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CN119890918A - Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking - Google Patents

Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119890918A
CN119890918A CN202510043086.4A CN202510043086A CN119890918A CN 119890918 A CN119890918 A CN 119890918A CN 202510043086 A CN202510043086 A CN 202510043086A CN 119890918 A CN119890918 A CN 119890918A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
whispering gallery
microcavity
external cavity
locking
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CN202510043086.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈景标
潘多
张旭
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Peking University
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Peking University
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Priority to CN202510043086.4A priority Critical patent/CN119890918A/en
Publication of CN119890918A publication Critical patent/CN119890918A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/1042—Optical microcavities, e.g. cavity dimensions comparable to the wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/06—Arrangements for controlling the laser output parameters, e.g. by operating on the active medium
    • H01S5/068—Stabilisation of laser output parameters
    • H01S5/06808—Stabilisation of laser output parameters by monitoring the electrical laser parameters, e.g. voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
    • H01S5/14—External cavity lasers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking, comprising an external cavity laser, an electro-optical modulator, whispering gallery microcavity, a photoelectric detector, a lock-in amplifying module and a servo controller, wherein the external cavity laser outputs light to the electro-optical modulator, increases frequency sidebands based on the electro-optical modulator, inputs the frequency sidebands to the whispering gallery microcavity, emits light signals from the whispering gallery microcavity, converts the light signals into electric signals based on the photoelectric detector, the electric signal is used for generating an error signal based on the phase-locked amplifying module and is used for adjusting parameters of the servo controller and locking the frequency of the output light of the external cavity laser to the micro-cavity resonant frequency, the problems that the existing laser is huge in size and inconvenient to carry, and because the FP cavity has high requirements on a high-reflectivity lens, a high-precision cavity regulator and a high-stability controller, the manufacturing and maintenance cost is high, and the laser with a narrow linewidth can be difficult to carry are solved through the structure.

Description

Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical devices, in particular to a micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking.
Background
The narrow linewidth technology mainly reduces the frequency spectrum width of a laser through various means to enable the frequency spectrum width to approach to single frequency output, and is generally used in the fields of high-precision measurement, quantum computation, optical atomic clocks, laser cooling and the like.
Linewidth lasers achieve very high coherence and accuracy by reducing noise and stabilizing the frequency, PDH (round-Drever-Ha l) locking is a frequency stabilization technique used to precisely lock the frequency of the laser to the resonance frequency of the fabry-perot cavity (FP cavity);
The PDH locking technique modulates the laser frequency to include a main frequency and two sidebands (two frequency components formed by modulating the frequency above and below the main frequency) by using a phase modulation technique, and when the laser is incident into the FP cavity, if the main frequency of the laser does not completely coincide with the resonance frequency of the FP cavity, reflected light of a frequency shift is generated in the cavity, and by analyzing the phase information of the reflected light, an error signal indicating the deviation direction and amplitude of the laser frequency with respect to the resonance frequency of the FP cavity can be generated. The Free Spectral Range (FSR) of the FP cavity determines the discrete frequency spacing allowed to pass, while the quality factor (Q factor) of the cavity determines the selectivity and linewidth compression capability of these frequencies.
The prior art compresses the linewidth of laser to an extremely narrow range by optimizing the design of the FP cavity, but the FP cavity with a high quality factor is extremely sensitive to the environment, and the change of temperature, vibration and the like can greatly cause frequency drift to cause unstable output, so that the FP cavity is usually subjected to strict temperature control and vibration isolation to cause huge volume and inconvenient transportation, and the FP cavity has higher manufacturing and maintenance cost due to higher requirements on a high-reflectivity lens, a high-precision cavity regulator and a high-stability controller.
Therefore, there is a need for a micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking to overcome the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a miniature narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking, which solves the problems of huge volume, inconvenient transportation, and difficulty in generating portable narrow linewidth laser due to high requirements of an FP cavity on a high-reflectivity lens, a high-precision cavity regulator and a high-stability controller and high manufacturing and maintenance cost.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a micro narrow linewidth laser system based on whispering gallery microcavity locking, which includes:
The device comprises an external cavity laser, an electro-optical modulator, an echo wall microcavity, a photoelectric detector, a lock-in amplifying module and a servo controller;
The external cavity laser outputs light to the electro-optical modulator, frequency sidebands are added based on the electro-optical modulator, the light signals are input to the echo wall microcavity, the echo wall microcavity emits the light signals, the light signals are converted into electric signals based on the photoelectric detector, the electric signals generate error signals based on the lock-in amplifying module, and the error signals are used for adjusting parameters of the servo controller and locking the frequency of the output light of the external cavity laser to microcavity resonance frequency.
As an improvement of the present invention, the external cavity laser includes:
the laser comprises an interference filter, a laser diode, a collimating lens and a cat eye structure, wherein light output by the laser diode sequentially passes through the collimating lens, the interference filter and the cat eye structure to form optical feedback, and the central wavelength of the laser diode is adjusted to change the wavelength of output laser.
As an improvement of the invention, the diameter of the whispering gallery microcavity is set to 9.5mm, the surface root mean square roughness of the whispering gallery microcavity is set to 0.26n, and the whispering gallery microcavity adopts MgF 2 crystal whispering gallery microcavity.
As an improvement of the invention, the optical volume of the laser generated based on the external cavity laser and the whispering gallery microcavity is less than 20cm×10cm×4cm.
As an improvement of the invention, the linewidth of the laser is narrowed to 3Hz based on the external cavity laser and the whispering gallery microcavity.
As an improvement of the present invention, the output stability of the laser is set to 6.0× -12 @0.1s based on the external cavity laser and the whispering gallery microcavity.
As still another improvement of the present invention, there is provided a method of generating a portable laser light based on a micro narrow linewidth laser, the method comprising the steps of:
S1, turning on a laser power supply of an external cavity laser, and setting the working temperature and the working current of the external cavity laser based on power supply control software;
s2, current scanning is added to the external cavity laser, output signals of the photoelectric detector are observed, and the signal to noise ratio of transmission signals after passing through the whispering gallery microcavity is adjusted;
s3, changing the working current and the working temperature when the external cavity laser operates, searching a transmission peak of a transmission extinction ratio, and gradually narrowing a scanning range;
S4, the modulating signal generator is turned on to output a modulating signal, and the phase of the modulating signal is adjusted to an error signal so as to obtain the maximum slope;
S5, starting a servo controller, changing parameters, closing scanning, reducing the amplitude of the error signal to the minimum value, and completing locking.
As an improvement of the invention, the miniature external cavity laser adopts micro-optical path technology, and the volume is reduced to 40mm multiplied by 35mm multiplied by 5mm.
As an improvement of the invention, the miniature external cavity laser can perform high-speed modulation.
With such a design, the invention has at least the following advantages:
the miniature narrow linewidth laser system based on whispering gallery microcavity locking reduces the volume of the whole set of equipment through a miniaturized external cavity laser and whispering gallery microcavity, and narrows the linewidth of generated laser to the order of ten hertz, the laser output stability reaches 6.0x -12 @0.1s, the whole optical volume is smaller than 20cm (length) ×10cm (width) ×4cm (height), the volume is reduced, the carrying is convenient, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost is reduced.
Drawings
The foregoing is merely an overview of the present invention, and the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic block flow diagram of a micro narrow linewidth laser system based on whispering gallery microcavity locking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block flow diagram of a micro narrow linewidth laser system based on whispering gallery microcavity locking in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the micro external cavity laser of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a whispering gallery microcavity according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a whispering gallery microcavity according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. the laser comprises an external cavity laser, 11, a diode, 12, a collimating lens, 13, an interference filter, 14, a cat eye structure, 2, an electro-optical modulator, 3, a polarization controller, 4, an echo wall microcavity, 5, a photoelectric detector, 6, a signal generator, 7, a servo controller, 8 and a laser power supply.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking is shown.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the micro narrow linewidth laser system locked based on the whispering gallery microcavity 4 in this embodiment includes an external cavity laser 1, an electro-optical modulator 2, the whispering gallery microcavity 4, a photodetector 5, a lock-in amplifying module and a servo controller 7, where the external cavity laser 1 outputs light to the electro-optical modulator 2, and adds a frequency sideband based on the electro-optical modulator 2, and inputs the light signal to the whispering gallery microcavity 4, the whispering gallery microcavity 4 emits the light signal, and converts the light signal into an electrical signal based on the photodetector 5, and the electrical signal generates an error signal based on the lock-in amplifying module, so as to adjust parameters of the servo controller 7, and lock the frequency of the light output from the external cavity laser 1 to the resonant frequency of the microcavity, the FP cavity with a high quality factor is extremely sensitive to the environment, and the temperature and vibration changes greatly cause frequency drift, resulting in unstable output, so that the small-volume external cavity laser 1 is used to generate the narrow linewidth laser by the above means.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the external cavity laser 1 includes an interference filter 13, a laser diode 11, a collimating lens 12, and a cat eye structure 14, light output by the laser diode 11 sequentially passes through the collimating lens 12, the interference filter 13, and the cat eye structure 14, so as to form optical feedback, an angle of the interference filter 13 is adjusted to change a wavelength of output laser, a diameter of the echo wall micro-cavity 4 is set to 9.5mm, a root mean square roughness of a surface of the echo wall micro-cavity 4 is set to 0.26n, the echo wall micro-cavity 4 adopts MgF 2 to form the echo wall micro-cavity 4, a micro-narrow linewidth laser system locked by the echo wall micro-cavity 4 adopts a PDH locking technology, a PDH locking technology basically adjusts a frequency sideband of output light of the external cavity laser 1 through an electro-optical modulator 2, the output light signal emitted from the echo wall micro-cavity 4 is detected by the electro-optical detector 5 to be converted into an electrical signal, an output frequency of the external cavity laser 1 is scanned, the external cavity laser 1 outputs a frequency close to the frequency of the echo wall micro-cavity 4, and the frequency is controlled by the phase-locked resonator module after the frequency is correspondingly amplified, and the resonant error is adjusted by the resonant error is generated by the resonant error controller 7.
It is understood that, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the linewidth of the laser light is narrowed to 3Hz and the output stability of the laser light is set to 6.0× -12 @0.1s based on the optical volume of the laser light generated by the external cavity laser 1 and the whispering gallery microcavity 4 being less than 20cm×10cm×4 cm.
In another aspect, the invention also discloses a method for generating portable laser based on a micro narrow linewidth laser system, comprising the following steps:
s1, a laser power supply 8 of an external cavity laser 1 is turned on, and the working temperature and the working current of the external cavity laser 1 are set based on power supply control software;
S2, current scanning is added to the external cavity laser 1, the output signal of the photoelectric detector 5 is observed, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the transmission signal after passing through the whispering gallery microcavity 4 is adjusted;
s3, changing working current and working temperature of the external cavity laser 1 during operation, searching a transmission peak of a transmission extinction ratio, and gradually narrowing a scanning range;
s4, the opening signal generator 6 outputs a modulation signal, and the phase of the modulation signal is adjusted to an error signal so as to obtain the maximum slope;
S5, starting the servo controller 7, changing parameters, closing scanning, reducing the amplitude of the error signal to the minimum value, and completing locking.
In this embodiment S1, the current value of the operation current of the external cavity laser 1 is greater than 40mA, and the operation temperature is set to 28 degrees celsius.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, and some simple modifications, equivalent variations or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art using the teachings disclosed herein, which fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A whispering gallery microcavity locking-based miniature narrow linewidth laser system, comprising:
The device comprises an external cavity laser, an electro-optical modulator, an echo wall microcavity, a photoelectric detector, a lock-in amplifying module and a servo controller;
The external cavity laser outputs light to the electro-optical modulator, frequency sidebands are added based on the electro-optical modulator, the light signals are input to the echo wall microcavity, the echo wall microcavity emits the light signals, the light signals are converted into electric signals based on the photoelectric detector, the electric signals generate error signals based on the lock-in amplifying module, and the error signals are used for adjusting parameters of the servo controller and locking the frequency of the output light of the external cavity laser to microcavity resonance frequency.
2. The whispering gallery microcavity locking based micro narrow linewidth laser system of claim 1, wherein the external cavity laser includes:
the laser comprises an interference filter, a laser diode, a collimating lens and a cat eye structure, wherein light output by the laser diode sequentially passes through the collimating lens, the interference filter and the cat eye structure to form optical feedback, and the central wavelength of the laser diode is adjusted to change the wavelength of output laser.
3. The micro narrow linewidth laser system based on whispering gallery microcavity locking according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the whispering gallery microcavity is set to 9.5mm, the root mean square roughness of the whispering gallery microcavity is set to 0.26n, and the whispering gallery microcavity adopts MgF 2 crystal whispering gallery microcavity.
4. The whispering gallery microcavity locking based small frequency stabilization laser system of claim 3, wherein the optical volume of the laser light generated based on the external cavity laser and whispering gallery microcavity is less than 20cm x 10cm x 4cm.
5. The whispering gallery microcavity locking-based miniature narrow linewidth laser system of claim 3, wherein linewidth of the laser is narrowed to 3Hz based on the external cavity laser and whispering gallery microcavity.
6. The whispering gallery microcavity locking-based micro narrow linewidth laser system of claim 3, wherein the output stability of the laser is set to 6.0 x 10 -12 @0.1s based on the external cavity laser and whispering gallery microcavity.
7. A method of generating a portable laser based on a miniature narrow linewidth laser system, the method comprising the steps of:
S1, turning on a laser power supply of an external cavity laser, and setting the working temperature and the working current of the external cavity laser based on power supply control software;
s2, current scanning is added to the external cavity laser, output signals of the photoelectric detector are observed, and the signal to noise ratio of transmission signals after passing through the whispering gallery microcavity is adjusted;
s3, changing the working current and the working temperature when the external cavity laser operates, searching a transmission peak of a transmission extinction ratio, and gradually narrowing a scanning range;
S4, the modulating signal generator is turned on to output a modulating signal, and the phase of the modulating signal is adjusted to an error signal so as to obtain the maximum slope;
S5, starting a servo controller, changing parameters, closing scanning, reducing the amplitude of the error signal to the minimum value, and completing locking.
8. The method of generating a portable laser based on a micro narrow linewidth laser system of claim 7, wherein the current value of the operating current is greater than 40mA.
9. The method of generating a portable laser based on a micro narrow linewidth laser system of claim 7, wherein said operating temperature is set at 28 degrees celsius.
CN202510043086.4A 2025-01-10 2025-01-10 Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking Pending CN119890918A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202510043086.4A CN119890918A (en) 2025-01-10 2025-01-10 Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202510043086.4A CN119890918A (en) 2025-01-10 2025-01-10 Micro narrow linewidth laser system and method based on whispering gallery microcavity locking

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN119890918A true CN119890918A (en) 2025-04-25

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