CN110015106B - Non-vehicle-mounted charger and charging safety protection method - Google Patents
Non-vehicle-mounted charger and charging safety protection method Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention relates to an off-board charger and a charging safety protection method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger communicates with the battery management system to obtain rated parameters of the power battery; if the battery management system fails, the off-board charger calculates the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type; if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the charging amount required in the charging process, the off-board charger stops charging actively. In the invention, if the battery management system fails in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger actively participates in calculation, whether the power battery is fully charged can be judged according to the rated parameters of the power battery obtained previously and by combining historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type, if so, the power battery is actively stopped to be charged, and the phenomenon of over-charging of the power battery is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an off-board charger and a charging safety protection method, and belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle charging.
Background
In five years, the new energy automobile industry in China enters the gold development period, and according to data released by the China automobile industry Association, the new energy automobile sales in China are greatly increased from 2012 to 2015, the sales are respectively 1.2 ten thousand, 1.76 ten thousand, 7.47 ten thousand and 33.1 ten thousand, and the sales of automobiles in the last year are more than 50.7 ten thousand. This means a 41-fold increase in sales within 5 years. According to the prediction, the new energy automobile sales volume in China in this year is expected to exceed 70 thousands.
However, with the popularization and spread of new energy vehicles, how to improve the safety of new energy vehicles is receiving more and more attention from society. According to incomplete statistics, since 2009, the number of new energy vehicle safety accidents reported in the public is 30, wherein 22 new energy passenger cars and 8 passenger cars mainly comprise 13 spontaneous combustion and ignition cases in the running process of the vehicles, 7 spontaneous combustion cases in the parking state and 3 spontaneous combustion cases in the charging process of the vehicles.
Therefore, how to improve the safety of the new energy vehicle is particularly important, and as can be seen from the above safety accident classification, besides improving the safety protection of the vehicle itself, the improvement of the active safety protection function of the new energy vehicle as the only external device connected with the new energy vehicle, namely the off-board charger, is also particularly important for the safety of the charging process of the new energy vehicle.
At present, a new energy vehicle charging system is safely divided into two independent parts, namely a Battery Management System (BMS) is responsible for safety protection from a socket to a power battery end, and an off-board charger is responsible for safety protection from the socket to an output end of the off-board charger. When any one of the two parts fails, the safety hole of the whole charging system can be caused, so that the problems of overcharge of the power battery, adhesion of a vehicle charging contact and the like are caused, and the safety of vehicles and personnel is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an off-board charger and a charging safety protection method, which are used for solving the problem that a power battery is overcharged when a battery management system fails in the vehicle charging process.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an off-board charger, which comprises the following scheme:
the first scheme of the charger is as follows: comprising a processor and a memory, the processor for processing instructions stored in the memory to implement a method of:
in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger communicates with the battery management system to obtain rated parameters of the power battery;
if the battery management system fails, the off-board charger calculates the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the charging amount required in the charging process, the off-board charger stops charging actively.
The charger scheme II: on the basis of the first charger scheme, the processor is used for processing the instructions stored in the memory to realize the following method:
calculating the nominal total energy of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
and calculating the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power battery, the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery and the calculated electric quantity protection error.
The charger scheme III: on the basis of the second charger scheme, the processor is used for processing the instructions stored in the memory to realize the following method:
calculating the battery electric quantity in a single historical charging process according to rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity error of the single historical charging process according to the single historical actual charging electric quantity of the off-board charger and the calculated battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process;
and obtaining an electric quantity error distribution trend graph in the charging process of the power batteries of the same type according to historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type, and further obtaining electric quantity protection errors covering all error ranges.
The charger scheme is four: on the basis of the third charger scheme, the rated parameters of the power battery comprise battery rated voltage, battery rated capacity, battery type, message battery nominal total energy and battery initial state of charge.
The charger scheme is as follows: on the basis of the charger scheme four, the calculation formula of the nominal total energy of the power battery is as follows:
Q2＝U*H
wherein Q is2The nominal total energy of the power battery is U, the rated voltage of the battery is U, and the rated capacity of the battery is H;
the calculation formula of the charging amount in the charging process is as follows:
Q3＝Q2*(1-S1)*(1+ω)
wherein Q is3For the charging process, S1And omega is the electric quantity protection error of the power battery.
The charger scheme six: on the basis of the scheme four of the charger, the calculation formula of the battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process is as follows:
Q4＝U*H*(1-S1)
wherein Q is4For the battery capacity in a single historical charging process, U is the rated voltage of the battery, H is the rated capacity of the battery, S1Is the initial state of charge of the battery;
the calculation formula of the electric quantity error in the single historical charging process is as follows:
ω1＝(Q-Q4)/Q4
wherein, ω is1And Q is the actual charging capacity of the single history.
The charger scheme is seven: on the basis of the charger scheme two, three, four, five or six, the processor is further configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the following method:
judging whether the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery is equal to the nominal total energy of the message battery obtained by communication or not, and if so, calculating the charge amount required in the charging process; otherwise, alarming the abnormal nominal total energy of the battery.
The charger scheme eight: on the basis of the charger scheme one, two, three, four, five or six, the processor is further configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the following method:
if the battery management system is not invalid, acquiring dynamic parameters of the power battery in real time in the process of communication between the off-board charger and the battery management system;
judging whether any real-time dynamic parameter of the power battery exceeds a corresponding limit protection threshold value;
and if the maximum protection threshold value is exceeded, the off-board charger actively stops charging.
The charger scheme nine: on the basis of the eighth charging machine scheme, the dynamic parameters of the power battery comprise a battery charging voltage measured value, the highest voltage of the single power battery and the highest temperature of the power battery.
The invention also provides a charging safety protection method of the off-board charger, which comprises the following scheme:
the first method scheme is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger communicates with the battery management system to obtain rated parameters of the power battery;
if the battery management system fails, the off-board charger calculates the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the charging amount required in the charging process, the off-board charger stops charging actively.
The second method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first method scheme, the step of calculating the amount of charge required in the current charging process comprises the following steps:
calculating the nominal total energy of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
and calculating the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power battery, the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery and the calculated electric quantity protection error.
The third method scheme is as follows: on the basis of the second method scheme, the step of calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery comprises the following steps:
calculating the battery electric quantity in a single historical charging process according to rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity error of the single historical charging process according to the single historical actual charging electric quantity of the off-board charger and the calculated battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process;
and obtaining an electric quantity error distribution trend graph in the charging process of the power batteries of the same type according to historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type, and further obtaining electric quantity protection errors covering all error ranges.
The method scheme is as follows: on the basis of the third method scheme, the rated parameters of the power battery comprise the rated voltage of the battery, the rated capacity of the battery, the type of the battery, the nominal total energy of the message battery and the initial state of charge of the battery.
The method scheme five: on the basis of the fourth method scheme, the calculation formula of the nominal total energy of the power battery is as follows:
Q2＝U*H
wherein Q is2The nominal total energy of the power battery is U, the rated voltage of the battery is U, and the rated capacity of the battery is H;
the calculation formula of the charging amount in the charging process is as follows:
Q3＝Q2*(1-S1)*(1+ω)
wherein Q is3For the charging process, S1And omega is the electric quantity protection error of the power battery.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the scheme IV of the method, the calculation formula of the battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process is as follows:
Q4＝U*H*(1-S1)
wherein Q is4For the battery capacity in a single historical charging process, U is the rated voltage of the battery, H is the rated capacity of the battery, S1Is the initial state of charge of the battery;
the calculation formula of the electric quantity error in the single historical charging process is as follows:
ω1＝(Q-Q4)/Q4
wherein, ω is1And Q is the actual charging capacity of the single history.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth method scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
judging whether the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery is equal to the nominal total energy of the message battery obtained by communication or not, and if so, calculating the charge amount required in the charging process; otherwise, alarming the abnormal nominal total energy of the battery.
The method comprises the following steps: on the basis of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth or sixth method scheme, the method further comprises the following steps:
if the battery management system is not invalid, acquiring dynamic parameters of the power battery in real time in the process of communication between the off-board charger and the battery management system;
judging whether any real-time dynamic parameter of the power battery exceeds a corresponding limit protection threshold value;
and if the maximum protection threshold value is exceeded, the off-board charger actively stops charging.
The method has the nine steps: on the basis of the method scheme eight, the dynamic parameters of the power battery comprise a battery charging voltage measured value, the highest voltage of the single power battery and the highest temperature of the power battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the vehicle charging process, when the battery management system is in failure, the battery management system cannot normally detect whether the power storage battery is fully charged, at the moment, the off-board charger actively participates in calculation, rated parameters of the power battery are obtained through information interaction with the battery management system in the prior art, historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type are combined to determine the charge amount of the power battery in the charging process, the charge amount is compared with the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger, whether the power battery is fully charged can be judged, if the power battery is fully charged, the power battery is actively stopped to be charged, and the phenomenon that the power battery is over-charged is effectively avoided.
Further, when the battery management system is not in failure, the non-vehicle-mounted charger collects dynamic parameters of the power battery in real time, and when any one real-time dynamic parameter of the power battery exceeds a corresponding limit protection threshold value, the non-vehicle-mounted charger stops charging the power battery actively, so that the phenomenon of over-charging or over-temperature of the power battery is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a charging safety protection method of an off-board charger of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a distribution trend chart of the power protection error of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an off-board charger, which comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor is used for processing instructions stored in the memory so as to realize a charging safety protection method of the off-board charger. According to the charging safety protection method, factors such as battery attenuation, gun line loss, battery input end loss, off-board charger output end loss, difference of different battery types and the like are considered, and a charging monitoring background is used for carrying out big data analysis on historical charging records of different battery types to obtain corresponding electric quantity protection errors; the off-board charger accurately calculates the amount of charge of the power battery in the charging process according to the electric quantity protection error and the rated parameter of the power storage battery, then realizes an electric quantity protection strategy by comparing reading difference values of the electric energy metering device of the off-board charger, and if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the amount of charge in the charging process, the power battery is fully charged, the off-board charger actively stops to protect so as to avoid the phenomenon of over-charging of the battery.
Specifically, a flow chart of a charging safety protection method of an off-board charger is shown in fig. 1, in the process of information interaction between the off-board charger and a battery management system BMS, relevant parameter information of a power battery is obtained based on a 10 th message format and content in a communication protocol between the off-board conductive charger and the battery management system of an electric vehicle GB/T27930, and then an active safety protection strategy of the off-board charger is realized by means of big data analysis, calculation, comparison, and the like, and specifically includes the following steps:
(1) in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger and the battery management system perform information interaction, obtain and store the rated parameters of the power battery, and send the obtained rated parameters to the charging monitoring background.
The charging monitoring background can be a part of the non-vehicle-mounted charger or can be a processor arranged independently. The rated parameters of the power battery comprise battery rated voltage U, battery rated capacity H and battery type in BRM message (BMS and vehicle identification message) and power storage in BCP (power storage battery charging parameter) messageNominal total energy Q of the battery1And initial state of charge (SOC) S of the power storage battery1。
In addition, during the information interaction between the off-board charger and the battery management system BMS, a power storage battery limit protection threshold value, such as the highest allowable charging voltage U of a single battery, needs to be obtained1Maximum allowable total charging voltage U2And a maximum allowable temperature T.
In the charging process of the power battery, if the battery management system normally operates (does not fail), the non-vehicle-mounted charger communicates with the battery management system, and a battery charging voltage measured value U in a BCS (total battery charging state) message is collected in real time3Maximum voltage U of single power battery4And maximum power battery temperature T in BSM (Power Battery State information) message1And waiting for dynamic parameters of the power battery. The off-board charger compares the acquired dynamic parameters of the power battery with the corresponding limit protection threshold in real time, and if the acquired dynamic parameters of the power battery exceed the limit protection threshold of the power battery, the U state is determined3＞U2Or U4＞U1Or T1When the charging time is more than T, the off-board charger actively stops charging the power battery and sends a suspension message CST; otherwise, the charging process is continued until the BMS sends a BST message. Through the process, the limit threshold protection of the power battery can be realized, and when the battery management system fails and cannot be automatically protected, the off-board charger can take the safety protection of the whole charging system, so that the over-temperature or over-charging phenomenon of the power battery is avoided.
(2) If the battery management system fails, the non-vehicle-mounted charger calculates the charging amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type.
The failure of the battery management system refers to the problems that a communication fault occurs between the battery management system and the non-vehicle-mounted charger, the battery management system cannot acquire message information sent by the non-vehicle-mounted charger, the power storage battery has communication abnormality or loses boxes, and the like.
Specifically, the step of calculating the amount of charge required in the charging process includes:
1) calculating the nominal total energy Q of the power storage battery according to the rated voltage U and the rated capacity H of the battery2The calculation expression is as follows:
Q2＝U*H
2) judging the calculated nominal total energy Q of the power storage battery2Whether the total energy is equal to the nominal total energy Q of the battery in BCP (binary coded positive) message acquired by communication1(message battery nominal total energy), if the two are equal, the following calculation is continued.
In addition, if the nominal total energy Q of the power storage battery2And the nominal total energy Q of the power accumulator in the message1When the values are not equal, the nominal total energy Q of the power storage battery is used2Mainly, an alarm record of the abnormal nominal total energy of the power storage battery is generated to prompt a battery manufacturer to check the battery problem in time, and the potential safety hazard is avoided.
3) And calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery by the charging monitoring background by adopting big data according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the historical charging record data of different battery types.
The calculation steps of the electric quantity protection error omega are as follows:
a. according to the rated voltage U of the battery, the rated capacity H of the battery and the initial state of charge S of the power storage battery1The charging monitoring background calculates the battery electric quantity Q in the single historical charging process4The calculation expression is as follows:
Q4＝U*H*(1-S1)
b. according to the single historical actual charging electric quantity Q of the off-board charger and the calculated single historical charging process battery electric quantity Q4The charging monitoring background calculates the electric quantity error omega of the single historical charging process1The calculation expression is as follows:
ω1＝(Q-Q4)/Q4
the single historical actual charging electric quantity Q is also the difference value of the initial and final readings of the electric energy metering device of the off-board charger in the historical charging process.
c. Charging according to the historical charging records corresponding to different battery typesThe monitoring background depicts the electric quantity error omega of the battery type charging process1And analyzing the distribution trend graph to obtain the electric quantity protection error omega which can cover all error ranges.
Calculate ω1The purpose is to analyze the difference error between the theoretical electric quantity of the battery and the actual output electric quantity of the charger and correspondingly calculate the charging quantity Q of the battery3. In the present embodiment, the power error ω1The distribution trend graph is shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2, 7.87% refers to the percentage of the difference between the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger and the theoretical electric quantity of the power battery in a certain charging process to the theoretical electric quantity of the power battery, that is, the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is equal to the theoretical charging quantity (1+ 7.87%) of the power battery. 7.87% covers the comprehensive factors of battery attenuation, gun line loss, battery input end loss, charger output end loss, battery type difference, SOC precision and the like.
d. And the charging monitoring background issues a corresponding electric quantity protection error omega according to the battery type of the vehicle to be charged.
Because different battery types have different electric quantity protection errors, the charging monitoring background performs data mining in a targeted manner by considering the differences of different environments and regions, and the electric quantity errors are automatically corrected by depending on big data analysis, so that the electric quantity protection errors are prevented from being mistakenly reported, and the accuracy is improved.
4) And calculating the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power battery, the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery and the calculated electric quantity protection error.
Specifically, the off-board charger sends the electric quantity error omega and the nominal total energy Q of the power storage battery according to the charging monitoring background of the off-board charger2Calculating the charging amount Q of the charging process3The calculation expression is as follows:
Q3＝Q2*(1-S1)*(1+ω)
(3) reading the difference value Q between the number of degrees of the electric energy metering device (the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger) in the charging process by the off-board charger, and comparing the actual output electric quantity Q of the off-board charger with the charge quantity Q which is charged in the charging process3Make a comparisonAt this time, there are:
if Q > Q3If the charging is stopped, the off-board charger actively stops charging and sends a stop message CST;
if Q is less than or equal to Q3Then, the charging process is continued until the charging is manually stopped or the BMS sends a stop message BST.
It should be noted that the historical actual charging electric quantity and the actual output electric quantity of the non-vehicle-mounted charger at this time can be understood as the same concept and are both represented as Q, Q represents a difference value between the number of times of the electric energy metering device in the charging process, the actual output electric quantity Q of the non-vehicle-mounted charger used by the charger during local protection is the historical actual charging electric quantity Q for charging monitoring background data analysis, and the two are different only in use environment and are actually the same concept.
The off-board charger disclosed by the invention adopts a protection strategy for actively calculating the chargeable amount of the power storage battery, when the power storage battery is abnormal in communication or loses boxes, the battery management system cannot normally detect whether the power storage battery is fully charged, and the off-board charger actively calculates to avoid the phenomenon of over-charging of the battery. The invention only depends on the active acquisition, active calculation and active comparison of the off-board charger, can still actively protect the safety of the charging system after the BMS of the battery management system fails, does not need to change any time sequence flow or add any hardware acquisition equipment, and has higher popularization degree and practicability.
Claims (14)
1. An off-board charger comprising a processor and a memory, the processor being configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement the method of:
in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger communicates with the battery management system to obtain rated parameters of the power battery;
if the battery management system fails, the off-board charger calculates the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the charging amount required in the charging process, the off-board charger stops charging actively;
calculating the nominal total energy of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
calculating the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the calculated nominal total energy and electric quantity protection error of the power battery;
calculating the battery electric quantity in a single historical charging process according to rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity error of the single historical charging process according to the single historical actual charging electric quantity of the off-board charger and the calculated battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process;
and obtaining an electric quantity error distribution trend graph in the charging process of the power batteries of the same type according to historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type, and further obtaining electric quantity protection errors covering all error ranges.
2. The off-board charger according to claim 1, wherein the rated parameters of the power battery include a battery rated voltage, a battery rated capacity, a battery type, a message battery nominal total energy, and a battery initial state of charge.
3. The off-board charger according to claim 2, wherein the nominal total energy of the power battery is calculated by the formula:
Q
2
=U*H
wherein,Q 2 is the nominal total energy of the power cell,Uthe voltage of the battery is rated as the rated voltage of the battery,Hthe rated capacity of the battery;
the calculation formula of the charging amount in the charging process is as follows:
Q
3
=Q
2
*(1-S
1
)*(1+ω)
wherein,Q 3 the charging amount is required in the charging process,S 1 is the initial state of charge of the battery,ωthe electric quantity protection error of the power battery is provided.
4. The off-board charger according to claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the battery charge in the single historical charging process is as follows:
Q
4
=U*H*(1-S
1
)
wherein,Q 4 for a single historical charge process battery charge,Uthe voltage of the battery is rated as the rated voltage of the battery,His the rated capacity of the battery,S 1 is the initial state of charge of the battery;
the calculation formula of the electric quantity error in the single historical charging process is as follows:
ω
1
=(Q-Q
4
)/Q
4
wherein,ω 1 for the charge error of a single historical charging process,Qand actually charging the single history.
5. The off-board charger according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the processor is further configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement a method comprising:
judging whether the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery is equal to the nominal total energy of the message battery obtained by communication or not, and if so, calculating the charge amount required in the charging process; otherwise, alarming the abnormal nominal total energy of the battery.
6. The off-board charger according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the processor is further configured to process instructions stored in the memory to implement a method comprising:
if the battery management system is not invalid, acquiring dynamic parameters of the power battery in real time in the process of communication between the off-board charger and the battery management system;
judging whether any real-time dynamic parameter of the power battery exceeds a corresponding limit protection threshold value;
and if the maximum protection threshold value is exceeded, the off-board charger actively stops charging.
7. The off-board charger according to claim 6, wherein the dynamic parameters of the power battery include a battery charging voltage measurement, a maximum voltage of the individual power battery, and a maximum temperature of the power battery.
8. A charging safety protection method of an off-board charger is characterized by comprising the following steps:
in the vehicle charging process, the off-board charger communicates with the battery management system to obtain rated parameters of the power battery;
if the battery management system fails, the off-board charger calculates the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power batteries and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
if the actual output electric quantity of the off-board charger is larger than the charging amount required in the charging process, the off-board charger stops charging actively; the step of calculating the charging amount required in the charging process comprises the following steps:
calculating the nominal total energy of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type;
calculating the charge amount required in the charging process according to the rated parameters of the power battery and the calculated nominal total energy and electric quantity protection error of the power battery; the step of calculating the electric quantity protection error of the power battery comprises the following steps:
calculating the battery electric quantity in a single historical charging process according to rated parameters of the power battery;
calculating the electric quantity error of the single historical charging process according to the single historical actual charging electric quantity of the off-board charger and the calculated battery electric quantity in the single historical charging process;
and obtaining an electric quantity error distribution trend graph in the charging process of the power batteries of the same type according to historical charging record data of the power batteries of the same type, and further obtaining electric quantity protection errors covering all error ranges.
9. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to claim 8, wherein the rated parameters of the power battery include a rated battery voltage, a rated battery capacity, a battery type, a nominal total energy of the message battery, and an initial state of charge of the battery.
10. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the nominal total energy of the power battery is as follows:
Q
2
=U*H
wherein,Q 2 is the nominal total energy of the power cell,Uthe voltage of the battery is rated as the rated voltage of the battery,Hthe rated capacity of the battery;
the calculation formula of the charging amount in the charging process is as follows:
Q
3
=Q
2
*(1-S
1
)*(1+ω)
wherein,Q 3 the charging amount is required in the charging process,S 1 is the initial state of charge of the battery,ωthe electric quantity protection error of the power battery is provided.
11. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to claim 9, wherein the calculation formula of the battery power in the single historical charging process is as follows:
Q
4
=U*H*(1-S
1
)
wherein,Q 4 for a single historical charge process battery charge,Uthe voltage of the battery is rated as the rated voltage of the battery,His the rated capacity of the battery,S 1 is the initial state of charge of the battery;
the calculation formula of the electric quantity error in the single historical charging process is as follows:
ω
1
=(Q-Q
4
)/Q
4
wherein,ω 1 for the charge error of a single historical charging process,Qand actually charging the single history.
12. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising:
judging whether the calculated nominal total energy of the power battery is equal to the nominal total energy of the message battery obtained by communication or not, and if so, calculating the charge amount required in the charging process; otherwise, alarming the abnormal nominal total energy of the battery.
13. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising:
if the battery management system is not invalid, acquiring dynamic parameters of the power battery in real time in the process of communication between the off-board charger and the battery management system;
judging whether any real-time dynamic parameter of the power battery exceeds a corresponding limit protection threshold value;
and if the maximum protection threshold value is exceeded, the off-board charger actively stops charging.
14. The charging safety protection method of the off-board charger according to claim 13, wherein the dynamic parameters of the power battery include a battery charging voltage measurement value, a maximum voltage of the single power battery, and a maximum temperature of the power battery.
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| CN113733981B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2023-04-28 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Charging control method and device of power battery, medium and electronic equipment |
| CN113459898A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-01 | 云度新能源汽车有限公司 | Intelligent remote diagnosis method and system for battery overcharge of electric vehicle |
| CN115610258B (en) * | 2022-10-14 | 2025-08-29 | 贵州新力源科技有限公司 | A method for detecting battery management system failure using an off-board charger |
| CN115593273B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-07 | 成都壹为新能源汽车有限公司 | An electric vehicle chassis system and control method |
| CN119298292B (en) * | 2024-10-21 | 2025-07-22 | 安徽行一新能源技术有限公司 | BMS intelligent management system based on big data |
| CN119567862B (en) * | 2024-12-26 | 2025-09-09 | 岚图汽车科技有限公司 | Vehicle battery charging monitoring method and device and cloud battery management platform |
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| CN101740837B (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2012-01-04 | 天津清源电动车辆有限责任公司 | Control method for vehicle-mounted charge and quick charge of electric automobiles |
| CN104931882B (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2018-04-20 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | The method and apparatus of power battery cubage correction |
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Address after: 450061 Yudao Road, Guancheng District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Patentee after: Yutong Bus Co.,Ltd. Address before: 450016 Yutong Industrial Zone, eighteen Li River, Henan, Zhengzhou Patentee before: ZHENGZHOU YUTONG BUS Co.,Ltd. |