CN110029376A - Alloy layer, workpiece and electroplate liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an alloy plating layer, a workpiece formed with the alloy plating layer and an electroplating solution for forming the alloy plating layer. The aforementioned alloy plating layer contains at least nickel, cobalt and phosphorus. In the present invention, the alloy plating layer not only has the lower stress of nickel or cobalt, which alleviates the problem of poor bonding force, but also has the wear resistance of Ni-Co, and also has the corrosion resistance of Ni-P, and the high temperature solder does not change color, etc. Advantages, thereby improving the overall performance of the alloy coating.

Description

Alloy Coatings, Workpieces and Electroplating Solutions

technical field

The invention relates to an alloy plating layer, a workpiece formed with the alloy plating layer and an electroplating solution for forming the alloy plating layer.

Background technique

At present, nickel plating has been used in the industry for the protection and wear resistance of connector terminals and shells. However, with the high frequency of use of communication products such as mobile phones in recent years, the upgrading has accelerated, and the requirements for sweat resistance, protection and wear resistance are also increasing. Getting higher and higher, nickel plating can no longer meet some performance requirements.

At present, the industry generally uses 1um gold, palladium and other precious metals as the outermost layer of the connector terminal to reduce the contact resistance, and as a conductive layer, 0.5um gold is enough, but because the nickel coating under the precious metal is not resistant to corrosion as an intermediate coating, Partial protection is often achieved by increasing the thickness of the precious metal coating. In order to save costs, Ni-P or Ni-W has been used to partially replace nickel in the industry to reduce the thickness of precious metal plating. Items are not widely used.

At present, some companies in the industry are plating a thin layer of Ni-P under the tin plating layer to solve the problems of poor soldering such as high temperature solder discoloration (Reflow), oxidation, and insufficient welding force. However, due to the narrow operating range and high stress of Ni-P, the high temperature resistance performance is not stable, and at the same time, the bonding force between the Ni-P and the tin layer is poor, which also makes many companies give up the idea of using Ni-P, or only use it in reflow soldering. (Reflow) On products with high temperature and complex structure, other tin-plated products still use ordinary nickel plating as the intermediate layer.

As the outermost coating, chrome plating is often used in parts that are easy to wear such as automobile wheels and brake parts. At present, the industry has always used chrome plating as the outermost coating to increase the surface hardness, but the chrome plating has a great impact on the environment. The first choice for replacing chrome plating has been widely used in Europe and the United States, but because the corrosion resistance is not as good as that of chrome plating and its passivation layer, it is not suitable for parts that require both wear and corrosion resistance such as automobile wheels and brakes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one aspect of the above-mentioned problems and deficiencies in the prior art.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an alloy plating layer including at least nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and phosphorus (P).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alloy plating layer includes 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus and 40-89 wt % of nickel.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in addition to nickel, cobalt and phosphorus, the alloy plating layer further includes at least one other metal element.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alloy plating layer further includes tungsten.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alloy coating is a ternary alloy coating containing only nickel, cobalt and phosphorus.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alloy plating layer includes 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus and 48-89 wt % of nickel.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a workpiece on which the aforementioned alloy plating layer is formed.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the alloy plating layer is a bottom plating layer, an intermediate plating layer or an outermost plating layer formed on the workpiece.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the base material of the workpiece is a metal part or a non-metal part.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an electroplating solution is provided, which is suitable for electroplating the aforementioned alloy plating layer on a workpiece.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electroplating solution at least comprises the following components: 250-500 g/l nickel sulfamate, 5-50 g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50 g/l hypophosphorous acid Sodium, 15～60g/l nickel chloride, 30～50g/l boric acid, 1～5g/l sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l sodium phthaloylsulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g /l of 1-4 butynediol, 0.01 to 0.1 g/l of sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 0.5 to 6 g/l of sulfamic acid.

According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electroplating solution at least comprises the following components: 100-300 g/l nickel sulfate, 5-50 g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50 g/l sodium hypophosphite , 15～60g/l nickel chloride, 30～50g/l boric acid, 1～5g/l sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l sodium phthaloyl sulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g/l l 1-4 butynediol, 0.01～0.1g/l sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 1～10ml/l sulfuric acid.

In each of the foregoing exemplary embodiments according to the present invention, the alloy plating layer contains nickel, cobalt and phosphorus, so it has both the lower stress of nickel or cobalt, which alleviates the problem of poor bonding force, and the Ni-Co It also has the advantages of Ni-P corrosion resistance and no discoloration of high temperature solder, thereby improving the comprehensive performance of the alloy coating.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, and may assist in a comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the electroplating bath for electroplating to form a layer of alloy coating on the workpiece according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of metal coating as the bottom coating of workpiece;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a metal coating as an intermediate coating for a workpiece;

Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of a metal coating as the outermost coating of a workpiece.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the specification, the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar parts. The following description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the general inventive concept of the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Furthermore, in the following detailed description, for convenience of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, however, one or more embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in diagram form in order to simplify the drawings.

According to a general technical concept of the present invention, an alloy plating layer is provided, and the alloy plating layer contains at least nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and phosphorus (P).

1 shows a schematic diagram of an electroplating bath for electroplating an alloy plating layer 20a (see FIGS. 2 to 4 ) on a workpiece 20 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the illustrated embodiment, an electroplating bath 100 is contained in the electroplating bath. The workpiece 20 is used as the cathode of the electroplating cell, and the anode 10 of the electroplating cell is made of sulfur-containing nickel plates or nickel beads. The anode 10 and the cathode are connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply, respectively. When electrified, metals such as nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and phosphorus (P) in the electroplating solution are deposited on the surface of the workpiece 20 to form an alloy plating layer 20a (see FIGS. 2 to 4 ).

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a contains at least nickel, cobalt and phosphorus.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a may contain 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus, and 40-89 wt % of nickel.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, in addition to nickel, cobalt and phosphorus, the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a also includes at least one other metal element, for example, metal tungsten.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a may be a ternary alloy plating layer containing only nickel, cobalt and phosphorus. At this time, the alloy plating layer may contain 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus, and 48-89 wt % of nickel.

In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned electroplating solution at least comprises the following components: 250-500 g/l nickel sulfamate, 5-50 g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50 g/l hypophosphorous acid Sodium, 15～60g/l nickel chloride, 30～50g/l boric acid, 1～5g/l sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l sodium phthaloylsulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g /l of 1-4 butynediol, 0.01 to 0.1 g/l of sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 0.5 to 6 g/l of sulfamic acid.

In another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the aforementioned electroplating solution at least comprises the following components: 100-300 g/l nickel sulfate, 5-50 g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50 g/l sodium hypophosphite , 15～60g/l nickel chloride, 30～50g/l boric acid, 1～5g/l sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l sodium phthaloyl sulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g/l l 1-4 butynediol, 0.01～0.1g/l sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 1～10ml/l sulfuric acid.

Please note that the formulation of the electroplating solution suitable for forming the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments, and may be other formulations, as long as the plating solution can be modified to form the aforementioned alloy plating layer 20a.

Table 1 below describes in detail the formulations of the electroplating solutions and the operating conditions during electroplating according to the foregoing embodiments of the present invention.

Table I

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the metal coating 20 a as the bottom coating of the workpiece 20 .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the illustrated embodiment, the alloy plating layer 20a is directly electroplated on the surface of the base material 21 of the workpiece 20, and a tin plating layer 211 is electroplated on the surface of the alloy plating layer 20a.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the metal coating 20 a as an intermediate coating of the workpiece 20 .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 , in the illustrated embodiment, a layer of nickel plating layer 221 is directly electroplated on the surface of the base material 21 of the workpiece 20 first, and then a layer of nickel plating layer 221 is electroplated on the surface For the alloy plating layer 20a, finally, a precious metal plating layer 222 is electroplated on the surface of the alloy plating layer 20a.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the metal coating 20 a as the outermost coating of the workpiece 20 .

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , in the illustrated embodiment, a layer, for example, a nickel plating layer 221 , is directly electroplated on the surface of the base material 21 of the workpiece 20 first, and then a layer of nickel plating layer 221 is electroplated on the surface Alloy plating layer 20a. The alloy plating layer 20 a is directly exposed to the outside and constitutes the outermost plating layer of the workpiece 20 .

In the foregoing embodiments, the base material 21 of the workpiece 20 may be a metal part or a non-metal part.

The following table 2 shows the performance comparison between the alloy coating of the present invention and several commonly used coatings at present.

Table II

It can be seen from Table 2 that the alloy coating layer comprising nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and phosphorus (P) of the present invention is excellent in various performance indicators.

The following Table 3 shows the average Risk Priority Number (RPN, Risk Priority Number) of the alloy coating of the present invention and several types of coatings commonly used at present, calculated according to the Six Sigma management standard.

Table 3

As can be seen from Table 3, the average risk priority number (PRN, Risk Priority Number) of the alloy coating containing nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co) and phosphorus (P) of the present invention is the smallest, so its comprehensive performance index is the highest excellent.

Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-described embodiments are all exemplary, and those skilled in the art can make improvements thereto, and the structures described in the various embodiments do not conflict in terms of structures or principles can be freely combined.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the embodiments disclosed in the accompanying drawings are intended to illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Although some embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that The scope is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

It should be noted that the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. Furthermore, any element numbers in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (12)

1. An alloy coating, characterized in that: the alloy coating at least comprises nickel, cobalt and phosphorus. 2 . The alloy coating according to claim 1 , wherein the alloy coating comprises 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus and 40-89 wt % of nickel. 3 . 3. alloy coating according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: In addition to nickel, cobalt and phosphorus, the alloy plating layer also contains at least one other metal element. 4. The alloy coating according to claim 3, wherein the alloy coating further comprises tungsten. 5 . The alloy coating according to claim 1 , wherein the alloy coating is a ternary alloy coating containing only nickel, cobalt and phosphorus. 6 . 6 . The alloy coating according to claim 5 , wherein the alloy coating comprises 10-40 wt % of cobalt, 1-12 wt % of phosphorus and 48-89 wt % of nickel. 7 . 7. A workpiece is characterized in that: The alloy plating layer (20a) according to any one of claims 1-6 is formed on the workpiece (20). 8. workpiece according to claim 7, is characterized in that: The alloy plating layer (20a) is a bottom plating layer, an intermediate plating layer or an outermost plating layer formed on the workpiece (20). 9 . The workpiece according to claim 7 , wherein the base material ( 21 ) of the workpiece ( 20 ) is a metal part or a non-metal part. 10 . 10. An electroplating solution, suitable for electroplating on a workpiece (20) to form the alloy plating layer (20a) according to any one of claims 1-6. 11. electroplating solution according to claim 10, is characterized in that: The electroplating solution contains at least the following components: 250-500g/l nickel sulfamate, 5-50g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50g/l sodium hypophosphite, 15-60g/l nickel chloride , 30～50g/l boric acid, 1～5g/l sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l sodium phthaloyl sulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g/l 1-4 butynediol, 0.01-0.1 g/l sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 0.5-6 g/l sulfamic acid. 12. electroplating solution according to claim 10, is characterized in that: The electroplating solution at least contains the following components: 100-300 g/l nickel sulfate, 5-50 g/l cobalt sulfamate, 5-50 g/l sodium hypophosphite, 15-60 g/l nickel chloride, 30 ～50g/l of boric acid, 1～5g/l of sodium fluoride, 0.5～1g/l of sodium o-benzoylsulfonimide, 0.2～0.3g/l of 1-4 butynediol, 0.01～ 0.1 g/l of sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 1 to 10 ml/l of sulfuric acid.