CN110040370B - Handheld Radioactive Contamination Decontamination Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device, which comprises a bottle body, wherein an injection valve is arranged at the bottle mouth of the bottle body; a lifting handle connected with the injection valve; a pressing handle hinged with the lifting handle and controlling the injection valve, and opening the injection valve after being pressed; a pressure gauge provided on the injection valve and communicating with the inside of the bottle body; a nozzle provided on the injection valve; the spraying safety ring is inserted on the pressing handle and is blocked to prevent the pressing handle from being pressed downwards. The invention is suitable for various places where large-scale equipment such as indoor space and underground space cannot operate, realizes the rapid control and removal of radioactive pollution, can rapidly and effectively control the diffusion range of the radioactive pollution, protects the life and property safety of people and reduces accident hazard and loss to the minimum.

Description

Handheld Radioactive Contamination Decontamination Device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of nuclear industry radioactive waste treatment, in particular to a hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device.

Background technique

Nuclear energy is an extremely important high-quality, clean and economical energy source. With the gradual implementation of the national nuclear power strategy, my country's nuclear energy utilization is developing rapidly. Once nuclear projects leak due to operations, natural disasters, human errors, etc., such as radioactive waste management facility accidents, nuclear fuel or radioactive waste transportation and storage accidents, Leakage accidents of radioactive isotopes used for scientific research purposes, accidents such as weapon depots, etc., will produce different degrees of nuclear pollution, which will cause huge harm and losses to the public environment and the public.

The elimination of radioactive fallout at the nuclear accident site in an outdoor open environment belongs to the elimination of large-scale pollution. Many methods are used in the emergency treatment process, including shoveling method, flushing method, natural attenuation method, vacuum method, decontamination method of peeling-off membrane pressing, etc. Among them, the decontamination method of peeling-off membrane pressing is the most widely used, mainly using a large sprayer or hand-push sprayer to spray the decontamination agent on a large area into the polluted area, and the radioactive particles on the air and the ground It is pressed and fixed on the ground, and through the osmotic adsorption and self-reaction of the pressed detergent, it forms a continuous peelable membrane that embeds radioactive particles. Finally, the film body is stripped and curled and transported away from the site, so as to achieve the purpose of cleaning.

For the emergency disposal of nuclear pollution emergencies in a closed or semi-closed environment, large-scale spraying devices cannot enter the scene, and the equipment and methods used to deal with large-scale radioactive pollution in an outdoor open environment are no longer applicable. If radioactive pollution cannot be controlled in a timely and effective manner The spread of pollution will lead to the rapid expansion of the scope of pollution hazards, increasing the difficulty of later disposal, resulting in major economic losses. At present, the nuclear pollution treatment methods for the indoor environment mainly include poison filtration, ventilation and sealing and isolation. These methods have defects to varying degrees in terms of scope of application, function, elimination effect and operation efficiency, and are not in line with the requirements of emergency response to nuclear accidents. Adaptation, lack of disposal means and application equipment that can quickly and effectively control and remove on-site radioactive contamination. Therefore, it is the basic appeal of those skilled in the art to propose a handheld radioactive pollution decontamination device and method to improve emergency response and support capabilities for nuclear leakage emergencies.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is proposed in order to overcome the shortcomings existing in the prior art, and its purpose is to provide a hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device, comprising:

The bottle body is equipped with a spray valve at the mouth of the bottle,

a handle for carrying, which is connected with the injection valve;

Press the handle, which is hingedly connected with the handle and controls the injection valve, and opens the injection valve after being pressed;

A pressure gauge, which is arranged on the injection valve and communicates with the inside of the bottle;

a nozzle, which is arranged on the injection valve;

The spraying safety ring is plugged into the pressing handle, and the pressing handle cannot be pressed down when the pressing handle is blocked.

The nozzle is a single-channel atomizing nozzle, and the atomizing nozzle includes:

Nozzle inlet, which is hollow cylindrical, and the end connected to the injection valve forms a convex ring;

The atomizing nozzle expands, which is a circular platform with both ends of the hollow open, and its small diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet;

The spiral atomizing head is a spiral type with gradually shrinking diameter, the large diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet, and is arranged in the flared cavity of the atomizing nozzle.

The nozzle is a dual-channel mixing nozzle, and the mixing nozzle includes:

Nozzle cannula;

A mixing chamber, one end of which communicates with the two nozzle inserts, and a plurality of helically arranged mixing blades are arranged inside;

The mixing nozzle expands, and it is a circular truncated shape with both hollow ends open, and its small-diameter end is connected with the mixing chamber.

The bottle body is a one-component press bottle body, which is a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure formed at the mouth.

The bottle body is a solid-liquid press bottle body, which is a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure at the mouth, and a powder pusher is arranged on the side wall.

The powder pusher includes:

The pusher housing is arranged on the threaded opening of the side wall of the bottle through the mounting thread formed on the outer wall of one end;

A hot-pressed diaphragm, which is hot-pressed and bonded to the pusher housing at the hot-pressed sealing port;

The push piston is arranged inside the pusher housing and is slidable;

A sealing ring, which is arranged between the inner wall of the pusher housing and the outer wall of the push piston;

Solid component powder, which is filled in the pusher housing and arranged between the hot-pressed diaphragm and the push piston;

Screw push rod, which is threadedly connected with the pusher housing, and the front end can extend into the pusher housing;

a rotary handle, which is arranged at the end of the screw push rod;

Push the safety ring, which is inserted in the middle of the screw push rod.

The bottle body is a liquid-mixed press bottle body, and the mixed-liquid press bottle body includes two independent mouths forming a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure. The two bottle bodies are connected by a liquid-conducting connector, and the two bottle bodies An auxiliary fixing ring and an auxiliary handle are also provided between them.

The liquid guide connector is provided with an independent channel inside, and is provided with an independent jet valve, the jet valve communicates with an independent mixing nozzle seat, the mixing nozzle seat is in the form of a quick-plug joint, and the mixing nozzle seat is plugged with a mixing nozzle.

A catheter is arranged below the injection valve, and the catheter extends to the bottom of the bottle body.

A stirring ball is arranged inside the bottle body.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention provides a hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device, which can be applied to various places such as indoors and underground spaces where large-scale equipment cannot operate. The decontamination agent in the radioactive decontamination spraying device has good wetting, adsorption, and embedding effects on radioactive dust particles, which realizes the rapid control and removal of radioactive pollution, can quickly and effectively control the diffusion range of radioactive pollution, and protect the people To ensure the safety of life and property, and to minimize accident hazards and losses.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-component handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the atomizing nozzle in Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention;

3 is a cross-sectional view of a solid-liquid handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the powder pusher in Example 2 of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural view of a two-component radioactive contamination decontamination device in Example 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of the two-component radioactive pollution decontamination device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

7 is a schematic structural view of a mixing nozzle in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the mixing blades of the mixing nozzle in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

in:

11 One-component compressor bottle 12 Carrying handle

13 Press handle 14 Spray safety ring

15 Atomizing nozzles

1501 Nozzle inlet 1502 Spiral atomizing head

1503 Atomizing nozzle flaring

16 Pressure gauge 17 Injection valve

21 Solid-liquid type press bottle body 22 Side wall threaded port

23 powder pusher

2301 Pusher Housing 2302 Mounting Thread

2303 Heat Compression Diaphragm 2304 Heat Compression Seal

2305 Push piston 2306 Seal

2307 Solid component powder 2308 Auger

2309 Rotary handle 2310 Push safety ring

24 Liquid components 25 Stirring ball

26 Catheter

31 A liquid bottle 32 B liquid bottle

33 Drain Connector 34 Mixing Nozzle

3401 Nozzle Insert 3402 Mixing Chamber

3403 Mixing Nozzle Flare 3404 Mixing Vane

35 Auxiliary retaining ring 36 Auxiliary handle

37 Mix Nozzle Holder 38 Component A Fluid

39 Component B Fluid.

Detailed ways

The hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the specification:

A handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device, comprising:

Bottle body, spray valve 17 is installed at its bottleneck place,

Handle 12, which is connected with the injection valve 17;

Press the handle 13, which is hingedly connected with the handle 12 and controls the injection valve 17, which opens the injection valve 17 after being pressed;

A pressure gauge 16, which is arranged on the injection valve 17 and communicates with the inside of the bottle body;

Nozzle, which is arranged on the injection valve 17;

The spraying safety ring 14 is plugged into the pressing handle 13, and the pressing handle 13 cannot be pressed down when the pressing handle 13 is blocked.

Described nozzle is the atomizing nozzle 15 of single channel, and described atomizing nozzle 15 comprises:

Nozzle inlet 1501, which is a hollow cylinder, and one end connected to the injection valve 17 forms a convex ring;

Atomizing nozzle flaring 1503, which is a circular platform with both ends of the hollow open, and its small diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet 1501;

The spiral atomizing head 1502 is a spiral shape with gradually decreasing diameter, the large diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet 1501 and is arranged in the cavity of the atomizing nozzle flaring 1503 .

Described nozzle is the mixing nozzle 34 of two passages, and described mixing nozzle 34 comprises:

nozzle cannula 3401;

A mixing chamber 3402, one end of which communicates with the two nozzle inserts 3401, and a plurality of helically arranged mixing blades 3404 are arranged inside;

The mixing nozzle flaring 3403 is a hollow truncated cone with both ends open, and its small-diameter end is connected with the mixing chamber 3402 .

The bottle body is a one-component press bottle body 11, which is a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure formed at the mouth.

The bottle body is a solid-liquid press bottle body 21, which is a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure at the mouth, and a powder pusher 23 is arranged on its side wall.

When the bottle contains a solid-liquid mixed component detergent, it includes a pressure bottle with a threaded structure at the mouth, and a side wall threaded opening for installing a powder pusher is left on the side wall, and a powder pusher is installed on the threaded port. device.

Described powder pusher 23 comprises:

Pusher housing 2301, which is arranged on the threaded opening of the side wall of the bottle through the mounting thread 2302 formed on the outer wall of one end;

A heat-pressed diaphragm 2303, which is heat-pressed and bonded to the pusher housing 2301 at the heat-pressed sealing port 2304;

The push piston 2305 is arranged inside the pusher housing 2301 and can slide;

Sealing ring 2306, which is arranged between the inner wall of the pusher housing 2301 and the outer wall of the push piston 2305;

Solid component powder 2307, which is filled in the pusher housing 2301, and is arranged between the hot pressing diaphragm 2303 and the pushing piston 2305;

Screw push rod 2308, which is threadedly connected with the pusher housing 2301, and the front end can extend into the pusher housing 2301;

Rotary handle 2309, which is arranged at the end of the screw push rod 2308;

Push the safety ring 2310, which is inserted into the middle of the screw push rod 2308.

Wherein, the material of the pusher housing 2301 is nylon or plastic, and its shape is a hollow cylinder with one end open. One end; the pusher housing 2301, the heat-pressed diaphragm 2303 and the push piston 2305 form a closed space; when the front end of the screw push rod 2308 rotates, the push piston 2305 is pushed.

The bottle body is a mixed-liquid type press bottle body, and the mixed-liquid type press bottle body includes two independent mouths forming a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure. The two bottle bodies are connected by a liquid guide connector 33, and the two bottle bodies An auxiliary fixing ring 35 and an auxiliary handle 36 are also arranged between the body.

Wherein, the auxiliary fixing ring 35 is two upper and lower fixing rings, the fixing ring is a plate-like structure, and two through holes matching the pressure bottle body are formed on it; the two ends of the auxiliary handle 36 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower fixing rings. superior.

The inside of the liquid guide connector 33 is provided with an independent channel, and is provided with an independent injection valve, the injection valve communicates with an independent mixing nozzle seat 37, the mixing nozzle seat 37 is in the form of a quick-plug joint, and the mixing nozzle seat 37 is plugged with a mixing nozzle 34.

A catheter 26 is arranged below the injection valve 17, and the catheter 26 extends to the bottom of the bottle body.

A stirring ball 25 is arranged inside the bottle body.

Example 1

When utilizing a single-component handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device for decontamination operations, a single-component liquid detergent is housed in the bottle body 11 of the single-component press, and the filling amount is about 2/3 of the volume of the bottle body. Jet valve 17 is arranged on the top, and the lower end of jet valve 17 is provided with catheter tube 26, and catheter tube 26 extends to the bottom of bottle body 11, and stirring ball 25 is also housed in bottle body 11, and catheter tube 26 is connected with the bottom of bottle body 11. The distance is less than 25 diameters of the stirring ball. The atomizing nozzle 15 and the pressure gauge 16 are installed on the side of the injection valve 17, the lifting handle 12 is installed on the top of the injection valve 17, the pressing handle 13 is hinged with the lifting handle 12, and controls the switch of the injection valve 17, and the spraying safety ring 14 is inserted and pressed On the handle 13 and block the pressing handle 13. The inside of the bottle body 11 is filled with compressed air, and the pressure gauge 16 shows the internal pressure of the bottle body 11 .

When performing decontamination by spraying, first shake the bottle 11 of the one-component suppressor to prevent uneven liquid density caused by the bottle standing for too long, open the safety ring 14, aim the atomizing nozzle 15 at the surface of the polluted medium, and press downward Press the push handle 13 to evenly spray the detergent inside the bottle on the surface of the polluted medium. Wait for a period of time, after the decontaminant is completely dry, peel it off the surface of the contaminated medium by hand or tools, and put it into a recycling bag, measure whether the radioactivity concentration on the surface of the contaminated medium reaches the standard, if not, repeat the spraying operation , Collect the recycling bags containing the membrane body in a centralized manner, incinerate and carbonize them for landfill treatment, or directly compress and reduce volume for landfill treatment.

Example 2

When using a solid-liquid hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device for decontamination operations, the powder pusher 23 is equipped with a solid component 2307, and the hot-pressed diaphragm 2303 is bonded to the hot-pressed sealing port 2304 by hot-pressing, and the safety ring 2310 is pushed. Plugged in the middle of the screw push rod 2308, the powder pusher 23 is installed on the side wall of the solid-liquid type compactor bottle 21 through the mounting thread 2302, and the solid-liquid type compactor bottle 21 is filled with liquid components 24, and the filling amount is About 2/3 of the volume of the bottle body, the catheter 26, the stirring ball 25, the injection valve 17, the pressure gauge 16, the handle 12, the push handle 13, the atomizing nozzle 15, the spray safety ring 14 and the embodiment 1 have With the same installation structure, the bottle body 21 is also filled with compressed air.

When spraying and decontaminating, first remove the push safety ring 2310, turn the rotary handle 2309, the screw push rod 2308 pushes the push piston 2305 to move to the inside of the bottle, and the hot-pressed diaphragm 2303 is crushed, so that the solid component 2307 and the liquid component 24 for mixing, shake the bottle body 21 of the solid-liquid type presser, mix the solid component 2307 with the liquid component 24 evenly by stirring the ball 25, open the safety ring 14, aim the atomizing nozzle 15 at the surface of the polluted medium, and Press down on the push handle 13 to evenly spray the detergent inside the bottle on the surface of the contaminated medium, and the follow-up operation is the same as in Example 1.

Example 3

When utilizing the two-component liquid mixing hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device to carry out decontamination operations, A liquid component 38 is housed in the A liquid bottle body 31, and B component liquid 39 is housed in the B liquid bottle body 32, and the filling capacity is about It is 2/3 of the volume of the bottle body, the A liquid bottle body 31 and the B liquid bottle body 32 are installed on the liquid guide connector 33, the auxiliary fixing ring 35 is set on the A liquid bottle body 31 and the B liquid bottle body 32, and the auxiliary handle 36 is connected with auxiliary fixing ring 35, two catheter tubes 26, two stirring balls 25, two pressure gauges 16, handle 12 for carrying, pressing handle 13, spraying safety ring 14 have the same installation structure as embodiment 1, Compressed air is also filled in the A liquid bottle body 31 and the B liquid bottle body 32 .

The mixing nozzle 34 is plugged into the mixing nozzle seat 37 , and the used mixing nozzle 34 can be removed by pressing the quick-plug interface of the mixing nozzle seat 37 .

When spraying and decontaminating, shake the A liquid bottle 31 and the B liquid bottle 32 to prevent uneven liquid density caused by the bottle standing for too long, open the safety ring 14, and aim the mixing nozzle 34 at the surface of the polluted medium, Press down the push handle 13, the component A liquid 38 and the component B liquid are evenly mixed through the mixing nozzle 34 and then sprayed on the surface of the contaminated medium, and the subsequent operation is the same as that of embodiment 1.

The decontamination method using the hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device of the present invention comprises the following steps:

(i) Arrange hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination devices according to the working environment in a closed or semi-closed environment and the scope of possible accidents;

(ii) After a nuclear pollution leak or nuclear pollution accident occurs, seal off the accident area;

(iii) Turn on the hand-held radioactive decontamination device to spray the contaminated ground or medium surface;

(iv) After waiting for a period of time, after the film body of the radioactive decontamination material is dry, peel it off the ground or the surface of the medium by hand or tools, and put it into a recycling bag;

(ⅴ) Measure whether the radioactive concentration on the ground or the surface of the medium is up to the standard, if not up to the standard, repeat the spraying operation;

(ⅵ) Centrally collect the recycling bags containing the membrane body, incinerate and carbonize them for landfill treatment, or directly compress and reduce volume for landfill treatment.

When the handheld radioactive contamination decontamination device in the step (iii) is a one-component or two-component liquid decontamination device, the decontamination device sprays directly.

When the hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device in the step (iii) is a liquid-solid mixed type decontamination device, the solid powder is first pressed into the liquid component, shaken and mixed evenly before spraying.

The invention provides a hand-held radioactive pollution decontamination device, which can be applied to various places such as indoors and underground spaces where large-scale equipment cannot operate. The decontamination agent in the radioactive decontamination spraying device has good wetting, adsorption, and embedding effects on radioactive dust particles, which realizes the rapid control and removal of radioactive pollution, can quickly and effectively control the spread of radioactive pollution, and protect the people To ensure the safety of life and property, and to minimize accident hazards and losses.

Claims (4)

1. A hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device, characterized in that: comprising: The bottle body is equipped with an injection valve (17) at the mouth of the bottle, Handle (12), which is connected with the injection valve (17); Press the handle (13), which is hingedly connected with the handle (12) and controls the injection valve (17), and opens the injection valve (17) after being pressed; A pressure gauge (16), which is arranged on the injection valve (17) and communicates with the inside of the bottle; a nozzle, which is arranged on the injection valve (17); The spraying safety ring (14), which is plugged into the pressing handle (13), blocks the pressing handle (13) and cannot be pressed down; The bottle body is a solid-liquid type press bottle body (21), which is a pressure bottle body with a threaded structure at the mouth, and a powder pusher (23) is arranged on the side wall; The powder pusher (23) includes: The pusher housing (2301), which is arranged on the threaded opening of the side wall of the bottle through the mounting thread (2302) formed on the outer wall of one end; A hot-pressed diaphragm (2303), which is hot-pressed and bonded to the pusher housing (2301) at the hot-pressed sealing port (2304); The push piston (2305) is arranged inside the pusher housing (2301) and is slidable; A sealing ring (2306), which is arranged between the inner wall of the pusher housing (2301) and the outer wall of the push piston (2305); Solid component powder (2307), which is filled in the pusher casing (2301), and arranged between the hot-pressed diaphragm (2303) and the push piston (2305); A screw push rod (2308), which is threadedly connected with the pusher housing (2301), and whose front end can extend into the pusher housing (2301); a rotating handle (2309), which is arranged at the end of the screw push rod (2308); Push the safety ring (2310), which is inserted into the middle of the screw push rod (2308). 2. The hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the nozzle is a single-channel atomizing nozzle (15), and the atomizing nozzle (15) includes: Nozzle inlet (1501), which is hollow cylindrical, and one end connected with the injection valve (17) forms a convex ring; Atomizing nozzle flaring (1503), which is a circular truncated shape with both ends of the hollow open, and its small diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet (1501); The spiral atomizing head (1502) is a spiral type with gradually shrinking diameter, the large diameter end is connected with the nozzle inlet (1501), and is arranged in the cavity of the atomizing nozzle flaring (1503). 3. The hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a catheter (26) is arranged below the injection valve (17), and the catheter (26) extends to the bottom of the bottle body. 4. The hand-held radioactive contamination decontamination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a stirring ball (25) is arranged inside the bottle body.

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