Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device which generates disturbance through airflow diffusion and ensures that the mixing area of the mixed materials is more uniform through a horn-shaped jet orifice structure.
The invention provides a fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device, which has the following technical scheme:
A fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device comprises a main channel, an auxiliary channel, a speed reducing plate and a controller;
the upper end of the main channel is provided with a fiber inlet for feeding fibers, and the lower end of the main channel is provided with a main discharge hole;
one end of the auxiliary channel is provided with a feed inlet for feeding the granular materials, and the other end of the auxiliary channel is provided with an auxiliary discharge outlet and is communicated with the main channel for feeding the granular materials into the main channel;
The width of the main channel below the auxiliary discharge port is larger than the width of the main channel above the auxiliary discharge port;
The two speed reducing plates are respectively connected to the two sides of the main discharge hole in a rotating way and used for increasing the opening size of the main discharge hole;
the controller is connected with the speed reducing plates and is used for controlling the rotation of the two speed reducing plates so as to change the size of an opening between the two speed reducing plates.
In summary, the technical scheme has the advantages that the fiber inlet of the main channel is used for being connected with the outlet of the short fiber generating device (such as an opener, a crusher and the like), the feeding hole of the auxiliary channel is used for being connected with the discharging hole of the weighing type feeding device, the mass of the fiber is smaller than that of the granule, the fiber and the granule are jointly discharged from the main discharging hole after being mixed in the main channel, the main channel is arranged in a variable diameter mode, and the air flow diffusion is induced to generate disturbance, so that the random dispersion effect of the fiber is enhanced, and the granule and the fiber can be uniformly impacted and wrapped in the main channel. After the mixed material reaches the horn mouth area formed by the speed reducing plate, the speed reducing plate increases the size of the main discharge hole, the air flow is reduced according to the Bernoulli equation, the light fiber immediately follows the speed reduction, but the particles with larger density are reduced more slowly than the air flow and the fibers due to the inertia action, so that the fibers and the particles which are wrapped together are separated, and finally, uniformly distributed scattered fibers and uniformly distributed particles are formed in the horn mouth area formed by the speed reducing plate. Thereby avoiding the problems of fiber aggregation and uneven particles frequently occurring in the industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main channel of a fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a controller of a fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a deceleration plate of a fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device;
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a vent of a fiber mixing and equipartition device.
Reference numerals are 10, a main channel, 11, a fiber inlet, 12, a main discharge hole, 20, an auxiliary channel, 21, a feed inlet, 22, an auxiliary discharge hole, 30, a speed reducing plate, 31, a bulge, 32, a vent hole, 33, a sliding rod, 34, a fixed edge, 35, a sealing disc, 36, a sealing ring sheet, 37, a sliding sheet, 40, a controller, 50, an airflow channel, 51, an air inlet, 52, an air outlet, 60, a base, 61 and a cross bar.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fiber mixing and uniformly distributing device comprises a main channel 10, an auxiliary channel 20, two speed reducing plates 30 and a controller 40, wherein a fiber inlet 11 for feeding fibers is formed at the upper end of the main channel 10, a main discharge hole 12 is formed at the lower end of the main channel, a feed hole 21 for feeding particles is formed at one end of the auxiliary channel 20, an auxiliary discharge hole 22 is formed at the other end of the auxiliary channel 20 and communicated with the main channel 10 for feeding particles into the main channel 10, the width of the main channel 10 below the auxiliary discharge hole 22 is larger than the width of the main channel 10 above the auxiliary discharge hole 22, the two speed reducing plates 30 are respectively connected to two sides of the main discharge hole 12 in a rotating mode and used for increasing the opening size of the main discharge hole 12, and the controller 40 is connected with the speed reducing plates 30 and used for controlling the two speed reducing plates 30 to rotate so as to change the opening size between the two speed reducing plates 30. The fiber inlet 11 of the main channel 10 is used for being connected with the outlet of a short fiber generating device (such as an opener, a crusher and the like), the feed inlet 21 of the auxiliary channel 20 is used for being connected with the discharge port of a weighing type feeding device, the mass of fibers is smaller than that of particles, the fibers and the particles are jointly discharged from the main discharge port 12 after being mixed in the main channel 10, and the main channel 10 is arranged in a variable diameter mode to induce airflow diffusion to generate disturbance, so that the random dispersion effect of the fibers is enhanced, and the particles and the fibers can be uniformly impacted and wrapped in the main channel 10. After the mixed material reaches the bell mouth area formed by the speed reducing plate 30, the speed reducing plate 30 increases the size of the main discharge port 12, the air flow is reduced according to Bernoulli equation, the light fiber immediately follows the speed reduction, but the particles with higher density are reduced more slowly than the air flow and the fibers due to the inertia action, so that the fibers and the particles which are wrapped together are separated, and finally, the uniformly distributed scattered fibers and the uniformly distributed particles are formed in the bell mouth area formed by the speed reducing plate 30. Thereby avoiding the problems of fiber aggregation and uneven particles frequently occurring in the industry.
Fig. 1 is a cross-section of the device, the lateral direction being defined as the width direction in fig. 1, and the lateral direction being the length direction in fig. 2.
The air flow channel 50 is arranged at an acute angle to the upper end of the main channel 10, one end of the air flow channel 50 is provided with an air inlet 51 for entering air flow, the other end is provided with an air outlet 52 which is communicated with the main channel 10 and is used for introducing air flow into the main channel 10, and the air outlet 52 is arranged above the auxiliary discharging hole 22. The air flow channel 50 is used as a process cold air channel, the air inlet 51 is connected with the fan and the air conditioner evaporator in series, the fiber inlet 11 generates negative pressure through the acute angle formed by the process wind direction and the vertical channel, and the light fiber of the fiber inlet 11 is induced to move downwards rapidly, so that the disturbance of the fiber and the particle material in the large-diameter area below the main channel 10 is larger, the depressurization is more obvious when the fiber and the particle material enter the area of the deceleration plate 30, and the fiber and the particle material are distributed more uniformly.
The air flow passage 50 is formed at an angle of thirty degrees with respect to the upper end side direction of the main passage 10. Specifically, the air flow channel 50 includes a first connection section and a first connection section, the air inlet 51 is located at one side of the first connection section away from the first connection section, and the first connection section is disposed in a horizontal direction, so that the connection between the serial fan and the air conditioning evaporator is facilitated, the air outlet 52 is located at one side of the first connection section away from the first connection section, and the first connection section is at an angle of thirty degrees with one side direction of the upper end of the main channel 10, so as to guide the air flow to obliquely enter the main channel 10 downwards.
The sub-passage 20 forms an acute angle with the upper end side of the main passage 10.
Preferably, the sub-passage 20 is at an angle of thirty degrees to the upper end side direction of the main passage 10. Specifically, the auxiliary channel 20 comprises a second access section and a second connection end, the feeding port 21 is located at one side of the second access section away from the second connection section, the second access section is arranged in a horizontal direction, so that the connection of the short fiber generating device is facilitated, the auxiliary discharging port 22 is located at one side of the second connection section away from the second access section, the second connection section and one side direction of the upper end of the main channel 10 are arranged at an acute angle, and the range of the acute angle is 10-45 degrees, and is optimally 30 degrees.
The width of the main channel 10 below the secondary discharge opening 22 is less than twice the width of the main channel 10 above the secondary discharge opening 22. The width of the main channel 10 above the auxiliary discharge port 22 is a, the width of the main channel 10 below the auxiliary discharge port 22 is b, the width b satisfies that 2a is larger than or equal to b is larger than or equal to a, and the width of the main channel 10 below the auxiliary discharge port 22 is too large or too small to influence mixing, so that b=1.5a is optimal. The distance between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the air outlet 52 is greater than or equal to three times of the width of the main channel 10 above the auxiliary discharging hole 22, namely, the distance between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the air outlet 52 is c, which satisfies that c is not less than 3a, so that the arrangement can enable the fibers to have enough time and distance between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the air outlet 52 to be accelerated to the same speed as the air speed, the greater the width above the auxiliary discharging hole 22 is, the more the feeding is, and the greater the distance between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the air outlet 52 is correspondingly.
The main channel 10 can be disconnected between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the air outlet 52, and between the auxiliary discharging hole 22 and the connection part of the speed reducing plate 30, and is fixedly connected through a flange, and the main channel 10 can be changed into two three-way parts by disconnection, so that the processing and the assembly are convenient.
The device also comprises a base 60, wherein the base 60 is distributed on two sides of the speed reducing plate 30 and is connected with the main channel 10 to support the main channel 10. The lower ends of the bases 60 are used for being fixed on a net forming machine, the space between the bases 60 is used for enabling the speed reducing plate 30 to rotate, and the bases 60 are also used for shielding two sides of the speed reducing plate 30.
The base 60 is provided with a cross bar 61 on the outer side of the speed reducing plate 30, the controller 40 is a telescopic piece, one end of the telescopic piece is rotatably arranged on the cross bar 61, and the other end of the telescopic piece is movably connected with the speed reducing plate 30. The main channel 10, the auxiliary channel 20 and the air flow channel 50 all extend along the length direction to form a long and narrow channel, the speed reducing plates 30 are correspondingly arranged along the extending direction of the main discharge hole 12, the outer sides of the speed reducing plates 30 on two sides are respectively connected with a plurality of telescopic rods, one ends of the telescopic members are rotationally arranged on the cross rods 61 and cannot move, the telescopic members and the speed reducing plates 30 are connected through two circular rings, so that the telescopic members can control the opening and closing degree of the speed reducing plates 30 through telescopic operation to be electromagnet or electric pull rods and other parts. The controller 40 may also be configured to operate in other manners, such as a motor and a cam to open or close the speed-reducing plate 30. The opposite sides of the two speed reducing plates are the inner sides, and the opposite sides are the outer sides.
The included angle of one side of the speed reducing plate 30 to the vertical direction ranges from ten degrees to thirty degrees. The use modes of the speed reducing plate 30 are two, one is a fixed included angle, the other is a variable included angle, and the fixed included angle enables the controller 40 to control the speed reducing plate 30 to be kept at a certain angle and unchanged, so that a stable splitting effect is achieved. The controller 40 can also control the speed reducing plate 30 to repeatedly open and close within a specified angle range, so that the speed reducing plate 30 can better scatter and split the mixed materials when the angle is enlarged, and the effect of more uniform mixing is achieved.
The flow velocity of the air flow in the air flow channel 50 is v, the height of the speed reducing plate 30 is l, the controller 40 controls the speed reducing plate 30 to complete one-time opening and closing within the included angle range within the time t, and the time t satisfies the following relation;
Where a is the width of the main channel 10 above the auxiliary discharge port 22, b is the width of the main channel 10 below the auxiliary discharge port 22, α is the angle between the speed reducing plate 30 and the vertical direction and is selected to be 30 °, and l is the height of the speed reducing plate 30.
The velocity of the air flow channel 50 acting on the fiber is greater than the velocity of the fiber falling down itself, so that the velocity of the fiber after being driven by the air flow is not greater than the velocity of the air flow, and after the air flow enters the main channel 10 in the area below the auxiliary feed port 21, the velocity of the air flow is as follows because the width of the main channel 10 becomes largeWherein a is the width of the main channel 10 above the secondary discharge opening 22, b is the width of the main channel 10 below the secondary discharge opening 22, and the mixing speed of the fiber and the particle material is not more thanThe height of the speed reducing plate 30 in the vertical direction isWhere l is the height of the speed-reducing plate 30, α is the angle between the speed-reducing plate 30 and the vertical, the angle alpha is chosen to be 30 ° for the calculation of the shortest time, and the fastest time t for the air flow to pass through the area of the speed-reducing plate 30 without a change in speed isBecause the openings between the speed reducing plates 30 are enlarged, the time for the air flow or the mixed material to pass through the speed reducing plates 30 is less than the time t, so that the speed reducing plates 30 can be opened and closed once within the time t, and all the mixed materials passing through the area of the speed reducing plates 30 can be scattered and split, thereby achieving the effect of enabling the mixed materials to be mixed more uniformly.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, opposite sides of the two speed reduction plates 30 are provided with a plurality of protrusions 31. When the air stream entrains fibers and particles flowing out of the main discharge port 12 of the main channel 10 and passes through the area between the speed reduction plates 30, wall-attached flow is formed on the near wall surface of the speed reduction plates 30 due to the viscosity of the air stream. The coanda flow will develop and enhance and will tend to randomly peel off as the wall of the velocity reduction plate 30 travels downward, creating random turbulence and thus affecting the uniformity of the underlying product. In order to eliminate the influence of wall attaching flow, this patent is provided with a plurality of convex protruding 31 on the speed-down board 30, also can only set up in the upper half section, through protruding 31 to the interference effect of wall attaching flow, let wall attaching flow just be destroyed by the interference at the initial development stage, peel off in advance, avoid producing bigger disturbance after its development reinforcing to the homogeneity of final product has been guaranteed. The protrusions 31 can be in any shape, preferably semi-circular protrusions 31, the protrusions 31 are arranged in an array in the horizontal direction, and are arranged in a staggered array in the vertical direction, so that three nearest nonlinear protrusions 31 are arranged in an equilateral triangle, the semi-circle diameter of the protrusions 31 is 5mm, the height of the protrusions 31 is 1-2 mm, and the relation between the center distance e of the protrusions 31 in the horizontal direction and the diameter d of the convex bottom circle is 2 d.ltoreq.e.ltoreq.3d.
The upper end of the speed reducing plate 30 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 32. After the mixed material formed by the fibers and the particles is sprayed out from the main discharge hole 12, in order to enable the mixed material to be rapidly depressurized in the area of the speed reducing plate 30, the vent holes 32 are formed in the upper end of the speed reducing plate, so that the outside air can enter the area between the speed reducing plates from the vent holes 32, a better depressurization effect is achieved, and the mixed material is dispersed more uniformly.
The air vent 32 is internally provided with a sliding rod 33 extending along the axial direction, a fixed rib 34 extends from one end of the inner side of the sliding rod 33 to the inner wall of the air vent 32, a circular sealing disc 35 is arranged at one end of the outer side of the sliding rod 33, an annular sealing disc 36 is arranged at one end of the outer side of the air vent 32, the diameter of one end of the outer side of the air vent 32 is smaller than that of one end of the inner side, the sliding rod 33 is sleeved with a sliding disc 37, the sliding disc 37 is concentric and is used for sliding along the sliding rod 33, the diameter of a central circular hole of the sliding disc 37 is smaller than that of the sealing disc 35, the diameter of an outer ring of the sliding disc 37 is larger than that of an inner hole of the sealing disc 36 and smaller than that of the air vent 32, when the sliding disc 37 moves to one end of the outer side of the sliding rod 33, the air vent 32 can be blocked by the sliding disc 37 through air flow. Because of the arrangement of the sealing disc 35 and the sealing disc 36, concentric holes are formed outside the vent hole 32 and can be completely covered by the sliding sheet 37. When the speed reducing plate adopts a fixed included angle, the sliding piece 37 is always positioned on the inner side of the sliding rod 33 due to air pressure, and the vent hole 32 is always in an opened state and cannot be changed. When the speed reducing plate adopts the mode of changing the contained angle, the speed reducing plate is in the process of outwards opening, outside air current can enter the region between the pressure reducing plates through the vent holes 32, and at the moment, the sliding piece 37 is blown to one end of the inner side of the sliding rod 33 by the air current, and the vent holes 32 are in an open state. The process of inward folding the deceleration plate, the sliding piece 37 can slide to the outer side end of the sliding rod 33 due to inertia, and the ventilation hole 32 is in a closed state at this time, so that the mixed material is prevented from going out of the ventilation hole 32.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.