to cause when the conventional repeated fracturing construction of the low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well is solved.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a design layout seam of a sandstone interval in which a high-yield water crack is located when the length of the sandstone interval is greater than a safe distance S;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a design layout seam of a sandstone layer section where a high-yield water crack is located when the length of the sandstone layer section is less than or equal to a safe distance S;
Figure 3 shows that the lengths of sandstone intervals on the left side and the right side of the high-yield water fracture are smaller than or equal to the safe distance S, designing a cloth seam schematic diagram of the other ends of the mudstone layer sections on two sides adjacent to the sandstone layer sections;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high-yield water fracture and sandstone interval for a Z-block A horizontal well of embodiment 1 of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing cloth of a repeated fracturing target well of example 1 of the present disclosure.
Description of the embodiments
The present disclosure is described below based on embodiments, but it is worth noting that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments. In the following detailed description of the present disclosure, certain specific details are set forth in detail. However, for portions not described in detail, those skilled in the art can also fully understand the present disclosure.
Furthermore, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are provided solely for purposes of illustrating the objects, features, and advantages of the disclosure and that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Meanwhile, unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense rather than an exclusive or exhaustive sense, that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to".
The repeated fracturing method for the low-permeability reservoir high-water-content horizontal well, which is adopted by the embodiment of the disclosure, is shown by combining the accompanying drawings, and comprises the following specific steps:
Step one, determining high-yield water cracks of a high-water-content horizontal well in a target block:
The method comprises the steps of determining high-yield water cracks of a high-water-content horizontal well in a target block through a geological analysis method or a field test method, wherein the geological analysis method is to comprehensively judge and analyze positions of the high-yield water cracks through a sedimentary facies belt and relations between the horizontal well and an adjacent water injection well, the field test method is to put a section productivity measurement and control tool into the horizontal well under the target well, apply a cable to transmit signals, obtain productivity conditions of each section through a ground direct-reading terminal, measure data such as underground liquid yield and water content, directly measure water yield conditions of each section, and determine the high-yield water cracks.
Step two, determining a reasonable safety distance S between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracture:
Firstly, according to the maximum horizontal ground stress direction of the target block, judging the predicted extension direction of the artificial crack of the high-water-content horizontal well, if the target block is only subjected to ground stress direction test, the maximum horizontal main stress direction is used as the predicted extension direction of the artificial crack of the well because the extension direction of the artificial crack is always consistent with the maximum horizontal main stress direction, and if the well in the block is subjected to fracturing microseism monitoring or other monitoring, the monitored extension direction of the artificial crack is used as the predicted extension direction of the high-yield water crack of the well. ;
then, according to the prior horizontal well staged fracturing construction process in the target block, the maximum value of the vertical distance between two artificial cracks with intersegmental cross flow is used as a safe distance reference value D of the high-yield water crack and the adjacent fracturing crack, if no related reference value exists, the reference value D takes a value of 30m;
Finally, determining a reasonable safe distance S between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracturing fracture based on the included angle alpha between the extending direction and the well bore, wherein the safe distance S is specifically that S=D when the included angle alpha=90 DEG, S=D/sin alpha when 0 DEG < alpha <90 DEG, and S=D/sin (alpha-90 DEG) when 90 DEG < alpha <180 deg.
Step three, repeated fracturing cloth seam design is carried out on the high-water-content horizontal well:
The principle of repeated fracturing and seam distributing design for the high-water-content horizontal well is that water plugging operation is needed to be carried out on the high-water-yield cracks, repeated fracturing is carried out on other cracks, wherein the distance between the repeated fracturing cracks and the high-water-yield cracks along the shaft direction is larger than a safe distance S, and the situation that the high-water-yield cracks are communicated during repeated fracturing crack construction operation is ensured. The cloth seam design is specifically carried out according to the following conditions:
1. If the lengths of the sandstone layer sections on the left side and the right side of the high-yield water crack are both greater than the safety distance S, as shown in fig. 1, the 3 rd crack is the high-yield water crack, the sandstone layer sections on the left side and the right side of the high-yield water crack are both designed with cloth cracks, and the obtained repeated fracturing and pressure-supplementing new cracks are respectively the 2 nd crack and the 4 th crack;
if the length of the sandstone layer section on the right side of the high-yield water crack is greater than the safety distance S, the 3 rd crack in the figure is the repeated fracturing pressure-supplementing new crack, and the left side is the same as the 3 rd crack in the figure.
2. When the lengths of the left side and the right side or the single side sandstone layer sections of the high-yield water fracture are smaller than or equal to the safety distance S, no cloth seam is designed when repeated fracturing is carried out in the sandstone layer sections, and as shown in figure 2, the left side of the high-yield water fracture is smaller than the safety distance S, and no cloth seam is designed on the left side.
3. The lengths of sandstone intervals on two sides of the high-yield water crack are smaller than or equal to the safe distance S, the sandstone intervals are adjacent to the mudstone intervals, if the lengths of the mudstone intervals are larger than or equal to 20m, as shown in figure 3, the 3 rd crack is the high-yield water crack, the left mudstone interval of the high-yield water crack is larger than or equal to 20m, a cloth crack is designed at the starting position of the other sandstone interval adjacent to the mudstone interval, and the obtained repeated fracturing pressure-compensating new crack is the 2 nd crack in the figure;
If the length of the mudstone interval is less than 20m, as shown in fig. 3, the right mudstone interval of the high-yield water fracture 3 is less than 20m, the length S1 of the mudstone interval and the length S2 of the mudstone interval are required to be obtained respectively, then the other end of the mudstone interval is taken as a starting point position, s3=s-S1-s2×1.5 is taken as a length, a cloth fracture is designed on the other sandstone interval adjacent to the mudstone interval, and the obtained repeated fracturing and pressure-compensating new fracture is the 4 th fracture in the figure.
4. If the position of the high-yield water crack is in a large-section sandstone layer section, if the length of the large-section sandstone layer section is greater than or equal to two safety distances S, when repeated fracturing cloth crack design is carried out, in the sandstone layer section, adjacent repeated fracturing cracks cannot adopt an in-crack temporary plugging steering process, and the high-yield water crack is prevented from being communicated through steering.
Step four, water shutoff operation is carried out aiming at the high-yield water cracks:
And (3) performing water plugging operation on the high-yield water fracture, if water plugging is unsuccessful, the water yield and the water content can be further increased by repeated fracturing in the next step, so that the precondition of repeated fracturing is that the high-yield water fracture can be effectively plugged. Specifically, according to the conventional technology in the field, a water shutoff agent is injected into a high-yield water fracture of a repeated fracturing target well, the interval is plugged, whether water shutoff is effective or not is judged according to the production effect after operation, if the water shutoff is effective, repeated fracturing construction is carried out on the well, and if the water shutoff is not effective, water shutoff operation is carried out again until the water shutoff is effective.
And fifthly, according to the conventional technology in the field, injecting Kong Qiang tubular columns into the horizontal well of the repeated fracturing target, perforating the position needing to be subjected to pressure compensation, taking out the perforating tubular columns, and scraping the perforating well sections and the packer setting positions.
Step six, according to the conventional technology in the field, a double-seal single-clamp fracturing string is put in, a fracturing wellhead is installed, a fracturing manifold is connected, a ground pipeline and a gate are used for pressure test, and no puncture, leakage and seepage phenomena of the pipeline are qualified.
And seventhly, fracturing the designed repeated fracturing cracks of the horizontal well according to the conventional technology in the field, lifting the tubular column step by step to sequentially finish the construction of the repeated fracturing cracks, and stopping the fracturing of the water plugging cracks.
In the fracturing construction process, when the adjacent cracks of the high-water-content cracks are subjected to fracturing construction, whether the fracturing cracks are communicated with the high-water-content cracks or not needs to be judged, and the method is mainly characterized in that firstly, after the fracturing cracks are communicated with the high-water-content cracks, the pressure of an oil pipe is obviously and rapidly reduced, and secondly, as the fracturing construction is that the fracturing construction is gradually dragged from the bottom of a well to the top, whether a lower fracturing interval is communicated with the upper high-water-content cracks or not can be judged through casing pressure. If the design safety distance S is not enough to effectively separate the high-water-content fracture from the adjacent repeated fracturing fracture in the construction process, the value of the safety distance S needs to be further corrected, and the repeated fracturing fracture layout design of the subsequent wells is carried out according to the corrected safety distance.
And step eight, after the construction of all the designed target intervals is completed, taking out the fracturing string in the well, and putting the fracturing string into production by a pump.
Examples
The Z blocks of the horizontal wells of the peripheral low-permeability reservoir in Daqing have the reservoir permeability of 30mD-100mD, 15 horizontal wells A and the like are arranged in the blocks, and the water content of 11 wells exceeds 90% at present, so that the production effect is poor. Wherein the horizontal well A is produced by fracturing for 7 years, the current daily water production is 27m 3, the daily oil production is 0.8m 3, and the water content is 97.1%.
The high-water-content A horizontal well adopts the repeated fracturing process method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
Step one, a horizontal well subsection productivity measurement and control tool is put into the horizontal well A, and the high-yield water crack of the horizontal well A is determined to be the 2 nd crack of the figure 4 through testing.
The Z block underground microseism monitoring artificial crack extending direction is NE 12-NE 26 degrees, the average is NE18 degrees, the predicted extending direction of the horizontal well artificial crack is NE18 degrees, the conventional horizontal well fracturing construction data of the Z block show that the maximum value of the vertical distance between two artificial cracks of the Z block, which does not generate cross flow, is 25m, namely the safety distance reference value D is 25m, the included angle alpha between a shaft and the crack extending direction is 72 degrees, and the reasonable safety distance S=25/sin 72 degrees=26.3 m between the high-yield water crack and the adjacent fracturing crack is determined.
And thirdly, carrying out repeated fracturing cloth seam design aiming at the horizontal well A, wherein large sections of sandstone are not reformed at two sides of the original high-yield water fracture of the horizontal well A, and pressure compensation is needed during repeated fracturing to realize full reforming of the horizontal well. With reference to a fracture distance of 26.3m, a repeat frac cloth fracture was designed as shown in fig. 5. Wherein the distance between the 2 nd crack and the 3 rd crack is 27m, and the distance between the 3 rd crack and the 4 th crack is 27m.
And fourthly, performing water plugging operation on the high-yield water cracks of the horizontal well A, injecting a water plugging agent into the 2 nd crack, plugging the water produced by the whole well daily for 18m 3, the oil produced by the daily for 3.5m 3, reducing the water content from 97.1% to 83.7%, and judging that the water plugging is effective.
And fifthly, injecting Kong Qiang pipe columns into the horizontal well A, perforating the positions of the 2 nd crack and the 4 th crack of the new pressure compensating joint, taking out the perforating pipe columns, and scraping the perforating well sections and the packer setting positions.
And step six, a double-seal single-clamp fracturing string is put in, a fracturing wellhead is arranged and connected with a fracturing manifold, the ground pipeline and the gate are subjected to pressure test, and the pipeline is qualified in no-thorn, leakage and seepage phenomena.
And seventhly, carrying out repeated fracturing construction on the horizontal well A, adopting a double-seal single-clamp fracturing process pipe column, lifting the pipe column step by step to sequentially finish repeated fracturing section construction, and enabling the 3 rd crack not to be fractured.
And step eight, after the 5 th crack is constructed, taking out the fracturing string in the well, and putting the fracturing string into production by a pump.
The above examples are merely representative of embodiments of the present disclosure, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. It should be noted that modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure, which are all within the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be determined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a low infiltration reservoir high moisture horizontal well repeated fracturing method, includes carrying out repeated fracturing cloth seam design to high moisture horizontal well, its characterized in that:
Determining a high-yield water crack of a high-water-content horizontal well in the target block;
determining the safe distance S between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracturing fracture;
Performing the joint layout design according to the principle that the distance between the high-yield water fracture and the adjacent fracturing fracture along the shaft direction is greater than the safety distance S;
the method for determining the safe distance S comprises the following steps:
And judging the expected extension direction of the high-yield water fracture according to the maximum horizontal ground stress direction of the target block, and determining the safety distance S based on the extension direction and the included angle alpha of the shaft.
2. The method of repeated fracturing of a low permeability reservoir high water content horizontal well of claim 1, wherein:
According to the prior horizontal well staged fracturing construction process in the target block, the maximum value of the vertical distance between two artificial cracks with intersegmental cross flow is used as a safe distance reference value D of the high-yield water crack and the adjacent fracturing crack, if no related reference value exists, the reference value D takes a value of 30m;
When the included angle α=90°, s=d, when 0 ° < α <90 °, s=d/sin α, when 90 ° < α <180 °, s=d/sin (α -90 °).
3. The method for repeated fracturing of a high water content horizontal well of a low permeability reservoir according to claim 2, wherein said method for designing a cloth slit comprises the steps of:
Designing cloth seams on two sides or one side of the high-yield water crack when the length of the sandstone layer section is greater than the safety distance S, and not designing cloth seams when repeated fracturing is performed in the sandstone layer section when the length of the sandstone layer section is less than or equal to the safety distance S;
And when the lengths of the two sides or the single side of the mudstone layer sections are less than or equal to 20m, acquiring the lengths S1 and S2 of the corresponding side sandstone layer sections, taking the other end of the mudstone layer section as a starting point position, taking S3=S-S1-S2×1.5 as a length, and designing a cloth seam on the other sandstone layer section adjacent to the mudstone layer section.
4. A method of repeated fracturing of a high water horizontal well of a low permeability reservoir according to claim 3, wherein:
The lengths of sandstone layer sections on two sides or one side of the high-yield water fracture are larger than or equal to the two safety distances S, and the adjacent repeated fracturing fracture in the sandstone layer section cannot adopt a temporary plugging steering process in the fracture.
5. The method of repeated fracturing of a low permeability reservoir high water content horizontal well according to any of claims 1-4, wherein:
determining the high-yield water fracture through a geological analysis method;
the geological analysis method is to obtain the position of the high-yield water crack through the relation between the sedimentary facies belt and the horizontal well and the adjacent water injection well.
6. The method of repeated fracturing of a low permeability reservoir high water content horizontal well according to any of claims 1-4, wherein:
determining the high-yield water cracks by a field test method;
the field test method is to put the target underground into a horizontal well to segment the productivity measurement and control tool, apply a cable to transmit signals, obtain the underground liquid production amount and water content data of each segment through a ground direct-reading terminal, and obtain the water production condition of each segment through the liquid production amount and the water content to determine the position of the high-yield water crack.
7. The method of repeated fracturing of a low permeability reservoir high water content horizontal well according to any of claims 1-4, wherein:
And when the repeated fracturing construction is carried out, carrying out water shutoff operation on the high-yield water cracks, judging whether water shutoff is effective according to the production effect after operation, if so, carrying out repeated fracturing construction on the well, and if not, carrying out water shutoff operation again until the water shutoff is effective.
8. The method of repeated fracturing of a high water horizontal well of a low permeability reservoir of claim 7, wherein:
and judging whether the fracturing cracks are communicated with the high-water-content cracks or not when the fracturing construction is carried out on the fracturing cracks adjacent to the high-water-content cracks, and correcting the safety distance S if the communication occurs.
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