CN110034383A - One-dimensional phase sweeps aerial array - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-dimensional phase-sweeping antenna array, comprising a dielectric substrate and N radiating units arranged on the dielectric substrate in parallel and at equal intervals. A low-side lobe beam scan is formed, and the radiation unit is a left-right symmetrical series microstrip linear array. Amplitude and Phase Scan the horizontal plane with low sidelobes. Finally, in the beam scanning range of ±50°, the gain is not lower than 18dB, and the sidelobe level is lower than ‑15dB.

Description

One-dimensional phase-swept antenna array

technical field

The present invention relates to antenna technology, in particular to a one-dimensional phase-scanned antenna array.

Background technique

A phased array is an array that automatically scans the beam by controlling the phase of the array antenna unit. Compared with ordinary arrays, phased arrays have fast beam scanning capabilities, beam shape agility capabilities, space power synthesis capabilities, antenna and radar platform conformal capabilities, and multi-beam forming capabilities. Combining these advantages, it can be said that vehicle-mounted phased array radar is a future development trend. It can provide fast scanning of beams, wide coverage, and beam synthesis, which has a long range. For vehicle-mounted radar, only the beam is required to be horizontal. direction to scan over a wide range with low sidelobe levels. In the design process of the phased array antenna, the mutual coupling effect between the antenna elements will greatly reduce the performance of the antenna, and affect the input impedance and matching as well as the array gain, so the design of the phased array antenna is more difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a one-dimensional phase-sweeping antenna array, which can perform fast scanning in a large range in one direction and greatly reduce the side lobe level.

The technical solution for realizing the present invention is: a one-dimensional phase-scanned antenna array, comprising a dielectric substrate and N radiating units arranged on the dielectric substrate in parallel and at equal intervals, the radiating units are fed separately, and each radiating unit is changed by changing The excitation amplitude and phase form a low sidelobe beam scan, and the radiation unit is a left-right symmetrical series microstrip line array.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: (1) the side lobe level of the present invention is as low as -15dB in the entire scanning range; (2) the scanning range of the present invention is -50° to 50° on the azimuth plane. °, the coverage space is wide; (3) the antenna of the present invention is miniaturized to meet the vehicle-mounted requirements.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a diagram of a sub-radiating unit microstrip patch antenna.

Fig. 2 is a result diagram of the parameters of the sub-radiation unit S11.

FIG. 3 is a two-dimensional pattern of the sub-radiation unit.

FIG. 4 is a diagram of a one-dimensional phase-swept microstrip antenna array.

FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional pattern of the swept antenna array with the radiating element spacing d=0.4λ.

FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional pattern of the swept antenna array with the radiating element spacing d=0.5λ.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the S11 parameters of the phase-swept antenna.

FIG. 8 is a two-dimensional pattern of the swept antenna.

FIG. 9 is a beam scanning pattern of the phased array antenna in the horizontal direction from 0° to 50°.

Figure 10 is a beam scanning pattern of the phased array antenna from -50° to 0° in the horizontal direction.

Fig. 11 is a pattern diagram of the phase-swept antenna at a scanning angle of -55°.

Detailed ways

A one-dimensional swept antenna array, comprising a dielectric substrate and N radiating elements arranged in parallel and at equal intervals on the dielectric substrate, the radiating elements are fed separately, and low side lobes are formed by changing the excitation amplitude and phase of each radiating element For beam scanning, the radiation unit is a left-right symmetrical series microstrip linear array. The E plane is used as the elevation plane to perform low side lobe processing inside the radiation unit, and the horizontal plane is scanned with low side lobes by controlling the excitation amplitude and phase of each radiation unit on the H plane.

In a further embodiment, the distance between two adjacent radiation units is 0.5 wavelengths.

In a further embodiment, the series-connected microstrip line array includes four radiating patches connected in series through the microstrip lines.

In a further embodiment, the widths of the radiation patches are W ₁ =1.4mm, W ₂ =0.81mm, and the lengths are L ₁ =1.06mm, L ₂ =1.08mm, respectively. The spacings are:

d ₁ =1.14 mm, d ₂ =1.19 mm.

In a further embodiment, the radiating elements are fed by microstrip lines of equal length.

In a further embodiment, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 3.04, the thickness is 0.127 mm, and the material is RO3003.

In a further embodiment, N is 12.

The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the examples.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the one-dimensional swept antenna array includes a dielectric substrate and 12 radiating elements arranged on the dielectric substrate in parallel and at equal intervals. The radiating elements are fed separately. By changing each radiating element The excitation amplitude and phase form a low sidelobe beam scan, and the radiation unit is a left-right symmetrical series microstrip line array. The serial microstrip line array includes 4 radiating patches connected in series by the microstrip line. The widths of the radiation patches obtained by the Chebyshev synthesis method are W ₁ =1.4mm, W ₂ =0.81mm, respectively. After HFSS simulation optimization, the lengths of the radiation patches are L ₁ =1.06mm, L ₂ = 1.08mm, and the distances between two adjacent radiation patches are: d ₁ =1.14mm, d ₂ =1.19mm.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is set to 0.127 mm, the material used is RO3003, and the dielectric constant is 3.04.

As shown in Figure 2, the center frequency of each group of radiating elements is 77GHz after simulation, the corresponding S ₁₁ =-23dB, and the bandwidth of S ₁₁ <-10dB is 1.1GHz, which meets the impedance bandwidth requirement. As shown in Figure 3, the gain of the radiation unit is 12.8dB, the beam width of the E-plane is 24°, the beam width of the H-plane is 65°, and the side lobe level SLL=18.4dB.

As shown in Figure 4, in the 12*4 one-dimensional phased scanning antenna array of this embodiment, the radiating elements are arranged at equal distances on the H surface, so that the phased array antenna has the horizontal angle ±50° beam scanning capability, and also has low Advantages of side lobes.

For the selection of the spacing d of the radiation units in this embodiment, it is necessary not only to ensure that no grating lobes appear within the range of the beam scanning, but also to ensure that the coupling between the radiation units cannot be too large. As shown in Figure 5, when the unit spacing d = 0.4λ, strong coupling occurs, and the antenna pattern has been seriously deformed; as shown in Figure 6, when the unit spacing d = 0.5λ, it can be seen that the antenna The pattern is not greatly affected, and can meet the grating lobe suppression conditions, so the antenna element spacing d = 0.5λ is selected.

The phased array antenna is simulated by HFSS, as shown in Figure 7, at 77GHz, S11=-19.5dB, and the bandwidth of S11<-10dB is 1.1GHz. As shown in Figure 8, the antenna gain reaches 21.9dB, the side lobe level SLL=-19.1dB, the E-plane beam width in the elevation direction is 24°, and the H-plane beam width in the horizontal direction is 8.9°. The analysis shows that as long as the phase of each radiation unit is changed, the beam can be scanned in the horizontal direction. The scanning angle is related to the gradient phase difference α. The larger the α, the larger the scanning angle, as shown in Table 1. Change the progressive phase difference α of the array to obtain the corresponding beam scanning data. As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, in the scanning range from -50° to 50°, the gain of the antenna is kept above 18dB, and the side lobe level is less than -15dB. The performance is excellent and meets the needs of the vehicle. As shown in Figure 11, when the scanning angle is -55°, a grating lobe appears around 80°, and the gain is 17.8dB, the side lobe level is -14.1dB, and the performance is obviously degraded.

Table 1

Claims (7)

1. a kind of one-dimensional phase sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that be set in qually spaced in medium base including medium substrate and in parallel N number of radiating element on plate, the radiating element are individually fed, by the excitation amplitude and phase shape that change each radiating element It is scanned at low-sidelobe beam, the radiating element is symmetrical series connection micro-strip linear array.

2. one-dimensional phase according to claim 1 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that the spacing of two neighboring radiating element is 0.5 wavelength.

3. one-dimensional phase according to claim 1 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that the series connection micro-strip linear array includes passing through Concatenated 4 radiation patch of microstrip line.

4. one-dimensional phase according to claim 3 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that the width of the radiation patch is respectively W₁=1.4mm, W₂=0.81mm, length are respectively L₁=1.06mm, L₂=1.08mm, the spacing point of two neighboring radiation patch Not are as follows: d₁=1.14mm, d₂=1.19mm.

5. one-dimensional phase according to claim 1 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that the radiating element passes through isometric micro-strip Line feed.

6. one-dimensional phase according to claim 1 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that the medium substrate dielectric constant is 3.04, with a thickness of 0.127mm, material RO3003.

7. one-dimensional phase according to claim 1 sweeps aerial array, which is characterized in that N takes 12.