CN119675679B - An active suppression method for narrowband interference of partial discharge ultrasonic signals - Google Patents
An active suppression method for narrowband interference of partial discharge ultrasonic signalsInfo
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- CN119675679B CN119675679B CN202411877993.0A CN202411877993A CN119675679B CN 119675679 B CN119675679 B CN 119675679B CN 202411877993 A CN202411877993 A CN 202411877993A CN 119675679 B CN119675679 B CN 119675679B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种局放超声波信号窄带干扰的主动抑制方法，方法包括：确定超声波传感器和噪声传感器在GIS外壁的布置位置；在实验室环境下，通过超声波传感器对局放信号进行采集；在现场环境下，通过超声波传感器对混合噪声的局放超声波信号进行采集；通过噪声传感器对噪声信号进行采集；将采集后的噪声信号输入频谱仪中进行频谱分析；对频域中明显的窄带噪声频段进行提取，确定其频段以及相位抖动；通过窄带噪声干扰的抑制公式针对存在窄带噪声的频段进行窄带噪声的主动抑制。本发明考提出了适用于现场环境下针对GIS设备的超声波局放信号对窄带干扰的主动抑制方法，保证了干扰抑制的准确性及可靠性。
The present invention provides a method for actively suppressing narrowband interference from partial discharge ultrasonic signals. The method comprises: determining the placement of ultrasonic sensors and noise sensors on the outer wall of a GIS; collecting partial discharge signals using the ultrasonic sensors in a laboratory environment; collecting partial discharge ultrasonic signals mixed with noise using the ultrasonic sensors in a field environment; collecting noise signals using the noise sensors; inputting the collected noise signals into a spectrum analyzer for spectrum analysis; extracting significant narrowband noise frequency bands in the frequency domain to determine their frequency bands and phase jitter; and actively suppressing narrowband noise in frequency bands where narrowband noise exists using a narrowband noise interference suppression formula. The present invention proposes a method for actively suppressing narrowband interference from ultrasonic partial discharge signals of GIS equipment in a field environment, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of interference suppression.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ultrasonic sensor verification and interference suppression, in particular to a method for actively suppressing narrowband interference in a received partial discharge signal of an ultrasonic sensor.
Background
Partial discharge is a major cause of insulation degradation of electrical equipment and is also an important characterization of insulation degradation. For the safety of the overall operation of the system, partial discharge detection of electrical equipment is required, wherein partial discharge detection using an ultrasonic sensor is widely used because of its high sensitivity and the advantage of accurate positioning using time delay. However, under actual working conditions, because the ultrasonic sensor is placed on the outer wall of the GIS equipment for a long time, the external environment is complex, the sensor has a high probability of wearing, rusting or noise interference of the transformer substation environment, the conditions can influence the accuracy and sensitivity of the sensor for receiving the partial discharge signal, and serious consequences can not be found in time after the electrical equipment fails, so that the sensor is necessary to be checked regularly
Under actual working conditions, the accuracy and reliability of the checking result are often reduced due to the influence of complex background noise when the ultrasonic sensor is checked. These noise disturbances may originate from device operation, environmental factors, or other electromagnetic activities. To ensure timely early warning of equipment failure, these background noise must be detected and suppressed. By researching the active suppression method of the narrow-band noise interference, a foundation can be provided for the verification method of the ultrasonic sensor under the environment influenced by noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the applicability of the partial discharge ultrasonic signals aiming at GIS equipment to narrowband interference is poor and the accuracy and the reliability of interference suppression are restricted in the prior art.
The invention adopts the following technical proposal to solve the technical problems, and the active suppression method of the narrow-band interference of the partial discharge ultrasonic signal comprises the following steps:
S1, arranging a first ultrasonic sensor and a second ultrasonic sensor at the outer wall of a GIS tube in a laboratory environment with less external interference, injecting partial discharge pulses into the first ultrasonic sensor as an acoustic emission sensor, exciting the first ultrasonic sensor to send partial discharge signals, controlling the second ultrasonic sensor to detect and store the partial discharge ultrasonic signals of the GIS tube, and obtaining the maximum value of purer partial discharge ultrasonic signals;
S2, arranging a third ultrasonic sensor and a fourth ultrasonic sensor at the outer wall of the GIS tube in a field environment, injecting partial discharge pulses into the third ultrasonic sensor, exciting the third ultrasonic sensor to send partial discharge signals, controlling the fourth ultrasonic sensor to detect and store partial discharge ultrasonic signals of mixed background noise of the GIS tube, and obtaining the maximum value of the partial discharge ultrasonic signals of the mixed background noise;
s3, arranging a noise sensor, detecting and storing a background noise signal of the GIS tube by using the noise sensor, and processing to obtain a maximum value of the background noise signal;
s4, collecting noise signals by using the noise sensor, carrying out spectrum analysis on the noise signals, carrying out narrow-band noise judgment, and determining the frequency band range of the narrow-band noise;
S5, when the spectrum analysis confirms that the noise signal is the background noise, determining and storing a frequency band where the background noise is located and the phase jitter, and processing to obtain a background noise suppression formula;
S6, utilizing the background noise suppression formula, integrating to obtain narrow-band noise suppression waveform data, and storing the background noise suppression waveform data in the upper computer;
And S7, mixing the partial discharge ultrasonic signals mixed with the background noise and the background noise suppression waveform data to obtain denoised partial discharge ultrasonic signals.
The invention considers the active suppression strategy of the local discharge ultrasonic signal to the narrow-band interference suitable for the GIS equipment in the field environment, can avoid being influenced by complex background noise when the ultrasonic sensor is verified, and improves the verification result and the accuracy and reliability of the interference suppression operation. The method can remove the on-site narrowband interference. In particular, the invention is directed to denoising in the presence of both noise and partial discharge in the field.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S1, according to a preset layout position and a layout distance, a first ultrasonic sensor and a second ultrasonic sensor are arranged on the outer wall of a GIS pipe, and the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor are arranged on a horizontal line.
The second ultrasonic sensor is arranged at a distance from the first ultrasonic sensor l according to the following logic, calculated by:
Wherein ρ 1 is the density of sulfur hexafluoride in the GIS tube, ρ 2 is the density of air, v is the propagation speed of sound in air, 340m/s is generally taken, and t r is the falling time of the partial discharge pulse injected into the ultrasonic sensor.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S1, a partial discharge pulse is injected into a first ultrasonic sensor to excite the first ultrasonic sensor to send out a partial discharge signal;
controlling a second ultrasonic sensor to detect purer partial discharge ultrasonic signals of the GIS tube;
And storing the partial discharge ultrasonic signals in an upper computer, and processing to obtain a purer partial discharge ultrasonic signal maximum value U 1.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S2, the preset layout positions and distances of the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor are the same as those of the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor in S1.
Injecting partial discharge pulses into the third ultrasonic sensor to excite the third ultrasonic sensor to send out partial discharge signals;
controlling a fourth ultrasonic sensor to detect partial discharge ultrasonic signals of mixed background noise of the GIS tube;
And storing the partial discharge ultrasonic signals in an upper computer, and processing to obtain a maximum value U 2 of the partial discharge ultrasonic signals mixed with background noise.
In a more specific aspect, in S3, a noise sensor is disposed at a mounting position of the fourth ultrasonic sensor.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S3, a noise sensor is controlled to detect a background noise signal of a GIS tube;
The background noise signal is stored in the upper computer and processed to obtain the maximum value U 3 of the background noise signal.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S4, a noise sensor is used for collecting noise signals, spectrum analysis is carried out on the noise signals, if the peak value of an image with a frequency band obtained by spectrum analysis is obviously higher than the white noise peak value of a full frequency band, and the noise amplitude of the rest frequency bands is similar to the white noise amplitude of the full frequency band, the existence of narrowband noise in the frequency band is confirmed, and the frequency band range of the narrowband noise is confirmed;
and testing by using a spectrometer to determine the phase jitter of the narrow-band noise in each frequency range.
The invention can provide a foundation for the verification method of the ultrasonic sensor under the environment influenced by noise by researching the active suppression method of the narrow-band noise interference. According to the method, after the attribute of the GIS equipment and the comparison of the noise signal and the partial discharge signal of the mixed noise are considered, the narrow-band noise is removed in a targeted mode through the determination of the narrow-band noise frequency band.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S4, if the spectrum analysis confirms that the noise signal is narrowband noise, determining a frequency band f 1、f2…fn where the narrowband noise is located and a phase jitter phi 1(t)、φ2(t)…φn (t), wherein n is the maximum number of the frequency bands of the narrowband noise;
And (3) saving the frequency band f 1、f2…fn and the phase jitter phi 1(t)、φ2(t)…φn (t) in an upper computer, and processing to obtain a background noise suppression formula.
In a more specific solution, the background noise suppression formula is expressed using the following logic:
Wherein U 1 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the second ultrasonic sensor, U 2 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the fourth ultrasonic sensor, U 3 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the noise sensor, a represents the outer diameter of the inner conductor of the GIS tube, b represents the inner diameter of the shell of the GIS tube, V represents the voltage level of the GIS tube, and SNR represents the signal-to-noise ratio.
In a more specific technical scheme, in S7, the denoised partial discharge ultrasonic signal k (t) is obtained by processing with the following logic:
k(t)=f(t)+g(t)
where f (t) represents the mixed narrowband noise partial discharge ultrasonic signal measured by the fourth ultrasonic sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention considers the active suppression strategy of the local discharge ultrasonic signal to the narrow-band interference suitable for the GIS equipment in the field environment, can avoid being influenced by complex background noise when the ultrasonic sensor is verified, and improves the verification result and the accuracy and reliability of the interference suppression operation.
Since noise interference in the prior art is derived from device operation, environmental factors, or other electromagnetic activity. The invention detects the background noise, identifies the type and the characteristic of the noise, and ensures the timely early warning of equipment faults.
The invention can provide a foundation for the verification method of the ultrasonic sensor under the environment influenced by noise by researching the active suppression method of the narrow-band noise interference.
The invention solves the technical problems of the prior art that the applicability of the partial discharge ultrasonic signals aiming at GIS equipment to narrow-band interference is poor and the accuracy and reliability of interference suppression are restricted.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of basic steps of an active suppression method for narrowband interference of a partial discharge ultrasonic signal in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic sensor arrangement in a laboratory environment according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic sensor in a field environment according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a noise sensor arrangement according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a partial discharge ultrasonic pulse signal according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a spectrum chart of the background noise signal measured by the noise sensor in the field test of the embodiment 1 of the present invention after spectral analysis;
fig. 7 is a phase diagram of a background noise signal measured by a noise sensor in a field test according to embodiment 1 of the present invention after spectral analysis.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the active suppression method for the narrowband interference of the partial discharge ultrasonic signal provided by the invention comprises the following basic steps:
Step S1, arranging a first ultrasonic sensor and a second ultrasonic sensor at the outer wall of a GIS tube in a laboratory environment, injecting partial discharge pulses into the first ultrasonic sensor as an acoustic emission sensor to excite the first ultrasonic sensor to send partial discharge signals, and detecting and storing the partial discharge ultrasonic signals of the GIS tube by the second ultrasonic sensor to obtain the maximum value of purer partial discharge ultrasonic signals.
As shown in fig. 2, in the laboratory environment of the present embodiment, a first ultrasonic sensor is disposed on the outer wall at a distance of 1 from any port l of the GIS tube, and a second ultrasonic sensor is disposed on the outer wall at a distance from the first ultrasonic sensor l, so that the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor are on a horizontal line. Wherein l 1 is 200mm, and l is obtained by calculation.
The second ultrasonic sensor is arranged at a distance from the first ultrasonic sensor l according to the following logic, calculated by:
Wherein ρ 1 is the density of sulfur hexafluoride in the GIS tube, ρ 2 is the density of air, v is the propagation speed of sound in air, 340m/s is generally taken, and t r is the falling time of the partial discharge pulse injected into the ultrasonic sensor.
The first ultrasonic sensor is injected with a partial discharge pulse as shown in fig. 5 to excite the first ultrasonic sensor to send a partial discharge signal, the second ultrasonic sensor is controlled to detect purer partial discharge ultrasonic signals of the GIS tube, data are stored in the upper computer, and purer partial discharge ultrasonic signals U 1 of the GIS tube are obtained through processing.
Step S2, testing in the field environment of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, where the preset layout positions and distances of the third ultrasonic sensor and the fourth ultrasonic sensor are the same as those of the first ultrasonic sensor and the second ultrasonic sensor in step S1. And (3) injecting a partial discharge pulse to the third ultrasonic sensor as shown in fig. 5 to excite the third ultrasonic sensor to send a partial discharge signal, controlling the fourth ultrasonic sensor to detect the partial discharge ultrasonic signal of the mixed background noise of the GIS tube, storing the data in an upper computer, and processing to obtain the maximum value U 2 of the partial discharge ultrasonic signal of the mixed background noise.
Step S3, as shown in FIG. 4, arranging a noise sensor at the outer wall of the GIS tube, detecting and storing the background noise signal of the GIS tube, and obtaining the maximum value of the background noise signal;
In the present embodiment, the noise sensor is disposed at the same position as the fourth ultrasonic sensor in the aforementioned step S2. And controlling a noise sensor to detect the background noise signal of the GIS tube, storing the data in an upper computer, and processing to obtain the maximum value U 3 of the background noise signal.
S4, collecting noise signals by utilizing the noise sensor, performing spectrum analysis on the received noise signals, and confirming that the noise is narrowband noise and the frequency range of the narrowband noise;
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the noise sensor collects a noise signal for 10s, in this embodiment, spectrum analysis is performed on the received noise signal, and if an image obtained by the spectrum analysis has a higher peak value of one or more frequency bands and the noise amplitude of the rest frequency bands is similar to the white noise amplitude appearing in the full frequency band, the noise is confirmed to be narrowband noise, and the frequency band range of the narrowband noise is confirmed. And determining the phase jitter of the narrow-band noise in each frequency range through a spectrometer test.
S5, when the spectrum analysis confirms that the acquired noise is the narrowband noise, determining and storing the frequency band and the phase jitter of the narrowband noise;
In this embodiment, if the spectrum analysis confirms that the acquired noise is narrowband noise, the frequency band f 1、f2…fn and the phase jitter phi 1(t)、φ2(t)…φn (t) where the narrowband noise is located are determined, and n is the maximum number of the frequency bands of the narrowband noise, and the data is stored in the upper computer. Obtaining a background noise suppression formula:
Wherein U 1 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the second ultrasonic sensor, U 2 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the fourth ultrasonic sensor, U 3 represents the maximum value of the signal received by the noise sensor, a represents the outer diameter of the inner conductor of the GIS tube, b represents the inner diameter of the shell of the GIS tube, V represents the voltage level of the GIS tube, and SNR represents the signal-to-noise ratio.
S6, calculating and integrating to obtain background noise suppression waveform data, and storing the waveform in an upper computer;
Step S7, mixing the partial discharge ultrasonic signal mixed with the background noise obtained in the step S2 with the background noise suppression waveform stored in the upper computer in the step S6 to obtain a denoised partial discharge ultrasonic signal k (t).
k(t)=f(t)+g(t)
Wherein f (t) represents the partial discharge ultrasonic signal of the mixed background noise measured by the fourth ultrasonic sensor.
In conclusion, the active suppression strategy of the partial discharge ultrasonic signal to the narrow-band interference suitable for the GIS equipment in the field environment is considered, the influence of complex background noise can be avoided when the ultrasonic sensor is verified, and the accuracy and the reliability of the verification result and the interference suppression operation are improved.
The invention can provide a foundation for the verification method of the ultrasonic sensor under the environment influenced by noise by researching the active suppression method of the narrow-band noise interference.
The invention solves the technical problems of the prior art that the applicability of the partial discharge ultrasonic signals aiming at GIS equipment to narrow-band interference is poor and the accuracy and reliability of interference suppression are restricted.
The foregoing embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, but not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalents may be substituted for parts of the technical features thereof, and that such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention in essence.
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