CN119610741B - Fluid forming-based optical lens direct forming method and system - Google Patents
Fluid forming-based optical lens direct forming method and systemInfo
- Publication number
- CN119610741B CN119610741B CN202411857405.7A CN202411857405A CN119610741B CN 119610741 B CN119610741 B CN 119610741B CN 202411857405 A CN202411857405 A CN 202411857405A CN 119610741 B CN119610741 B CN 119610741B
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- fluid
- fluid forming
- liquid
- forming
- optical lens
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for directly forming an optical lens based on fluid forming, wherein the forming method comprises the steps of preparing a container, a fluid forming die, a density matching liquid and an optical polymer liquid; the method comprises the steps of fixing a fluid forming die in the center of a container, injecting optical polymer liquid into the fluid forming die, dividing the inner cavity of the container into an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity by the fluid forming die filled with the optical polymer liquid, injecting density matching liquid into the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity, completely immersing the fluid forming die in the density matching liquid, forming and solidifying in the fluid forming die, and forming the optical lens. The molding system includes a container and a fluid-forming die. The invention solves the problems of complexity of the manufacturing process and the problem that the required professional equipment prevents the optical lens from being rapidly molded, can realize rapid molding and manufacturing of the optical lens without grinding, surface polishing and the like, and can adjust the mirror surface type of the optical lens in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fluid forming, in particular to a method and a system for directly forming an optical lens based on fluid forming.
Background
Lenses are an essential component of any optical system, from microscopes to telescopes, holograms, spectacles, data storage devices, lasers, etc. The manufacture of lenses or lens molds relies on mechanical processing, such as grinding and machining, followed by polishing of the optical surfaces. The need for high quality surfaces requires specialized and expensive equipment, and the fabrication of non-standard optical surfaces remains challenging, and the complexity of these fabrication processes and the specialized equipment required prevent rapid molding of the optical elements.
Three-dimensional (3-D) printing techniques are considered natural as potential platforms for optical lens fabrication, but to date the quality of printed articles has not been adequate for optical applications, requiring complex post-processing.
In order to solve the problem of rapid manufacturing of various high surface quality optical lenses, it is desirable to propose a lens system capable of producing high surface quality using a smooth liquid-liquid interface of a polymer liquid and a density matching liquid.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a direct forming method and a direct forming system of an optical lens based on fluid forming, which have reasonable and ingenious conception, solve the problems that the complexity of the manufacturing process and required professional equipment prevent the rapid forming of the optical lens, can realize the rapid forming and manufacturing of the lens without grinding, polishing the surface and the like, and can change the mirror surface type of the optical liquid through the size of a fluid forming die, the volume of the optical polymer liquid and the pressure of density matching liquid in an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity.
The invention provides a method for directly forming an optical lens based on fluid forming, which comprises the steps of preparing a container, a fluid forming die, density matching liquid and optical polymer liquid, fixing the fluid forming die in the center of the container, injecting the optical polymer liquid into the fluid forming die, dividing an inner cavity of the container into an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity by the fluid forming die filled with the optical polymer liquid, and then injecting the density matching liquid into the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity so that the fluid forming die is completely immersed in the density matching liquid, and forming and solidifying the optical lens with high surface quality in the fluid forming die by utilizing a smooth liquid-liquid interface of the optical polymer liquid and the density matching liquid.
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on fluid forming comprises the steps of injecting an upper density matching liquid into the upper sealing cavity, injecting a lower density matching liquid into the lower sealing cavity, and controlling the upper surface and the lower surface of the optical lens by respectively adjusting the amounts of the upper density matching liquid injected into the upper sealing cavity and the density matching liquid injected into the lower sealing cavity to form different pressure differences of the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity.
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on the fluid forming comprises the steps that the density matching liquid and the optical polymer liquid are the same in density, and the density matching liquid and the optical polymer liquid do not generate any chemical reaction.
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on the fluid forming comprises the step of injecting the optical polymer liquid into the fluid forming die immersed in the density matching liquid to form a lens shape with the diameter of 50-100 mm.
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on fluid forming comprises the steps that the formed optical polymer liquid is solidified through a solidifying device, and the optical lens with the refractive index of 1.5-1.8 is formed after the optical polymer liquid is solidified.
The optical lens direct molding method based on fluid forming comprises the steps that a water bath heating pot is adopted by the solidifying device, and the container containing the fluid forming die, the density matching liquid and the optical polymer liquid is immersed in the water bath heating pot to be heated, so that the optical polymer liquid is solidified.
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on fluid forming comprises the steps that the formed optical polymer liquid can be solidified by heating or ultraviolet light, and when the optical polymer liquid is solidified by ultraviolet light, the optical polymer liquid is uniformly irradiated by an ultraviolet curing lamp to be solidified;
The optical lens direct molding method based on fluid molding comprises the steps that the container is a closed tank-shaped container, an upper pressurizing connector communicated with the upper sealing cavity is arranged at the upper end of the container, a lower pressurizing connector communicated with the lower sealing cavity is arranged at the lower end of the container, meanwhile, the side wall of the container is of a sandwich structure, and an upper circulating water inlet and outlet connector and a lower circulating water inlet and outlet connector communicated with the sandwich structure are respectively matched with the side wall of the upper end and the side wall of the lower end of the container.
The optical lens direct molding system based on fluid molding comprises a container and a fluid molding die, wherein the container is a closed canning container, the side walls of the container are of a sandwich structure, upper circulating water inlet and outlet joints and lower circulating water inlet and outlet joints which are communicated with the sandwich structure are respectively matched with the side walls of the upper end and the lower end of the container, the fluid molding die is installed in the center of the container in a matched mode, when the fluid molding die is filled with optical polymer liquid, the inner cavity of the container can be divided into an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity, an upper pressurizing joint communicated with the upper sealing cavity is arranged at the upper end of the container, and a lower pressurizing joint communicated with the lower sealing cavity is arranged at the lower end of the container.
The optical lens direct molding system based on fluid molding comprises a fluid molding tank body, an upper tank body cover and a lower tank body cover, wherein the top and the bottom of the fluid molding tank body are both in an opening shape, the side wall of the fluid molding tank body is of a sandwich structure, the upper circulating water inlet and outlet connector is matched with one side of the upper end of the fluid molding tank body, the lower circulating water inlet and outlet connector is matched with one side of the lower end of the fluid molding tank body, the lower pressurizing connector is matched with the other side of the lower end of the fluid molding tank body, and the upper tank body cover and the lower tank body cover are respectively matched with openings arranged at the top and the bottom of the fluid molding tank body so as to seal the fluid molding tank body.
The optical lens direct molding system based on fluid molding comprises an upper perspective window, a lower perspective window and an upper pressurizing connector, wherein the upper perspective window is arranged in a matching mode in the central area of an upper cover of a tank body, the lower perspective window is arranged in a matching mode in the central area of a lower cover of the tank body, and the upper pressurizing connector is arranged on the upper cover of the tank body in a matching mode.
The optical lens direct molding system based on fluid molding further comprises a curing device, wherein the curing device is used for curing the optical polymer liquid injected into the fluid molding die.
The optical lens direct molding system based on fluid forming comprises a curing device, a water bath heating pot and a liquid injection device, wherein the curing device is used for curing optical polymer liquid injected into a fluid forming die.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The method for directly forming the optical lens based on fluid forming is reasonable and ingenious in conception, solves the problems that the complexity of the manufacturing process and required professional equipment prevent the optical lens from being quickly formed, can realize quick forming and manufacturing of the lens without grinding, polishing the surface and the like, can change the mirror surface shape presented by the optical liquid through the size of a fluid forming die, the volume of the optical polymer liquid and the pressure of density matching liquid in an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity, and can ensure that the curing back surface of the polymer liquid is consistent with the curing front surface by utilizing the adjustment of the pressure of the upper sealing cavity and the lower sealing cavity due to shrinkage and density change in the curing process of the optical polymer liquid.
The present invention, in contrast to conventional injection molding lenses, requires a manufacturing time that is not proportional to the volume produced, and thus allows for the rapid manufacture of any size component. In addition, the molding process of the present invention is compatible with a wide variety of curing liquids having a wide variety of optical and mechanical properties. Importantly, the method does not require special equipment and naturally achieves nanoscale surface quality.
The direct molding system for the optical lens based on fluid forming has simple and reasonable structural design, can produce the lens without any mechanical processing, and has simplicity and affordability, so that the direct molding system becomes a natural candidate for producing economical glasses.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings which are required in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fluid-based forming method for directly forming an optical lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fluid-based direct molding system for optical lenses according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fluid-based formed optical lens direct-molding system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for directly forming an optical lens based on fluid forming according to the present embodiment is implemented by using a system for directly forming an optical lens based on fluid forming.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present invention is a fluid-formed optical lens direct-molding system including a container 1, a fluid-forming mold 2, and a solidifying means 3.
The container 1 is a closed can container comprising a fluid forming can 11, a can upper lid 12 and a can lower lid 13.
The top and bottom of the fluid forming tank 11 are both open, the side wall is of a sandwich structure, an upper circulating water inlet and outlet joint 111 protruding towards the outer side of the upper side is matched with the side wall, a lower circulating water inlet and outlet joint 112 protruding towards the outer side is matched with the side wall of the lower side, the upper circulating water inlet and outlet joint 111 is communicated with the inner cavity of the side wall sandwich structure 110 at the upper end of the fluid forming tank 11, the lower circulating water inlet and outlet joint 112 is communicated with the inner cavity of the side wall sandwich structure 110 at the lower end of the fluid forming tank 11, meanwhile, a lower layer pressurizing joint 113 protruding towards the outer side is further arranged on the side of the lower end of the fluid forming tank 11, and the lower layer pressurizing joint 113 is communicated with the inner cavity of the fluid forming tank 11.
The upper tank cover 12 and the lower tank cover 13 are respectively matched and installed at the openings of the top and the bottom of the fluid forming tank 11 to seal the fluid forming tank 11, an upper perspective window 121 is matched and installed at the central area of the upper tank cover 12, a lower perspective window 131 is matched and installed at the central area of the lower tank cover 13, and meanwhile, an upper pressurizing joint 122 protruding upwards and communicated with the inner cavity of the fluid forming tank 11 is matched and installed on the upper tank cover 12.
The fluid forming mold 2 is fixedly installed in the middle cavity of the fluid forming tank 11 in a matching way, the optical polymer liquid C is injected into the fluid forming tank 11 (before the upper cover of the fluid forming tank is sealed, the density matching liquid A is injected into the fluid forming tank 11, the fluid forming mold 2 is immersed, the optical polymer liquid C is injected into the fluid forming mold 2 from the opening of the tank), an annular surrounding surface with the diameter of 50-100mm is formed in the fluid forming mold 2, the annular surrounding surface is positioned in the center of the fluid forming tank 11 and is fixed in the fluid forming tank 11, at the moment, the fluid forming mold 2 filled with the optical polymer liquid C divides the cavity of the container 1 into an upper sealing cavity 101 and a lower sealing cavity 102, the upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102 form sealing cavities, the upper pressurizing joint 122 is communicated with the upper sealing cavity 101, and the lower pressurizing joint 113 is communicated with the lower sealing cavity 102.
In operation, the upper pressure fitting 122 is used to inject the upper density matching fluid a into the upper seal chamber 101, and the lower pressure fitting 113 is used to inject the lower density matching fluid B into the lower seal chamber 102, so that the fluid forming die 2 is completely immersed in the upper density matching fluid a and the lower density matching fluid B. The optical polymer liquid C forms a lens shape with the diameter of 50-100mm in the fluid forming die 2, the optical polymer liquid C is solidified by heating or ultraviolet light after forming, and an optical lens with the refractive index of 1.5-1.8 is formed after the optical polymer liquid C is solidified and is used for a spectacle lens blank, and a solidifying device 3 is selected according to the solidifying condition of the optical polymer liquid C to solidify the optical polymer liquid C in the fluid forming die 2. The upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B have the same density as the optical polymer liquid C, do not generate any chemical reaction with the optical polymer liquid C, and do not influence the normal solidification of the optical polymer liquid C.
The upper transparent window 121 and the lower transparent window 131 are made of high transparent glass, and when the ultraviolet light-cured optical polymer liquid C is used, the ultraviolet lamp irradiates the optical polymer liquid C in the fluid forming mold 2 through the upper transparent window 121 and the lower transparent window 131, and when the heat-cured optical polymer liquid C is used, the optical polymer liquid C is heated and cured by hot water in the side wall sandwich structure 110 of the fluid forming tank 11.
The pressure of the upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B in the upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102 is regulated, the upper curved surface and the lower curved surface of the optical lens formed after the optical polymer liquid C is solidified are regulated, different pressure differences of the upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102 are formed by regulating the amount of the upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B injected into the upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102, the densities of the upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B are the same as those of the optical polymer liquid C, any chemical reaction does not occur with the optical polymer liquid C, and the normal solidification of the optical polymer liquid C is not affected.
The invention uses thermosetting optical polymer liquid C, the curing device 3 is a water bath heating pot, a container 1 containing a fluid forming die 2, an upper density matching liquid A, a lower density matching liquid B and the optical polymer liquid C is immersed in the water bath heating pot for heating, circulating hot water is injected into a side wall sandwich structure 110 of a fluid forming tank 11 through an upper circulating water inlet and outlet joint 111 and a lower circulating water inlet and outlet joint 112, the optical polymer liquid C is heated and cured through hot water in the side wall sandwich structure 110 of the fluid forming tank 11 when the thermosetting optical polymer liquid C is used, ultraviolet light is used for curing the optical polymer liquid C, and an ultraviolet curing lamp is used for uniformly irradiating the optical polymer liquid C for curing.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical polymer liquid C is selected from PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) with a chemical formula of (C 2H6 OSi) n, and the main component of PDMS is mixed with a curing agent and then post-cured at 60 ℃ for 4 hours. Water is mixed with glycerin with different concentrations to prepare an upper density matching liquid A and a lower density matching liquid B. This combination can achieve any density between 0.997g/mL of water and 1.263g/mL of pure glycerol.
The optical polymer liquid C is injected into the fluid-forming die 2, and at this time, the fluid-forming die 2 filled with the liquid divides the inner cavity of the container 1 into an upper seal cavity 101 and a lower seal cavity 102, and the upper seal cavity 101 and the lower seal cavity 102 form a seal cavity.
An annular fluid forming die 2 with the diameter of 70mm and the height of 10mm is selected, an annular surrounding surface with the diameter of 70mm is formed in the fluid forming die 2, is positioned in the center of the container 1 and is fixed in the container 1.
An optical polymer liquid having a density ρ is injected into a fluid forming die 2 having a radius R 0 and a vertical thickness d. The optical polymer liquid C is pinned on the edge of the fluid forming die 2, axisymmetric, and the liquid interfaces at the top and the bottom are denoted as h t and h b, and the curved surface is symmetric (h t＝hb) for the disappearance of potential energy under the microgravity condition.
The energy of the system can be expressed as:
Volume constraint:
In the above expression, γ is the interfacial energy between two liquids, λ is the lagrange multiplier, Δρ= |ρ lens-ρim | is set, and the left side of the expression represents the average curvature of the surface, which is a constant, determined by the volume of the injected liquid. For a circular boundary, the shape of the interface is a spherical cap, and as can be seen from the above, the target shape can be formed by changing the water injection volume.
And the shape of each interface can be described as:
The upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102 are respectively filled with an upper density matching liquid A and a lower density matching liquid B, the amounts of the upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B which are filled are adjusted, the pressures of the upper density matching liquid A and the lower density matching liquid B in the upper sealing cavity 101 and the lower sealing cavity 102 are regulated, and the upper curved surface and the lower curved surface of the optical lens formed after the optical polymer liquid C is solidified are adjusted.
And heating and curing the optical polymer liquid C to form the smooth lens with a smooth surface.
In some embodiments, the optical polymer liquid C is cured by light, and the curing device 3 uses an ultraviolet curing lamp to uniformly irradiate the optical polymer liquid C to uniformly cure the same.
In some embodiments, control of the pressure differential of upper and lower density matching fluids a and B may be achieved by adjusting the level of upper and lower density matching fluids a and B within connecting upper and lower seal chambers 101 and 102.
As shown in fig. 2, in the use of the fluid-forming die 2, PDMS is also selected for the optical polymer liquid C.
The optical polymer liquid C is injected into the fluid forming mold 2, and at this time, the fluid forming mold 2 filled with the liquid divides the inner cavity of the fluid forming tank 11 into an upper sealed cavity 101 and a lower sealed cavity 102, and the upper sealed cavity 101 and the lower sealed cavity 102 form a sealed cavity.
An annular fluid forming die 2 with the diameter of 70mm and the height of 10mm is selected, and an annular surrounding surface with the diameter of 70mm is formed inside the fluid forming die 2.
The upper and lower density matching liquids A and B are respectively injected into the upper and lower sealing cavities 101 and 102 through the upper and lower pressurizing connectors 122 and 113, the amounts of the upper and lower density matching liquids A and B are adjusted, the pressures of the upper and lower density matching liquids A and B in the upper and lower sealing cavities 101 and 102 are regulated, and the upper and lower curved surfaces of the optical lens formed after the optical polymer liquid C is solidified are adjusted.
The upper circulating water inlet and outlet joint 111 and the lower circulating water inlet and outlet joint 112 continuously circulate hot water at 60 ℃ in the sandwich structure of the side wall of the fluid forming tank 11, and heat the temperatures of the upper density matching liquid A, the lower density matching liquid B and the optical polymer liquid C in the fluid forming die 2 in the fluid forming tank 11.
After heating for a period of time, the optical polymer liquid C solidifies to form a smooth lens with a smooth surface.
In some embodiments, the optical polymer liquid C is cured using light, and the optical polymer liquid C is uniformly irradiated through the upper transparent window 121 and the lower transparent window 131 using an ultraviolet curing lamp, so that it is uniformly cured.
The invention solves the problems of complexity of the manufacturing process and the problem that the required professional equipment prevents the optical lens from being rapidly molded, can realize rapid molding and manufacturing of the lens without grinding, surface polishing and the like, and can change the mirror surface of the optical liquid through the size of a fluid molding die, the volume of the optical polymer liquid and the pressure of density matching liquid in an upper sealing cavity and a lower sealing cavity.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above embodiments may be modified or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN202411857405.7A CN119610741B (en) | 2024-12-17 | 2024-12-17 | Fluid forming-based optical lens direct forming method and system |
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| CN202411857405.7A CN119610741B (en) | 2024-12-17 | 2024-12-17 | Fluid forming-based optical lens direct forming method and system |
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Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08325033A (en) * | 1995-05-30 | 1996-12-10 | Tokyo Denshi Yakin Kenkyusho:Kk | Optical lens for infrared and infrared sensor module |
| TWI401155B (en) * | 2008-02-01 | 2013-07-11 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Manufacture method of optical components |
| WO2012069689A1 (en) * | 2010-11-24 | 2012-05-31 | Nokia Corporation | Optically refracting surfaces |
| KR20160006664A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2016-01-19 | 원포커스 테크날러지 엘엘씨 | Manufacturing process of an accomodating soft contact lens |
| KR20200047614A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2020-05-07 | 코닝 인코포레이티드 | Liquid lens |
| CN108479870A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | A method of utilizing light-catalyzed reaction and liquid hoodle model realization liquid drop movement |
| WO2019226778A1 (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2019-11-28 | Corning Incorporated | Devices with liquid lenses and test methods and assemblies for testing devices with liquid lenses |
| EP3903128A2 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-11-03 | Optotune Consumer AG | Lens comprising an adjustable optical power |
| CN114236652A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-25 | 四川大学 | Electromagnetic drive zooming deflection liquid lens |
| CN117369033A (en) * | 2023-12-08 | 2024-01-09 | 四川大学 | Filling type liquid lens and method for ultrasonic focusing |
| CN119085884A (en) * | 2024-07-24 | 2024-12-06 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Liquid bridge optical observation system and method for observing fluid internal temperature field using the same |
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